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... categorematic terms, its formal validity is defined as being invariant under substitutions for such terms. According to the second approach (e. g., Richard Billingham, Robert Fland, Ralph Strode, Richard Lavenham), the validity of a formal consequence stems ... ... critique of dogmatic ontology. Following in Luciano Floridi’s path, I thus propose to consider transcendental logic, not as a system of consequences equipped with ontologically grounded transcendental limitations, but rather as the logic of design. The ...

... — a system for coordinating civil protection resources and in-kind assistance to countries stricken by natural and manmade disasters. By analyzing the legislation and actual activation of the Mechanism, the authors present the functioning of this system as well as the ongoing changes towards a more planned approach to providing civil protection. The authors address the issue of extending the current civil protection system by introducing preventive measures. The project, co-financed by the by the Civil Protection Financial Instrument, is used as an example ...

... transformation of illicit drug trafficking under the influence of digitalization processes, as well as an assessment of the effectiveness of existing means and methods of countering this type of crime. The methodological framework of the study is based on a systemic approach, which makes it possible to consider this phenomenon as a multilevel threat, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparative legal analysis. As a result, the study identifies key systemic challenges, such as the extremely high level ...

... the conditions of environment uncertainty. To this end, the author employs the method of system definition, which makes it possible to identify the connection between the basic elements of the regional system ensuring its integrity and stability. Such approach to the system modelling ensures continuity and flexibility in managerial decision-making. 1. Бильчак В. С. Приграничная экономика : монография. Калининград, 2001. 2. Теория систем и системный ...

... Industry and the Industrial Environment, Progress in Research and Applications. Vol. 1: Industrial systems / ed. by F. E. I. Hamilton, L. G. J. R. Chichester. N. Y. ; Brisbane ; Toronto, 1979. P. 155—186. 12. Gorkin A. P., Smirnyagin L. V. A structural approach to industrial systems in different social and economic environments // Spatial Analysis, Industry and the Industrial Environment. Progress in Research and Applications. Vol. 1: Industrial systems / ed. by F. E. I. Hamilton, L. G. J. R. Chichester. N. Y. ; Brisbane ...

The article considers different directions in national and international regional studies. The author analyses the notion of region in the framework of system approach. 1.      Алаев Э.   Б. Социально-экономическая география: понятийно-терминоло­гический словарь. М., 1983. 2.      Балтийский регион как полюс ...

.... L. (ed.), 2006, Upravlenie proektom. Osnovy proektnogo upravlenija [Management of the project. The basics of project management], Moscow, KNORUS. 8. Tsipes, G. L. 2008, Korporativnaja sistema upravlenija proektami: integracionnyj podhod [Corporate system of project management: the integration approach], SOVNET, available at: http://www.sovnet.ru/bookstore/publications/465/ (accessed 12 January 2012). Serbulov Alexey, Stepanov Alexey, Polyakov Oleg 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-3-9 98-109 management, projects, risks, innovations, aquaculture, ...

... Butkevičius, J. 2008. The effect of Lithuania's entry into the European Union on the national transport system and the transport system development. Vilnius. 35. Gaile-Sarkane, E. (et al). 2008. New European challenges for small business prospective. Riga.... ... development trends. Vilnius. 43. Vaidogas, E. R. 2007. Prediction of accidental actions likely to occur on building structures: an approach based on stochastic simulation. Vilnius. 44. Dambrauskas, A. 2007. Statistical theory of simplex search. Vilnius. ...

The increasing recreational needs of modern society have led to the formation and development of recreational nature management. In improving recreational nature management, it is necessary to establish a land-use system that meets not only current but also future needs of society, the state, business, and the population — the natural end users of natural and recreational resources. A new methodological approach is proposed for assessing the nature-recreational potential of a specific territory. This approach evaluates the recreational potential of an area by taking into account climate, topography, water resources, the level of agricultural development,...

... circular (self-referential) organization in the relational domain of language, calls for a radical revision of the extant views on the rela­tionship between language and mind, lan­guage and cognition, and language and conscious­ness. An ecological approach to language as­sumes that the cognitive dynamics of humans as living systems consists in the adaptive interac­tional behaviour in the relational domain of linguistic interactions. This domain constitutes the ecological niche of humans as organism-environment systems. It is in this continuously self-constructed human niche ...

... symbols, and the difficulty in defining abstract concepts/simulators (abstract lexical meanings). The pro­posed functional approach is based on the dichotomy 'perceptual (external) vs. functional (internal)' that goes back to Ivan Sechenov. These cognitive ... ... pros­pectus of the active dictionary of the Russian language]. Moscow (in Russ.). Barsalou, L. W., 1999. Perceptual symbol systems . Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 22, pp. 577—660. Barsalou, L. W., 2008. Grounded cognition. Annual Review of Psychology ...

... paper, I give a brief analysis of the evolu­tion of the concept of "context" in linguistics from the perspective of systemic functional gram­mar, cognitivism, social semiotics and multimodal discourse analysis. The analytical part of the article ... ... 2018] (in Russ.). Verbitskiy, А. А., 1990. Aktivnoe obuchenie v szkole: kontekstnyj podkhod [Active schooling: a contextual approach]. Moscow (in Russ.). Vinogradov, V. V., 1977. The main types of lexical meanings of the word. In: Lek­si­kologiya I ...

... mira. Pod red. V. N. Brjushinkina [World Models. Ed. by V. N. Bryushinkin]. Kaliningrad. S. 109—118. 20. Sologubov, А. М. 2006, Sistemnaja model' argumentacii v prakticheskoj filosofii I. Kanta: Diss. na soisk. uch. step. kand. filos. nauk [The System Model of Argumentation Accordingto the Kant’s Practical Philosophy. Doctoral diss.]. Kaliningrad. 21. Khizanishvili, D. V. 2014, Osobennosti kognitivnogo podhoda k argumentacii: aspekty modelirovanija [Pecularities of the Cognitive Approach to Argumentation: Aspects of the Modelling], in: Izvestiya UrFU. Ser. 3. [Herald of the Ural Federal University] 2014. No. 4 (134). S. 155—163. 22. Chaly, V. А. 2014, Kant mezhdu liberalizmom i konservatizmom [Kant Between Liberalism and Conservatism],...

...., the format and purpose of the professional portfolio of the future teacher. The main goal of the article is to expand the evidence base of research in the field of teacher education by analyzing the specifics of teacher training for the education system in Singapore, which plays a decisive role promoting school education in this country. Methodologically, the study relied on an integrated approach with elements of a socio-­cultural approach while analyzing the features of the educational situation in Singapore, an axiological approach to organizing the training of future teachers. The main method is a comparative analysis of quantitative ...

... and the content of the dictum. The explanatory function correlates with the composition and content structure, which is shaped by the genre elements of the image of the past and the image of the future. The article shows that the communicative-genre approach can be employed in examining the speech structure of texts fulfilling different functions. This will make it possible to describe the system of linguistic means used in such texts and to ensure efficient business communication. 1. Белоконева К. А. К проблеме жанрово-стилевой принадлежности документного текста // Вестник ...

... specifics of urban management and the scale of regional economy. In this regard, the paper pro­vides a critical analy­sis of approaches to urban development indicators, index­es and rankings. The author drew conclusions about the most optimal ap­proaches ... ... P. 3—9. 26. Yigitcanlar T. Position paper: benchmarking the performance of global and emerging knowledge cities // Expert Systems with Applications. 2014. Vol. 41, № 12. P. 5549—5559. 27. Yigitcanlar T., Velibeyoglu K., Martinez-Fernandez C. Rising ...

... studying social phenomena — the naturalistic approach, which was formed within the natural scientific tradition, and the action-oriented approach, which was developed by the Russian methodological school. The author assesses the role of organization and system categories in the framework of these approaches as well as their applicability in finding the alternatives of institutional transformations of Russian economy. 1.  Нуреев Р.   М. Экономика развития: модели становления рыночной эконо­мики....

... constituent entities; the need for a differentiated approach to geodemographic management in regions of different types. The cluster approach is used to identify types of Russian regions on the basis of both natural and migration-related change. The author identifies ... ... [Applied demography], Moscow, p. 29—36. 4. Valentey, D. I. 1970, K voprosu o sisteme nauk i zakonov narodonaselenija [On the system of sciences and laws Population], Izvestija Akademii nauk SSSR. Serija jekonomicheskaja [Proceedings of the Academy of ...

... vneshnej politiki i prinjatii vneshnepoliticheskih reshenij: sravnitel'nyj analiz rossijskogo i amerikanskogo opyta [The regional approach in the formulation of foreign policy and foreign policy decisions: a comparative analysis of Russian and American experience],... ... and U. S. Foreign Policy, New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 496 p. 9. Renshon, J. 2008, Stability and Change in Belief Systems: The Operational Code of George W. Bush, The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 52, no. 6, December, p. 820—849. ...

... are also changing, which is understood as the required level of security in the current mode of functioning of the territorial system in terms of its openness or closeness. These regions, especially ones located along the northwestern borders, geo-strategically ... ... regions’ economic security require theoretical understanding and development of measures to ensure it. A socio-geographical approach to addressing this issue allows factoring in the regions’ spatial characteristics, in particular, the influence of ...

... research findings, a distinct set of features is formulated to differentiate marketplaces from similar phenomena like online stores and information aggregators. Furthermore, an approach is proposed, suggesting the consideration of marketplaces as a system of legal relationships. By using specific norms, this approach facilitates targeted regulation of private legal relationships between parties within this system. This necessity arises from the analysis of enforcement practices, as general norms of contract law are inadequate for properly regulating such ...

This article analyses university textbooks on introduction to linguistics. The most commonplace textbook topics present a comprehensive overview of the main problems of linguistics. Yet, many confine themselves to a system-structural approach to language, neglecting or superficially addressing linguistic issues that became a priority at the turn of the 21st century. The topics most frequently covered include the essence of language, language levels, language as a system of signs, the origin of language, language and society, writing systems, languages of the world and the laws of language development, each explored in more than a third of the analysed textbooks. In addition, the following topics are occasionally ...

... one deals with specific features of language structures, while the second one discusses general characteristics of all sign systems, from a perspective of interpreting most or all of them as secondary respective to natural language. Formal models of ... ... language items treated as signs with their concepts and syntactics. Functional words including discourse particles allow both approaches. The existence of Old Russian particle TI1 as has been proved by Zaliznjak on the basis of formal conditions, constraining ...

... abroad. The author identifies three approaches, characteristic of this perception: from the perspective of Russian philosophy of law, from that of Russian religious philosophy, and that of Russian followers of the Marburg Neo-Kantianist.The first two approaches are characterized by a non-systemic perception with an emphasis on critique. The key features of the third one are the system nature and the attempt to stress both the progress and the shortcomings of H. Cohen’s ethical constructions.When analyzing Cohen’s ethics, Russian theorists of law focused on the correlation between law and morals. In this connection, the central ...

The article deals with the theoretical problems of the strategic approach to the regional education system management. 1. Гапоненко А.   Л., Панкрухин А.   П. Стратегическое управление. М.: Омега-Л, 2004. 2. Почепцов Г.   Г. Стратегический анализ. К.: Дзв ...

... socio-economics system. The article proposes the author’s definition of the economic policies regimes, which is understood as a set of rules, measures, norms to achieve the macro-goal of the country's growth through the development of its economic system. With this approach, it becomes possible to adjust the economic policies by changing their regimes if, for a predetermined period of time, the target in­dicators are not achieved for any reason. The author proposes to divide the ex­ternal environment in which ...

... in data envelopment analysis // Management science. 1984. № 30(9). P. 1078—1092. 10. Basso A., Funari S. A quantitative approach to evaluate the relative efficiency of museums // Journal of cultural economics. 2004. Vol. 28, № 3. P. 195—216. ... ... 29—41. 12. Del Barrio M. J., Herrero L. C. Evaluating the efficiency of museums using multiple outputs: evidence from a regional system of museums in Spain // International journal of cultural policy. 2014. Vol. 20, № 2. P. 221—238. 13. Guccio C., Mignosa ...

In the framework of the research problem of increasing the effectiveness of marketing activities, the authors describe a layered approach to assessing marketing effectiveness with the use of a balanced scorecard system, as well as the results of its practical application in the case of large industrial enterprises of the Kaliningrad region. The article presents the authors’ layered system of models of development of an information base for assessing marketing ...