Schelling’s Criticism of Ontological Argument and Interpretation of Kant’s Doctrine of the Ideal of Reason
To reconstruct a critique of the ontological proof of the existence of God in Schelling’s philosophy I examine his interpretation of the ontological argument by Anselm of Canterbury and Descartes as well as Schelling’s assessment of the critique of the Kantian ontological proof of the existence of God. I ...
The Green Meadow. Kant´s new Definition of the Modal Concept of Existence in the First Moment of the “Analytic of the Beautiful”
Contrary to the standard view in the Kant literature, I argue that the concept of “existence” is the real focus of Kant’s investigation in the “First Moment” of the “Analytic of the Beautiful” in the Critique of the Power of Judgment. That is, “existence” is not a secondary or subordinate part of a more general discourse ...
The distinguishing characteristics of the existential LONELINESS verbal implementation in the authorial narrative discourse of F. Kafka
This article is devoted to considering the key notions of existential philosophy such as “existential intent” and “existential”. Scientific credence is given to their relevance to linguistic researches and correlation with the basic notions of cognitive linguistics. More specifically, this article exposes the kernel and the peripheral concepts of the existential LONELINESS. It also reveals the analysis of their representation peculiarities in the nonfictional and the fictional discourse of...
Christian Wolff and Immanuel Kant on the Existence of God
The positions of Christian Wolff and Immanuel Kant on the possibility of proving the existence of God require some examination. Wolff’s critique of the physical-theological proof and his proposed ways of improving it are here analysed. God is central to Wolff’s philosophical system and the fundamental prerequisite of his theoretical ...
Ideas of Kant’s theoretical philosophy in Peirce’s graph theory
C. S. Peirce is a prominent figure in the nineteenth-century American philosophy. His contribution to philosophy and logic is enormous. The significance of some of his ideas was not realized until today. As a philosopher, Peirce was shaped by Kant, whose Critique of Pure Reason he knew almost by heart. Peirce was fascinated by the German thinker, who literally opened for him the philosophy of modern era and introduced him to the problem of cognition and increment of knowledge. Peirce was never a...
Kant, Gödel, and the problem of synthetic a priori judgements
Debates over Kant’s famous postulate about the existence of synthetic a priori judgements in mathematics, formulated in the Critique of Pure Reason, have been raging for over two centuries. On the one hand, it was fiercely criticised by neo-positivists in the early 20th century. On the other hand,...
The ontological argument: an “office” solution
There are two important facts that prevent the success of the so called "ontological argument": 1) the use of the concept of existence as a real predicate and 2) the confusion of de re and de dicto modalities. The article considers a way to overcome the former problem proposed by the Czech logician Pavel Tichý.
1. Ансельм Кентерберийский. Сочинения ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... attempts have been made to develop methodological approaches for calculating GMP, with papers [1], [39] presenting examples. Notably, the study [39] proposes a new methodology for calculating gross value added.
It is essential to acknowledge that all existing approaches to calculating GMP are based on certain assumptions, which are not always accurate. More precise estimates, as demonstrated in [39], rely on large-scale primary information collection from enterprises and organizations. However, ...
The adaptation of Russian regions’ economies to the rupture of relations with Europe: the case of Baltic Sea ports
... nations supportive of Russia but also in the rising investments directed toward projects facilitating the enlargement of foreign trade relations in the southern and eastern regions of Russia. This includes the construction of new ports, the expansion of existing ones, the enhancement of border crossings, the augmentation of transport route capacities, and the relocation of certain types of production activities to the east, among other initiatives.
At the same time, the imposition of sanctions has led ...
The Mobius strip of the pragmasemantics of sense: from culture through subjectivity to nothingness and back
... "strange loop" (as described by Hofstadter), in which the inner becomes entwined with the outer, and the social intertwines with the individual. In this way, the possessor of self-consciousness gains a broader worldview extending beyond physical existence. This expanded perspective not only facilitates responses to situationality but also enhances the potential to proactively pre-adapt to one's environment. Selfhood is a flexible entity, receptive to new content, capable of self-modification,...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... Fedorov, “the geodemographic characteristics of regions affect the direction and rate of their socioeconomic development, whereas the emerging disparities between the actual living standards and the desired course of regional development can aggravate existing economic and social problems” [11, p. 7]. Characterizing the territorial differentiation of the geodemographic development in the Baltic region, Kuznetsova and Fedorov correctly state that “in highly developed regions demographic indicators ...
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... this study will focus on NUTS 3 level, which represents lesser territories. The clustering will be carried out at that level as well.<5>
The study encompasses a decade-long period, spanning from 2009 to 2019. The selection was determined by the existing dynamic data series from the Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian statistical authorities. Information on the data of interest was taken from the official websites of the statistical offices of the Baltic States: Statistics Estonia,<6> Central ...
Character’s existence in the Königsberg/Kaliningrad toposphere: Yu.N Ivanov’s Dances in the Crematorium and Michael Wieck’s The Decline of Königsberg
A comparative analysis of the existence of the main characters in Yuri Ivanov’s Dances in the Crematorium and Michael Wieck’s The Decline of Königsberg demonstrates clear typological convergences. The common toposphere is Königsberg/Kaliningrad, which incorporates a wide range ...
Edward Stachura’s existential character and the Polish wedding chronotope
This article analyses the spatial and temporal structure of Edward Stachura’s short story “The Wedding” in an intertextual dialogue with Sta-nislaw Wyspianski’s play of the same name and in the existential literary-philosophical context. The author focuses on the problem of relations between the individual and the historical national community. The article analyses the logic of solving this problem in the romantic context of Wyspianski’s thinking and the existential context of Stachura’s...
The existential strategies of the power over things: labour, acquisitiveness, adventure
Using the concept of «power over things», this article describes human experience in the ownership,management and disposal of things. The diversity of this experience manifests itself in the existential strategies of power over things distinguished by the author — labour, adventures and acquisitiveness. The suggested line of analysis extends the field of meanings and prospects of philosophical research on power, including that involving the comprehension of power in the life of a human being...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... continued evolution of the more general concept of territorial organisation of society. From this perspective, the subject of political geography is the territorial-political organisation of society and its product — territorial-political systems existing both de jure and de facto, with ‘political-geographical sites’ as their basic units. This widely utilised concept is also the most operational as it links the theoretical subject to the observable geo-space (territory), which is interpreted ...
The Boundaries of Ecological Ethics: Kant’s Philosophy in Dialog with the “End of Human Exclusiveness” Thesis
The developers of ecological ethics claim that the rationale of anthropocentrism is false. Its main message is that natural complexes and resources exist to be useful to the human being who sees them only from the perspective of using them and does not take into account their intrinsic value. Kant’s anthropocentric teaching argues that the instrumental attitude to nature has its limits. These limits ...
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... harnessed to initiate or accelerate radical changes.
Evolutionary economic geography, which considers the development trajectories of countries and regions of the world [23], increasingly supports the view that regions’ ability to innovate beyond the existing paradigm underlies resilience [24]. Asheim and Herstad [25] note that innovation is a key factor in economic restructuring, resilience and sustainable development. Technological innovations help to overcome inertia and leave long-established ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... increase was due to inertia: it continued regardless of the emerging tension between Russia and the largest EU states. At the same time, it was a product of the Eurocentric mindset of a part of Russian society, which added to the effect of the already existing core-periphery gradient. Subsequent geopolitical events, coupled with economic and natural factors, prompted the population of Russia’s Far East to concentrate in the Vladivostok agglomeration, this process becoming evident as early as the ...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... world, contributing to further digitalization. With the development of digital technologies, research in the field of human geography has received a new impetus. The impact of the Internet on all spheres of life has necessitated a rethinking of the existing geographical approaches to the study of physical space and the emergence of a new object of research — digital space. On the one hand, the latter is closely connected with traditional institutions and systems. On the other hand, it is characterized ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
For several decades, EU-Russian regional cooperation helped effectively respond to the local challenges. The EU terminated programmes for regional cooperation with Russia and Belarus in 2022. The existing paradiplomatic structure, however, may be of interest to scholars and policymakers as a model to be reproduced by Russia in cooperation with non-EU neighbours. The study aims to identify the main trends in paradiplomacy by examining Russian-Finnish ...
Signs and senses as an epistemological problem
... caused by philosophy of external realism and the representational theory of cognition based on it. Reification of linguistic signs, along with the erroneous view of the nature and function of language as a communication tool rather than the mode of existence of humans as living (cognitive) systems, impedes scientific explanation of both language and linguistic signs. As an alternative, the core problem of semiotics is approached within the framework of constructivist epistemology that allows ...
Apology of Human Existence vs “Ideal Homicide”: S.L. Frank’s Anthropological Project.
The emergence of S. L. Frank’s philosophy cannot be understood without clarifying his attitude to Immanuel Kant. Following the early representatives of the theory of cognition of his time who undertook to understand Kant in order to go beyond him (W. Windelband) and their warning against turning Kant’s philosophy into a dogma and allowing for diverse interpretations of Kant (P. Natorp), Frank saw Kant not as a critic and “destroyer” of metaphysics, but as a thinker who laid the foundations...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... analyzing the components of Russia’s geopolitical security or risks, one must consider the systemic duality of the Russian Federation and its external geopolitical context. The focus of attention should be on identifying the risks generated by the existing geopolitical architecture of the world, as well as its major transformations, including the transition to a multipolar model accompanied by general turbulence [31] and the formation of regional powerhouses along almost the entire perimeter of ...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... January 2017, the updated website of the UN Statistics Division categorised the three republics as Nordic states, much to the approval of Baltic politicians.<3>
Of all the three states, Estonia has the most articulated position in denying the existence of a ‘Baltic identity’. That is why the country was chosen for consideration in this study. Striving to provide a rationale for excluding their state from the Baltic region, Estonian politicians pursue two main narratives. The first one ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... 2005, there have been from two to four other parties and blocks in the Sejm along with PiS and PO. As parts of the governing coalition, those parties ensure parliamentary majority. The current type of Poland’s multiparty system differs from that that existed in the 1990s. Using the term introduced by Maurice Duverger [1, p. 298], we may say that Poland’s multiparty system is demonstrating a ‘two-party tendency’. It may also be called a two-and-a-half party system, as defined in Alan Siaroff’s ...
Identification of intonation and emotions of the native language in vocal melody perception
The issue of interrelation between vocal music and native language intonation has constantly been arousing academic interest among intonation researchers. As a form of language existence, vocal music reveals specific tonal features that imply communicative and emotive meanings perceived via the human auditory faculty. A vocal-music utterance is intonationally correlated with samples of oral speech, this fact proving intonological ...
Action-thoughts and the genesis of time in linguistic semiosis
... Lenneberg, eds. Psychology and Biology of Language and Thought: Essays in honor of Eric Lenneberg. New York, pp. 27—63.
Maturana, H. R., 1978. Ontology of observing: The biological foundations of self-consciousness and of the physical domain of existence. In: Texts in cybernetic theory: conference workbook (American Society for Cybernetics Conference, 18—23 October 1988. Felton, pp. 4—53.
Maturana, H. R., 1984. The tree of knowledge: the biological roots of human understanding. Boston....
The Problem of Being: Kant and Heidegger
... which Heidegger was writing intermittently during the period from 1927 to 1964. It deals not only with the ideas of the Critique of Pure Reason but also with Kant’s pre-critical work, The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God (1763), in which Kant explicitly addressed the question of being for the first time. Heidegger focuses on the transcendental power of imagination not only as the “common root” of sensibility and understanding, but also as the fundamental ...
De re attitude reports about disjunctive attitudes
This paper discusses the semantics of so-called de re propositional attitudes. According to the standard Kaplanian analysis, the semantics of such dicta contains existential quantification over functions that map the attitude holder and the object of their de re attitude to an individual concept by which the attitude holder identifies the object. This existential quantification has a wider scope than the universal quantification over possible worlds that is generally associated with the semantics...
The potential of natural and economic ecosystem accounting to support the management of coastal and marine territories on the example of the Kaliningrad region
The article reveals the statistical potential and the existing possibilities of establishing environmental-economic and ecosystem accounting to support coastal and marine management in the Kaliningrad region. The relevance of these accounts is determined by the geopolitical role and strategic importance ...
Worlds «Phoenix»
The problem of Boltzmann observers is discussed. It is shown that Page's proposed way of solving the problem includes this universe, which exists ordered observers, exists for no more than a second, after which it is destroyed by a bubble of a new phase. The mass of the superheavy gravitino is estimated to be one more than Page's estimate.
Yurov V. A., Yurova A. A.
Boltzmann brain,...
Two-stem names: history and current state
... belonging to separate languages). Linguistic material in question is obtained in the dictionaries of personal names by leading experts, N. A. Petrovsky and A. V. Superanskaya and is introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. The existence of these names today is traced, the degree of their popularity is determined.
1. Бондалетов В. Д. Русская ономастика. М., 1983.
2. Вельтман А. Ф. Древние славянские собственные ...
Potential of Russian-Indian scientific cooperation (the case of western border regions of Russia)
... development and the priorities of national scientific systems. The research methodology is based on spatial scientometrics. The data source is the international abstract scientific citation base Dimensions. The authors reveal an insufficient level of existing scientific cooperation between India and Russia which is expressed in a relatively small number of co-authored publications in 2000—2019. The most productive in terms of an increased number of collaborative articles and citations are five ...
Equivocality in Delineating the Borders of a Cluster: The Baltic’s Case
... between states striving to integrate into the global economic system has created a need for a spatially targeted regional policy as a means of boosting national competitiveness. The regional polarisation approach, which seeks to create new and support the existing nodes of a regional economic system — clusters, technopoles, industrial districts, etc., — has gained wide currency in public administration. The heralds of such forms of spatial networking are various institutional, cultural, organizational,...
Are there Everett worlds?
It is shown that the Everett worlds act on each other with a force that, in principle, can be measured «with a dynamometer». Hence the conclusion that these worlds really exist. It is shown that, contrary to popular belief, the many-world (Everett) and «casual» (de Broglie — Bohm) interpretations coincide. A limited path integral was used to describe coordinate measurement in terms of multiworld interpretation....
Methods for assessing the quality of life of Russian urban youth
In this article, I carry out a critical analysis of the existing methods for assessing the quality of life of cities and propose a method for assessing Russian cities as experienced by youth. The main result of this study is a method that can be used by municipal authorities in preparing strategic planning ...
How translations are willed into existence
This paper will argue that translations are willed into existence in three conceivable ways: pull, push and shuffle. Pull is the most intuitive form. It corresponds, for example, to a publishing house that decides to translate a foreign novel. Here, the initiative to invest in a new translation project is ...
Discursive practices of the Russian diaspora in Estonia: language contacts
In this article, I use the concept of discursive practices to consider the speech practices of the Russian diaspora of Estonia. The findings of the study suggest the existence of an invariant discourse generated by an exemplary member of the diaspora. Such a discourse has formal (borrowings, code-switching, etc.), semantic (referential shifts, semantically re-oriented vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The ...
Der Prozess über "Ein Hundert Talers": via eminentiae
... various positions in the suit about “hundred thalers” opened by Kant’s criticism of ontological argument are compared. It is argued that Heidegger’s concept of being as transcendental predicate cannot be identified with Frege’s treatment of existence as a second-order predicate. Furthermore it is shown that the understanding of being as perfection by Aquinas is quite similar to Kant’s concept of being as absolute positing in the via eminentiae perspective.
1. Аверинцев С. С....
Steven Makin’s ontological argument: The concept of necessary exis¬ten¬ce of God
This article deals with one of the most elegant and non-standard versions of the modal onto-logical argument for God’s existence, which was proposed by the analytic philosopher Stephen Makin in 1988. He managed to avoid the famous criticism of Kant concerning the impossibility of acknowledging the predicate ‘to exist’ as real. Makin’s argument is not based on proving ...
On the protection of the right of disabled people to transportation services
... ensure equal access of people with various disabilities to transport. This article examines the rights of disabled people associated with the use of vehicles as well as the main problems pertaining to it. The author considers legal practices and the existing provisions for ensuring access to transport and suggests possible comprehensive solutions to the most serious problems in this area.
1. Конституция Российской Федерации: официальный текст. М....
Kant, Radical Agnosticism, and Methodological Eliminativism about Things-in-Themselves
... resolution can be found. Indeed, he believes that such a resolution has been found. Kantian Radical Agnosticism (KRA) says that ‘we can and do know a priori that we cannot know either the nature of things in themselves or whether things in themselves exist or do not exist’. Kantian Methodological Eliminativism (KME) about things in themselves says that for the purposes of the theory of real (i. e., anthropocentric, “humanfaced”) transcendental idealism we can completely ignore things in themselves....
Energy and the Ways of its Conceptualisation in Cognition: an Attempt at an Epistemological Analysis
... problematiku imyaslavskikh sporov [The sacred mystery of the Church: Introduction to the history and issues of the imyaslavsky controversies]. St. Petersburg.
18. Ioann (Ziziulas), metropolitan, 2006. Bytie kak obshchenie: Ocherki o lichnosti i Tserkvi [Existence as communion: Essays on the individual and the Church]. Moscow.
19. Lebedev, A. V., 1983. Act and potency. In: L. F. Il'ichev, P. N. Fedoseev, S. M. Kovalev, V. G. Panov, eds. Filosofskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar' [Philosophical encyclopedic ...
Existential Eschatological conception in V.Rozanov's "Apocalypse of our time" and "Disintegration of the atom" by G.Ivanov
The article focuses on the comparative analysis of V. Rozanov's "Apocalypse of our time" and G. Ivanov's prosaic poem , "Disintegration of the atom" in the context of eschatological traditions of Russian literature. Dialogical relations are established between the existential tragic perception of the two authors and the Old Believers' concept of spiritual antichrist.
1. Бердяев Н. А. Духи русской революции // Вехи. Из глубины. М.,...
Kant and Hegel, an alleged right and the ‘inverted world’
... of powers, whereas power is a category that makes it possible to understand the supersensible as a realm of laws. This interpretation is inherent in the system of not only theoretical but also practical reason. Freedom is the ‘substance’ of human existence. The unity of freedom is an idea, whose unity is presented in the diversity of actions in the sensible world. A condition for cognising freedom is the categorical imperative. Apparently, applying the moral law formula may lead to contradictions....
The Welfare State (Social State) in the Russian Federation as a Constitutional Principle and its Practical Implementation
... Hectare". Based on the conducted analysis the authors of the article have made several suggestions regarding pragmatic realization of the constitutional principle of the Welfare State (Social State), and also regarding further modernization of the existing projects of social innovations in the Russian Federation.
The authors are investigating the content and practical implementation of the constitutional principle of the social (welfare) state in the Russian Federation, especially the relevant ...
Strongly associated threefold distributions of projective space
... linear elements and hyperband distribution. However, the analogy does not relate to the geometry of the base only or equipping distributions taken separately. Research was carried out by G. F. Laptev method. Determinations of the H -distributionand existence theorems are given in the frame of zero order. Requiring that Λ-, L-, E-distribution were mutually associated we introduce a special class of threefold distributions, which we call strongly associated distributions or SH -distribution. Definition ...
The spatial model of conceptual metaphor in A. Ilichevky’s collection of short stories An Asinine Jaw
... spatial model of the mentioned metaphor and the specific character of its cognitive-semantic organization are revealed. The author identifies the specific features of the metaphorical reconsideration of Russian reality and the ways of the character’s existence in the world. In A.V. Ilichevsky’s short story collection, the conceptual metaphor of death is identified on the basis of the common conceptual metaphor semantics of “vision/no-vision” and “dream”.
1. Дехнич О. В. Концептуальная ...