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The concept of appearance within the framework of the transcendental distinction between “appearance” and “thing in itself” is the cornerstone of Kant’s transcendental philosophy. However, its conceptual status seems largely uncertain. This uncertainty is ...

This study aims, first, to delimit the seemingly synonymous concepts of “phenomenon” and “appearance” and second, to trace the functions of each in Kant’s philosophy and the phenomenological tradition. The analy­sis is based on Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the central works of Edmund Husserl and Eugen Fink. Kant does ...

This article analyses the features of Kant’s [transcendental] philosophy, which Kant himself described as transcendental idealism. On the one hand, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the distinction between things-in-themselves and appearances. On the other hand, our method of cognition is representative in that is based on representations — subjective and objective (objectual) ones. A synthesis of the above considerations suggests that Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the ...

This is a report of the international workshop «Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy 2: Kant’s Appearance, Its Ontological and Epistemic Status» (April 27—29, 2017, Moscow), the tasks of which was (1) to discuss the specificity of transcendental idealism, (2) to study the nature of one of Kant’s important concepts — that of appearance — ...

Kant’s solution for the problem of freedom of the will rests on his transcendental idealism and its differentiation of appearances and things in themselves. Human beings, with their bodies and observable inner and outer activities, are objects of perception (empirical intuition) and therefore appearances. These are only the appearances of their noumenal selves. Human ...

In his book Appearance and Sense Gustav Shpet, comparing Immanuel Kant’s transcendental logic with the traditional probleтs of the philosophy of language, thought it appropriate and conceptually effective to turn to the medieval scholastic debate on universals....

... 300th anniversary of the philosopher Immanuel Kant’s birth, efforts are underway to digitally reconstruct the long-lost historical landscape of Königsberg, the birthplace of the ‘Prussian sage’. This article aims to recreate the architectural appearance of Altstädtischer Markt — the market street in the Old Town (Altstadt), one of the city’s districts. Three-dimensional models of the 18th-century public and residential buildings were constructed using surviving images of the market street-square ...

... example of free reference is a comparison of the events of the recent past with an episode from Abraham’s life. Examples of formulaic references include cases like "Abraham bosom", "children of Abraham", where Abraham not only appears as a forefather of the sacred people, but also personifies the afterlife. The name of Abraham is described in the historical chronology, in which the prophet appears as the emblem of time or a genus. Depending on the context, the formulaic and ...

This article combines two approaches to the analysis of the appearance and territorial structure of Kaliningrad. One approach is based on the field study, the other — on the examination of documents. The former helped define a number of integral regions that were later considered from a historical point of view ...

... Philosophy in Russia]. Kaliningrad: IKBFU Press. (In Rus.) Luft, S., 2005. Cassirer’s Philosophy of Symbolic Forms: Between Reason and Relativism. A Critical Appraisal. Idealistic Studies, 34, pp. 25-47. Motroshilova, N. V., 2006. Gustav Shpet’s Work “Appearance and Sense” as a Milestone in the Development of Russian Phenomenology. History of Philosophy Yearbook, 1, pp. 294-305. (In Rus.) Povilaitis, V. I., 2011. [Book Review] Krouglov A. N. Kant’s Philosophy in Russia at the End of the 18th Century....

... English-language video games. The relevant term “grifonym” is introduced for these nominations, proposed to denote quasi-anthroponyms of beings with a high degree of fictionality, possessing a one- or multi-component structural composition and relating to the appearance, unique characteristics, social role, activities, and origin of a fantasy character endowed with certain anthropomorphic traits. Considering the nature of the activities of grifonym bearers, it is established that, in addition to the universal ...

... article aims to interpret the images of the red horse and the white poodle featured in Victor Sosnora’s poem The Latvian Ballad. These characters, mentioned in the final verses of each odd-numbered stanza, provide the leitmotif of the poem. Their appearance in the fictional world of The Latvian Ballad constitutes the primary event of the text. The title, indicating the genre and setting a national or local context, also significantly influences the meanings attributed to the red horse and the ...

... they are arranged by eras and cultural-ethnic factors. In this regard, it seems fruitful and justified not to build various rationalistic constructions but to take an open look at the very existence of philosophizing. From such perspectives, philosophy appears not so much a single, monolithic, and strictly ordered system as a ‘system of systems’ that are interrelated, interconnected, and reminiscent of Ludwig Wittgenstein's ‘family of language games’. Philosophy is a universal, ultimate understanding ...

... con­sidered in terms of their alchemical symbolism. This point of view makes it possible to identify the psychological function of each character as a reflection of a certain aspect of their psyche. Ovechin, whose image is dominated by the solar symbolism, appears as a projection of Ego and of momentary consciousness. Olya, who is associated with the images of the moon and air, appears as a projection of the Anima, which refers to the subconscious. The narrator and his character play the role of the conscious ...

... Wien, 1934. 6. Fodor J. The Language of Thought. N. Y., 1975. 7. Gellner E. Words and Things, A Critical Account of Linguistic Philosophy and a Study in Ideology. With an Introduction by Bertrand Russell. L., 1959. 8. Goodman N. The Structure of Appearance. Cambridge (Mass.) , 1951. 9. Moore G. E. The Nature and Reality of Objects of Perception. Reprinted in Moore G. E. Logical Studies. L., 1922. 10. Moore G. E. Wittgenstein’s Lectures in 1930—33. I-III // Mind. 1954—1955. Vols. 63, 64....

... conceives of schematism as something entirely new to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories, namely, as preparation for the use of categories as predicates in sentences known as the ‘Principles of Understanding’ referring to phaenomena (appearances in time and space) rather than the undetermined concept of objects in general. To support this interpretation, the author addresses main concepts of the schematism theory (for instance, those of schema, imagination, homogeneity, and time-determination) ...

... doctrinal factor of legal communication as that segment of legal communication mediated by doctrinal texts, through which the legal system is constructed. The proposed definition integrates various manifestations of doctrine within legal communication and appears preferable in terms of conceptual comprehensiveness. Novikov P.D. doctrinal factor, communicative theory of law, legal doctrine, legal reality, legal system, law formation 15-23 10.5922/vestnikhum-2025-1-2

... provisions of the legislation; historical-critical, used to display cause-and-effect relationships in the development of the legal regulation system. Results: The prerequisites for the emergence of legal regulation of the digital (Internet) space in Russia appeared simultaneously with the spread of the Internet in society — in the 1990s, but legislative acts did not directly affect the relevant area, and the regulation was carried out primarily through self-regulation. Nevertheless, government agencies ...

... Self-Consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Taylor, C., 1975. Hegel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Van Cleve, J., 1999. Problems from Kant. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press. German idealism, Kant, Hegel, experience, phenomenon, appearance, noumenon Gutschmidt H., Krioukov A. 68-88 10.5922/0207-6918-2025-1-3

... as well as its early reception and current discussions. The conference of young scholars heard 22 papers whose content is reviewed here. Among the topics were the cultural, social and intellectual conditions in which the treatise on perpetual peace appeared, its influence on the creation of the League of Nations, the UN and the EU; intersections with twentieth-century philosophical projects were also covered. Some original interpretations were offered. Dmitrieva, N. A., ed. 2022. IV Letnyaya ...

... analyzed. Phonetic, lexical, and punctuation differences across all available versions of the text are explored. Hypotheses are proposed to explain the creative history of the text. Particular attention is paid to stanzas absent in earlier versions but appearing in collections published after 2001. The study confirms the hypothesis about the heightened significance of the phonetic level in V. A. Sosnora’s poetic texts, the semantic function of punctuation marks, and repetition as a device structuring ...

... with other prisoners and wardens. The goal of Yakov’s relentless spiritual struggle, in which he overcomes pain and suffering, is to obstruct all dark forces, which he perceives as servants of the Antichrist. In the narrator’s perception, Yashka appears as an ascetic figure, whose underdeveloped intellect masks a genuine striving to comprehend the structure of the world and a tireless determination to fight evil. Identifying the mortal semantics of the prison topos allows for the conclusion that ...

... Russian of the poem ‘Everything has already hap­pened! (Epistle to Julius Stettenheim)’ by the outstanding German scholar, professor at the University of Königsberg, medical practitioner and poet Paul Henry Gerber (1863—1919). The poem first appeared in Gerber’s collection of poems ‘From Youth. Songs and Poetry’ (Ber­lin, 1895); it was also reprinted in a review of the book published in the journal Mnemosyne. The poem, in which gentle humour shades into deep philosophical content, ...

... and rhetoric with his own experiments in versification. The most common form in Theophan's poetry, as well as in the works of the Virsheviks—his predecessors and contemporaries—is the thirteen-syllable verse. This form is genre- and theme-diverse, appearing in odes, epigrams, inscriptions, occasional poems, and humorous poem cycles. However, it is less metrically ordered compared to other types of syllabic verse and exhibits the greatest diversity in accent placement. It actively demonstrates the ...

... nauka [Philosophy and Science]. Edited by T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 5-16. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 1989. Esteticheskie fragmenty [Aesthetic Fragments]. In: G. G. Shpet, 1989. Works. Moscow: Pravda, pp. 343-472. (In Rus.) Shpet, G., 1991. Appearance and Sense. Phenomenology as the Fundamental Science and Its Problems. Translated by T. Nemeth. Dordrecht & Boston & London: Kluwer. Shpet, G. G., 2005. Language and Sense. In: G. G. Shpet, 2005. Mysl’ i Slovo. Izbrannye trudy [Thought and ...

... activities of the migrants. In contrast, the results of the analysis of pottery fragments from the coastal culture at the two settlements revealed a clear similarity, which can be attributed to the use of the same clay sources. However, at Ushakovo-3, there appears to have been a stronger preference for clays from nearby deposits that, while geographically close, exhibited local differences in trace element composition, impacting the technological characteristics of the ceramics. Additionally, rare instances ...

... biota research in the area. Consequently, the number of known taxa in the lichen biota of the Krasnoznamensk district increased to one hundred and thirty-one species. Based on our results, further study of the lichen biota of the Krasnoznamensk district appears promising. Korolëv K.S., Kulakov M.V., Larceva L.O., Pungin A.V. lichens, lichen biota, indicator species, Kaliningrad Region, Baltic Region, North-Western European Russia 101-117 10.5922/vestniknat-2024-2-7

... Most of the comments by Kant scholars on the little work to date have been negative or vague. Here, the text is to be made fruitful for the development of Kant’s thought by shedding light on its historical contexts. On this basis, the little treatise appears as an important link for Kant’s early thinking. It shows how he makes ancient tradition fruitful again for the Enlightenment as a substitute for rapturous and irrational mysticism as we know it from Jacob Böhme, for example. Ackeren, M. ...