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... that Kant understands ‘human nature’ as mere “subjective grounds” of the exercise of freedom. Further, the author analyses the factors determining the actions of humans as moral beings. First, the article addresses the “predispositions to the good”, which describes a human being as a natural being, cultural being, and a personality. In this connection, different types of reason identified by Kant are stressed and the features of “pure practical reason” as a necessary condition of human ...

... of socialist reality. This word gradually loses its subjective evaluative value, turning into a standard ideological stamp symbolizing positivity and conformity to socialist norms. The second section discusses the reinterpretation of the concept of a good person and the emergence of the opposition between a good person and a good communist, where the former remains the bearer of personal virtues and the latter — the embodiment of socialist ideals. The concept of a true person is seen as a compromise between these ...

... categories, manifested in the moral relativism of man of the twentieth (and, perhaps, the twenty-­first) centuries. The genre of the text “The Lord of the Rings” by Tolkien can be defined as an epic fantasy dedicated to the eternal struggle of good and evil. The confrontation between the two members of the ethical binary opposition of interest to us is at the center of Tolkien’s narrative. In both Lewis’s text and Tolkien’s work, good and evil are not relative categories inherent in the consciousness ...

... transitional period of the special economic zone (SEZ) functioning. The key method of analysis is the comparison of data on the generation of gross regional product and regional foreign economic activities (including export and import of goods and moving goods from/into the Kaliningrad region to other Russian regions). It results in a conceptual CFMER, which is assessed as of 2011. The availability of additional — as compared to a regular region — data on commodity flows in the framework of the SEZ transitional period ...

... two major lines of analysis: a) a comparison of the international trade growth rates of different Russian regions; b) an assessment of the influence of Russian and European prices on the consumer price index as well as prices for particular tradable goods in the Kaliningrad region. Rosstat and Eurostat serve as the main data sources. To test their hypothesis, the authors use the methods of statistical and econometric analysis. The status of the free economic zone and unique geographic position of the Kaliningrad ...

... to justify it by means of one’s own resources requires thinking of God as the external judge in the internal court of justice, respectively as one’s conscience. This reference to God implies that one makes oneself susceptive to the principle of the good instead of vainly trying to make it dependent on one’s own deeds and thoughts. The renunciation of the attempt to justify one’s evil disposition, i.e. the moral conversion to a good disposition, is thus enabled by the principle of the good. Thus ...

The article describes neological units that have been functioning in the Russian language since the 1990s to characterize artisanal products or various types of counterfeit goods. The cognitive mechanisms underlying their formation are identified, based on the metonymic or metaphorical use of the image of fire, as represented in the root morpheme pal-. It is noted that the word-formation paradigm of the verb palit’ has expanded ...

... pronoun “I”. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya [Tomsk Sta­te University Journal of Philology], 82, рр. 103—117, http://doi.org/10.17223/1998 6645/82/6 (in Russ.). Markasova, E. V., 2023b. Adjectival predicate “bad/good” with the pronoun I. Tyu­men State University Herald. Humanitites Research. Humanitates, 9 (4), pp. 23—35, https://doi.org/10.21684/2411-197Х-2023-9-4-23-35 (in Russ.). Markasova, E. V., 2024. “I + adjectival predicate’ and historical circumstances ...

... International… charged… with a political mission,” or to accept as fact a testimonial letter by the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs according to which Jakobson not only “wished to help our nation and did help” but “will be able to render very good services to our state also in the future.” 1. Genis, V., 2008. "Of course, Jacobson will be outraged...". Voprosy istorii [Issues of History], 12. 2. Sorokina, M., 2000. "Unreliable, but absolutely indispensable": the 200th anniversary of the Academy of Sciences ...

... Works of Spinoza. Volume I. Edited by E. Curley. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Vossenkuhl, W., 1994. Spontaneität. Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung, 48(3), pp. 329-349. Zovko, M.-É. 2013. Involved in Humankind: Nature, Virtue and the Good We Desire for Ourselves and for Others. Knowledge Cultures, 1/2, pp. 264-300. Zovko, M.-É. 2014. Impassioned by Passion: Knowledge and Love in Plato and Spinoza. Dionysius, 32, pp. 140-171. Zovko, M.-É., 2018. Poetry and Play in Kant’s Critique ...

..., translated by M. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Korsgaard, C., 1997. Creating the Kingdom of Ends. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Korsgaard, C., 2008. From Duty and for the Sake of the Noble: Kant and Aristotle on Morally Good Action. In: C. Korsgaard, 2008. The Constitution of Agency: Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 174-206. McDowell, J., 1998a. Are Moral Requirements Hypothetical Imperatives? In: J. McDowell, 1998. Mind, Value and Reality. Cambridge,...

.... Zur perspektivistisch-metaphilosophischen Begründung der Vernunft im Anschluss an Kant und Fichte. Freiburg & München: Alber. Lossky, N. O., 1932. Freedom of Will. Translated by N. A. Duddington. London: Williams & Norgate. Lossky, N. O., 1991a. The Conditions of Absolute Good. Moscow: Political Literature Publishers. (In Rus.). Lossky, N. O., 1991b. The Types of Worldview. In: N. O. Lossky, 1991. Sensual, Intellectual, and Mystical Intuition. Moscow: Respublika, pp. 4-135. (In Rus.). Lossky, N. O., 1994. God and Evil....

.... In: A. V. Chernjaev and T. G. Shchedrina, eds. 2021. Institut nauchnoi filosofii. Nachalo [The Institute of Scientific Philosophy. The Beginning]. Moscow: Politicheskaya entsiklopediya, pp. 82-91. (In Rus.) Solovyov, V., 1918. The Justification of the Good: An Essay on Moral Philosophy. Translated by N. Duddington with a note by S. Graham. London: Constable and Company LTD. Tolstoy, L., 1904a. My Religion. In: The Complete Works of Count Tolstoy. Translated and edited by L. Wiener. Volume XVI. Boston: ...

... Schmied-Kowarzik. Leipzig: Meiner. Lessing, G. E., 1890. Ueber Klopstocks Messiade, in: G. E. Lessing, 1890. Sämtliche Schriften, Volume 5. Edited by K. Lachmann, 3rd edition. Stuttgart. Lossky, N. O., 1991. Usloviya absolyutnogo dobra [The Conditions of the Absolute Good]. In: N. O. Losskiy, 1991. Usloviya absolyutnogo dobra. Osnovy etiki. Kharakter russkogo naroda [The Conditions of the Absolute Good. Fundamentals of Ethic. Character of the Russian people]. Edited by A. I. Titarenko. Moscow: Politizdat, pp. 24-237....

... of these problems, but also suspects that no such resolution will be found. The author fully agrees with Howell’s three conditions of adequacy on a philosophically satisfactory resolution of the problems, and holds that it would be philosophically good to find a resolution of them. However, the author sharply disagrees with the statement that no such resolution can be found. Indeed, he believes that such a resolution has been found. Kantian Radical Agnosticism (KRA) says that ‘we can and do know a priori that we cannot know either the ...

... the philosopher examined the problem in the framework of a polemic on Crusian philosophy. This article presents Crusius’s arguments against the theory that this is the best of all possible worlds and in favour of the theory that there are several good worlds. God’s choice of the actual world owes therefore to the freedom of contradiction (libertas contradictionis) and to the freedom of contrariety (libertas contrarietatis), which are eliminated in the teaching of optimism. Anonym. 1753, Leipzig, in: Krause, J. G. (hg....

... adequate understanding of the thinkers’ positions requires distinguishing between Kant’s transcendentalist perspective and Husserl’s phenomenological descriptive perspective, between the a priori of pure reason and the material a priori, between good will as a duty and the thetic acts of will, and between the absolute and relative compulsoriness of the categorical imperative. At the same time, the possibility of reconciling the obligatory and a priori greatest good with a concrete, practical situation of choice remains ...

This article focuses on Deleuze’s attempt to describe so-called thinking of differences, which severs any connection with the premises of natural pre-philosophical thinking and good will tending towards good and truth. The author believes that Deleuze’s thinking of differences does have a rather evident premise. For Deleuze, thinking is an energy flow or sensual “vitality”.Another approach to analysing the fundamentals of thinking can be found in Kant’s article ...

1. Austin, 1956: Austin J. L. Ifs and C ans // Proceedings of the British Academy. 1956. Vol. 42. 2. Black, 1940: Black M. Relations between Logical Positivism and the Cambridge School of Analysis // Erkenntnis. 1939—1940. Vol. 8. 3. Black, 1964: Black M. A Companion to Wittgenstein’s TRACTATUS. 4. Carnap,...

... the foundation of Kant’s ethic the double meaning and uncertainty. The author notes, that for all his respect to Kant’s ethic, Russian philosopher constructs ethic on his own principles. In the foundation of his moral philosophy Solovjev puts down the idea of Good, characterizing it as lawful, autonomous and all-united (vseedinoje). Solovjev proposes to regard the feelings of shame, pity and reverence as the primary data of human moral, disregarding the warnings of Kant about the unacceptability of natural ...

The English adjective GOOD is under study in the article. Samples of its meanings found in dictionaries are compared with those from the Oxford English Corpus. As a result of the contrastive analysis, considerable changes were found. This spectrum of differences as well as ...

Evaluative lexemes with the “good/kind” semantics representing the concept of “god” are considered on the basis of Old Russian texts of the 11th—14th centuries. The author analyses the semantic features of the functioning of these lexemes. Список сокращений ...

... production. It is shown that, the supply of cultural goods is characterized by the different level of rarity and consists from creative production, services of the institutions of culture and art, antiques, reproductions of works of art. Given the demand the cultural goods are structured in compliance with inquiries of its dealers, traders, collectors, adherents of prestigious consumption, real connoisseurs of art, consumers of entertainments. The article claims that the sphere of culture is divided into two sectors ...

... Russian quality journals published between the Napoleonic and Crimean wars. In many Russian journals, the emphasis was laid on creating a positive image of some social strata of French society. The author identifies the reasons for this phenomenon. The image of a ‘good Frenchman’ reveals the attitude of Russian press towards acute political and social issues of the time. 1. Бальзак О. де. Избранное / пер. с фр. Р. Резник. М., 1985. 2. Барсуков Н. Жизнь и труды ...