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At the present stage, in conditions of geopolitical tension, technologies are actively used that have a manipulative effect on the historical memory of the population. The impact is especially strong on young people. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the perception ...

Formation of the State of Teutonic Order in Prussia in the XIIIth—XIVth centuries based beside military oppression on the relations with local population supported by the incorporation of them in the system of condition landholding. These relations implied, from the one hand, the representation by the Order its own status as a collective ruler, and from the other hand, symbolic expression of the loyalty of Old Prussians in various spheres of social communication: ...

The relevance of the study of proceedings in the court of first instance is determined by the need to build its model in the conditions of public and adversarial criminal proceedings, the purpose of which is to protect human rights. The criminal procedural norms regulating the resolution of a criminal legal dispute need to be systematized in order to apply them most effectively....

... Predictable, Orderly, and Democratic) world to the VUCA (Volatile, Uncer­tain, Complex, and Ambiguous) world. The directions for modernization and integration in the teaching of modules and disciplines in the mathematical and information cycles under the conditions of digitization of mathematical education are presented. These directions open up new possibilities in the preparation of future mathematics teachers who are in demand in the labor market. The authors attempted to analyze the potential of disciplines ...

... in the early 1990s, resulting from a reduction in the frequency of large North Sea inflows, led to a de­crease in salinity and oxygen levels in the bottom layers of the deep basins of the Baltic Sea. This caused a sharp deterioration in the spawning conditions. Factors influencing the Eastern Baltic cod population and changes in the population under the influence of these factors are described. The decisive impact of North Sea inflows and their prolonged absence on the popu­lation's development,...

... assess the vulnerability of the coastal zone on the Kaliningrad Oblast coastline. The CVI method represents a classic scoring system that allows identifying key areas and suggesting a series of measures to pre­vent the deterioration of the coastal condition. vulnerability of the coastal zone, stability of the coastal zone, CVI, coast of the Kaliningrad region 81-94 10.5922/gikbfu-2023-4-6

The Vistula Lagoon is a transboundary lagoon of the Baltic Sea that is subject to signifi­cant pollution and water eutrophication. An assessment of the ecological condition of the la­goon was conducted based on the calculation of modern Russian and foreign water pollution indices for the period 2007—2022. The long-term variability of these parameters was ana­lyzed for the lagoon as a whole and separately for ...

In the current conditions of increasing geopolitical tension and volatility in the global economy, the development of interregional interaction is increasingly seen as a source of eco­nomic growth for Russian regions. However, the study of such interaction should not ...

... analysis was conducted using hourly NOx and SO2 concentration data and meteorological variables (wind speed and direction), which were analyzed over a period of four years (2018—2021). Time series plots, wind and pollutant roses, application of a conditional probability function, and inverse trajectories were considered to analyze the data and identify emission sources. The average concentration of NOx and SO2 for the study period was 2.12 µg/m3 and 0.27 µg/m3, respectively. The results showed ...

... institutional research method and comparative analysis. The main findings emphasize the importance of a flexible approach to managing the intraregional space of the state, regardless of the form of political structure, which would take into account the unique conditions of each region, as well as the need for a balance between national integration and regional autonomy to achieve sustainable development of the country. At the same time, the article presents the characteristics of the processes of development ...

The article examines the dynamics of the development of relations between the countries of the Baltic region, the influence of NATO and the United States on them in the conditions of the emerging polycentric world order. The main risks and threats to Russian regional security at the present time are identified, and measures to localize and neutralize them are proposed. The development of the international situation in ...

... role in Sudan’s socioeconomic and political life. The events of April 2023 once again confirmed the country’s failure to establish stable political institutions since gaining independence. This study aims to examine the historical prerequisites and conditions that led Sudan into civil war and a humanitarian crisis, ultimately resulting in the degradation and collapse of the state. The article concludes that the armed forces are no longer the only successfully functioning institution in the country,...

In recent years, social and economic development has been taking place in Russian regions amidst efforts to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing geopolitical confrontation between Russia and the West. This article aims to analyse the general and specific features in the development of the Kaliningrad semi-exclave between 2017 and 2022 while considering the territory’s spatial heterogeneity. By employing a multi-scale approach and utilising data from Rosstat and Kaliningradstat...

... Firstly, there exists a fairly effective mechanism for safeguarding the national interests of countries party to multilateral international extradition treaties. Secondly, national legislation and regional or bilateral treaties can establish extradition conditions and procedures different from those outlined in universal international treaties for the sake of national interests. Thirdly, there is a need for improvement in the legal regulation of individual stages of the extradition procedure. These findings ...

... the goal: 1) the concept and essence of speech patterns in a specific professional field are specified; 2) similarities and differences in the use of the terms “speech pattern”, “speech template”, “speech cliché” are analyzed; 3) specific conditions for the implementation of the principle in practical pedagogical activities in professionally-oriented foreign language classes are determined; 4) the sequence of methodological and educational actions during foreign language training based ...

... the framework of ethnocultural education implemented by a teacher in an additional education institution are analyzed in the article. Based on the studied sources, factors determining the relevance of the research (the importance of socialization, the conditions of a multicultural world) are identified, and distinctive features of several types of education (polycultural, multicultural, monocultural, and ethnocultural) are separately considered. The authors also examine the characteristics of cultural ...

... from a notable lack of discussion of its content and teaching methods in scientific periodicals. Discussing the general, rather than specific, issues related to the content and teaching of the course is essential for teaching it effectively in current conditions. This approach would also help unify educators teaching this course into a cohesive community with shared challenges and goals. introduction to linguistics, basics of linguistics, general linguistics, textbooks 5-17 10.5922/pikbfu-2024-2-1

The article studies the organization of the pioneer movement from the perspective of the educational process, allowing for the identification of valuable experience for further use in modern conditions, when a new stage of development of children’s organizations is observed in the Russian Federation. Despite the primary goal of ideological education in the pioneer organization, its activities reflected comprehensive elements such as play,...

... (1851—1914), one of the great pi­ano virtuosos of her day and a distinguished professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. It is demonstrated that the success of pedagogical activity of both Anna Yesipova and Boris Zakharov, as one of her students, is conditioned by the comprehensive realization of a wide range of professional pedagogical values. Attitudes, means, knowledge, qualities relevant for the educational process are shown to be subordinated to the main value — the need to provide the student ...

... domestic linguistics. The position is justified regarding the constructive nature of active listening techniques as a strategy for mutual understanding and coordination of communicants’ actions. The effective use of active listening techniques is conditioned by a set of communicative-pragmatic factors, including socio-psychological characteristics of communicants, the situation, and the interaction topic. The obtained results showed that non-compliance / violation of active listening rules and ...

The professional activity of translators is most often realized in specialized professional discourses, especially those regionally conditioned. Specialized discourses, as an institutional type of discourse, exhibit a poly- and inter-discursive character, determining a complex, poly­valent translational process. This study, based on the author’s extensive translation experi­ence,...

... influenced by mining technologies, which directly affect the methods of coal extraction. The study establishes that eluviated material on technogenically disturbed lands shows significant variations in physical and chemical properties depending on the conditions of formation. These differences determine the varying quality of the resulting soils and underscore the need for reclamation efforts. Phytocenoses at later metastable stages of development exhibit impoverished composition and structural deficiencies ...

Currently, callus cultures of medicinal plants are actively used for the production of important biologically active compounds. Investigating conditions that enhance the biosynthesis of these compounds in callus cultures is highly relevant. This article examines the influence of various concentrations of phenylalanine and tyrosine (1—500 µM) on the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant ...

... and laser scanning with a Slam scanner (robotslam lite) were conducted, and the climatic and botanical-geographical characteristics of the area were studied. As a result of the data analysis, it was determined that, overall, the natural and climatic conditions of the area are favorable and allow for reclamation work aimed at creating forest and grassy plantings for sanitary-protective, forestry, and agricultural purposes. In the first stage, it is necessary to create a favorable root zone using potentially ...

... conceptual objectives and avenues to act on. The case of the Kaliningrad region, an exclave highly dependent on external energy supplies, is examined to provide insight into possible scenarios for ensuring the territory’s energy securi­ty and the conditions for each course of events to unfold. The findings of the study suggest potential pathways for enhancing the exclave’s energy security, each requiring momentous decisions and careful attention to detail. energy security, energy resources,...

... Social Anthropology, 3(1), pp. 21-31. (In Rus.) Gurvitch, G., 1926. Ethics and Religion. Sovremennye zapiski / Annales contemporaines, 9, pp. 259-283. (In Rus.) Gurvitch, G., 1937. Morale théorique et science des mœurs. Leurs possibilités, leurs conditions. Paris: Félix Alcan. Gurvitch, G., 1938a. Essai d’une classification pluraliste des formes de la sociabilité. Annales Sociologiques. Série A. Sociologie Générale, 3, pp. 1-48. Gurvitch, G., 1938b. Essais de sociologie: Les formes de ...

... interaction and mutual determination of the individual and collective unit. In his Russian-language works, written before his emigration, he maintained that it was in the sphere of law that one could determine how the individual and society mutually condition each other and determine the direction of social development. In the late 1920s and early 1930s in his teaching on social law, Gurvitch formulated the concept of sociability which enabled him to focus attention not on the confrontation, but ...

... immune to Schaeffer’s critique. Second, to clarify the German philosopher’s contribution to environmental ethics. I come to the conclusion that it is premature to claim that consciousness and free will exist only in the framework of their being conditioned by nature. I also demonstrate that in his teleological teaching Kant sees the mechanism of nature as the dependence of living things on forces that act in an unpremeditated manner. Recognition of these forces sets limits to humans’ instrumental ...

... science and philosophy as a whole. Besides, he practised philosophy publicly, being an antipode of another ancient Greek philosopher, Pythagoras, whose doctrines were secret. Coming together in the image of Socrates, publicity and rationality mutually condition each other. This again is a feature shared with Kant who put forward the concept of the public and private use of reason. Today, the term “publicity” should be replaced by the more accurate term “openness.” Like publicity, openness implies ...

... Chteniye, 1, pp. 225-245. Rozhin, D. O., 2020. The Idea of Progress as Moral Improvement in the Philosophy of I. Kant and V. D. Kudryavtsev-Platonov. Problemy etiki [Problems of Ethics], 9, pp. 93-96. (In Rus.) Rozhin, D. O., 2022. Kant on Basic Practical Conditions for Achieving Moral Perfection. In: N. A. Dmitrieva, ed. 2022. IV Letnyaya Shkola po izucheniyu naslediya I. Kanta. Uchenie Kanta o voine i mire v filosofii Prosveshcheniya i nemetskogo idealisma [4th Kant Summer School: Kant’s Doctrine on ...

... https://doi.org/10.1007/s11050-012-9086-1 . Sosa, E., 1970. Propositional Attitudes De Dictu and De Re. Journal of Philoso­phy, 67, pp. 883—896. Sudo, Y., 2014. On De Re Predicates. In: Proceedings of WCCFL, 31, pp. 447—456. Tiskin, D., 2016. Conditional Attitude Ascription. Epistemology and Philosophy of Science, 50, pp. 74—93, https://doi.org/10.5840/eps201650470 . semantics, propositional attitudes, intentional contexts, practical reasoning, truth, acceptability 73-90 10.5922/2225-5346-2023-4-4

... of particular language items treated as signs with their concepts and syntactics. Functional words including discourse particles allow both approaches. The existence of Old Russian particle TI1 as has been proved by Zaliznjak on the basis of formal conditions, constraining the position of this particle in the clausal structure. Meanwhile, Zaliznjak failed to provide a lexicographical description of TI1 and reliable external parallels from other languages. I argue that TI1 is a marker of verification ...

... presence for a period of six months until he unexpectedly spoke to her, advising her to purchase a new watch. The primary focus of this study is to elucidate the strategy employed in constructing this ‘wordless’ discourse, as well as to explore the conditions that facilitate its occurrence, underlying mechanisms, and its historical background. The analysis encompasses linguistic, historical, cultural aspects, and aims to determine its linguistic classification and overall significance. The discourse ...

The paper centers on the phenomenon of non-translation in the texts of bilingual poets who perform self-translation into the lect of a dominant, ‘larger’ tradition (Putonghua / Rus­sian). Non-translation is set in motion in the conditions of enhanced linguistic reflection of its authors and serves as a marker of a special affective connection with a lect that is permanently associated with a weaker position. Paradoxically, the attempt to expand readership by trans­lating into ...

... ordinary life dignity is increasingly reduced to access to material benefits, in its legal sense — above all in the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation — anti-communist ideology has turned it into the “right” to enjoy comfortable living conditions, being almost totally divorced from duties and from morality. Such interpretations of human dignity lead to a dead end, creating problems for its perception and for its relationship to other constitutional provisions — problems that are impossible ...

... impossibleto consider the organism to be purposive. Second, the founder of Russian cosmism understands reason as the instrument that is capable of ridding nature of destructiveness. Thirdly and finally, the Russian philosopher maintains that an indispensable condition of human virtue and the attainment of happiness is the regulation of nature by the human being through prescribing for it an external goal as its own. Aristotle, 1957. On the Soul. In: Aristotle, 1957. On the Soul. Parva Naturalia. On Breath....

... contradictions, analysis of Kant’s treatise on perpetual peace, as well as its early reception and current discussions. The conference of young scholars heard 22 papers whose content is reviewed here. Among the topics were the cultural, social and intellectual conditions in which the treatise on perpetual peace appeared, its influence on the creation of the League of Nations, the UN and the EU; intersections with twentieth-century philosophical projects were also covered. Some original interpretations were ...

... article “Really: syntactics without semiotics?”). Slovo.ru: Baltic Accent, 14 (4), pp. 153—162, https://doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2023-4-9 (in Russ.). Ebert, C., Ebert, C. and Hinterwimmer, S., 2014. A unified analysis of In­dicative and Biscuit Conditionals as Topics. Linguistics and Philosophy, 37, рр. 353—408, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10988-014-9158-4 . Hamblin, C. L., 1973. Questions in Montague grammar. Foundations of Language, 10, pp. 41—53. Hamblin, C. L., 1976. Questions in Montague ...

... is substantiated based on empirical evidence. Moreover, the article draws conclusions regarding the impact of general linguistic changes on the nature of translations. This includes shifts in the role and status of the Church Slavonic language, the conditions contributing to the formation of a new literary language, and the inevitable influence of broader cultural and civilizational factors. The paper also explores the tradition of translating otherness, a practice that persists in contemporary ...

... within the poetic corpus of the Russian National Corpus, spe­cifically those related to the period from 1756 to 1917. The chosen timeframe aligns with the initial recording of the selected lexeme, as per corpus data, with the second date serving as a conditional endpoint corresponding to the conclusion of the Silver Age of Russian lyrics. The aim of the linguistic and poetic analysis is to discern patterns in the figurative and symbolic utilization, as well as the individual reinterpretation of the ...

The publication of «Selected Records from 1965 to 1989» has exposed the reader to poetry of Vladimir Bibikhin’s poetry as a key to understanding the patterns of culture. In these rec­ords, Bibikhin discussed the formation of the canons of national poetry and its peculiarities. In his poetry, Bibikhin emulated the poetic style and essence of Russian poetry, surrounded by the aura of myth and replacing moralistic content with existential themes. These poems delved into the ethical-metaphysical question...

... Moscow (in Russ.). Lopatin, V. V. and Ivanova, O. E., eds., 2013. Russkii orfograficheskii slovar' [Rus­sian spelling dictionary]. 4th ed. Moscow (in Russ.). Priemysheva, M. N., 2009. Tainye i uslovnye yazyki v Rossii XIX veka: v 2 ch. [Secret and conditional languages in Russia in the 19th century. In 2 parts]. Part 2 Applica­tions. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Ufimtseva, A. A., 1988. The role of vocabulary in a person’s cognition of reality and the formation of a linguistic picture of the world....

... the contrasting subjective frameworks of printed poems versus their digital adaptations translated into a media language akin to cinema. The author suggests analysing the layers of media mediation in printed and digital texts as distinct material conditions of communication prompting readers to encounter a 'moment of intensity', as Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht put it, and undergo a creative experience of es­trangement enabling them to connect with the subject behind the text. The variance in media mediation ...

.... 22—87 (in Russ.). Durkheim, É., 1995. Sotsiologiya. Ee predmet, metod, prednaznachenie [Sociology. Its object, method, purposes]. Translated by A. B. Gofman. Moscow (in Russ.). Durkheim, É., 2013. The dualism of human nature and its social conditions. Sotsiologicheskoe obozrenie [Russian Sociological Review], 12 (2), pp. 133—145 (in Russ.). Eikhenbaum, B., 1922. Molodoi Tolstoi [Young Tolstoy]. Peterburg; Berlin (in Russ.). Eikhenbaum, B., 1927. Literatura: Teoriya. Kritika. Polemika ...

... advancing the Rodnoverie ideology within the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet. To achieve this, a comprehensive methodology is employed, incorporating both functional-semantic and pragma-semantic approaches. The study identifies the motives and conditions under which verbal aggression tends to arise in online discourse. Key speech acts that manifest this aggression—such as insults, rude de­mands, reproach, accusations, mockery, negative evaluations, and ill-wi­shing—are analysed, with ...

... systems, which leads to a scenario where the sign system functions as both its subject and object, thus reviving Peirce's idea of the sign as a quasi-mind. An analysis of the primary regulatory mechanisms shows that regulatory codes: (a) create specific conditions for coding, (b) govern and control coding processes, and (c) consist of the same elements as coding elements, although are interpreted differently. Their interpretant is not amino acids or proteins but the processes of activation or suppression....

... well as develop methods for their therapeutic use. A study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of composite nanoparticles (nanostars) and micromaterials (microdisks) against Jurkat, Huh7 cell cultures, and human mononuclear cells in in vitro conditions. A concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles was observed. At the same time, microdisks did not exhibit any toxic effects on the studied cells. The potential of using nano- and micromaterials as prospective tools for cancer ...

... both English and Russian using the Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and eLIBRARY.RU databases. The analysis of scientific and official data demonstrated that physical factors of the culture medium, such as temperature, pH, carbon source, and cultivation conditions, influence the yield and properties of BC. The utilization of agricultural and food waste as a culture medium has been shown to enhance the productivity of Komagataeibacter xylinus strains. The combination of BC with other components, including ...