On mechanical resonances and anti-resonances
To study resonance and near-resonance phenomena, a symbolic (complex) method was used, which makes it possible to significantly increase productivity, simplify and formalize mathematical transformations. Parallel and sequential connections of elements of a mechanical system with a source of force or a source of speed as a source of external mechanical harmonic action are considered. Four modes are described — resonances and antiresonances of forces and velocities. The use of the symbolic (complex)...
On determining the import-replacement share for mechanical engineering in the Kaliningrad region
The region's mechanical engineering contributes most to the rapid and efficient transition from the previous to the subsequent technological level and it was chosen as the object of the current research. The authors identify technological safety within more general scope of national security typology. The article reflects on the empirical data on the scale of mechanical engineering development in industrialized countries. The analysis of import flows of the North-Western subjects of the RF revealed...
Are there Everett worlds?
It is shown that the Everett worlds act on each other with a force that, in principle, can be measured «with a dynamometer». Hence the conclusion that these worlds really exist. It is shown that, contrary to popular belief, the many-world (Everett) and «casual» (de Broglie — Bohm) interpretations coincide. A limited path integral was used to describe coordinate measurement in terms of multiworld interpretation.
1. Everett H. «Relative State» Formulation of Quantum Mechanics // Rev...
Trägheit und Raum: Kant und Euler
Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with regards to his view on space and inertia but on the relation between metaphysics and natural science in general. Even though Euler’s Physics built on Newton’s work, he differs...
Numerical modelling of mechanical factors of cranial-cerebral injury using grid-characteristic method
Some results of numerical modelling of mechanical factors of cranial-cerebral injury caused be percussive stress are described. The usage of grid-characteristic method on unstructured grid is discussed. The authors intro-duce some mechanical-mathematical models of brain teguments and provide results obtained using different models.
1.
Белоцерковский О. М.
Численное моделирование в механике сплошных сред. М., 1994.
2.
Новацкий...
Priorities for the development of manufacturing industries in the Kaliningrad region
The Kaliningrad region is a socio-economically developed area with a steadily increasing population. Its economy is predominantly influenced by manufacturing industries, whose growth is supported by the region’s strategic geographic position on the Baltic coast and the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) regime. However, the region’s exclave status, which makes it reliant on external factors, hinders its development. Any change in these external factors could necessitate a restructuring of manufacturing...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
The article reports on the results of an economic and sociological study conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with Daugavpils University (Latvia) in 2020—2021. The study aimed to identify the reasons for the disparity in the development of small towns in Latvia. A comprehensive approach was taken to integrate the results of territorial, spatial and socio-economic analyses. By employing the methodology of indexing and ranking large-scale empirical...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
The article explores the challenges encountered during the formation of the Baltic macro-region comprising Russia and eight EU countries (Germany, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia) in the context of the ongoing geopolitical and geo-economic changes. The article aims to assess the dynamics, level, structure and pace of economic development of three Russian regions located on the Baltic Sea (St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions) and analyse the intensity...
Image, eidos, figura, pattern. How words help to recognize patterns and understand their reference and sense?
The article explores the process of image recognition. The author analyses everyday language to identify correlattions between cognitive patterns of the image and a set of alternative etymons and cognitive patterns in Russian and other languages — Greek, Latin, English, German. Links between them form a vast conceptual space associated with image recognition. The author proposes a pattern of image recognition, which is, in its simplified form, unfolding from a quantum automaton, to its "saturation"...
Two-dimensional supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the Moutard transformations
This is a treatise on a two-dimensional supersymmetric hamiltonian H whose components consists of two scalar (h0, h1) and one matrix-valued hml quantum-mechanical Hamiltonians with constant terms added to the mix. In particular, the article discusses the ways to utilize a known solution of the spectral problem for operator h0 in the multi-dimensional generalization of the factorization method in order to pro-duce such hml and h1 that their ground-state eigenvalues will be identical...
Dynamics of a cargo lift system
A device for lifting of a cargo is modeled by a mechanical system with three degrees of freedom. With the increase in the weight of the load is reduced the steady-state rotation speed of the drum, the settling time varies slightly. The calculation of the oscillation frequency of the cable relative to the vertical. It is established that change of the angular velocity deviations correspond to oscillations of mathematical pendulum with variable length strings. Reducing the axial moment of inertia of...
Endosurgical treatment of bile-duct stones
The article describes endosurgical treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by large and multiple calculi of the bile ducts. The authors analyse reasons for a decreasing efficiency of the method and offer a more advanced operating technique. The article contains a comparative study of the proposed technique and the traditional endosurgery and open surgery methods.
1. Александров С. В. Возможности эндоскопической лазерной литотрипсии у...
Features of the development of an individual educational trajectory in the framework of cluster approach
This paper is devoted to the problems of contemporary Russian education system and solutions to them. The best way to respond to these challenges is the introduction of cluster approach into the education system. This work analyses the organization of interaction between the agents of educational process in the framework of traditional and cluster approach. It is stressed that cluster approach to organizing the training of specialists in mechanical engi¬neering can solve most urgent problems. The...
Numerical solution of elastic-acoustic problems with the help of grid-characteristic method
Wave processes in elastic-acoustic problems are simulated with the help of grid-characteristic method, in particular, for the offshore seismic prospecting. We consider systems of water-soil-hydrocarbon-bearing layer and ice-water-soil-hydrocarbon-bearing layer
1. Etter P. C. Underwater acoustic modelling and simulation. L., 2003.
2. Куликовский А. Г., Погорелов Н. В., Семенов А. Ю. Математические вопросы численного решения гиперболических...
Joint modeling of elastic and acoustic waves in the Arctic
Numerical solutions of seismic prospecting problems in the Arctic is presented. Results of numerical modeling of the explosive impact on the iceberg and earthquake impact on the oil storage are considered as well. The complete system of equations describing the state elastic body and a system of equations describing the acoustic field are solved using grid-characteristic method, the contact condition between the liquid and the solid is used on the border
1. Etter P. C. Underwater acoustic modelling...
On interdisciplinary connections in training specialists in theory of elasticity
This article addresses the problem of training specialists in elasticity theory. The author suggests parallel studying of mathematics and mechanics, in particular, elasticity theory. The author considers the case of organizing training process for solving a two-dimensional problem of the theory through an inversed method. It is shown that the analysis of inversed problems of elasticity theory can contribute to the efficient solution of methodological issues of teaching mathematics and mechanics....
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
Economic sanctions and countersanctions are expanding worldwide, posing spatially heterogeneous threats to most countries. The study aims to develop and test a methodology for assessing regional exposure to sanctions risks using Russian data. The share of foreign trade with the countries that introduced restrictions can be used to evaluate the exposure to new trade barriers. In several cases, this share exceeded 50 %, necessitating a rapid reorientation of product flows in Nenets, Khanty-Mansiysk...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
This paper aims to study how geopolitical shifts affect regional economies and their structures. Border functions and regimes act as tools for the economy and society to adapt to the redistribution of political influence, movements of people, goods, capital and information between integration associations, individual countries and their cores. A changed environment may slow down the development of some industries (and even cause them to decline) and give a boost to others, with these two processes...
Formation of a reclamation layer at open-cast mining
Land reclamation must ensure that the quality of the land complies with environmental quality standards and the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this work was to study the process of formation of a reclamation layer in open-cast coal mines. The indicators of the quality of the fertile soil layer should correlate to the quality of the fertile soil layer on average for the region. For effective recultivation, the fertile soil layer should be distinguished...
Methods of combating hogweed (Heracleum spondylium) and the possibility of their application in the Kaliningrad region
The study deals with the problem of the hogweed thickets spread and ways to solve this issue. Initially, hogweed was grown in the USSR for livestock feed, but it grew uncontrollably and became a threat to the local flora and humans. The study describes a variety of control methods for hogweed, including chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical methods, as well as grazing and mulching. The methods have been evaluated and compared, and it is suggested that an integrated approach combining several...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
This article aims to analyse current geodemographic changes in Poland, based on the data of the 2021 National Population and Housing Census. Methods, traditional for socioeconomic geography, such as zoning, were employed. Poland’s population decreased during the inter-census period (2011—2021), with the urban population declining faster than its rural counterpart. The large voivodeships aligned along the Vistula ‘axis’ — Mazowiecka, Lesser Poland and Pomerania — outperform other Polish...
Urban speech as an object of linguistic research: written and spoken varieties
The article focuses on methodological tendences in urban language research. Authors, meanwhile, substantiate rationality of its spoken and written varieties as separate fields of study. These studies are marked with a high rate of activity and they highlight a new concept of the «regiolect» — a regional variety of the national language. The analysis of the scientific results of linguo-urbanistics reveals the dominance of the onomastic vector and obvious lack of research into urban speech. The...
Conceptualization of prayer in the diary discourse of L. N. Tolstoy
The article is devoted to analyzing ideas about prayer reflected in Leo Tolstoy’s diaries. The research has been carried out using methods of continuous sampling of diary notes dedicated to prayer, conceptual analysis aimed at highlighting its cognitive features, as well as private techniques for analyzing the semantics of a keyword. The study has revealed that records of prayer are found throughout the years of keeping a diary. Tolstoy understands prayer as a dialogue with God, as self-understanding...
Who is the one who uses the human language? On Alexsander Kravchenko's article "Language and the Nature of Humanity")
The article is devoted to the polemic with Alexander Kravchenko regarding his thesis that the way out of the protracted crisis in linguistics is to use a systemic approach to linguistic semiosis as biological adaptation. The author argues that linguistics is not in a state of crisis but rather in a state of stagnation. Overcoming it presupposes an intensive methodological search that infinitely expands the horizons of permissible views rather than the use of a system approach that is inadequate...
Digital Technology: Reflections on the Difference between Instrumental Rationality and Practical Reason
Are computers on the way to acquiring “superintelligence”? Can human deliberation and decision-making be fully simulated by the mechanical execution of AI programmes? On close examination these expectations turn out not to be well-founded, since algorithms (or, in Kantian terms, “imperatives of skill” that are implemented by technological means) do, ultimately, have “heteronomous” characteristics. So-called AI-“autonomy” is a sensor-directed performance automatism, which — compared...
Portfolio optimization in the case of an exponential utility function and in the presence of an illiquid asset
We study an optimization problem for a portfolio with a risk-free, a liquid, and an illiquid risky asset. The illiquid risky asset is sold in an exogenous random moment with a prescribed liquidation time distribution. We assume that the investor chooses an exponential utility function. Study of optimization problems with three assets including an illiquid asset leads to three-dimensional nonlinear Hamilton — Jacobi — Bellman (HJB) equations.
It is well known that the exponential utility...
The closed piecewise uniform string revisited
We reconsider the composite string model introduced 30 years ago to study the vacuum energy. The model consists of a scalar field, describing the transversal vibrations of a string consisting of piecewise constant sections with different tensions and mass densities, keeping the speed of light constant across the section. We consider the spectrum using transfer matrices and Chebyshev polynomials to get a closed formula for the eigenfrequencies. We calculate vacuum and free energy as well as the entropy...
Regional innovation security as a coherence of multi-cyclic self-organizing: experience in building an ideal model
The article reflects the results of constructing an ideal synchronization model of regional economic reproduction subcycles. Achieving coherence through the mechanisms of self-organization and self-regulation is viewed to be the means of overcoming geo-economic instability. The study models the phase conjugation of information and innovation subcycle with the production and investment one, organizational one and human capital dynamics. Based on logical imitation modeling, the research identifies...
On the question of extended two-dimensional non-relativistic supersymmetry
An algorithm for realizing the algebra of two-dimensional supersymmetric quantum mechanics is described. The cases N = 2 and N = 3 are described in detail. The procedure for iterating Darboux transformations is considered separately. In contrast to the one-dimensional case, in which the problem is completely solved by Krum's formulas, iterations of two-dimensional Darboux transformations remain insufficiently understood.
Yurova A. A., Chirikov R. V.
supersymmetry, Darboux transform,...
Kant’s Asynchronicity Concerning Newtonian Space and Gravity in his Pre-Critical Writings
Kant’s ‘Newtonianism’ has been rightly highlighted by figures like Friedman. The follow-up debates led to a more adequate view on Kant’s natural philosophy and in particular his relation towards Newton. But the discussion that evolved did not point to the asynchronicity that takes place in Kant’s struggle with the central Newtonian concepts. Newtonian space and gravity, in revised form, are of central concern to Kant’s critical philosophy. But Kant adapted and re-evaluated these two concepts...
Argumentum ad morti in the violence discourse: the semantics and pragmatics of ‘radical’ argumentation
The appeal to death is a type of argument that either explicitly or implicitly invokes human finitude. This rhetorical device contributes to the credibility of requests, wishes, etc., or blocks communication. The illocutionary power of the appeal to death is determined by the means it uses, which range from inductive generalisation and deductions to approaching the limit of this generalisation, to the threat of going beyond the existential boundaries of the discourse, to the problem domain losing...
The first Stokes method in the problem of waves on a liquid surface of finite depth
An approximate solution of the problem of the structure and characteristics of a stationary nonlinear periodic wave on the surface of a liquid of finite depth has been obtained. The solution is as follows: first, the kinematic and dynamic conditions are simplified. The Bernoulli integral contributes to the simplification of the dynamic condition. An integral operator of convolution type is introduced. Four functions of one variable are determined, the main of which is the wave level. One linear...
Photoluminescence of the 15NV–-center created by implantation
We study the properties of the spin states in single diamond 15NV–-center at the ground state level anti-crossing. Our approach uses a complete set of commuting operators. We have shown that under certain conditions in 15NV–-center it is possible to obtain a 100 % transfer of polarization from the electron spin to the spin of the 15N nucleus. We believe that these conditions can be satisfied for 15NV–-centers obtained by implantation.
1. Jelezko F., Gaebel T., Popa I. et al. Observation...
Kant’s Dissertation for the Master’s Degree On Fire and the Transformations of his Ideas of Ethereal Matter
Kant’s dissertation for the Master’s degree Succinct Exposition of Some Meditations on Fire was written in Latin in 1755 as a sample (specimen) preceding a Master’s exam, but its first printing did not appear until 1838. What is the relevance of this Master’s dissertation for historical and philosophical studies? To answer this question I analyse the structure and give a brief summary of the dissertation, look at the history of its writing and try to identify the place of this work among...
The Universe of Science. The Architectonic Ideas of Science, Sciences and their Parts in Kant
I argue that Kant has developed a broad systematic account of the architectonic functionality of pure reason that can be used and advanced in contemporary contexts. Reason, in the narrow sense, is responsible for the picture of a well-ordered universe of science consisting of architectonic ideas of science, sciences and parts of sciences. In the first section (I), I show what Kant means by the architectonic ideas by explaining and interrelating the concepts of (a) the faculty of reason, (b) ideas...
On the Role of Gesinnung in Kant’s Ethics and Philosophy of Religion. Part I
Kant’s concept of Gesinnung reveals the whole range of its problematic potential when it has to be translated into other languages: there are no ready-made equivalents. The problem stems from the evolution of this concept in Kant himself from the pre-Critical (“mode of thinking”, “convictions”, “virtuousness”, “virtues”, “sentiments”, “inclinations”, “aspirations”) to the critical works and then in the Critical period in Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason. Further...
The dynamics of agricultural land use in the North-West of Russia and the Baltic countries
The agricultural land dynamics is one of the central issues of land use in Europe and Russia. Each historical period is characterized by its own model of agricultural land use. The analysis of its dynamics in the North-West of Russia and the Baltic countries was based on the following parameters: the area of cultivated agricultural land and the rate of change, the grain yield and its dynamics. Database analysis from 1848—52 until 2015—18 allowed to identify the stages of the agricultural...
A synthesis of genres in Andrey Bolotov’s memoirs
Although the genre status of the memoirs of the Russian writer Andrei T. Bolotov has been repeatedly raised in the literature, it has never merited a separate study. This article analyses the structure of Bolotov’s memoirs in terms of their genre peculiarity. Text analysis shows that, when writing his memoirs, Bolotov used techniques borrowed from across various genres with which he was well acquainted. Those were the novel, the epistolary genre, the travelogue, the historical essay, etc. In the...
On the Pushkin text in the poetry of Perestroika
This article is devoted to Perestroika poets referring to the Pushkin text as a ‘tuning fork’ in reconfiguring poetics. The study aims to show that, in this case, intertextual connection create a special text-within-a-text. The corpus, intertextual, and compositional methods are used to analyse Pushkin-invoking texts by Yuri Arabov, Vladimir Druk, Timur Kibirov, and other poets. It is concluded that these authors perceive Pushkin’s poetry as a lexicon whose units can be used for building countless...
Ultrasound anatomy of the skin: review
A review of the skin ultrasound publications shows that this examination is one of the most popular diagnostic procedures in dermatology, cosmetology and oncology. Current research data defined the concept of "ultrasound anatomy of the skin", it is noted that an ultrasound examination of healthy skin with modern sensors can visualize three of its layers, appendages of skin and vessels of small diameter, located in the dermis and the upper layer of subcutaneous fat tissue. The...
Method for Calculating the Optimal Configuration of a Wind Generator
Paper is devoted to development of calculation method for optimal configuration of wind generators. Electromechanical features of permanent magnets synchronous generators with round rotor are researched, formularization is made for these features. Also mechanical properties of wind turbines with horizontal rotation axis are described. Reviewed theoretical materials allowed to develop calculation method of wind turbine parameters and gearbox parameters for performing nominal output power with...
1+1-Dimensional Yang — Mills Equations and Mass via Quasiclassical Correction to Action
Two-dimensional Yang — Mills models in a pseudo-euclidean space are considered from a point of view of a class of nonlinear Klein — Gordon — Fock equations. It is shown that the Nahm reduction does not work, another, novel choice is proposed and investigated. A quasiclassical quantization of the models is based on Feynmann — Maslov path integral construction and its zeta function representation in terms of a Green function diagonal for an auxiliary heat equation with an elliptic potential...
‘Reaching out’ beyond the text: philosophical notes
In this article, I define the concept of text and briefly discuss the related concepts of speech and discourse. I demonstrate how the humanities treat texts and examine the structural-semiotic and the hermeneutic approach. Further, I identify both the differences between these approaches and the similarities in the ways they interpret texts. I argue that the philosophical approach seeks to go beyond the text as far as possible without leaving it altogether and stress that the divide between the...