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... Accounts of Thought Experiments. In: M. T. Stuart, Y. Fehige and J. R. Brown, eds. 2018. The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments. London & New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, pp. 327-341. Diamond, C., 2000. Ethics, Imagination, and the Method of Wittgenstein’s Tractatus. In: A. Crary and R. Read, eds. 2000. The New Wittgenstein. London & New York: Routledge, pp. 149-173. Dragalina-Chernaya, E. G., 2020. Colours in Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Logical Space. Voprosy Filosofii, 6, pp. 146-156....

... thinking in J. G. Fichte’s Science of Knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre) (1794/95). The fundamental characteristics of scientific thinking in Cohen’s teaching include: purity, focus on the “fact of science”, the origin (Ursprung), the infinitesimal method, continuity, movement, production, correlation, intensive magnitude, interrelation of thinking and being. According to Cohen, scientific thinking can only be pure and generated by the origin. The origin is continuous action (movement) of thinking ...

... Dmitrieva, N. A., 2021. The Kantian Origins of Sergei Rubinstein’s Theory of Moral Improvement. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 55(6), pp. 1126-1141. Edel, G., 2002. Fichte — Marburger Neukantianismus (insbesondere Natorp) und die philosophische Methode. In: D. Pätzold and Ch. Krijnen, eds. 2002. Der Neukantianismus und das Erbe des deutschen Idealismus: Die philosophische Methode. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, pp. 35-47. Edel, G., 2013. Zum Fichte-Bild im Marburger Neukantianismus. In: ...

... 424-433. 10. Herder, J. G., 1883, Briefe zur Beförderung der Humanität (1. Sammlung. Brief 21. 1792). In: Sämmtliche Werke, hg. von B. Suphan, Bd. 18. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, pp. 324-327. 11. Hinske, N., 2011. Kants Glaube an die macht der Methode. Zum Zusammenhang von dogmatischer, polemischer, skeptischer und kritischer Methode im Denken Kants. In: Ch. Böhr, H. P. Delfosse, eds. 2011. Facetten der Kantforschung. Ein internationaler Querschnitt. Festschrift für Norbert Hinske zum 80....

In his popular 1806 lectures on religion Fichte considered five possible worldviews in the second of which, “the standpoint of legality”, one can readily recognise the ethics of law of the Stoical and Kantian type. Fichte stresses that in his youth he himself shared this worldview. However, he hastens to adduce a series of original arguments to show that this position is essentially incapable of delivering a pure and higher moral doctrine. I examine the substance of these critical arguments in the...

... 1915. N 20. S. 1—28. 25. Hartmann N. (Besprechungen) Sesemann, Wilhelm. Die logischen Gesetze und das Sein // Kant-Studien. 1933. N 38. S. 227—232. 26. Hartmann N. (Hrsg.). Systematische Philosophie. Stuttgart; Berlin, 1942. 27. Hartmann N. Zur Methode der Philosophiegeschichte // Kant-Studien. 1910. N 15. S. 459—486. 28. Heller J. (Besprechungen) Klatzkin, Jacob. Thesaurus Philosophicus Linguae Hebraicae et veteris et recentioris // Kant-Studien. 1933. N 38. S. 184—185. 29. Hessen S. Individuelle ...

Die moderne Kant-Forschung der letzten Jahrzehnte hat zu einer Neuinterpretation der theoretischen Grundlagen von Kants Metaphysik bzw. Erkenntnistheorie der Erfahrung geführt. Diese Deutungen können zu einer modifizierten Wiederbelebung und Neueinsetzung der Kantischen Erkenntnistheorie im Sinne eines kritischen Restrealismus und zu einer modernen konstruktivistischen Umdeutung von Kants transzendentalphilosophischem Ansatz Anlass bieten, die — mit relativ geringer „Liberalisierung“ und Modifikation...

1. Natorp P. Allegemeine Psychologie nach kritischer Methode. 1. Buch: Objekt und Methode der Psychologie. Tübingen, 1912. 2. Natorp P. Philosophische Systematik. Hamburg, 2000. 3. Natorp P. Platos Ideenlehre: Eine Einführung in den Idealismus. Hamburg, 2004. 4. Natorp P. Selbstdarstellung // Die deutsche ...

In his recent paper, “Things in Themselves: An Interim Report,” Robert Howell says that a philosophically satisfactory resolution of all-too-familiar problems about Kant’s views on the object of knowledge and the nature of things-in-themselves should meet three conditions: (1) it should be reasonably faithful to Kant’s views, (2) it must show that his views are internally consistent and his major arguments are valid, and (3) it must not rest on premises that are themselves philosophically implausible...

In modern theoretical analytical philosophy, the interest in Kant is primarily due to discussions on the nature of sensory perceptions, on the epistemological status of experience, and on the so-called ‘constructivism’. The conflict of interpretations goes so far that some consider Kant to be a conceptualist, while others consider him an anti-conceptualist. For some, he is an internalist and, for others, an externalist. For some, he is a constructivist and, for others is a realist. This paper develops...

This article revisits the ratio-centric system developed by the prominent exponent of the German enlightenment J. Chr. Gottsched (1700—1766). The authors examine the problem of the ontological argument in the context of the current civilizational crisis of consciousness, which arose against the background of the 20th century crisis of objectivist methodology of modern natural sciences. Such a methodology is incapable of solving the problem of an accurate description of the reality, in particular...

... A. de Lazari]. Warsaw, p. 357—359. 32. Hanuszkiewicz W. 2011, Filozofia Hermanna Cohena w perspektywie sporu o jednosc metody transcendentalnej [Hermann Cohen’s philosophy in the perspective on the dispute about the unity of the transcendental method]. Warsaw. 33. Hartmann N. 2007, Zarys metafizyki poznania. Pier. E. Drzazgowskiej, P. Piszczatow-skie¬go [Outlines of a metaphysics of knowledge. Trans. E. Drzazgowska, P. Piszczatowski]. Warsaw. 34. Kaminski S. 1993, Wspolczesne metody metafizyki ...

Kant’s transcendental philosophy (transcendentalism) focuses on both the human method of cognition in general [CPR, B 25] and certain types of cognition aimed at justifying their objective significance. This article aims to explicate Kant’s understanding (resp. justification) of the abstract nature of mathematical knowledge (cognition) ...

This article considers early Schopenhauer’s polemic against Kant's epistemology and views on the objectives and methods of philosophy. The crucial influence of this polemic and Kant’s works on the development of Schopenhauer’s philosophy is stressed. The author investigates Schopenhauer’s reception of the above aspects of Kant’s philosophy in 1811—1813 ...

... artistic phenomena. Kant’s thesis about ‘disinterested liking’ and the correlation between Kant’s definitions of art and cognition are considered. Kant distinguishes between aesthetic judgment and cognition, whereas Gadamer defines art as a method of cognition, an event that can become genuine under the condition of maximum of understanding. The author analyses the key categories of aesthetics — taste, play, and the beautiful. It is concluded that Kant understands the category of play ...

This paper deals with the methodological and ontological significance of transcendentalism. The author advocates the understanding of transcendental philosophy as ontology and presents a critique of the interpretation given by David Carr, who attached a merely methodological significance to the concept of the ‘transcendental’. Within this interpretation, this paper considers the problem of differences between the ontological aspects of Immanuel Kant’s critical philosophy and Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology...

... manifestation of the absolute spirit, and the empiricist concept of time as an ordered flow of events), on the one hand, and to seek new criteria for the philosophical understanding of time, on the other. Chicherin suggested that metaphysics resort to the methods of natural sciences. He believed that the rigour and logic of natural sciences would rule out subjectivism and help to marry the temporality of the phenomenon and the object. For Chicherin, time is both an attribute of the absolute spirit and ...

... Coherence Theory of Truth. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1973. 18. Rorty, 1980: Rorty R. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1980. 19. Russell, 1914: Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. Reprinted in: Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. L. : Allen & Unwin, 1949. 20. Russell, 1924: Russell B. Logical Atomism // Contemporary British Philosophy. First Series....

... Mathematics / ed. by Galavotti M. C. Napoli, 1991. 17. Rescher N. The Coherence Theory of Truth. Oxford, 1973. 18. Rorty R. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Oxford, 1980. 19. Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. Reprinted in Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. L., 1949. 20. Russell B. Logical Atomism // Contemporary British Philosophy. First Series. L., 1924. 21. Russell B. Sceptical ...

... complexity of the poetic image goes beyond the conceptual transfer between the source and target mental spaces. Examining the case of Pärnu Elegies (1981) by David Samoylov, the article demonstrates the necessity of completing the conceptual blending method by the poet’s diaries and personal correspondence data. Adhering to the interdisciplinary transfer theory (V. V. Feshchenko) the article borrows the literary studies category of hypotext (G. Genette) to perform the linguistic analysis. Combining ...

The review of the subject field of research and publications in the field of music education for the blind and visually impaired presented in the t national database- aims to establish the boundaries of the subject field and identify gaps in this area of educational research through multi-stage electronic search based on keywords, manual search in journals, conference proceedings and dissertations for the period from 2010 to 2022. The research activity in this field tends to become more dynamic,...

... fatigue is a con­dition, which in itself is not a disease and does not require treatment. Howev­er, in people with poor health, it can be considered as a symptom of a health disorder. The review of literature on sensory fatigue allows us to identify methods for the study of its qualitative and quantitative characteristics, as well as to develop psychological and pedagogical methods and approaches to reducing it in people with health conditions.

... however, is not sufficient for day-to-day medical practice. To develop as professionals, students need so-called universal competencies. Before constructing a new model of studying a discipline, it was im-portant to know what students thought of current methods of knowledge as-sessment. Two hundred seventy students were surveyed to explore their attitudes to testing, working with digital anatomical maps, and a possible improvement of the training process by using interactive 3D anatomical atlases and ...

This paper describes the design and theoretical algorithm of assessing the level of professional competences in the military based on modelling in matlab fuzzy logic toolbox. The presented method of fuzzy modelling makes it possible to improve the modelling of different educational objects and processes and takes into account the human factor. In education, the method can be more effective that the results of system modelling. 1. Барашков ...

This article analyses and defines the essence of professional culture of specialists in advertising and public relations. The author describes the content of methodological approaches to its development and considers the significance of each approach to studying the problem. The author stresses the need to use the axiological, cultural, integrated, context, professional, and image approaches to the formation of professional culture in future advertising and public relations specialists. 1. Балакирева...

This article considers discourse as a category giving a new perspective on the text. The author analyses various concepts of discourse, which were developed over the last decades within the cognitive, constructivist-poststru-cturalist, and neo-rhetorical approaches. Despite being based on different methodological principles, the concepts analysed in a text have a common ground: they focus on the same research object, namely, the text. Mono- and transtextual discourse models make it possible to transgress...

This article analyses the results of an international project aimed at fa-miliarizing Kaliningrad teachers with the Polish multicultural education practices. The author stresses the potential of a number of methods and tech-niques, including the project method. The article addresses the teachers’ pre-paredness for multicultural and intercultural education. The author analyses the applicability of the European – in particular, Polish, practices – in ...

The article considers the distinctive features of technical training with apparatus in groups of initial rhythmic gymnastics training. These features include the characteristics of children’s’ training session organization and the requirements for the technical performance and training of students. The author comes to the conclusion that the availability of equipment and persistent mastering of new techniques is of great importance in working with children. The development of manipulative skills...

The article examines the key methodological problems in the design of new educational infrastructure for labor training and education of youth in the global economy. Through comparative historical and pedagogical approach, the author shows how to overcome the most difficult issues of developing the infrastructure components of a modern system of labor training and education of youth. 1. Исследовательский проект «Форсайт образования-2030». URL: http://www.slideshare.net/MetaverMedia/2030—8031807...

This article examines the psychological aspect of criteria for evaluating an individual’s position within the structure of relations in the community they belong to. The author shows how statistical methods used in analyzing social networks can help obtain information on the degree and type of the individual’s involvement into the system of relations and identifies the psychological significance of the actor’s centrality within a social network ...

This article proposes a methodology for the qualimetric evaluation of students’ achievements developed within IKBFU’s project “The development of an independent qualimetric system of assessing academic achievements of students and evaluating the academic staff” (the project team included V.V. Nordin, A.V. Yurov, N.V. Belkina, and K.L. Polupan). The proposed methodology uses a comprehensive approach to identifying quality levels of individual components of student activities and the total of their...

The article presents the methods of the assessment of students' laboratory works in the framework of “Modern Information Technologies in Physical Culture and Sports” discipline at IKSUR. The author analyses the practical preconditions of the elaboration of these methods and ...

... conducted at Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University. The distinctive feature of the innovative technology of physical culture formation for students with limited motor activity is a complex use of traditional and non-traditional recreational methods during practical physical training classes at universities as well as of active training methods during theoretical classes. 1. Селевко Г.   К. Современные образовательные технологии: учебное ...

The article deals with the theoretic and methodological background of projecting pedagogic technologies into the framework of the linguist training curricula. It reveals the main trends of the educational process, as well as approaches to understanding major intrinsic constituents and structure of educational projection. 1.  Гершунский Б.   С. Философия образования для XXI века. М., 1998. 2.  Ильин В.   В. Педагогические основы проектирования информационного образовательного ресурса для современной...

This article examines the preconditions for applying humanities methods in the field of physical education and describes the basic features identifying humanities methods as a research and education phenomenon, the principles of their development, and the conditions and requirements for their application in physical ...

This article considers methodological bases for the analysis of the potential of organisations in a dynamic environment. The author examines the factors ensuring stable competitive advantages and analyses the role of intangible assets, first of all, such unique assets as organisational and managerial skills, in the structure of the potential. The article also considers the key feature of the development of educational centre potential. 1. Друкер П. Ф. Задачи менеджмента в XXI веке / пер. с англ...

This article addresses the experience of applying patient education methods in the development of healthy lifestyle attitude. 1. Бажин Е.   В . Метод исследования уровня субъективного контроля // Пси­хологический журнал. 1984. №   3. С. 152—162....

Due to the rapid criminalization of credit relations and the widespread theft of bank loans, committed mainly by groups of fraudsters, the forensic sci­ence faces a serious problem of developing an effective method for investigat­ing crimes of this nature. The method must include recommendations for identifying signs of complicity, defining the group of people involved in the theft, their arrest and proof of guilt. At the same time, the research of this ...

The proposed article attempts to determine the possibilities of reducing the level of contradiction between a person’s need for security and the a priori conflictogenic state of the system of international relations, which is in a state of permanent variability. Assumed as methodological “keys” of the study, preference is given to the methodology of the anthropological measurement of international relations, which allowed us to conclude that the anthropology of international relations does not deny...

The article investigates the crime situation as an object of focus of crimi­nological and criminal justice measures of crime prevention. The methodology of the research relied on both general scientific methods (logical and systemic methods, method of analysis) and the method of formal legal analysis for in­terpreting the norms of criminal procedure and criminal law. The author demonstrates the growing attention to the crime situation, and this awareness ...

... on the information flow of scientific publica­tions and to optimize navigation in the publication space at various spatial levels. The aim of this work is to identify centers for the generation of scien­tific knowledge in Russia using scientometric methods, as well as to classify regions by the level of scientific productivity. The bibliographic and abstract database Scopus and the analytical toolkit Scival were taken as a data source. The study revealed the spatial distribution of new knowledge ...

... politics. Through the implementation of a comprehensive socio-political study, an assessment of the level of state-civil identity of student youth in some federal districts is given, which turned out to be possible thanks to the use of the mass survey method. As a result, it was revealed that the study participants demonstrate a high level of state and civic identity. The fo­cus-group method has shown its consistency in studying how this value ori­entation in the political consciousness of student ...

... portrait. In this research, the author attempts to experimentally investigate the nature of cross-cultural interaction in master­ing a macro-mediator language in the academic discourse. A sce­nario of the standardized interview has been used as a method of research. The sce­nario features various factors of personality self-actualization during mas­tering macro-mediator language. Among many topics discussed during the inter­views, there were the following ones: “Existential orientation towards ...

The article focuses on the theoretical aspects of the development of behavioral geoeconomics as a new area of interdisciplinary research. The authors attempt to introduce the “strategic economic behavior” construct into scientific circulation. The approach is based on the results of empirical and theoretical verification of the methodological individualism postulate. According to researchers, the experimental data suggest that the behavior of the state cannot be narrowed down to the behavior of individuals...

The author explores separate aspects of the genesis of testimony. Obtain­ing reliable testimony from witnesses is the main objecting of this research. The author reflects on the latest developments in science, which expand a range of methods used for studying human psyche and personality as a source of information about the crime event. Based on the analysis of the current methods for obtaining reliable testimony, the author draws a conclusion on the need to develop the theoretical ...

... generator is the source of this mechanism for the production of the appropriate models. 1. Calvin minds in the making. URL: https://www.calvin.edu/~pribeiro/ othrlnks/Fuzzy/history.htm (дата обращения: 22.04.2019). 2. Challoumis C. Methods of Controlled Transactions and the Behavior of Com­panies According to the Public and Tax Policy // Economics. 2018. № 6(1). Р. 33—43. doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2018—0003 . 3. Challoumis C. The arm's length principle and the fixed ...

The book review analyses the institutional project research methodology. The proposed methodology is based on the use of systemic analysis and deci­sion-making theory. A modern approach to the study of an institutional pro­ject and an invest­ment project as complex systems under uncertainty condi­tions has been used. Their comprehensive assessment is considered in many aspects: political, economic, social, military-strategic and generalizing institu­tional. 1. Итоговый доклад о результатах работы...