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This article presents the results of a study into changes in prices for goods constituting the minimum consumer basket. The analysis uses the indicative method based on studying variations in the chain growth rate of prices, trends method, and time series variation. The calculations made it possible to describe changes in prices for staple food in the Kaliningrad region over the past ten years. 1. Борисова ...

This article is devoted to the innovative concept of managing modern industrial enterprises as economic systems, namely, integrated controlling. The author presents a methodological framework for the implementation of the integrated controlling theory. Possible uses of the mathematical apparatus in studying integrated controlling are shown. Static and dynamic characteristics of integrated controlling as a complex system are described. A mathematical model of such system is constructed. 1. Акимова...

The article considers the history of George Boole’s main philosophical conception consisting in using his logical-algebraic and theoretical-probabilistic methods in modelling thought processes. Despite the project’s failure, current developments in computer science and programming have surprisingly confirmed Boole’s ideas on the applicability of rigorous methods of logical calculus in the explication ...

This article addresses the relevant issues of using the modelling method in investigating criminal fires and classifies it. The authors identify the modelling and reconstruction methods in the system of criminal fire investigation. An analysis of the correlation between modelling and reconstruction is conducted. New ...

... of useful materials engaged in the technological pro-cesses and found in waste and their restoration for reuse. Recycling of the re-source cycle waste is required to achieve to goals: saving natural resources and protecting natural systems. Different methods for treating the collected waste depending on its type gave been developed in Western Europe. A necessary prerequisite for recycling is early sorting. The most popular methods of waste storage and disposal are tailings, sludge dumps, landfills,...

This article proposes a practical method for estimating the regional asymmetry of small and medium business development and presents the results of its approbation in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia. The author makes a conclusion that small and medium business is developing ...

This article analyses the theoretical framework of studying suicide as a social phenomenon. The author examines the social grounds for suicide in the concepts of E. Durkheim, R. Merton, A. Schopenhauer, and E. Fromm and described the methodological principles of studying suicide as a social practice in the sociological discourse of deviant behavior. 1. Кант И. Метафизика нравов в двух частях // И. Кант. Соч. : в 6 т. М.,1965. Т. 4, ч. 2. С. 107—438. 2. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности...

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the methodological framework of S. L. Frank’s philosophical reflection of culture. The basic principle of the philosopher’s methodology is the idea of “antinomic monodualism”, which interprets the ontological content of culture as a dual unity of the real and divine senses. 1.  Буббайер Ф. С.   Л. Франк. Жизнь и творчество русского философа. 1877—1950. М., 2001. 2.  Гайденко П.   П . Метафизика конкретного всеединства, или Абсолютный реализм С...

... программирование. М., 1968. 2. Исследование операций / под ред. Дж. Моулдера, С. Элмаграби. М., 1981. 3. Hwang Ching-Lai, Lin Ming-Jeng. Group Decision Making under Multiple Criteria:  Methods and Applications. Berlin; Heidelberg, 1987. 4. Quinn J. B., Voyer J. Logical Incremenalism: Managing Strategy Formation. The strategy process. Prentice Hall, 1994.

... Federation: legal systems and all its structures, legislative system and all its structures, the system of public administration; electronic system of legal information collecting, processing, storage, systematisation and dissemination. The author offers to methods to improve the inner structure of the legal classifiers of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation: (a) possible changes in the organisation of regulatory material alongside with the conservation of today’s approaches to comprising ...

The authors consider peculiarities and methodological approaches to scientific maintenance of a branch taking as an example the agriculture of the Kaliningrad region being the exclave region of Russia. 1.  Бильчак В.   С., Дупленко Н.   Г. Предпринимательство региона / под ред. В.   С. Бильчака. Калининград, 2008. 2.  История сельского хозяйства Калининградской области / под ред. Ю.   С. Шалимова, А.   Л. Гусева, А.   В. Романова. Калининград, 2006. 3.  Калининградская область в цифрах. 2008...

This article considers methodological approaches to regional studies, in particular, functional, system, organisational, and strategic ones. The author determines the properties and concepts of a region as an agent of the development and formation of strategic objectives. 1. Изард У. Методы регионального анализа: введение в науку о регионах. М., 1966. 2. Шеховцева Л.   С. Управляемое развитие региона: стратегическое целепола­гание: монография. Калининград, 2005. 3. Шеховцева Л.   С. Стратегическое...

This article analyses the decision-making process in the field of formation and development of organisations’ potential and justifies the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process. The author considers the key stages of the implementation of this method and evaluates the advantages of its application in comparison to other multicriteria alternative assessment methods. 1.  Дэвид Г.   Метод парных сравнений / пер. с англ.; под ред. Ю. Адлера. М....

... article analyses statistical data about bиrglaries are investigated and generalised. The initial stage of investigation and the typical errors supposed by inspectors at investigation of crimes of the given kind is analyzed. The expediency of use of a method of modelling as the synthesising beginning capable considerably to raise efficiency of disclosing and investigation of bиrglaries is proved. It is underlined necessity of use of the situational approach and crime studying for three phases: precriminal,...

.... At present, microalgae have not been studied well enough. Thus, the purpose of this project was to study the physicochemical properties of microalgae of the Baltic Sea in the Kaliningrad region. The amount of protein was determined by the Bradford method, while lipids were assessed by the Folch method. As a result of the work, it was proved that the maximum value of the indicator — optical density — was noted in the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Pleurochrysis carterae and Arthrospira platensis ...

... water pollution assessment, can be roughly divided into 2 groups: qualitative (concentration of chemicals) and quantitative (mass of che­mi­cals). If the concentrations of certain chemicals can be obtained in labo­ra­to­ry conditions, using the methods described in the regulatory documents adop­ted in the territory of the Russian Federation, then obtaining their mass indicators, for a certain period of time, is not a trivial task. The main methods for calculating this characteristic indicate ...

.... However, spatial isolation from other Russian regions causes, firstly, a greater dependence on external geoeconomic and geopolitical factors and, secondly, a clearer manifestation of the patterns of spatial differentiation in the economy. Research methods are based on the spatio-temporal analysis of statistical data, using methods of comparative geographic diagnostics. The article shows a deeper decline in agricultural production in the region during the crisis years of the 1990s and increased ...

Structuring information is critical to learning the difference between the countries of the world. The typology is one of the scientific methods of systematizing information. Selecting a typological attribute becomes a major challenge of methodology for creating a typology due to the richness of information. This article provides an example of the typology of the countries based on their ...

... The authors gave an overview of the relevant publications in the RSCI and PubMed databases and well-acknowledged textbooks. Spleen elastometry is not described in current clinical guidelines, so the authors of publications rely on their own research methods and get different results. The authors provide a systematization of the research methodology, the values of stiffness for the norm and in the conditions of various diseases. Factors affect­ing the results of stiffness measurement in healthy volunteers ...

... Russia (2010—2021)” contributed to an increase in the economic efficiency of the transport industry in the region and, as a consequence, to an increase in the level of investment attractiveness. Using the classical economic and geographical research methods, the authors come to the conclusion that result-wise the regions under study are heterogeneous. Given the combination of the basic territorial growth factors, the coastal regions of the European part of Russia, where large urbanized spaces have ...

... children // Pediatr. Radiol. 2013. Vol. 43 (5). P. 539—544. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2553-5. 13. Huang Z., Zheng J., Zeng J. et al. Normal liver stiffness in healthy adults asses­sed by real-time shear wave elastography and factors that influence this method // Ultrasound Med. Biol. 2014. Vol. 40 (11). P. 2549—2555. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio. 2014.05.008. 14. Karlas T., Pfrepper C., Wiegand J. et al. Acoustic radiation force impulse imag­ing (ARFI) for non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis: ...

... number of validated sources, liver length varies greatly depending on the modalities and techniques used by the ultrasound specialist. Ultrasound liver size measurement has not become a routine procedure since a reliable and reproducible ultrasound method has not been established so far. The article describes the results of different methods of liver size measurement and as well as variations in the normal size depending on the age of the patient and his/her body type. 1. Бузина А. М. Линейные ...

... transplantation lifetime assessment of liver volume is of great interest. The volume of the liver is a sensitive indicator for ectopic fat deposition and metabolic syndrome in obesity. Manual assessment of liver volume using percussion and palpation methods has disadvantages associated with the reliability and accuracy of the study, particularly in obese patients. Using formulas based on anthropometric measurements, it is possible to calculate the estimated size of a normal liver. Accurate non-invasive ...

... impulse imaging versus transient elastography // Radiology. 2009. Vol. 252 (2). P. 595—604. 21. Goertz R. S., Zopf Y., Jugl V. et al. Measurement of liver elasticity with acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technology: An alternative noninvasive method for staging liver fibrosis in viral hepatitis // Ultraschall in der Medizin. 2010. Vol. 31 (2). P. 151—155. 22. Goertz R. S., Sturm J., Pfeifer L. et al. ARFI cut-off values and significance of standard deviation for liver fibrosis staging in ...

... T., Esterman A., Thoirs K. A. Ultrasound measurements of the liver: an intra and inter-rater reliability study // Australian journal of ultrasound in medicine. 2014. Vol. 17, № 3. P. 113—119. 11. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Phillips M. et al. Methods of determining the size of the adult liver using 2D ultrasound: a systematic review of articles reporting liver measurement techniques // J. Diagn. Med. Sonogr. 2014. Vol. 30. P. 296—306. 12. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner ...

The previous research work of the team (M. V. Martinovich et al.) developed a new formula for in vivo liver volume calculating using the genetic algorithm method. The purpose of this work was the integration of the formula in the automatic ultrasound diagnostic work station (AWS) "Assistant”. To achieve the goal, a number of the research objectives have been set. The possibility of assessing the ...

The method of ground shores monitoring includes a set of activities on local sites with reference to a network of reference benchmarks. The greatest amount of information is given by the data of the transverse shore leveling. The combination of a number of ...

This article estimates the density of eventoed ungulates in the Curonian Spit national park and their distribution in the studied area. The density was calculated through the method of pellet count. The census of the mammal pop-ulation through the method of drive count was conducted alongside the daily monitoring of population. Иванюков К. А. Численность копытных животных и их влияние ...

... Sandersen P. B. E. Buried and open tunnel valleys in Denmark — erosion beneath multiple ice sheets // Quaternary Science Reviews. 2006. № 25. P. 1339—1363. 13. Jørgensen F., Sandersen P. B. E. Buried valley mapping in Denmark: evaluating mapping method constraints and the importance of data density // Z. dt. Ges. Geowiss. 2009. P. 211—223. 14. Jørgensen F., Lykke-Andersen H., Sandersen P. B. E. et al. Geophysical investigations of buried Quaternary valleys in Denmark: an integrated application ...

.... 151—159. 10. Einspieler C., Prechtl H. F. R., Ferrari F. et al. The qualitative assessment of general movements in preterm, term and young infants — review of the methodology // Early Human Development. 1997. Vol. 50. P. 47—60. 11. Prechtl's Method on the Qualitative Assessment of General Movements in Preterm, Term and Young Infants / Ch. Einspieler, H. F. R. Prechtl, A. F. Bos [et al.]. Cambridge, 2005. 12. Hopkins B., Prechtl H. F. R. A qualitative approach to the development of movements ...

... 3. P. 51—56. 12. Henssge C. Todeszeitschatzüngen durch die mathematische Beschraibung der rektalen Leichenabkiihlung unter verschiedenen Abkiihlungsbedingungen // Z. Rechtsmed.1981. Bd. 87, № 3. S. 147—178. 13. Schiekele Jo. A. A general method for assessing factors controlling postmortem cooling // J. Forensic Sci. 1970. № 15. P. 364—391. 14. Lundquist F. Physical and chemical method for the estimation of time of death //Acta med. legale (Lieges). 1956. №. 9. P. 205—209. ...

An original methodology for studying cultural landscapes and regenerative successions on territories of different genesis is used as a basis for a map of the current conditions of the landscapes of the Kaliningrad region. The authors come to a conclusion that shrinking socioeconomic space leads to an increase in the area of territories developing according to the natural scenario and exhibiting positive dynamics of regenerative succession. 1. Важенин И. Г., Белякова В. И. Агрохимическая характеристика...

This article offers a comparative analysis of the concepts of «stability», «sensitivity», «vulnerability» in relation to natural complexes and offers the author's methodology for assessing the vulnerability of natural complexes to anthropogenic impact. 1. Белов Н. С. Оценка геоэкологической ситуации в речных бассейнах Калининградской области с применением геоинформационных технологий : дис. …канд. геогр. наук. Калининград, 2011. 2. Васильев В. Ю., Дмитриев В. В., Александрова Л. В. Многокритериальная...

The article examines the results of use of the physical-statistical method for the forecast of seasonal trend of the sea surface temperature (SST) with the lead time of 8 months and results of statistical method of SST superlong-term forecast, lead time — 1 year. In the first case mean-squared prediction error of SST ...

... 249—266. 12. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis . Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report Climate Change 2007/ Bernstein L. [et al.] (eds.). Cambridge , 2007. 13. Mitchell T.   D., Jones P.   D. An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated highresolution grids // Int. J. Climatol. 2005. №   25. P. 693—712. 14. Rudolf B. [et al.]. Terrestrial precipitation analysis: Operational method and required density ...

This article considers the methodological aspects of implementation of the rural area sustainable development concept in Russia. The authors show the advantages of indicative assessment of sustainable development at the regional level. The article presents a methodological approach to the development of sustainable development indicators for rural areas at the regional level. 1.      Об утверждении Доктрины продовольственной безопасности Российской Фе­дерации. [Электронный ресурс]: указ Президента...