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• Competitive effects of low trade barriers: evaluations for the Kaliningrad region

  International trade is an important factor affecting competition in domestic markets. Considering the vastness of Russian territory, one can expect the pro-competitive effect to vary from region to region. This analysis tests the hypothesis that the unique geographical position and economic status of the Kaliningrad region contribute to the rapid development of international trade, which, in turn, exerts competitive pressure on regional prices. The study incorporates two major ...

• Kantian Philosophy and ‘Linguistic Kantianism’

  ... Translated by G. Hatfield. In: I. Kant, 2002. Theo­retical Philosophy after 1781. Edited by H. Allison and P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 29-170. 16. Koerner, K. E. F., 2000. Towards a ‘Full Pedigree’ of the ‘Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis’: From Locke to Lucy. In: M. Pütz, M. Verspoor, eds. 2000. Explorations in Linguistic Relativity. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 1-25. 17. Kuhn, T., 1996. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 3rd ed. Chicago: The University ...

• Development of musical hearing during education at different musical departments

  ... and the impact of learning on the development of musical ear in various musical fields. The goal is to determine whether there is a difference in the development of tone and interval sound perception among musicians in different areas of study. Zero hypothesis (H0): The lack of dependence of the perception accuracy of sounds and intervals (absolute and relative musical ear) on the field of mu­sical training. Alternative hypothesis (H1): The accuracy of sound and interval percep­tion (absolute and ...

• Processes of convergence and divergence in the regions of the European Union: features and qualimetry

  ... 2004, Modelling Regional Income Convergence in EU-25, University of Tartu, available at: http://www.ecomod.org/files/papers/1388.pdf (accessed 21 June 2011). 18. Szörfi, B. 2007, Development and Regional Disparities — Testing the Williamson Curve Hypothesis in the European Union, Focus on European Economic Integration, p. 100—121, available at: http://www.oenb.at/de/img/feei_2007_2_ szoerfi_tcm14—79074.pdf (accessed 15 November 2011). 19. Ranjpour, R., Karimi T. Z. 2008, Evaluation of the ...

• Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.

  ... salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning of houses and the number of publications in peer-reviewed journals, indexed in Scopus) the study con­firmed the hypothesis on ‘coastalizing’ socio-economic and innovative poten­tial and advanced growth of coastal centers. At the same time, there is also a high differentiation within the group of coastal cities, indicating that such trends are valid only at ...

• Regional innovation security as a coherence of multi-cyclic self-organizing: experience in building an ideal model

  ... their highest coherence and self-regulation as the mechanisms to strengthen the cyclical dynamics of regional reproduction and achieve the stronger re­sistance to external fluctuations. Within the model construction the research also proposes the hypothesis about the transfer of the Kitchin cycles’ dynamics from the innovation and technological sphere, respectively, to other subsystems of regional reproduc­tion. Thus, regular crises are explained by a periodic violation of the coherence between ...

• Kants Begriff der Verbindlichkeit und die neuzeitliche Naturrechtslehre

  ... Kulminationspunkt des theologisch-politischen Konflikts zwischen Halleschem Pietismus und Aufklärungsphilosophie, in: Ders., Reflektierte Religion. Beiträge zur Geschichte des Protestanismus, Tübingen, S. 125-169. 4. Crowe, M. B. 1976, The ‘Impious Hypothesis’: A Paradox in Hugo Grotius? in: Tijdschrift voor Filosofie 38. 5. Ebbinghaus, J. 1986, Über die Idee der Toleranz. Eine staatsrechtliche und religionsphilosophische Untersuchung, in: Ebbinghaus, J. Gesammelte Schriften. Bd. 1: Sittlichkeit ...

• Semantic diffusion: the bilingual aspect

  This article deals with the problem of semantic diffusion on the level of polysemantic and paronymic lexical units. A hypothesis on the storage of lexical-semantic variations of a polysemantic word in the mental lexicon of native speakers in diffusive way is developed on the basis of experimental research. 1. Английская синонимика: введение ...

• The theme of Old Believers in the works of Alexander Kuprin: discus­sion and study prospects

  This article clarifies the significance of the phenomenon of Old Belief in the artistic heritage of A. Kuprin. The sources of Old Believer images in the writer's work, as well as their influence on the plot of his works, are investigated. A hypothesis is put forward about the significant influence of L. Tolstoy and A. Chekhov on the formation of the author's idea of old-timers. The thesis of the crucial importance of stereotypes ingrained in the people for the perception of Russian Old Believers ...

• Generating function and its application for generalization of Legendre polynomials

  ... considered. Particular attention is paid to the case when the parameters defining the studied functions are different, symmetric about zero real numbers. Some properties of constructed functions are obtained. Based on the results of numerical experiment a hypothesis about zeroes of these functions is stated. 1. Suetin P. K. Classical orthogonal polynomials. Moskow, 1978. (in Russian) 2. Dzhrbashyan M. M, Kitbalyan A. A. On one generalization of Chebyshev polynomials// Reports of Armenian SSR Academy ...

• Kant’s Dissertation for the Master’s Degree On Fire and the Transformations of his Ideas of Ethereal Matter

  ... continuity between the text of On Fire and the so-called Physical Monadology, draw parallels between the ideas enunciated by Kant in his first dissertation and the interpretation of ether in the printed works that followed. Finally, I put forward the hypothesis of the heuristic potential of the On Fire treatise for the analysis of Kant’s manuscript legacy. Perhaps this dissertation will enable researchers to clear up some tangled propositions in Kant’s Opus Postumum. However, a series of further ...

• On the connection between the phenomena of corporeity and welfare in the adolescent self-awareness

  This article considers two phenomena of adolescent self-adolescence: the awareness of one's bodily experience and psychological well-being. The author puts forward a hypothesis that these phenomena might be connected. An empirical study helps identify three groups of test persons: those with vital, conformal, and personal reflection types of bodily capacities. The article emphasizes the positive relation between the ...

• Coastal agglomerations and the transformation of national innovation spaces

  ... innovation processes. I analyse coastalisation (the movement of economic activity and population to coastal zones) by con­sidering the effects and inland diffusion of the exceptionally high innovative potential of coastal agglomerations. I put forward the hypothesis that coastal agglomerations are the most important transformational elements of a national innovation system. Further, I outline and systematise findings dealing with the specifics of innovative processes taking place in coastal agglomerations ...

• The role of logic and the study of rationality within N. O. Lossky’s ideal-realistic concept

  ... Лосский Н. О. Избранное. М.,1991. Popova V. S. logic, rationality, N. O. Lossky, intuitionism, ideal-realism, laws of logic, analytic and synthetic statements propositions, singular and general propositions,subject and predicate, hypothesis and conclusion, logical connection. 116-123

• Analysis of quasiperiodic structure of a flat bulk layer in a gravitational field

  The results numeral analysis structure of flat vertical lager that is formed triangle prism are presented. Complex analyses had unequivocally revealed presence of quasiperiodic structure in distribution particle. Is being offered a hypothesis about the nature of this reveal. 1. Таранов В. И., Зинкевич А. В. Вестник Российского государственного университета им. И. Канта. Калининград, 2009. Вып....

• The resistance of the greater Baltic region states to market cycle changes

  ... a specific feature of a poorly regulated market economy. However, many researchers have shown that different economic sectors do not respond to market cycles in a similar way. Regional economic systems are a combination of many sectors, therefore a hypothesis about the correlation between the stability of regional economies and market cycles is examined. The study is conducted using the Baltic countries (hereinafter referred to as Greater Baltic Region, GBR) as an example. GBR countries have been ...

• N. M. Karamzin and the "Byzantine version" of the origin of the Russian coat of arms

  ... with the marriage of the Great Prince of Moscow Ivan III and Sophia Palaeologus, successor to the Roman and Byzantine Empires. N. Karamzin’s role in promoting and substantiating this version is considered, alongside discussing the longevity of this hypothesis and a critical attitude to it from the point of view of contemporary historiography. 1. Герб и флаг России X—XX вв. М., 1997. 2. Каменцева Е. И., Устюгов Н. В. Русская сфрагистика ...

• He predicted the fate poetically… The book Giordano Bruno as a covert confession of Lev Karsavin

  Karsavin’s book Giordano Bruno is considered in the context of its author’s biography. The article explores the hypothesis about the deep ideational and spiritual connection between Karsavin and Giordano Bruno forged by undoing the fetters of rationality through a mystical epiphany. It is shown that, in the book, Karsavin foresaw his own academic fate. 1. Книжная ...

• The income differentiation among the residents of Latvia in 2000—2008

  ... government’s economic policies aimed at the development of a socially inclusive market economy in the country. The paper describes the dynamics of changes in the income of population of Latvian regions over nine years (2000—2008). The authors put forward a hypothesis that the changes in the state social and economic policy tend to influence the level and dynamics of income of Latvia’s population. 1. Litvinov, V. A. 1999. Uroven' zhizni naselenija regionov Rossii. 1. P. 40—48. 2. Staroverov, O. V....

• The Role of Public Companies in Creating a Platform for Economic Growth in Saint Petersburg

  ... ability to stay efficient and preserve investment potential in volatile economic conditions. The measures taken by the companies are considered as inert and inefficient. The authors surveyed managers from 70 Russian non-public companies, who confirmed the hypothesis that businesses are interested in investing in the earning assets (securities) of other companies to receive interest (dividends). The respondents tend to associate the risk of such investments with the issuer’s corporate control and corporate ...

• Expansion of the arsenal of physical research methods of liquid dielectric examples exotic types of vegetable oils

  ... current response to the physicochemical changes occurring in them is rec­orded, which is compared with the fatty acid oils composition. The main results, conclusions of the research work: based on the exist­ence of a non-zero current response, a hypothesis is put forward that ther­mally stimulated and accompanied by the flow of current destruction of un­stable supramolecular formations — associates of fatty acid triglycerides — occur in the samples. It has been established that the spectrum ...

• Romantic Mythologisation in “New Poems” by Rainer Maria Rilke

  The article analyses the peculiarities of Rainer Maria Rilke’s “New Poems” in the context of mythological constructions of German Romanticism. The author formulates the hypothesis of mythologisation as the expression of the sacred in poetry. The epiphany of the image of the Thing (das Ding) is reached by means of artistic representations, which allows stating the connection between the 'matter' of poetry and its higher ...

• Assessing competitiveness of the Baltic states in tourism

  ... make it possible to identify its structure, strengths and weaknesses. Assessing competitiveness is a live issue in the Baltic region, where tourism is an important part of the economy and a factor in improving living standards. This study advances the hypothesis that the methodology developed by the author will aid in assessing the tourism competitiveness of the Baltic region states. The research aims to assess the competitiveness of the Baltic tourism industries. It reviews methodologies for assessing ...

• Migration of researchers in the Baltic region: a forecast and factors

  ... models built in the R software environment, using statistical time series. The models of the second type use Excel forecast function to carry out prospective evaluations of the number of researchers and migration rates. The study did not confirm the hypothesis that the reduction in the number of researchers was slowing down in Russia and St Petersburg in particular. Thus, the state measures aimed to preserve the human capital of national science will be insufficient to prevent either a decline in ...

• The Functional and the Instrumental in Market Definition: a Laboratory for Natural Experiments in the Baltics

  ... as a whole. Using the tools of the transaction cost economics, we show that, alongside the problem of market boundaries and the resultant position and behaviour of a company — an object of antimonopoly regulation — it is necessary to consider the hypothesis about the market being a special mechanism for coordinating interactions between economic entities. In particular, such determinants of transactions as asset specificity, uncertainty, and frequency can create a basis for abandoning the price ...

• Social support as a factor of overcoming the negative consequence of stress

  ... Journal of community psychology. 1986. №   14 (4). P. 413—445. 2.  Cohen S., Underwood L.   G., Gottlieb B.   H. Social support measurement and intervention. N.   Y., 2000. 3.  Cohen S., Wills T.   A. Stress, social support, and buffering hypothesis // Psychol . Bull. 1985. №   98 (2). P. 310—357. 4.  Dowrick C., May C., Richardson M., Bundred P. The biopsychosocial model of general practice: rhetoric correality? // Br. J. Gen. Pract. 1986. №   46. Р . 105—107. 5.  House ...

• Features presentation of environmental risks in the media (for example, deposits of potassium salts in the village Nivenskoe)

  ... opinion and direct perception of risks in public space, communication of risks can be an instrument of latent manipulation with public opinion. The Internet and printed local media have served as an object of research. Results of the research confirm a hypothesis that images crested by media usually do not correspond to real technical aspect of environmental risks and are addressed as a political problem. 1. Самотесов Е. Д., Тощева Г. П., Рыбальский Н. Г., Галкин ...

• The intellectual interconnections between Königsberg and the Baltics in the 19th century

  This article analyses the Königsberg context of the activities of 18th century enlighteners — Johann Gotthelf Lindner and Jacob Lange — in the Baltics and offers an overview of their linguistic works. On the basis of the hypothesis about the influence of the Königsberg spirit of Enlightenment on the formation of Lindner’s and Lange’s linguistic activities, the author shows that, in the Baltics, the Enlightenment had several modifications differing in forms and objectives....

• Translation: the puzzle of colour

  ... proizvodnye natsional’nyh men­talitetov [Language pictures of the world as derivatives of national mentalities]. M.: Book House University KDU (in Russ.). Lucy, J. A., 1992. Language Diversity and Thought: A Reformulation of the Linguistic Re­lativity Hypothesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Polyakov, S., 2017. Concepts and other constructions of consciousness. Saint-Peters­burg: Peter. Steinvall, A., 2002. English Colour Terms in Context. Umeå: Umeå universitet. Tarnaeva, L. P., 2013....

• The Kaliningrad text as a metatext of culture

  The hypothesis on the existence of a specific "Kaliningrad text" as a metatext, which emerged in the conditions of regional subculture, is put forward and confirmed in the framework of the semiotic paradigm of culture analysis. Metatext is understood ...

• The antinomy of political reason. Some deliberations on Kant’s “Answer-ing the Question: What is Enlightenment?”

  ... interests” of the ruler and the citizen leave room for a conflict between them. The author analyses Kant’s paradox stating an inversely proportional connection between the level of civil liberties and that of spiritual freedom. The article proposes a hypothesis about the dissident movement as a possible political form of implementingthis paradox. This dilemma helps to formulate the idea of antinomy of political reason, as well as develop its solution based on the notion of clear conscience. The author ...

• The system approach to modernisation and innovative regional development: strategic objectives

  ... gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija territorial'nogo razvitija [State and region. The theory and practice of state regulation of territorial development], Moscow. 8. Polterovich, V. 2009, Gipoteza ob innovacionnoj pauze i strategija modernizacii [Innovation pause hypothesis and modernization strategy], Voprosy ekonomiki [Problems of Economics], no. 6, p. 4—23. 9. Porter, М. 1993, Mezhdunarodnaja konkurencija [International competition], Moscow. 10. Pushkarenko, А. B. 2010, Podderzhka innovacionno-aktivnyh ...

• Ontogenetic Dynamics of Hydrocortisone Quantitative Content of the Common Octopus Octopus vulgaris, Lamark (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae)

  ... quantitative content dynamics of the hydrocortisone steroid hormone in different organs and tissues in the course of the common octopus ontogenesis. The author detects general patterns of its quantitative distribution in the octopus organism and formulates a hypothesis on the functional significance of hydrocortisone in the examined tissues of mollusks. Hydrocortisone level is one of the most important organizers of general adaptation syndrome in the organisms of vertebrates under different forms of stress....

• The features of choosing an institutional development trajectory in Eastern Europe in the 16th—17th centuries: Moscovy and the Polish — Lithuanian Commonwealth

  ... Moskovii [Speculations about Muscovy]. In: Inostrancy o drevnej Moskve [Foreigners of ancient Moscow], Moscow. 10. Fletcher, D. 1906, O gosudarstve Russkom [On the Russian State], Saint Petersburg. 11. Domar, E. 1970, The causes of slavery or serfdom: a hypothesis, Journal of Economic History, p. 18—32. 12. Latov, Yu. V. 2004, Vlast'-sobstvennost' v srednevekovoj Rossii [Powerproperty in medieval Russia], Ekonomicheskij vestnik Rostovskogo gosudarstven nogo universiteta=TERRA ECONOMICUS, Vol. 2, no....

• The concept of postulate in Kant's philosophy

  ... Philosophische Versu­che über die menschliche Natur und ihre Entwickelung / Besorgt von W. Uebele. Berlin, 1913. Bd. 1. 29. Wolff Chr. Mathematisches Lexicon. Leipzig, 1716. 30. Wolff Chr. Philosophia rationalis sive Logica. Leipzig, 1740. postulate, axiom, hypothesis, principle, fundamental principle, maxim, highest good, existence of God, immortality of soul, autonomy of will, faith Kryshtop L. E. 24-36 10.5922/0207-6918-2011-1-2

• The dynamics of the world market of gold and the current geo­political processes. Part 2. The analysis of behaviour patterns of the main gold market participants

  ... market. Special attention is paid to the London gold fixing and its replacement by the London electronic auction in an attempt to establish the benchmark price of gold under the influence of short-term geopolitical impulses. The au­thor puts forward a hypothesis that different impulses of geopolitical process­es, their frequency and the level of manifestation influence differently the dy­namics of the world gold market. These factors determine the movement and distribution of gold reserves in different ...

• Another Critical Idealism of Hermann Cohen

  ... influences — is an impetus for the movement,. It is concluded that, having overcome the dualism of reception and spontaneity, critical idealism received a positive impulse. They are consistent with each other, because the idea — understood as a hypothesis — forms the basis for (scientific) knowledge. Therefore, critical idealism can be defined as the idealism of ideas as opposed to the idealism of the subject. According to Cohen, thinking is shaped in the course of making judgments. Judgment ...

• The genetic patterns of severe therapeutically resistant asthma as shown by a transcriptomic study: An analysis of gene ontology and KEGG pathways

  ....А. Многоликая бронхиальная астма, диагностика, лечение и профилактика. М., 2011. 6. Voelkel N., Spiegel S. Why is effective treatment of asthma so difficult? An integrated systems biology hypothesis of asthma // Immunol Cell Biol. 2009. № 87 (8).P. 601—605. 7. Глобальная стратегия лечения и профилактики бронхиальной астмы /под ред. А. C. Белевского. М., 2012....

• The justification of legal punishment in Kant’s philosophy

  ... punishment: the categorical imperative of punishment might well demand those very actions which the categorical imperative as we know it from the “Groundwork” seems to forbid. It is proposed to see this paradox as another antinomy of practical reason. The hypothesis is offered that the separation of the principles of virtue directed to an individual will and right covering the public sphere can be considered as an attempt to solve this very antinomy. 1. Беккер Г. Человеческое поведение: ...

• Concepts of social support: positive and negative effects of social relations in the context of subjective well-being of a human being

  ...      Cohen S., Syme S.   L. Issues in the study and application of social support // So­cial support and health / eds. S. Cohen, S.   L. Syme. Orlando, 1985. Р. 3—22. 9.      Cohen S., Wills T.   A. Stress, social support, and buffering hypothesis // Psy­chol. Bull. 1985. Vol. 98. P. 310—357. 10.   Collins N.   L., Dunkel-Schetter C., Lobel M. et al. Social Support in pregnancy: Psy­chosocial correlates of birth outcomes and postpartum depression // Journal of Personality and ...

• Darwinism as the Missing Link in Kant’s Critical Philosophy

  I proceed from the hypothesis that the difficulties in Kant’s presentation of his plan and, accordingly, the implicit reason for the critical attitude to this plan on the part of many contemporary philosophers stem from the fact that he had no theoretical link at his ...

• Potential of Russian-Indian scientific cooperation (the case of western border regions of Russia)

  ... of innovations. The article assesses the potential for enhancing Russian-Indian interaction in various fields of scientific knowledge. The geography of the study is 268 cities of India and 44 cities of the Western borderland of Russia. The research hypothesis supports the assumption that in Indian-Russian sci­entific cooperation, the factor of territorial remoteness can be compensated by a similar level of scientific and technological (S&T) development and the pri­orities of national scientific ...

• Hemozoin accumulation associated with Opisthorchis felineus infection and the analysis of its role in changing the bile ducts microbiota

  ... microbiome profiling identifies an enrichment of specific enteric bacteria in Opisthorchis viverrini associated cholangiocarcinoma // EBioMedicine. 2016. Vol. 8. P. 195—202. 29. Loke P., Lim Y. A. L. Helminths and the microbiota: parts of the hygiene hypothesis // Parasite immunology. 2015. Vol. 37, № 6. P. 314—323. Saltykova I. V., Petrov V. A., Dorofeeva Yu. B., Ivanov V.V, Sazonov A. E. Opisthorchiasis, Opisthorchis felineus, hemozoin, microbiota, alpha diversity, metagenomic sequencing ...

• Geography of international clusters in the Baltic region

  ... structured international clusters in the Baltic region and map the corresponding regions. The results obtained will make it possible to get a comprehensive idea of the aggregate of international clusters existing and emerging in the region and put forward a hypothesis about the prerequisites of their formation. The methodological framework of the research is an integrated case study. The article considers the processes of transboundary and transnational regionalisation in the countries of the Baltic region ...

• Supranational party system of the EU

  The article confirms the hypothesis that a multiplicity of parties of the European and national levels forms the party system of the European Union (EU). The authors describe the main characteristics of Europarties and political groups comprised of them as key actors in the European ...

• Economic activity of the lea­ding religious organizations in Estonia

  ... access to the financial records of its religious organizations. At the same time, the population of modern Estonia (more than other countries in Northern Europe) is influenced by the processes of secularization. The aim of the study is to confirm this hypothesis using data from economic and mathematical-statistical tools. Analysis of the financial activities of the leading (in the number of objects of religious infrastructure) of adherents of the EELC and EPC MP lets us state that at the moment the ...

• Consequences and Design in General and Transcendental Logic

  ... According to the second approach (e. g., Richard Billingham, Robert Fland, Ralph Strode, Richard Lavenham), the validity of a formal consequence stems from the formal understanding of the consequent in the consequence’s antecedent. I put forward the hypothesis that in his logical taxo­nomy, Kant attempted to reconcile the substitutional interpretation of formal consequences and a formal analysis of the transcendental relations of objects of experience. However, if we interpret the limi­tations ...

• On crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of the Baltic States

  ... to analyse the deficit of legitimacy in the Baltic States not only in the context of threats to democratic institutions but also considering weaknesses of public institutions and insufficient resources to ensure stateness. This requires developing a hypothesis about smaller states ‘importing’ legitimacy from larger states and intergovernmental organisations, in whose zone of influence they are included. In other words, the EU and NATO can provide smaller states not only with economic and military ...

• Fetal behavior and the prediction of neuropsychiatric development

  ... examination during pregnancy revealed a surprising variety of fetus movements. It has been proven that the fetal activity begins at the end of the embryo period, week 7—9 of gestation. The analysis of the movemental patterns of the fetus has led to the hypothesis that these patterns directly reflect the development and maturation of the central nervous system. The 2D-4D ultrasound makes it possible to identify measurable parameters for assessing the neurological and behavioural development ofthe fetus....

• Coalition Within a Coalition: The Baltics in the European Union

  ... riders and transferring costs and political responsibility for decision-making to larger players. Such an asymmetric strategy makes it possi­ble for small powers to advance their interests within alliances and save resources. The authors test this hypothesis on the behaviour of the Baltics in the European Union. It is demonstrated that Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia have created a stable small coalition within the EU and actively form ad hoc alliances with the leading states to push union-level ...