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This article will clarify the use of the term “idiomaticity” in its evaluative meaning in relation to translation. Idiomaticity is considered from the point of view of compliance with the norm of usage as a category that ensures the naturalness of translated discourse. The example of translated texts will be used to show ...

... (T-text) can be understood as a piece of speech containing specific linguistic elements denoting a terrorist threat, according to the features of which it is possible to identify not only the socially dangerous content of the utterance, but also to evaluate the degree of its impact. The archive of the dataset of the extremist website “Kavkaz” banned in the Russian Federation, which contains several thousand links to various topics, served as the material for analysis. A comprehensive method ...

... потоке + Genitive and быть в потоке in specific types of contexts are identified and analyzed on the data from the National Corpus of the Russian language. It is shown that the phenomenon поток in the Russian language consciousness is evaluated mainly negatively, which is expressed by certain lexical-semantic and morphological-syntactic language means that are regularly encountered in contexts. semantics, state, connotations, metaphor, v potoke (with the flow) 16-29 10....

... placing greater pres­sure on the coastal zone. However, there is a lack of research dedicated to assessing the vul­nerability of the coastal area. The practical significance of this study lies in the potential for further utilization of its results to evaluate and analyze the vulnerability of the coastline of the Kaliningrad region and make decisions on implementing a series of measures to protect and preserve the coastal zone. For the study, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) methodology was selected,...

... during the summer and autumn of 2022 with migrants from different regions of Russia, employers, and experts. Additionally, publicly available information from relevant ministries about the outcomes of attracting spe­cialists was utilized. The study evaluates the practice of migrants seeking government sup­port, examines the professionals' perception of existing measures, and highlights the need for adjustments to ensure the influx and retention of professionals in the region. In conclusion, suggestions ...

Biologically active peptides are considered as preventive and therapeutic agents for vari­ous diseases. Due to the high cost and complexity of isolating native peptides for use in phar­maceuticals, synthetically produced peptides are increasingly being used in dietary supple­ments. The aim of the research is to confirm the similarity and biological activity of synthe­sized peptides compared to native peptides. Synthesized and native peptides from bovine co­lostrum with the code names T1.1 and mpT2...

... best allow for documenting the phenomenon of sub­marine discharge of groundwater in the southeast part of the Baltic Sea. Detecting submarine groundwater discharge in the Baltic Sea is crucial for understanding the processes in the wa­ter body and evaluating the ecological situation. The study examines various methods for detecting SDGW: computational-analytical, geophysical, radioisotopic, chemical, and biologi­cal. The expe­rience of their application in the southeastern Baltic Sea is characterized,...

... grew uncontrollably and became a threat to the local flora and humans. The study describes a variety of control methods for hogweed, including chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical methods, as well as grazing and mulching. The methods have been evaluated and compared, and it is suggested that an integrated approach combining several methods may be the most effective solution. However, the characteristics of the affected area, the age of the plants and the use of the affect­ed land must be taken ...

... criminal procedure are observed. Based on the provisions related to compensation for violations of the principle of reasonable timeframes during court proceedings, a conclusion was drawn regarding the essence of these provisions, which allows for an evaluation of the criteria of reasonableness outlined by the legislator and the identification of methods for their assessment. criminal proceedings, reasonable time, participant in the court proceedings, the principle of criminal proceedings ...

The article explores contemporary issues and questions related to the application of forensic environmental expertise within the framework of preliminary investigations, and evaluates its role in law enforcement activities. The research formulated and proposed the main tasks of forensic environmental expertise at the current stage, highlighted its features, and identified problems associated with the imperfection of the current ...

... general and specific features in the development of the Kaliningrad semi-exclave between 2017 and 2022 while considering the territory’s spatial heterogeneity. By employing a multi-scale approach and utilising data from Rosstat and Kaliningradstat, an evaluation is carried out of the economic and social dynamics of the region’s municipalities and the region as a whole, compared to the country’s similar territories. It is concluded that the region’s high economic openness and reliance on imports ...

... personality type and their educational outcomes. To assess students’ professional personality types, John Holland’s methodology was employed, which determines a student’s inclination towards one of six professional types. Educational outcomes were evaluated based on the development of general professional competencies during the study of the courses “Introduction to Professional Activity” and “Theory of State and Law,” which are taken in the first year of the “Public and Municipal Administration” ...

... location names. The author’s division of the text into chapters is used as the unit of analysis, as it most adequately reflects the overall intent. The method is based on finding intersections of the onomastic content of chapters, with intersections evaluated using the Dice coefficient. The presence of a metric allows for the construction of a chapter connectivity graph, from which the most connected fragments can be extracted using the Louvain algorithm. The method has been tested on M. A. Bulgakov’s ...

... study emphasised the importance of focused efforts to cultivate among students of pedagogical universities the professional competencies needed for an individualised educational approach. It also uncovered the potential of a professional examination in evaluating the level of these competencies. In this line of thinking, the examination will serve as a motivation for enhancing the educational curriculum and the environment at a pedagogical university. individuality, individualisation, primary education,...

... criteria include knowledge of basic methods and ways of solving legal problems, the ability to apply knowledge in choosing methods for collecting, structuring, and analyzing information, mastery of techniques for composing, formatting, and monitoring the evaluation of legal solutions, as well as the ability to independently apply knowledge for collecting, structuring, and analyzing information, work in a team, demonstrate persistence in solving legal problems, and evaluate the effective­ness of the decision ...

... civilization/society.” The movement of the “plot” in most late poems is determined by the internal catastrophic change in the psychological state of the lyrical subject, seeking voluntary departure from life, which is reflected in the expressive, emotionally evaluative, and reduced lexicon, the tightness of poetic lines, and tense syntax. Gennady Shpalikov, poetry, poetics, image, motive, motivic structure, lyrical subject 89-99 10.5922/pikbfu-2024-1-8

... microalgae belong to a phyletic category of organisms that have adapted to a wide range of ecological conditions. This study explores a novel freshwater microalgae isolate, Chlorella sp. B1, as a potential platform for biomass production. The research evaluated the isolate’s ability to grow in mixotrophic media. The results reveal a relationship between growth rate and dynamic changes in biomass composition. The use of granulated forms of the fertilizer “Fertika Universal” as a nutrient medium ...

... individually selecting Trichoderma strains with high antagonistic activity for the creation of biofungicides remains a pressing issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the antagonistic activity of various Trichoderma strains against phytopathogens and evaluate their potential for further use as biopreparations in agriculture. An optimal nutrient medium was selected to maximize spore production in Trichoderma. The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma strains against fungi of the genera Aspergillus, ...

... and music generation. Additionally, I present diverse opinions of researchers regarding creativity in AI. To systematise these perspectives, I propose a classification which allows their ranking. The conclusion emphasises that currently the issue of evaluating the creative potential of AI lacks a definitive solution, underscoring the relevance of further research. The future outlook may alter this situation, prompting the necessity to focus on predicting potential consequences of technological developments ...

The developers of ecological ethics claim that the rationale of anthropocentrism is false. Its main message is that natural complexes and resources exist to be useful to the human being who sees them only from the perspective of using them and does not take into account their intrinsic value. Kant’s anthropocentric teaching argues that the instrumental attitude to nature has its limits. These limits are hard to determine because the anthropocentrists claim that the human being is above nature. Indeed...

... epistemology of reality. In: G. Miller and E. Lenneberg, eds. Psychology and biology of language and thought . New York: Academic Press, pp. 28—62. Morehouse, R. E., 2012. Beginning interpretive inquiry: A step-by-step approach to re­search and evaluation . London and New York: Routledge. Morris, C. W., 1938. Foundations of the theory of signs. In: O. Neurath, R. Carnap and C. W. Morris, eds. International encyclopedia of unified science . Vol. 1, Part 2. Chica­go: The University of Chicago ...

... and van Leeuwen, T., 2007. Global Media Discourse: A Critical Introduc­tion. London. Martin, J. R. and Rose, D., 2007. Working with Discourse: Meaning Beyond the Clau­se. London and New York. Martin, J. R. and White, P. R. R., 2005. The Language of Evaluation. London, https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230511910 . Nefedov, S. T., Chernayvskay, V. E. Context in Linguistics: Pragmatic and Dis­course Analytical Dimensions, 2020. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya [Tomsk State University ...

... fatal dilemma: on one horn, Duindam faces the same objection that he concedes to be effective against other attempts to answer the positive duties objection; on the other horn, the procedure he recommends cannot be based on the FUL (because it does not evaluate actions on the basis of their corresponding maxims). In addition, I maintain that Duindam’s benevolence argument rests on a procedure that is, in general, intractable and, in this particular case, foredoomed (because it can be shown that there ...

... Religion in the System of Philosophy of Hermann Cohen. Judaica Petropolitana. Research on Jewish Philosophy and Intellectual Traditions of Judaism, 9, pp. 97-102. (In Rus.) Belov, V. N., 2018d. The Philosophy of the Religion of Hermann Cohen and Its Evaluation by Russian-Jewish Thinkers. In: J. Dobieszewski, S. Krajewski and J. Mach, eds. 2018. Poznanie i religiya. Epistemologiya religioznogo opyta v russkoj i evrejskoj filosofskoj mysli HKH veka = Epistemologia doświadczenia religijnego w XX-wiecznej ...

The paper explores the perspectives of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Karl Marx regarding hu­man freedom, highlighting their relevance amidst the contradictory landscape of social devel­opment in late capitalism. It is well-established that Dostoevsky's ‘orthodox’ socialist stance resonated with Marx's critique of bourgeois society, focusing on themes of materialism, the dominance of wealth, and alienation. Both thinkers grappled with the concept of human free­dom, recognizing it as an intrinsic characteristic...

... sex. The quantitative findings provide infor­ma­tion on the social norms intuitively classified by Russian native speakers as preventing intru­sion into private space. They also give an insight into the effect of age characteristics on sta­tement evaluations. Informants' responses tend to exhibit ambiguity in assessments, high­ligh­ting the variability of contemporary perceptions regarding tact and tactlessness, thereby ref­lecting shifts in social norms. Altman, I., 1975. The environment ...

The spread of new poetic meters in the works of both older and younger generation of symbolists inevitably led to attempts at their scientific comprehension and description. This paper demonstrates that in writings on Russian verse, starting with Andrei Bely's “Symbol­ism”, the concepts of ‘dolnik/pauznik’ have been consistently analysed in comparison with German tonic verse in general and Heine's poetry in particular. The theoretical interest in ‘dolnik’ was fueled not only by the prevailing poetic...

... literature review and future perspectives. Artificial Intelligence Review , 56 (1), pp. 445—482, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-023-10540-1 . Shavrina, T., Fenogenova, A., Emelyanov, A. et al., 2020. RussianSuperGLUE: A Russian language understanding evaluation benchmark. In: B. Webber, T. Cohn, Y. He and Y. Liu, eds. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) , pp. 4717—4726, https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/ 2020.emnlp-main.381. Yin, Z., Wang, H....

... pragma-semantic approaches. The study identifies the motives and conditions under which verbal aggression tends to arise in online discourse. Key speech acts that manifest this aggression—such as insults, rude de­mands, reproach, accusations, mockery, negative evaluations, and ill-wi­shing—are analysed, with hypotheses offered regarding their function and frequency. Furthermore, the study elucidates the composition and nature of the primary goals behind the aggressive speech behaviour of Rodnoverie adherents....

... improvement of advanced techniques in biomedicine, bionanotechnology, and nanomedicine. In this context, there is a need to assess the toxicological characteristics of materials as well as develop methods for their therapeutic use. A study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of composite nanoparticles (nanostars) and micromaterials (microdisks) against Jurkat, Huh7 cell cultures, and human mononuclear cells in in vitro conditions. A concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles was observed....

.... P. 1712. 25. Mehdi Y., Hornick J. L., Istasse L. et al. Selenium in the environment, metabo­lism and involvement in body functions // Molecules. 2013. Vol. 18, № 3. P. 3292—3311. 26. Tymoshok N. O., Kharchuk M. S., Kaplunenko V. G. et al. Evaluation of effects of selenium nanoparticles on Bacillus subtilis // Regul. Mech. Biosyst. 2019. Vol. 10, № 4. P. 544—552. doi: 10.15421/021980. 27. Omelchenko A. V., Rzhevskaya V. S., Kryzhko A. V. et. al. The effect of na­no­se­lenium as ...

... coast of the Baltic Sea, as evidenced by the increased volume of tourist flows in recent years. A comprehensive approach to assessing the attractiveness of areas located in the "land—sea" contact zone is proposed, based on a component-wise evaluation method using 25 indicators that reflect the natural characteristics of coastal landscapes and the degree of their anthropo­genic transformation. The methodology was tested on 31 sections of the Sambia Peninsula’s coastline. The analysis ...

The influence of a microbial consortium of lactic acid bacteria — Lactobacillus casei, Lac­tobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis — and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the yield and quality of winter wheat of the Nador variety was studied. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the microorganism suspension on the morphometric pa­rameters of wheat seedlings in an aqueous culture, and the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the microbial culture fluid was measured...

... insects, as the most widespread group of invertebrates in ecosystems, contamination with traces of heavy metals primarily leads to elimination. There­fore, the heightened sensitivity of insects to pollution levels is considered in laboratory tests for evaluating heavy metal toxicity. Among the existing species, Galleria mellonella was se­lected for toxicity assessment. The evaluation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) toxicity sug­gested the presence of specific protein markers of toxicity, namely proteins ...

The aim of the article is to assess the current level of digitalization in rural areas of the regions of the Central Federal District of Russia. A comprehensive methodology for evaluat­ing the level of digitalization has been developed, which includes 12 indicators grouped into three categories: the development of ICT infrastructure, digital community, and digital ser­vices. The indicator of rural digitalization is represented by an integral index (IDRA). The index was calculated using statistical...

... Russ.). Thomason, S. and Kaufman, T., 1988. Language contact, creolization, and genetic lin­guistics . Berkeley. Thomason, S., 2001. Language contact. Edinburgh. Vol’f, Ye. M., 2006. Funktsional'naya semantika otsenki [Functional semantics of evaluation]. Moscow (in Russ.). Volodarskaya, E. F., 2002. Lexical loans as a reflection of Russian and English contacts. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 4, pp. 96—118 (in Russ.). Weinreich, U., 1968. Languages in Contact: ...

... with the increased speed of information dissemination driven by advances in information technologies, present a significant challenge to modern society. This acceleration leads to excessive cognitive load, which diminishes the ability to critically evaluate and analyse received information. This article explores the conceptual processes that underpin manipulative influences within media discourse. Through a conceptual analysis of contemporary English-language media, using the News on the Web corpus,...

... Lan­guage in the process of world cognition]. Moscow (in Russ.). Mahlknecht, J., 2015. Three words to tell a story: the movie poster tagline. Word & Image , 31, pp. 414—424, http://doi.org/10.1080/02666286.2015.1053036 . Maier, C. D., 2009. Visual evaluation in film trailers. Visual Communication , 8 (2), pp. 159—180, http://doi.org/10.1177/1470357209102112 . Nguyen, T. T. L., 2021. A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Romantic Comedy Movie Posters. VNU Journal of Foreign Studies , 37 (3), pp....

... works), and new ones are highlighted: ‘Second-person narrative’ contributes to a more active immersion of the reader into the nar­rative world, creates immersion, shifts the focus to the reader as being "responsible" for choosing and evaluating what is happening. But it also distances him, instilling uncertainty in his own status, in the reality of the events taking place, in his own agency. Auster's ‘se­cond-person narrative’ finally shows how traditional narratives are undergoing ...

... markers of emo­tional expression, such as emotional interjections and communicatives — linguistic units re­gularly used in dialogue. Arutyunova, N. D., 1988. Tipy yazykovykh znachenii. Otsenka, sobytie, fakt [Types of linguistic meanings. Evaluation, event, fact]. Moscow (in Russ.). Chongarova, I., 2002. Notes about one “non-cultural” word and conceptualiza­tion of its derivatives (in Russian and Bulgarian languages). Russkii yazyk za rubezhom [Russian language abroad], 2, pp. 52—54 ...

... ’atlet’, its development into a polysemous word used across diverse contexts, and elucidates the distinctions in cultural stereotypes associated with the masculine ‘atlet’ and its feminine counterpart ‘atletka’ in relation to perceptions and evaluations of physical strength. It also highlights the role of borrowings from French and English in enriching the Russian language with nuanced shades of meaning for ‘atlet’, and characterizes the connection of this entire group of cognate words ...

The paper discusses the latest results of the study of pragmalinguistic and proper linguistic mechanisms for expressing implicit evaluativeness of words and expressions of the Russian language in their discursive implementation. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the pragmatics of the induced evaluativeness in the context of the initially nonevaluative event ...

... relations within discourse, some connectives also perform a secondary function: conveying pragmatic information about the speaker’s attitude toward the propositional content of the connected units. connective, conjunction, discourse, pragmatics, evaluation 40-53 10.5922/2225-5346-2025-3-3

... seemingly similar phenome­na; visual anthropology; linguistic analysis of key terms, tracing their etymology, semantics, and usage in oral/written speech (e. g., in blogs and social media). A proprietary classification mat­rix has been developed to evaluate urban phenomena according to four parameters: for­ma­lization (F), temporal dynamics (T), social involvement (I), and material-symbolic compo­nents (M). This matrix systematizes diverse cases and highlights cultural specificity. The conc­lusion ...

... into account that the semantic and symbolic connotations of smells are close­ly connected with the sociocultural context, and olfactory experience is subjective. It is proved that the smell in the discourse of war performs two key functions – an evaluative and a boundary function; the olfac­tory image of "one's own" and "someone else's" is formed under the influence of extralinguistic factors; the smell acts as an instrument of differentiation, less often as an instrument ...