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In this article, I consider Kant’s dichotomy between general and transcendental logic in light of a retrospective reconstruction of two approaches originating in 14th century scholasticism that are used to demarcate formal and material consequences. The first approach (e. g., John Buridan, Albert of Saxony, Marsilius of Inghen) holds that a consequence is formal if it is valid — because of its form only — for any matter. Since the matter of a consequence is linked to categorematic terms, its formal...

This report presents the features of the organisation and the main ideas of the international scientific conference “‘No Right of Sedition’. Kant and the Problem of Revolution in the 18th—21st Century Philosophy.” The conference was held at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad on November 9—10, 2017 and was dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Russian Revolution. The event was organised by the Academia Kantiana — a research unit on comparative studies on Russian...

... Imaginary Geometry of N. I. Lobachevsky and the Imaginary Logic of N. A. Vasiliev // Modern Logic. 1994. Vol. 4, № 2. P. 148—156. 18. Bloom A. Y. The Linguistic Shaping of Thought: a Study in the Impact of Language on Thinking in China and the West. Erlbaum ; Hillsdale, 1981. 19. Estany A. The Thesis of Theory-Laden Observation in the Light of Cognitive Psychology // Philosophy of Science. 2001. Vol. 68. P. 203—217. 20. Friedman M. Dynamics of Reason. Stanford, 2001. 21. Langacker R. Foundations ...

1. Васильев В. В. «Маргинальная» метафизика Канта // Логос. 1997. № 10. С. 100—107. 2. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Письма 1793—1831 // Гегель Г. В. Ф. Работы разных лет : в 2 т. М.,1971. Т. 2. 3. Гюйгенс Х. О движении тел под влиянием удара // Голин Г. М., Филонович С. Р. Классики физической науки (с древнейших времен до начала XX века). М.,1989. С. 124—128. 4. Жучков В. А. Черновые заметки // Собр. соч. : в 8 т. М., 1994. Т. 8. С. 698. 5. Кант И. Из рукописного наследия (материалы к «Критике чистого разума»...

This article analyses the features of Kant’s [transcendental] philosophy, which Kant himself described as transcendental idealism. On the one hand, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the distinction between things-in-themselves and appearances. On the other hand, our method of cognition is representative in that is based on representations — subjective and objective (objectual) ones. A synthesis of the above considerations suggests that Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the [conceptual] triad — ‘[objective]...

This article seeks to compare Immanuel Kant's and Vladimir Solovyov's gnosiologies. The comparison is based on the philosophers' attitude to reflection — a basic cognitive mechanism. If, according to Kant, the acquisition of true knowledge is impossible without reflection (including transcendental reflection), Solovyov builds his theory of knowledge on entirely different grounds, therefore, he has to rely on God and intellectual intuition in discovering the truth. Only having established the pros...

This article analyses Kant’s transcendental philosophy (transcendentalism) and its central concept — the thing in itself is the kind of concept without which it is impossible to enter Kant’s philosophy (a paraphrase of Jacobi’s maxim). Methodologically, transcendentalism implies a transcendental turn from studying [empirical] objects to analysing the [transcendental] conditions of their cognition. Metaphysically, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the crucial distinction between the thing in itself...

The article examines the following problems: 1) How well-founded is the comparison of the ideas of Kant’s essay «Towards Perpetual Peace», written in late XVIII century, with the implementation of nowadays project of European Union 2) If such parallels are possible, to what extent the structure of the EU corresponds to Kant’s vision? 3) Which Kantian ideas are of the foremost importance to future development of the EU? Basing on the analysis of Kant’s treatise and of the current structure of the...

... the discussions at the Free Philosophical Association in 1919—1921. Gordin places Cohen’s concept of man in the wide intellectual context given by the ideas of the Russian religious philosophy, German classical philosophy, Neo-Kantianism, and the West European and Jewish mysticism (cabbala). Gordin compares Cohen’s anthropodicy with Vladimir Soloviev’s one and shows that there is a similarity in their approaches. Both philosophers point out that the justification of man is possible only in ...

... by the phenomenon that would be later called the ‘Silver age of Russian phi¬losophy’ and the phenomenon of Russian philosophy abroad — a product of the wars and revolu¬tions in Russia and a result of the exodus of Russian philosophers to the West, where Germany was one of their first safe havens. 1. Ermichev, A. A. 2012, Filosofskoe soderzhanie zhurnalov russkogo Zarubezh'ja (1918—1939) [Philosophical content of the magazines of Russian émigré (1918—1939)], Saint Pe-tersburg. 2....

This article is devoted to the correlation between liberal and socialist ideas in the social and philosophical conception of the prominent methodologist of social sciences and a Neo-Kantian legal theorist Bogdan Kistyakovsky. The author stresses the uncertainty of both the definition of liberalism and the principles behind attributing concrete thinkers to this movement. The article emphasises the inconsistency of classifying Kistyakovsky’s socio-philosophical concept as liberal. The analysis performed...

Based on earlier unknown or poorly studied archival documents, this article reconstructs the post-war history of the 14th century Königsberg Cathedral and the tomb of philosopher Immanuel Kant in former Kneiphof. The study investigates the authorities’ and general public’s attitudes towards this monuments. Throughout the Soviet period until the beginning of Perestroika, the local Communist party and state authorities attempted to demolish the ruins of the Cathedral, which was damaged during the war...

Many scholars and practitioners in the sphere of the public education and upbringing in Russia addressed themselves to the philosophical-pedagogical ideas of German philosopher of Neo- Kantian movement Paul Natorp. These ideas were formulated mainly in his fundamental work “Social Pedagogy”. Vladimir Dinze relies on Natorp’s thesis of the national school as the way of accustoming “the all people to the national culture”, actualizes the heritage of Russian and Western pedagogues and philosophers and...

... durchgearbeitet und mit einem Nachwort versehen von B. Strauss. Frankfurt a/M, 1929. 38. Hermann Cohens Jüdische Schriften. Mit einer Einleitung von F. Rosenzweig / hrsg. von B. Strauss. In 3 Bd. Berlin, 1924. 39. Lewkowitz J. Hermann Cohen // Ost und West: illustrierte Monatsschrift für das gesamte Judentum. 1918. Jg. 18. H. 5/6 (Mai — Juni). Sp. 129—134. URL: http:// sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/cm/periodical/pageview/2606379 (дата обращения: 28.11.2014). 40. Rubinstein S. Eine ...

... Imaginary Geometry of N. I. Lobachevsky and the Imaginary Logic of N. A. Vasiliev // Modern Logic. 1994. Vol. 4, № 2. P. 148—156. 18. Bloom A. Y. The Linguistic Shaping of Thought: a Study in the Impact of Language on Thinking in China and the West. Erlbaum ; Hillsdale, 1981. 19. Estany A. The Thesis of Theory-Laden Observation in the Light of Cognitive Psychology // Philosophy of Science. 2001. Vol. 68. P. 203—217. 20. Friedman M. Dynamics of Reason. Stanford, 2001. 21. Langacker R. ...

The article examines the following problems: 1) How well-founded is the comparison of the ideas of Kant's treatise «Towards Perpetual Peace», written in late XVIII century, with the implementation of nowadays project of European Union? 2) If such parallels are possible, to what extent the structure of the EU corresponds to Kant's vision? 3) Which Kantian ideas are of the foremost importance to future development of the EU? Basing on the analysis of Kant's treatise and of the current structure of...

... subject” (Foucault). After Handke’s essays on Yugoslavia had been published in the Sueddeutsche Zeitung in 1996, where he supported the Serbs, he became persona non grata not only in Kosovo and Sarajevo, but also among the intellectual elite of the West. Therefore, the Nobel Prize came as a complete surprise for the author and sparked a furious protest from the world’s leading media giants. One of the conclusions of the article, based on a hermeneutic study of Handke’s works, reflects the author’s ...

The article examines M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin’s views on the phenome­non of the Old Believers. The research establishes the sources for the writer to study the everyday life and religious characteristics of the adherents of "old piety", and also highlights the background of the Western philosophy that in­fluenced the writer’s perception of their image. The article focuses on mutual­ly exclusive characteristics of the Old Belief in the author's concept and makes a conclusion about the predominantly...

This article examines the social and cultural conflict, the essence of which lies in the opposition of the intellectual and the boor in Chekhov's play “The Cherry Orchard” and in S. Mrożek play “Tango”. The comparative analysis of the works reveals the national, historical and social specificity of the conflict between the intellectual and the boor in the context of the crisis of modern Western civilization. The author concludes that the disintegration of the bourgeois ethos in Chekhov's metaphysical...

The relevance of the conducted research is determined by insufficient lev­el of knowledge of the Muslim culture and its features, typical for modern Russian society. Due to the multidimensional nature of a Muslim woman im­age, the article considers one of the aspects of its discursive representation, which is the lexical means used by the authors to portray a Muslim woman athlete. The research material comes from Russian Internet sources devoted to Muslim issues. The results of the research indicate...

The article studies intonation features of vocal form of the language. The melody of national opera music reveals inherent prosodic corrrelation with the language intonation units and their features. The two cognitive systems, namely music and language, function via intonological models (the ones char­acteristic of both music and speech) of perception. Although the vocal music melody of a national language is not fully identical to speech intonation pat­terns acoustically, it still includes a number...

Today, the term ‘localization’ is used in many studies of translations and adaptation of various Internet resources. Foreign translation agencies specialize both in translation services, and in the projects for the localization of various resources, and this fact emphasizes the practical importance of this process. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of localization in modern translation theory. To achieve this goal, we have reviewed Russian and foreign papers on localization, studied...

... Who Are Visually Impaired // Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 2008. Vol. 102, № 8. Р. 459—471. 16. Rizzolatti G., Fogassi L., Gallese V. Mirrors in the Mind // Scientific American. 2006. Vol. 295, iss. 5. Р. 54—61. 17. Waterfield J., West B. Meeting the specific requirements of Blind and Partially Sighted Students studying in Higher Education in the UK University of Plymouth. Plymouth, 2008. URL: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5a0e/c1c763420983e97.aed67a8613a1dcfbff62f.pdf1763353 ...

The article explores the meaning and functions of photography in W. G. Se­bald's works exemplified by his novels “The Rings of Saturn” and “Auster­litz”. The relevance of the study of the intermediary component, the photo­graphic one, in the novels of the German writer is confirmed by the abundance of works on this problem written by Western literary critics. Early novels of W. G. Sebald have been studied in more detail. Photography performs an illus­trative function in them. In “The Ring of Saturn”...

In the sources that guide the Masons, and in the sources that they pro­duce themselves, the term “Word” dominates in the meaning of a “text, an idea or a communicative unit”. This determines the importance of the re­search. Its purpose is to identify the characteristics of the perception of the Word by the Masons, that is, to discover the typology of the unit and its func­tions. To achieve the goal, the methods of semantic, contextual and communi­cative analysis were used, allowing in their totality...

The author studies commercial documents (Smolensk, 17th century) from the perspective of anthropolinguistics and sociolinguistics to trace the development of the official anthroponymic formula in the western region of Russia. At that time, Smolensk was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The article places emphasis on the specifics of the naming process. 1. Бахвалова Т. В. Из истории развития личных имен в Белозерье (На материале письменности ХVI—ХVII вв.) // Проблемы ономастики : cб. науч...

This article is devoted to the terminological analysis of F. de Saussure's 1872—1911 authentic texts. A component analysis makes it possible to identify the characteristics of formation of general linguistic terms. It is established that F. de Saussure's terminology (118 preterms) is based on existing lexical units of different systems. Tectological mechanisms transformed Saussure’s terminology into a linguistic terminological system consisting of 36 scientific terms. 1. Cardona T. R. Négativité...

... Big Data Initiative Delivers Improved Learning Engagement and Outcomes // Skillsoft — eLearning: Online training. URL: http://www.skillsoft.com/about/press_room/press_releases/november_18_14_ibm . asp (дата обращения: 07.11.2017). 15. West D. M. Big Data for Education: Data Mining, Data Analytics, and Web Dashboards / Brookings Institution. Reuters, 2012. 16. World Internet Users Statistics and 2017 World Population Stats // Internet world stats. URL: http://www.internetworldstats....

... metaphysics completing itself, together with Platonic motifs and the esthetic diagnosis of the «death of light» in the 20th century (H. Zedlmayr), form the poetology of light in Murdoch’s works in the context of the abandonment of Beingthemed in the West European art and culture of the 20th century. 1. Зедльмайр Х. Смерть света // Зедльмайр Х. Утрата середины. М., 2008. С. 371—573. 2. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности ...

In the conditions of the modern sociocultural reality, inclusive education is one of the most relevant forms of education for all children, including nontypical ones. This study aims at conducting a comparative analysis of the conceptual framework of the social and pedagogical determinants of inclusive education. The article describes the author’s understanding of the concept of non-typical children and compares different interpretations of key factors of inclusive education. The main pedagogical...

This article deals with the balance and misbalance of the English and Russian biblical idioms as regards their stylistic colouring. The idea is put forward that the misbalance can be accounted for by the different priorities of the Western and Eastern cultural traditions. 1. Апресян Ю. Д. Образ человека по данным языка: попытка системного описания // Вопросы языкознания. 1995. № 1. С. 37—67. 2. Береговская Э. М. Очерки по экпрессивному синтаксису. М., 2004. 3. Берестнев Г. И. Ценностные концепты...

The article considers the allegorical image of Berlin in the contemporary german novel. It is discussed how apocalyptic images are used to create the urban space of Berlin by the western ad eastern writers after the reunification. Special emphasis is given to the contemporary concept of the antiutopian urbanization. 1. Baumgart R. Quasi Stasi. Wolfgang Hilbigs Vermutungen über die Welt und sein Roman «Ich». URL: http://www. zeit. de/1993/41/quasi-stasi (дата обращения: 05.12.2012)...

This article describes the features of parental support as a socio-psychological phenomenon and its relation to psychosomatic health (depression, anxiety, and somatization) in children and adolescents. The author presents a probability structural- functional model of parental support covering its content, components, and functions. Congruity, accessibility, and complementarity are suggested as efficiency criteria. 1. Холмогорова А. Б. Интегративная психотерапия расстройств аффективного спектра....

The present paper describes the influence of Scandinavian, Celtic and Classical mythological traditions on the characters of giants in English folk tale discourse. The elements of archaic beliefs are represented in the inner form of nominations and attributes of folk tale giants. Borrowed motifs are subjected to varying degrees of transformation in folk tale discourse and depend upon cultural and historical development of the English ethnos. 1. Голованов И. А. Константы фольклорного сознания в устной...

The article discusses the major areas of theoretical research by foreign scholars (historians, sociologists, political scientists and other specialists), who are engaged in the study of the history of the Kaliningrad region of the So­viet period and use the category Homo sovieticus (the Soviet man). The first part of the article covers the history of the concept “Soviet people”, ac­ti­vely used by the Soviet researchers in 1970s-1980s. The second part describes the understanding of “Homo sovieticus”...

This article examines an extensive collection of 46 letters sent by Alexey N. Veselovsky to Alexander N. Pypin (found in IRL RAS (Saint Petersburg)) and 47 letters of Alexander N. Pypin to Alexey N. Veselovsky (found in RSL (Moscow)). The epistolary heritage of the famous Moscow literary critic Ale­xey N. Veselovsky has not yet been studied. Using the materials of his episto­lary exchange with the literary historian and academician Alexander N. Pypin we have outlined this scientific and literary...

... France and the current political situation is revealed by the example of the journalistic works of Abbé de Pradt. The article sees Russophobia as a mechanism for solving French problems. It is also concluded that the image of Russia created in the West was, on the one hand, very stable and based on ingrained stereotypes of perception. On the other hand, this image depended on the political situation. The image of Russia created by Abbé de Pradt turned out to be very elastic, mobile, dependent ...

... // The New York Times. URL: https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/09/world/middleeast/for-abbas- palestinian-election-may-be-easy-part.html (дата обращения: 02.03.2020). 6. Frisch H. Countdown to Statehood: Palestinian State Formation in the West Bank and Gaza. SUNY Press, 2012. 7. Iqtait A. Aid and its limits in Palestine // The Interpreter. URL: https://www . lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/palestinian-aid-dwindling-dollars-delivering-little- durable-development (дата обращения: ...

The geography of modern innovation processes increasingly covers not only megalopolises and large industrial cities, but also rural areas. The issue of innovative development of the countryside has acquired particular prominence in the context of securing human capital and preventing the marginalization of rural settlements, though creating a favorable environment for life and business in particular. At the initial stage, the innovation of rural areas is associated with the diffusion and implementation...

The confessional space of regions and countries is dynamically changing and acquiring new characteristics. But these changes and the factors that de­termine them are not fully reflected in academic research. One of the least studied topics is the economic activity of confessions. Estonia is one of the few countries in the Baltic region where religion has not been a public institution until nowadays, therefore it hasn’t provided access to the financial records of its religious organizations. At...

The article is a review of the body of literature published in Finland dur­ing the 1990s — 2010s, describing the evolution of Finland's foreign policy to­wards the USSR in the last decade of the Cold War. The author identifies chronological stages of the study of Finland’s policy towards the Soviet Union and analyses the most relevant themes, which were the subject of attention of Finnish historians and historiographers. The author characterizes each histo­riographic period, its main topics and key...

The article examines the volunteer movement from European countries to Greece in order to assess its role in the revolution of 1821—1830. The study relies on the proclamations of the rebels, diplomatic documents, materials of the Philhellenic committees, the press, diaries, memoirs and correspondence of contemporaries. The author analyzes the background, organization, funding sources, the nature of the participation of volunteers in hostilities. The study used historical-genetic and historical-comparative...

The article examines the causes and results of mass repressions of Arme­nians in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the XIX century. The connection of the national liberation movement in Western Armenia and Crete was re­vealed. The power methods of diplomacy in European countries were ana­lyzed. 1. Архив внешней политики Российской империи (АВПРИ). Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 3440. 2. АВПРИ. Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 894. 3. АВПРИ. Ф. 137. Оп. 475. Д. 124. 4. АВПРИ. Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 897. 5. Российский государственный...

The article analyzes the role of a group of factors related to the determination of Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian position in relation to each other, as well as to the international processes of European politics of the historical period of 1991–2014 in the formation of their foreign policy. The author establishes that the factor of European integration started to determine the policy of Baltic states towards their neighbours yet in times of their preparartion for the EU accession. The factor...

The economic and demographic situation in the Kaliningrad region is better than in most regions of the country. The dynamic economic deve­lop­ment results in high employment and low unemployment rates. The demand for labour force is partially satisfied through high net migration rate. Ho­we­ver, there are obvious distinctions between municipalities. Having analyzed the statistical data on the situation in urban districts, the authors identified ter­ritorial differences, influencing the economic and...

The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular uprisings in France before the Fronde, which was well received abroad and provoked long-standing dispute among the his­torians. Other works of Porshnev evoked a much more moderate reaction from foreign colleagues. The paper outlines the main objections...

The development of the Kaliningrad region, Russian exclave in the Baltic, is significantly influenced by foreign policy factors. The deterioration of rela­tions between Russia and the West has led to a reduction in the region's eco­nomic ties with the neighbouring Baltic States. The coastal position of the re­gion has enabled the development of foreign trade relations with East Asian and Latin American States. Diversification of ...

In this article, I address the functions and the framework for the operations of the Kokand branch of the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank. Soviet historiography considered banks as a tool of ‘colonialism’ – both Western and Russian. Using archival data, I prove that the financial institutions of the Russian Empire took into account local circumstances and encouraged exportoriented production. I examine interbank correspondence, annual reports by the director of the branch, and branch audit reports. This...

The region's mechanical engineering contributes most to the rapid and efficient transition from the previous to the subsequent technological level and it was chosen as the object of the current research. The authors identify technological safety within more general scope of national security typology. The article reflects on the empirical data on the scale of mechanical engineering development in industrialized countries. The analysis of import flows of the North-Western subjects of the RF revealed...

The article focuses on the analysis of information of the Russian and Western travelers to Central Asia in the 18th — beginning of the 20th centuries on state and law of that region. The goal is a substantiation of the travelers’ notes value as historical evidence of state and law of the Central Asia which allows to study actual relations in administration and legal regulation. The author applies some basic research methods: historical legal, formal legal and comparative legal approaches, content...