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This article considers key conditions and factors of the development of Aland Islands, describes main international legal regulations determining current status of the islands, identifies the trends in volume and structure of economic activities, ana lyzes processes of population ...

... the West, severing ties with the Russian market. However, the initiatives of Lithuanian authorities did not result in successful state building, and the economic situation remained unchanged. The USSR leadership made an effort to improve the living conditions in post-war Lithuania. There were some mistakes made in the relations with the local population that resulted in Lithuanians’ resistance to sovietisation. However, in the conditions of post-war restoration of national economy and acute deficit ...

... available at: http://eeas.europa. eu/delegations/russia/eu_russia/fields_cooperation/higher_education/index_ru. htm (accessed 23 July 2011). 2. Vovenda, A. V., Plotnikov, V. A. 2011, Euroregions as a factor of successful international integration in modern conditions, Balt. Region, no. 4, p. 60—67. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2011-4-6. 3. Kosov, Ju. V. 2008, Rol' rimskogo dogovora v evropejskoj integracii [The role of the Treaty of Rome in European integration], Upravlencheskoe konsul'tirovanie, no. 3, p....

... the globalized world economy. However, it can adversely affect a number of enterprises and industries within the national economy. Thus, there is a need to develop a methodology for the assessment of the preparedness for operating under WTO membership conditions, which can be practically applied in the development of measures aimed at increasing the competitiveness of economic entities. This determines the objective of the research. This article offers the author's assessment of the reasonability of ...

... Novgorod region. The groundwater monitoring observations serve as the basis for prediction assessment of water resources. The efficiency of water resource management largely depends on the comprehensiveness and reliability of information on the groundwater condition.The existing groundwater monitoring system has proven to be incapable of fully implementing its functions. It requires a fundamental reorganization and further development at the contemporary scientific and technical level, since groundwater ...

Globalisation creates favourable conditions for the formation of transborder regions through enhancing communication. This process involves industrial, transport, trade and other enterprises as well as education, culture and research institutions, which develop multiple links. The formation ...

... that he was among the Russian Neo-Kantians, many of whom would subsequently follow their own intellectual paths while, however, preserving some significant Neo-Kantian references. Alekseev’s focus on the question of the people’s political ideal was conditioned by his involvement in the movement of Eurasianism during the 1920s and 1930s; but there are signs that he was edging toward this theme already during the period of the two 1917 Russian revolutions and the Civil War. Analysing the political ...

... that he was among the Russian Neo-Kantians, many of whom would subsequently follow their own intellectual paths while, however, preserving some significant Neo-Kantian references. Alekseev’s focus on the question of the people’s political ideal was conditioned by his involvement in the movement of Eurasianism during the 1920s and 1930s; but there are signs that he was edging toward this theme already during the period of the two 1917 Russian revolutions and the Civil War. Analysing the political ...

... considered promising candidates for such inoculants. The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii and to develop a microbiological seed inoculant based on these bacteria. Optimal cultivation conditions were determined to achieve the maximum titer of viable bacterial cells. A microbiological inoculant composition was developed, and a prototype was created. Field trials of the experimental samples of the new bioproduct were conducted. The study ...

A comparative study of the acute oral toxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiacloprid with respect to honey bees (Apis mellifera) was conducted. Under laboratory conditions, survival dynamics, changes in locomotor activity, and the repellent effect were examined under exposure to various concentrations of these compounds. The study established that both insecticides exhibit pronounced toxicity toward honey bees; ...

... nitrogen.” Time-series analysis of factor scores revealed nonlinear dynamics and long-term trends in changes in water quality. The study demonstrates that the integrated application of chemometric methods serves as an effective tool for diagnosing the condition of urban water bodies, identifying pollution sources, and providing a scientific basis for the development of management decisions in the field of water resource protection. multivariate statistical analysis, factor analysis, cluster ...

... of verbal charms in Russian linguoculture is examined through the lens of speech act theory, one of the key directions of contemporary pragmalinguistics. The relevance of the study is determined by the need for an in-depth investigation of culturally conditioned speech genres functioning within sacred discourse, as well as their role in shaping the linguistic worldview. The aim of the research is to identify the pragmatic characteristics of verbal charms as a distinct class of performative utterances ...

... The figure of the Anarch is shown in relation to his ideological companions and adversaries, most notably the anarchist and the partisan. J?nger’s text is ultimately interpreted as a rigorously articulated conceptualisation of the post-historical condition of humankind. epic realism, Ernst J?nger, “Eumeswil”, post-history, rearguard other self, right-flank soldier of freedom, the anarch hero 132-142 10.5922/2225-5346-2026-1-9

... pres­ence of loyalist sentiments within monarchist circles during the First World War, which did not significantly change under the influence of external or internal political circumstances. In this regard, this model of perception of the emperor may conditionally be described as static. The opposing model of perception of the monarch is characterized by a negative dynamic in attitudes toward him. Within this segment of monarchist circles, Nicholas II was regarded as an official held responsible for ...

... order,” “international order,” and “international relations.” The methodologi­cal framework combines elements of historical and political analysis, a comparative typologi­cal approach, and an interpretation of nation-building processes under conditions of imperial transformation. The article offers a general explanation of the current role and possible future of the foundation of contemporary “international relations”—the phenomenon of the nation-state. The author argues that the idea ...

... Frontiers in Microbiology. 2022. Vol. 13. Art. № 962619. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.962619. Maloney E. M., Liber K., Headley J. V. et al. Neonicotinoid Insecticide Mixtures: Evaluation of Laboratory-Based Toxicity Predictions under Semi-Controlled Field Conditions // Environmental Pollution. 2018. № 243. P. 1727—1739. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.008. de Lima e Silva C., Brennan N., Brouwer J. M. et al. Comparative Toxicity of Imidacloprid and Thiacloprid to Different Species of Soil Invertebrates ...

... influenced by the Deima River, where the same biocenosis existed for decades, only its derivative was present—without living individuals, but with well-preserved shells — indicating their relatively recent mortality. It was shown that the environmental conditions during both winter seasons were favorable for hydrobionts in terms of temperature and dissolved oxygen content; in this context, active growth of the potentially toxic cyanobacterium Planktothrix agardhii is discussed as a possible cause of ...

... the formation of the “creative class.” The aim of the work is to identify models of the spatial organization of university campuses, to conduct their comparative analysis, and to assess the prospects for implementing foreign practices in Russian conditions. The study employs methods of comparative geographical analysis, cartographic methods, and the classification of university spaces. The main models of campus development (the French, English, American, Asian, and “satellite campus” models) ...

The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by practical issues arising in the formation of intent to illegally distribute prohibited substances when such intent is realized in the course of operational-search measures such as an “operational experiment” and a “test purchase,” since, in cases where this intent is formed under the influence of law enforcement agencies, this necessarily leads to the conclusion that the elements of a crime are absent. The article examines issues related...

... Russian Federation, and law enforce­ment practice. The findings of the study make it possible to enrich the theory of criminal pro­cedure with a new definition, to clarify the essence of interim decisions of courts of first in­stance, and to create conditions for the implementation of the formulated recommendations in judicial practice. interim decision, justice, court, proceedings in the court of first in­stance 28-41 10.5922/vestnikhum-2025-4-3

... during this procedure are provided. The authors also emphasize the necessity of working with the recognized individuals during the identification process. Examples of procedural and criminalistic errors in presenting individuals for identification in conditions that exclude visual observation by the identifier are examined. The essence of presenting individuals for identification is defined as an independent investigative action, the procedure of which is regulated by Article 193 of the Criminal Procedure ...

... The last attempted coup in 2016 undermined the already weakened position of the military, but there is no firm certainty that the army will not attempt to reclaim its role as a hidden guardian. The goal of the undertaken research was to forecast the conditions under which the military might attempt a coup. Scenario analysis was used for the prediction. As a result, three scenarios for the development of the Republic of Turkey were obtained: the estab­lishment of a rigid clerical authoritarianism,...

... in the digital space, first of all social networks due to anonymity of their users. The article proposes some measures to optimize the forensic prevention of crimes committed through cyberbullying. The choice of specific preventive measures should be conditioned by: materials of the criminal case; circumstances prevailing at the time of the decision to implement preventive measures; peculiarities of the personality of the juvenile and other factors. cyberbullying, bullying, deviant behavior, Internet,...

... compared. A graphic comparison was drawn between the content of part 3 of article 20 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and Chapter 23 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The research proposed to change the text of the conditions under which the private-public procedure for the criminal prosecution of crimes in the economic sphere is applied, shifting the focus from the fact of causing harm to the direction of the act itself (Part 3, Article 20, Article 23 of the Code ...

... everyone is guaranteed the right to freely use their property and skills to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The State is taking a set of measures aimed at both stimulating the population to engage in entrepreneurship and creating the most comfortable conditions for its implementation. However, providing entrepreneurs with ample opportunities to accomplish their intentions, unfortunately, not only gave rise to such a phenomenon as illegal entrepreneurship, which is a deterrent to the further development ...

... for the inhabitants of the region continue to be problems related to economic security: low incomes of the population, high prices for food and essential goods, high tariffs for housing and communal services. The hypothesis is confirmed that in the conditions of geopolitical tensions, the population's trust in local and federal authorities, the president and the army will increase. The political activity of the population, for the most part, comes down to discussing political events with friends,...

At the present stage, in conditions of geopolitical tension, technologies are actively used that have a manipulative effect on the historical memory of the population. The impact is especially strong on young people. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the perception ...

Formation of the State of Teutonic Order in Prussia in the XIIIth—XIVth centuries based beside military oppression on the relations with local population supported by the incorporation of them in the system of condition landholding. These relations implied, from the one hand, the representation by the Order its own status as a collective ruler, and from the other hand, symbolic expression of the loyalty of Old Prussians in various spheres of social communication: ...

The relevance of the study of proceedings in the court of first instance is determined by the need to build its model in the conditions of public and adversarial criminal proceedings, the purpose of which is to protect human rights. The criminal procedural norms regulating the resolution of a criminal legal dispute need to be systematized in order to apply them most effectively....

... Predictable, Orderly, and Democratic) world to the VUCA (Volatile, Uncer­tain, Complex, and Ambiguous) world. The directions for modernization and integration in the teaching of modules and disciplines in the mathematical and information cycles under the conditions of digitization of mathematical education are presented. These directions open up new possibilities in the preparation of future mathematics teachers who are in demand in the labor market. The authors attempted to analyze the potential of disciplines ...

... in the early 1990s, resulting from a reduction in the frequency of large North Sea inflows, led to a de­crease in salinity and oxygen levels in the bottom layers of the deep basins of the Baltic Sea. This caused a sharp deterioration in the spawning conditions. Factors influencing the Eastern Baltic cod population and changes in the population under the influence of these factors are described. The decisive impact of North Sea inflows and their prolonged absence on the popu­lation's development,...

... assess the vulnerability of the coastal zone on the Kaliningrad Oblast coastline. The CVI method represents a classic scoring system that allows identifying key areas and suggesting a series of measures to pre­vent the deterioration of the coastal condition. vulnerability of the coastal zone, stability of the coastal zone, CVI, coast of the Kaliningrad region 81-94 10.5922/gikbfu-2023-4-6

The Vistula Lagoon is a transboundary lagoon of the Baltic Sea that is subject to signifi­cant pollution and water eutrophication. An assessment of the ecological condition of the la­goon was conducted based on the calculation of modern Russian and foreign water pollution indices for the period 2007—2022. The long-term variability of these parameters was ana­lyzed for the lagoon as a whole and separately for ...

In the current conditions of increasing geopolitical tension and volatility in the global economy, the development of interregional interaction is increasingly seen as a source of eco­nomic growth for Russian regions. However, the study of such interaction should not ...

... analysis was conducted using hourly NOx and SO2 concentration data and meteorological variables (wind speed and direction), which were analyzed over a period of four years (2018—2021). Time series plots, wind and pollutant roses, application of a conditional probability function, and inverse trajectories were considered to analyze the data and identify emission sources. The average concentration of NOx and SO2 for the study period was 2.12 µg/m3 and 0.27 µg/m3, respectively. The results showed ...

... institutional research method and comparative analysis. The main findings emphasize the importance of a flexible approach to managing the intraregional space of the state, regardless of the form of political structure, which would take into account the unique conditions of each region, as well as the need for a balance between national integration and regional autonomy to achieve sustainable development of the country. At the same time, the article presents the characteristics of the processes of development ...

The article examines the dynamics of the development of relations between the countries of the Baltic region, the influence of NATO and the United States on them in the conditions of the emerging polycentric world order. The main risks and threats to Russian regional security at the present time are identified, and measures to localize and neutralize them are proposed. The development of the international situation in ...

... role in Sudan’s socioeconomic and political life. The events of April 2023 once again confirmed the country’s failure to establish stable political institutions since gaining independence. This study aims to examine the historical prerequisites and conditions that led Sudan into civil war and a humanitarian crisis, ultimately resulting in the degradation and collapse of the state. The article concludes that the armed forces are no longer the only successfully functioning institution in the country,...

In recent years, social and economic development has been taking place in Russian regions amidst efforts to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing geopolitical confrontation between Russia and the West. This article aims to analyse the general and specific features in the development of the Kaliningrad semi-exclave between 2017 and 2022 while considering the territory’s spatial heterogeneity. By employing a multi-scale approach and utilising data from Rosstat and Kaliningradstat...

... Firstly, there exists a fairly effective mechanism for safeguarding the national interests of countries party to multilateral international extradition treaties. Secondly, national legislation and regional or bilateral treaties can establish extradition conditions and procedures different from those outlined in universal international treaties for the sake of national interests. Thirdly, there is a need for improvement in the legal regulation of individual stages of the extradition procedure. These findings ...

... the goal: 1) the concept and essence of speech patterns in a specific professional field are specified; 2) similarities and differences in the use of the terms “speech pattern”, “speech template”, “speech cliché” are analyzed; 3) specific conditions for the implementation of the principle in practical pedagogical activities in professionally-oriented foreign language classes are determined; 4) the sequence of methodological and educational actions during foreign language training based ...

... the framework of ethnocultural education implemented by a teacher in an additional education institution are analyzed in the article. Based on the studied sources, factors determining the relevance of the research (the importance of socialization, the conditions of a multicultural world) are identified, and distinctive features of several types of education (polycultural, multicultural, monocultural, and ethnocultural) are separately considered. The authors also examine the characteristics of cultural ...

... from a notable lack of discussion of its content and teaching methods in scientific periodicals. Discussing the general, rather than specific, issues related to the content and teaching of the course is essential for teaching it effectively in current conditions. This approach would also help unify educators teaching this course into a cohesive community with shared challenges and goals. introduction to linguistics, basics of linguistics, general linguistics, textbooks 5-17 10.5922/pikbfu-2024-2-1

The article studies the organization of the pioneer movement from the perspective of the educational process, allowing for the identification of valuable experience for further use in modern conditions, when a new stage of development of children’s organizations is observed in the Russian Federation. Despite the primary goal of ideological education in the pioneer organization, its activities reflected comprehensive elements such as play,...

... (1851—1914), one of the great pi­ano virtuosos of her day and a distinguished professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. It is demonstrated that the success of pedagogical activity of both Anna Yesipova and Boris Zakharov, as one of her students, is conditioned by the comprehensive realization of a wide range of professional pedagogical values. Attitudes, means, knowledge, qualities relevant for the educational process are shown to be subordinated to the main value — the need to provide the student ...

... domestic linguistics. The position is justified regarding the constructive nature of active listening techniques as a strategy for mutual understanding and coordination of communicants’ actions. The effective use of active listening techniques is conditioned by a set of communicative-pragmatic factors, including socio-psychological characteristics of communicants, the situation, and the interaction topic. The obtained results showed that non-compliance / violation of active listening rules and ...

The professional activity of translators is most often realized in specialized professional discourses, especially those regionally conditioned. Specialized discourses, as an institutional type of discourse, exhibit a poly- and inter-discursive character, determining a complex, poly­valent translational process. This study, based on the author’s extensive translation experi­ence,...

... influenced by mining technologies, which directly affect the methods of coal extraction. The study establishes that eluviated material on technogenically disturbed lands shows significant variations in physical and chemical properties depending on the conditions of formation. These differences determine the varying quality of the resulting soils and underscore the need for reclamation efforts. Phytocenoses at later metastable stages of development exhibit impoverished composition and structural deficiencies ...