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... that Kant understands ‘human nature’ as mere “subjective grounds” of the exercise of freedom. Further, the author analyses the factors determining the actions of humans as moral beings. First, the article addresses the “predispositions to the good”, which describes a human being as a natural being, cultural being, and a personality. In this connection, different types of reason identified by Kant are stressed and the features of “pure practical reason” as a necessary condition of human ...

... categories, manifested in the moral relativism of man of the twentieth (and, perhaps, the twenty-­first) centuries. The genre of the text “The Lord of the Rings” by Tolkien can be defined as an epic fantasy dedicated to the eternal struggle of good and evil. The confrontation between the two members of the ethical binary opposition of interest to us is at the center of Tolkien’s narrative. In both Lewis’s text and Tolkien’s work, good and evil are not relative categories inherent in the consciousness ...

... transitional period of the special economic zone (SEZ) functioning. The key method of analysis is the comparison of data on the generation of gross regional product and regional foreign economic activities (including export and import of goods and moving goods from/into the Kaliningrad region to other Russian regions). It results in a conceptual CFMER, which is assessed as of 2011. The availability of additional — as compared to a regular region — data on commodity flows in the framework of the SEZ transitional period ...

... two major lines of analysis: a) a comparison of the international trade growth rates of different Russian regions; b) an assessment of the influence of Russian and European prices on the consumer price index as well as prices for particular tradable goods in the Kaliningrad region. Rosstat and Eurostat serve as the main data sources. To test their hypothesis, the authors use the methods of statistical and econometric analysis. The status of the free economic zone and unique geographic position of the Kaliningrad ...

Evaluative lexemes with the “good/kind” semantics representing the concept of “god” are considered on the basis of Old Russian texts of the 11th—14th centuries. The author analyses the semantic features of the functioning of these lexemes. Список сокращений ...

... to justify it by means of one’s own resources requires thinking of God as the external judge in the internal court of justice, respectively as one’s conscience. This reference to God implies that one makes oneself susceptive to the principle of the good instead of vainly trying to make it dependent on one’s own deeds and thoughts. The renunciation of the attempt to justify one’s evil disposition, i.e. the moral conversion to a good disposition, is thus enabled by the principle of the good. Thus ...

... pronoun “I”. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya [Tomsk Sta­te University Journal of Philology], 82, рр. 103—117, http://doi.org/10.17223/1998 6645/82/6 (in Russ.). Markasova, E. V., 2023b. Adjectival predicate “bad/good” with the pronoun I. Tyu­men State University Herald. Humanitites Research. Humanitates, 9 (4), pp. 23—35, https://doi.org/10.21684/2411-197Х-2023-9-4-23-35 (in Russ.). Markasova, E. V., 2024. “I + adjectival predicate’ and historical circumstances ...

... D., 2002. Kant’s Taxonomy of the Emotions. Kantian Review, 6, pp. 109-128. Stolzenberg, J., 2023. Freude und Enthusiasmus. Schiller — Kant — Beethoven. Musiktheorie. Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft, 1, pp. 41-54. Kant, enthusiasm, affect, the good, virtue, motivation, practical reason, Lyotard Stolzenberg J. 40-67 10.5922/0207-6918-2025-1-2

The article describes neological units that have been functioning in the Russian language since the 1990s to characterize artisanal products or various types of counterfeit goods. The cognitive mechanisms underlying their formation are identified, based on the metonymic or metaphorical use of the image of fire, as represented in the root morpheme pal-. It is noted that the word-formation paradigm of the verb palit’ has expanded ...

... events makes it possible to conclude that, striving for absolute freedom, the human being is incapable of protecting themselves from the spiritual captivity of passions and their soul cannot remain independent from such opposite forces as the light and the darkness, good and evil, god and the devil. 1. Александрова З. Е. Словарь синонимов русского языка. М., 2001. 2. Байрон Дж. Г. Каин (мистерия) / пер. И. Бунина // Байрон Дж. Г....

The English adjective GOOD is under study in the article. Samples of its meanings found in dictionaries are compared with those from the Oxford English Corpus. As a result of the contrastive analysis, considerable changes were found. This spectrum of differences as well as ...

... oeuvre – helps show that the fictional conflict of the drama manifested in the images of Adam’s sons is based on the antithesis between the true and false freedom, whereas the general literary structure of the mystery is used to direct the reader to the conclusion that it is impossible for a human being to stay beyond good and evil. 1. Байрон Дж. Г. Каин (мистерия) // Байрон Дж. Г. Сочинения : в 3 т. М., 1974. Т. 2. С. 382—466. 2. Бахтин М. М. Формы времени и хронотопа в романе : ...

... Russian quality journals published between the Napoleonic and Crimean wars. In many Russian journals, the emphasis was laid on creating a positive image of some social strata of French society. The author identifies the reasons for this phenomenon. The image of a ‘good Frenchman’ reveals the attitude of Russian press towards acute political and social issues of the time. 1. Бальзак О. де. Избранное / пер. с фр. Р. Резник. М., 1985. 2. Барсуков Н. Жизнь и труды ...

... production. It is shown that, the supply of cultural goods is characterized by the different level of rarity and consists from creative production, services of the institutions of culture and art, antiques, reproductions of works of art. Given the demand the cultural goods are structured in compliance with inquiries of its dealers, traders, collectors, adherents of prestigious consumption, real connoisseurs of art, consumers of entertainments. The article claims that the sphere of culture is divided into two sectors ...

This article presents the results of a study into changes in prices for goods constituting the minimum consumer basket. The analysis uses the indicative method based on studying variations in the chain growth rate of prices, trends method, and time series variation. The calculations made it possible to describe changes in prices for staple ...

This article considers the right of consumers to knowledge regarding their rights and their protection and information about goods (works, services) and their quality, requirements for such information, and responsibility for the violation of these requirements both at the legislative and judicial levels. 1.  О защите прав потребителей [Электронный ресурс]: закон РФ от 07.02.1992 г. №   2300—1. Доступ из ...

... lowest are among the woodwind players (46.67 %); among vocalists, a higher percentage of tonal perception of sounds (absolute music ear) was observed when listen­ing to a musical instrument that is familiar to you — voice, but not instru­ments, the percentage of vocalists with good interval perception of sounds (relative music ear) is also high. 1. Hyde K. L., Lerch J., Norton A. et al. The Effects of Musical Training on Structural Brain Development: a longitudinal Study // The Neurosciences and Music III: Dis­orders and ...

.... In: A. V. Chernjaev and T. G. Shchedrina, eds. 2021. Institut nauchnoi filosofii. Nachalo [The Institute of Scientific Philosophy. The Beginning]. Moscow: Politicheskaya entsiklopediya, pp. 82-91. (In Rus.) Solovyov, V., 1918. The Justification of the Good: An Essay on Moral Philosophy. Translated by N. Duddington with a note by S. Graham. London: Constable and Company LTD. Tolstoy, L., 1904a. My Religion. In: The Complete Works of Count Tolstoy. Translated and edited by L. Wiener. Volume XVI. Boston: ...

.... Zur perspektivistisch-metaphilosophischen Begründung der Vernunft im Anschluss an Kant und Fichte. Freiburg & München: Alber. Lossky, N. O., 1932. Freedom of Will. Translated by N. A. Duddington. London: Williams & Norgate. Lossky, N. O., 1991a. The Conditions of Absolute Good. Moscow: Political Literature Publishers. (In Rus.). Lossky, N. O., 1991b. The Types of Worldview. In: N. O. Lossky, 1991. Sensual, Intellectual, and Mystical Intuition. Moscow: Respublika, pp. 4-135. (In Rus.). Lossky, N. O., 1994. God and Evil....

..., translated by M. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Korsgaard, C., 1997. Creating the Kingdom of Ends. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Korsgaard, C., 2008. From Duty and for the Sake of the Noble: Kant and Aristotle on Morally Good Action. In: C. Korsgaard, 2008. The Constitution of Agency: Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 174-206. McDowell, J., 1998a. Are Moral Requirements Hypothetical Imperatives? In: J. McDowell, 1998. Mind, Value and Reality. Cambridge,...

... Works of Spinoza. Volume I. Edited by E. Curley. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Vossenkuhl, W., 1994. Spontaneität. Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung, 48(3), pp. 329-349. Zovko, M.-É. 2013. Involved in Humankind: Nature, Virtue and the Good We Desire for Ourselves and for Others. Knowledge Cultures, 1/2, pp. 264-300. Zovko, M.-É. 2014. Impassioned by Passion: Knowledge and Love in Plato and Spinoza. Dionysius, 32, pp. 140-171. Zovko, M.-É., 2018. Poetry and Play in Kant’s Critique ...