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This article focuses on the issues of post-WWII economic restoration effort in the Soviet Lithuania. German occupation of the republic caused significant damage to its industry and agriculture. Pre-war Lithuania was an agrarian state aspiring to embark on an industrial-agrarian path of development. After the war, this aspiration did not only persist, but was intensified. To reach this objective, however, Lithuania required qualified workforce. Before the war, hardly any attention was paid to the...

This article analyses population changes in North-West regions of Russia (the former North-Western economic zone and the Kaliningrad region) and the Baltics at the level of urban districts and municipalities. The cohort component method is used to analyze the youth population dynamics in the administrative territorial units of this level, which makes it possible to estimate the international (intraregional) migration of this population group. This method is used quite rarely, yet it is more accurate...

This article focuses on the cooperation between the constituent entities of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation and the Baltic countries (Finland, Estonia, and Norway) in the field of innovations at national and regional levels, as well as at the level of corporate cooperation. The author reviews successful implementation of innovation projects within cross-border and transnational cooperation programmes. The most significant projects focus on the development of information...

... enterprises, including small ones. As practice shows, the harmonisation of major interests of small innovative business requires not only market instruments, but also state regulation, which demands the development of a corresponding mechanism. This study sets out to develop and justify the macroeconomic mechanism of development of small innovative enterprises on the basis of harmonisation of basic economic interests of their agents. The research significance of the results presented in the article consists ...

....html> (Accessed 22 July 2010). 11. Action Plan for Northern Dimension with external and cross-border policies of the European Union 2000—2003. 2000. European Council. Doc. No. 9401/00 NIS 76, Brussels, 14 June. 12. Memorandum of Understanding setting out the modalities of establishing the Northern Dimension Partnership on Culture. 2010. EUROPA: the official website of the European Union. [online] Available at: <http://ec.europa.eu/external _relations /north_dim/ docs/mou_culture_0510_en....

The relevance of the study stems from the need to reduce interregional disparities, as stipulated in strategic planning documents. The article examines the provision of federal highways for key settlement centers in the Northwestern Federal District in the context of forming a sustainable socio-economic system. The methodological framework relies on the comparative geographical method and methods of geoinformation analysis, including the construction of buffer zones. The analysis reveals significant...

The article examines the issue of the place of the Old Believer community in the Northwestern region of the Russian Empire during the process of Russification in the 19th to early 20th centuries. To achieve the research goal, the following tasks were addressed: a historical overview of the formation of the community in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was provided, a characterization of the existence of the Old Believer community in the region within the Russian Empire was given, circumstances of the...

The author examines the position of the Serbian people and the Orthodox Church under Austrian rule since the end of the Holy League war with Turkey from the end of the 17th century to the era of Josephism. After having settled in Austria, the Serbs were exposed to the assimilation policy of the authorities, the main instrument of which was the union with the Roman Catholic Church imposed on the Serbs. The sources for the study were normative and administrative acts of authorities at various levels...

The author studies the activity of Russian military engineers operating under the command of D. I. Debosket in the army of S. F. Apraksin on the territory of Prussia during the Seven Years' War. It is shown that as the province was occupied by Russian troops, the engineering tasks were changing: there was a transition from equipping the track infrastructure to restoring defensive facilities. Restoration work was complicated by a variety of circumstances, including the lack of military engineers in...

In the Russian Federation, everyone is guaranteed the right to freely use their property and skills to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The State is taking a set of measures aimed at both stimulating the population to engage in entrepreneurship and creating the most comfortable conditions for its implementation. However, providing entrepreneurs with ample opportunities to accomplish their intentions, unfortunately,...

... instability brought with it deprived him of the primacy in the struggle for the markets of the Pacific Rim. This publication is based on archival documents, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The author sets himself the task of demonstrating the key activities of the central and local authorities aimed at restoring the competitiveness of the Vladivostok commercial port in the «Manchurian transit» — its distinctive «Visiting card» since the beginning ...

... methodological support for teaching performing arts to children with different types of disabilities, taking into account both the special educational needs of such children and the specifics of musical instruments. The problems are identified and tasks are set to ensure inclusive additional music education. Inclusive additional education, visual impairment, music education for the blind and visually impaired, music teaching methodology 107-118 10.5922/pikbfu-2023-2-10

The article examines the ways in which the original East Prussian and new Soviet oikonyms were concorded during the post-war renaming of some settlements in the Kaliningrad region. A comparative phonetic and semantic analysis of the respective names revealed that the same thematic correlation (with a predominance of references to the flora, fauna and water bodies of the area) and ideological antonymy, usually manifested in an indirect form, prevail among them. In addition, translation (usually partial)...

Contemporary scientific literature lacks clear formulations of the concepts «Arctic city», «city of the Far North», and «Northern city». This is largely due to the vague boundaries between the territories of the North and the Arctic. Within the framework of this study, the main approaches to defining the boundaries of the North were considered, and a comparative analysis of northern cities located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, Far North regions, and areas equated to them was conducted...

The study of geo-ecological factors allows not only to determine the nature of human economic activities but also reveals natural influences affecting the placement of archaeologi­cal objects in the past. Special attention is given to «Stone piles» («Lappish cairns») — stone piles widely found within the studied territory. Despite years of archaeological research, the nature of these structures remains enigmatic, though archaeological artifacts are often absent. The application of geo-chemical research...

The paper studies the data of a comprehensive environmental survey of land plots in several streets (i. e. Basseynaya, Lieutenant Katina and Sportivnaya) of the city of Kaliningrad for their compliance with the requirements for a specially protected natural area of local importance. It is shown that the territory of the indicated forest park zone meets the main criteria for designating a specially protected natural area of local importance. Given the urban environment, the territory has a high level...

Apart from biomedical and organizational issues, the emergence of the new coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, set large-scale tasks for creating and improving mathematical and information technologies that operate spatial data in statistical analysis and forecasting. The regional level is seen as a suitable choice for spatial analysis of COVID-19 morbidity and ...

... These characters, mentioned in the final verses of each odd-numbered stanza, provide the leitmotif of the poem. Their appearance in the fictional world of The Latvian Ballad constitutes the primary event of the text. The title, indicating the genre and setting a national or local context, also significantly influences the meanings attributed to the red horse and the white poodle. The analysis pays particular attention to the spatiotemporal organisation of the text, highlighting the persona’s interpretation ...

... its verbal and visual components as seen in placards, posters, and slogans. Advertising is presented as a speech act aimed at changing the viewer’s perception, using literary devices such as letter play, original slogans, and others. This article sets out to identify differences and similarities between OBERIU advertising and conventional ‘state-­supported’ advertising in Russia in the 1920s. It is shown that OBERIU advertising borrowed the form of Vladimir Mayakovsky’s versicular constructivist ...

... and various inter­pretational possibilities. While numerous scholarly materials have been written in the genre of literary commentary, there appears to be a limited reflection on the parameters such commen­tary should possess, the goals it should set, and the factors it should consider. This article fills this theoretical gap, demonstrating that commentary on poetry should primarily be oriented towards the genre-specific nature of this type of artistic work. The main focus is on under­standing ...

... linguistics. The position is justified regarding the constructive nature of active listening techniques as a strategy for mutual understanding and coordination of communicants’ actions. The effective use of active listening techniques is conditioned by a set of communicative-pragmatic factors, including socio-psychological characteristics of communicants, the situation, and the interaction topic. The obtained results showed that non-compliance / violation of active listening rules and principles hinders ...

The spatial and temporal distribution of suspended matter in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea was studied in the context of the transition from oxygenated to anoxic conditions. Semi-enclosed water bodies, such as the shallow Baltic Sea, play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Carbon-containing particles, both organic and inorganic, settle within the total suspended matter, making it important to understand the patterns of its distribution. The main sources of suspended matter in the southeastern...

The article addresses the dynamics of the representation of the Russian population in the Baltic republics during the rise of Russophobic sentiments in these countries from 2018 to 2023. The aim of the article is to identify current trends in the dynamics of the Russian ethnic population in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, considering the spatial characteristics of their settlement, and to compare this with the situation before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The research is based on official...

The aim of this article is to propose and illustrate, through specific examples, a detailed list of factors influencing the transformation of the functional and spatial structure of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration in the period from 2020 to 2024, as analyzed by the authors. In this study, the functional structure of the urban agglomeration refers to its economy, employment structure, and specialization, while the spatial (geographical) structure refers to the settlement system, connected by transport...

... Fisher Unwin. Lévy-Bruhl, L., 1925. How Natives Think. New York: Knopf. Litt, Th., 1926. Individuum und Gemeinschaft. Grundlegung der Kulturphilosophie. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. MacIver, R., 1917. Community: A Sociological Study. Being an Attempt to Set Out the Nature and Fundamental Laws of Social Life. London: Macmillan and Co. Mauss, M., 1924. Rapports réels et pratiques de la psychologie et de la sociologie. Journal de Psychologie, 21, pp. 892-922. Mauss, M., 1990. The Gift: The Form and Reason ...

... the framework of their being conditioned by nature. I also demonstrate that in his teleological teaching Kant sees the mechanism of nature as the dependence of living things on forces that act in an unpremeditated manner. Recognition of these forces sets limits to humans’ instrumental attitude to nature and paves the way for them to become moral subjects. Thus, Kant’s teaching combines “the human exclusiveness thesis” and the intuitions of the representatives of deep ecology and the opponents ...

... against turning Kant’s philosophy into a dogma and allowing for diverse interpretations of Kant (P. Natorp), Frank saw Kant not as a critic and “destroyer” of metaphysics, but as a thinker who laid the foundations of a new metaphysical synthesis. He set himself the task of “transforming” the Kantian philosophy into a new metaphysical system proceeding from the foundational principles of critical thinking. As a result, he managed to overcome the abstract concept of the human being characteristic ...

In the semantic theory of Gottlob Frege, the content of a linguistic sign is determined by the connection between the meaning and a set of subjective perceptions that form the mean­ing. Our study aims to reveal the influence of individual perceptions of the meaning on the extension of the semantic structure of a word, using the kinship term ‘mamochka’ as an ex­ample. The article ...

The author endeavors to systematically present sense formation through the lens of the pragmasemantic approach. It enables the demonstration of how the primary factors of sense formation, socio-cultural practices and personal agency interact. Their relationship is non-linear: subjectivity results from the assimilation of socio-cultural experiences and the accom­panying narrative communication. Self-consciousness of the Self arises from the socialization of the individual through reflexive self-description...

The paper centers on the phenomenon of non-translation in the texts of bilingual poets who perform self-translation into the lect of a dominant, ‘larger’ tradition (Putonghua / Rus­sian). Non-translation is set in motion in the conditions of enhanced linguistic reflection of its authors and serves as a marker of a special affective connection with a lect that is permanently associated with a weaker position. Paradoxically, the attempt to expand readership ...

... analysis of simultaneous interpretation from L2 to L1. Voprosy Kog­ni­tiv­noy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 1, pp. 5—11, https://doi.org/ 10.20916/1812-3228-2020-1-5-11 (in Russ.). Cienki, A., 2017. Analysing metaphor in gesture: A set of Metaphor Identification Gui­delines for Gesture (MIG-G). In: E. Semino and Z. Demjén, eds. The Routledge hand­book of metaphor and language. London, pp. 131—147. Croce, B., 1993. L’Intraducibilità della rievocazione (1902). In: La teoria ...

The article is devoted to reflecting the image of a city in verbal data — topographic names. The author bases the research upon the ideas of the cultural-semiotic approach to city studies, upon the conception of a city as a text and palimpsest and sets the goal of investigat­ing semantic changes in the toponymic text of Ekaterinburg examined in its historical dynam­ics. The main stages of modification of the Ural city toponymic image are characterized via the metaconcept of chronotopos. As a ...

... Vigilantius’s Lecture Notes. In: I. Kant, 1997. Lectures on Ethics. Edited by P. Heath and J. B. Schneewind; translated by P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 249-452. Kant, I., 1997d. Morality According to Prof. Kant: Mrongovius’s Second Set of Lecture Notes (Selections). In: I. Kant, 1997. Lectures on Ethics. Edited by P. Heath and J. B. Schneewind; translated by P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 223-248. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated ...

Using the Kant jubilee in 1924 as a pretext, Sergey Hessen, a Russian émigré neo­Kantian, draws no direct political conclusions but sets forth a view of the great philosopher’s legacy from the position of a “legal socialist”, selecting from his heritage those parts of German socialist doctrines that to his mind experienced a departure from a recent flowering of Kantian ideas ...

.... Kant, I., 1996e. Toward Perpetual Peace. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edit­ed by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 317-351. Kant, I., 1997a. Morality According to Prof. Kant: Mrongovius’s Second Set of Lecture Notes (Selections). In: I. Kant, 1997. Lectures on Ethics. Translated by P. Heath, edited by P. Heath and J. B. Schneewind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 223-248. Kant, I., 1997b. Kant on the Metaphysics of Morals: Vigilantius’s ...

In this second installment (for the first, see Kantian Journal, 2024, vol. 43, no. 2), Kant’s references to ancient consolation writings are elaborated. The general aim is to make Kant’s proximity to the Roman Stoa, and his borrowings from it, more apparent. A comparison with his necrology for Funk then shows more explicitly how Kant takes up this ancient philosophy anew for his time, and for his fellow human beings. In so doing, he continued a trend that had begun in the Enlightenment. In Universal...

... through the prism of the explication of the theme of moral instructions in the Old English tradition. The poem, along with other Old English sermons and Christian poems, represents the suggestion of moral rules regarding early Chris­tian life, being a set of orders for believers. This article provides the author's translation of the contexts of the poem Instructions for Christians. The problem of studying the phenomenon of instructions and the representation of the indisputable position of faith in ...

... 5th—6th centuries. These texts first appeared in the Slavic Orthodox area in 1370, and subsequent translations emerged at the end of the 17th century, in the 18th and 19th centuries, and, most recently, in contemporary times. The authors introduce a set of criteria that facilitate the differentiation of the analyzed texts into distinct types of text transmission, namely transposition, retelling, and translation. These criteria are founded on factors such as the dominant translation strategy, the ...

... science, and cultural studies, we have conducted an analysis of the conceptual framework underlying this type of lexis and identified macro- and micro-conceptual attributes that may necessitate various verbalizations in different cultural and contextual settings. Aho, W. R., 1994. Is sisu alive and well among Finnish Americans? In: M. G. Kar­ni and J. Asala, eds. The best of Finnish americana. Iowa City, pp. 196—205. Alves, F. and Hurtado, A. A., 2017. Evolution, challenges, and perspectives ...

The article attempts to analyze the linguocultural factors contributing to the phenome­non of polynominativity—multiple names for a single object. This investi­gation employs top­onyms as a case study. The exploration delves into several key factors that give rise to poly­onyms: 1) linguosociocultural factors: these factors play a pivotal role in shaping subsystems of names, encompassing both official and unof­ficial, widely used and niche terms, as well as neutral and connotatively charged expressions...

... employing component and contextual analyses, explores the target semantization process of key concepts during Khrushchev's 1958—1964 anti-religious campaign, specifically focusing on 'sektant' and 'baptist'. Through mass media and propaganda literature, a set of semantic features for these terms was imposed on the children's audience in ideological contexts. The analysis of linguistic material from numerous sources such as the newspaper Pionerskaya Pravda, Pioner and Koster children's magazines, and selected ...

... interfaces connected by inversion and recursion relations and operations. We identify this system as a pragmasemantics. It also acts as an interface platform for correlation/transformation of intra-system semantic units and extralinguistic objects within a set of possible worlds. At the same time, this platform is endowed with the autopoietic potential to generate new operating interfaces systems, as well as textualized structures of operations and interpretations (instructions, memory, reframing). The ...

The characteristic feature of contemporary poetry is an increased attention to the prag­matics of the message. The Internet influences the activation of the communication function, and metalinguistic reflection in poetry manifests itself through the violation of grammatical norms, the graphic highlighting of pragmatic markers, and the representation of computer interface elements such as messengers, social networks, etc. At the same time, the media inter­face creates a multiplicity of addressing...

The main purpose of this work is to explore the experience of confronting guilt ‘after Auschwitz’ in the creative dialogue between two significant poets of the twentieth century — Paul Celan and Johannes Bobrowski. Despite their importance, their works remain inade­quately studied, particularly in the context of the interaction between language and existence, or more precisely, poetic semiotics and the ontological foundation of existence. Sander Gil­man, an American Germanist, in his work “Why and...