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... Philosophical Sketch. In: I. Kant, 2006. Toward Perpetual Peace and Other Writings on Politics, Peace, and History. Edited and with an Introduction by P. Kleingeld. Translated by D. L. Colclasure. London and New Haven: Yale University Press. Kant, I., 1798. Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. Translated and edited by R. B. Louden, 2006. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kuehn, M., 1987. Scottish Common Sense in Germany, 1768-1800. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press. Maliks,...

... of Law. Translated by W. L. Moll; with an introduction by R. Pound; with a new introduction by K. A. Ziegert, 2017. New York: Routledge. Gergilov, R. E., 2005. Law as a Social Control: George Gurvitch’s Conception. Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, 8(3), pp. 71-78. (In Rus.) Gurvitch, G., 1918. Rousseau and the Declaration of Rights: The Idea of the Inalienable Rights of an Individual in the Political Doctrine of Rousseau. Petrograd: Wolf Printing House. (In Rus.). Gurvitch, G., 1924....

... London: Harvard University Press. Ehrsam, R., 2016. Le problème du langage chez Kant. Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2007. Anthropology, History and Education. Edited by G. Zöller and R. B. Louden. Cambridge, New York et al.: Cambridge University Press. Kitcher, P., 1990. Kant’s Transcendental Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. Lütterfelds, W., 2004. Kant ...

... Sources of Judaism (1919) offer a detailed analysis of the relationships between I and Thou, I and It, I and We. In the first book these relationships are considered from the ethical-legal point of view and in the second from the viewpoint of religious anthropology. However, Cohen considers the problem of inter-personal relationships not in isolation, but as an important component of his entire philosophical system. Deduction of the concept of personality in Ethics of Pure Will is based on Cohen’s ...

The paper attempts to demostrate that E. T. A. Hoffmann’s novel «The Life and Opinions of Tomcat Murr…» has build in accordance with the classification of anthropological types in Kant’s work «Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft». 1. Гофман Э. Т. А. Житейские воззрения кота Мурра… // Гофман Э. Т. А. Крейслериана. Житейские ...

This article suggests that rationality has to be treated as one of the basic categories of liberal philosophy. Together with freedom and equality, rationality lies at the anthropological core of liberalism, which makes it stand out among other political theories. The development of the main models of rationality relied upon by various liberal theories is reviewed. 1. Вебер М. О некоторых категориях ...

... analysis of some fragments of N. O. Lossky's philosophical concept pertaining to the features of Russian culture in general and the originality of Russian philosophy in particular. The topic is developed through comparative digressions into the field of anthropological aspects of I. Kant's philosophy. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Сравнительное исследование западноевропейской и русской философии методами теории аргументации ...

... early 20th century implied that Kant's ideas influenced logic via its philosophical foundations (empiricism versus the rationalistic aspects of Kant's philosophy). It was especially evident in the interpretations of logic in terms of psychologism and anthropologism ensuing from empiricism. 1. Андреев А. Ю. Лекции по истории Московского университета (1755—1855). М., 2001. 2. Бажанов В. А. История логики в России и СССР....

This article analyses different definitions, types and tasks of Kant's anthropology: Is "moral" or "practical" anthropology identical to "pragmatic" anthropology? Does anthropology aim to answer the question about the vocation of a human being? To what extent is metaphilosophy present in the ...

This article puts forward the idea that the basis of Kant’s philosophy is moral ontology dominated by things in themselves, which provide the basis for the moral world order: God, soul, and freedom. Kant's epistemology, teleology and anthropology are determined by the attempt to prove the possibility of such world order. The ultimate end of this order is a human as a moral being, the thinking, experience, and knowledge of which are consistent with this end. 1. Голосовкер ...

Gesetzmäßig ist, dass sich «die Philosophie des Wertes» in der konsequentesten und systematisierten Art gerade in der Tradition von Kant formiert. Für Kant ist die menschliche Persönlichkeit bei all ihrer Einzigartigkeit weder ethisch, noch ästhetisch in sich geschlossen. Die Entwicklung der axiologischen Ansichten Kants entwickelte sich je nach seinem Begreifen der allgemein-menschlichlichen Grundlagen der Werte. Zu einer unvergänglichen Errungenschaft Axiologie Kants ist seine Behauptung der humanistischen...

In diesem Beitrag wird das Problem der Rezeptionsgeschichte der Begriffe vom intelligiblen und empirischen Charakter in A. Schopenhauers Philosophie behandelt. Der Autor zeigt, wie sich diese Begriffe bei Schopenhauer inhaltlich wandeln und welche Ursachen seiner Lehre über den Charakter zugrunde liegen mögen. 1. Кант И. Критика практического разума // Кант И. Соч.: в 8 т. М., 1994. Т. 4. С. 373—565. 2. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Там же. Т. 3. С. 5—678. 3. Шеллинг Ф. В. Й. Философские исследования...

... of appearance. 1. Kant, I. 1994a, Izbrannye pis'ma [Selected Letters; letter’s to M.Herz] In: Kant, I. Sobranie sochinenij v 8 tomah. [Works in 8 volumes], vol. 8, S. 57—136. 2. Kant, I. 1994b, Antropologija s pragmaticheskoiy tochki zrenija [Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View] In: Kant, I. Sobranie sochinenij v 8 tomah. [Works in 8 volumes], vol. 8. 3. Katrechko, S. L. 2014, Transcendentalizm Kanta kak transcendental'naja paradigma filosofstvovanija [Kant’s transcendentalism as ...

... relationship worthy of humanity and compatible with morality. This condition is discovered by Kant beyond the borders of ethics. Therefore, it is not discussed within those borders any more. The crucial significance of love based on aesthetic taste to Kantian anthropology evokes some superficial Kantian objections but proves to be justified by the philosophy of the culture of free personality as striving towards the integral self, as it was formulated later in German idealism. 1. Kant, I. 1965, Metafisika ...

The article broaches the issue of Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification of philosophical knowledge. This determination is a threat for his project of enlightenment, because it entices the philosophizing subject to contradict the maxim of self-thinking. In order to show...

... und der Seele des Menschen, auch allen Dingen überhaupt, anderer Theil, bestehend in ausführlichen Anmerckungen, und zu besserem Verstande und bequemerem Gebrauche derselben. Frankfurt am Main, 1740. 41. Zammito J. H. Kant, Herder, and the Birth of Anthropology. Chicago, 2002. 42. Zedler J. H. Grosses vollständiges Universal Lexicon. Bd. 20. Halle, 1739.

The paper attempts to demostrate that E. T. A. Hoffmann’s novel «The Life and opinions of Tomcat Murr…» has build in accordance with the classification of anthropological types in Kant’s work «Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft». 1. Гёте И. В. Годы учения Вильгельма Мейстера. Кн. 6 // И. В. Гёте. Собр. соч. : в 10 т. Т. 7. М....

... opposing parties are Kant and his favourite philosophers (Saint-Pierre and Rousseau) against the ‘government’ and ‘lawyers’. Kant’s philosophy of law, which is believed to rest on a metaphysical foundation, is constructed using a minimum of anthropological premises, which is often viewed as a virtue. However, Kant’s political teaching is closely connected with moral anthropology, which is considered as another virtue. Justifying their actions with empirical observations, politicians violate ...

.... Griffiths J. 1986 What Is Legal Pluralism, Journal of Legal Pluralism, no. 24, p. 1—55, available at: https://books.google.fr/books?id=6lABLiMHqPcC&dq=isbn:3825844927&hl=ru (accessed 29 September 2015). 17. Moore, S. F. 1978, Law as Process: An Anthropological Approach, London; Boston: Routledge & K. Paul, available at: https://books.google.fr/books?id=6lABLiMHqPcC&dq=isbn:3825844927&hl=ru (accessed 29 September 2015).

... of a dispute with K. Jaspers, this article considers the Critique of Pure Reason as a system of epistemology and an overview of Kant’s philosophical system. The cen-tral thesis is the statement that Kant’s epistemology is based on transcendental anthropology con-nected with the history of philosophy. It is proven that, in terms of its content, the formal dual divi-sion of the Critique is a triad system comprising a number of similar subsystems. 1. Abramjan, L. A. 1981, Glavnyj trud Kanta ...

... in accordance with the moral law), which is inherent in God alone. With the article is enclosed the translation of a small fragment of Introduction to the Natural Law Feyerabend. 1. Kant, I. 1994a, Antropologija s pragmaticheskoj tochki zrenija [Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View], Sobranije sochinienij v 8 tt. [Works in 8 vol.], Moscow, Vol. 7. 2. Kant, I. 1994b, Vseobzhhaja jestestvennaja istorija i teorija neba [Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens], Sobranije sochinienij ...

... of a dispute with K. Jaspers, this article considers the Critique of Pure Reason as a system of epistemology and an overview of Kant’s philosophical system. The central thesis is the statement that Kant’s epistemology is based on transcendental anthropology connected with the history of philosophy. It is proven that, in terms of its content, the formal dual division of the Critique is a triad system comprising a number of similar subsystems. 1. Kant, I. 1964, Kritika chistogo razuma [Critique ...

... Fichte as a phenomenon of the internal life and an element of personal freedom, hence the role of clergy in this field. In Fichte’s theory, special attention is paid to the nature and legal effects of a legitimate divorce interpreted based on his moral anthropology of sexes as a moral fact and a legal status. A divorce, once accomplished in the moral substance, transforms the personal union of family partners into a concubinage, which is seen considered in an essentially non-Kantian way. Against the ...

... establishing legitimacy, and whether they can be characterized as ‘transcendental’. Kant’s discourse on publicity — a result of strenuous efforts presented in a number of writings and lectures — takes the reader to the area of empirical practices and anthropological observations capable of distorting the required purity of the form when taken together. In effect, they turn out to be either motives for searching for transcendental principles or example s targeted at a certain type of readers and political ...

... Fenomenologicheskaja teorija poznanija M. Shelera — sozercanie sushhnosti [The phenomenological theory of cognition of M. Scheler — contemplation of the the essence] // Filosofskaja antropologija Maksa Shelera: uroki, kritika, perspektivy [Philosophical anthropology of Max Scheler: tasks, critique, perspectives], Saint Petersburg, P. 27—42. 13. Windelband, W., 1995a, Chto takoe filosofija? (O ponjatii i istorii filosofii) [What is philosophy? (On the concept and the history of philosophy)]) // Windelband,...

... determination of human knowledge and behaviour in a broad context of empiricism and relativism (development theory) has no bearing on Kant’s theory. Absolute apriorism as understood in mathematics and physics is an instance of Kant’s universal ‘anthropological’ apriorism and his understanding of the human being, morals, law, and history rather than the seeming ‘absolutisation’ of the Euclidean geometry and Newtonian mechanics. The possibility of metaphysics and the philosophical understanding ...

This article focuses on the analysis of the problem of evil in Kant’s works. The author attempts at reconstructing the key stages of Kant’s logic of ethics and, on this basis, reconstructs his idea of evil. Of special importance is the analysis and criticism of the anthropology-focused study of the sources of good and evil in the work Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. The author sees the key to understanding Kant’s approach to the problem of evil in the differentiation of the levels...

... внутреннее условие философского знания (Лейбниц, Кант, Лосский) // Русская и европейская философия: пути схождения и расхождения. СПб., 1999. URL: http://anthropology.ru/ru/person/malevannyy-dv/ text/intuiciya-kak-vnutrennee-uslovie-filosofskogo-znaniya-leybnic-kant-losskiy (дата обращения: 19.06.2015). 21. Попова В. С. Сравнительный анализ интерпретации ...

... (1781/82) // Kant’s Gesammelte Schriften (АА) / Hrsg. von der Königlich Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bd. 25. Berlin, 1997. S. 1185 5. Гулыга, А. В. Кант. М., 1981. С. 44 6. Zammito J. H. Kant, Herder and the Birth of Anthropology. Chicago ; L., 2002. P. 272 7. Kuehn M. Kant: A Biography. Cambridge, 2001. P. 215 8. Arnoldt E. Möglichst vollständiges Verzeichnis aller von Kant gehaltenen oder auch nur angekündigten Vorlesungen nebst darauf bezüglichen Notizen ...

This article sets out to demonstrate that E. T. A. Hoffmann’s novel “The Life and Opinions of Tomcat Murr…” is cvonstructed in accordance with the classification of anthropological types given n Kant’s work “Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft”. 1. Гофман Э. Т. А. Житейские воззрения кота Мура…// Гофман Э. Т. А. Крейсле- риана. ...

In his treatise On General Speculative Philosophy, J. N. Tetens sets out to justify the possibility and necessity of metaphysics as a general speculative science. His primary objective is to defend metaphysics against the opponents, the most serious of which, in Tetens’s opinion, is D. Hume. In this connection, Tetens sharply criticises traditional empiricism and develops a new perspective on experience and the bases of its certainty. The main target of his critique is ‘popular philosophy’, which...

... introduced into philosophy are the results of this initial achievement. Whereas the Enlightenment formulated the principle of naturalism as a basic one for the comprehensive understanding of the world, Kant juxtaposed it with the principles of transcendental anthropology. As a result, it requires a new understanding of 1) the nature and its relation to human consciousness and 2) the active and, thus, tirfucntional, structure of human consciousness. 1. Вебер М. Теория ступеней и направлений ...

... activity; 6) the transcendental principle, and 7) the principle of the unity of the world. All these principles are designed to prove that a system is the answer to the question “What a human being is”, as well as a representation of transcendental anthropology. 1. Калинников Л. А. Интерпретация и принципы // Кантовский сборник. 1989. Вып. 14. С. 81—90. 2. Кант И. Критика практического разума // Соч. : ...

... society, rested on reason, virtue, justice, and tolerance, which reflected the common attitudes of burgher Germany towards apparently natural human inclinations. It contradicted both Augustine’s teaching of human corruption and Hobbes’s misanthropic anthropology. This German sensitivity served as the basis for Lessing’s philosophy of hope. Lessing’s “code of hope”, whose ideas developed in the “pre-critical” period of the Elightenment is based on trust in human sensibility, within which,...

This essay concerns an unusual note of Kant’s that has been available in Hamburg since the 1920s but otherwise neglected in the Kant literature. This small 8 x 6.3 cm sheet belonged to the manuscript collector Oskar Ulex (1852—1934), who appears to have bought it from a dealer in France. Writing covers both sides of the sheet, with moral theology discussed on one side, and the cosmological proof on the other. A transcription and description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question & Answer”...

... understanding of aims and values of a political process (which is, however, quite remote from the pluralism and individualism of some contemporary theories) is balanced by his reservations concerning the prospects of their realization, based on his «empirical anthropology», which is remarkably close to conservative skepticism. Kant's liberalism lies in the domain that he called «pure» or «metaphysical», whereas his «empirical», «real-world» estimation of the prospects of liberal project is approaching ...

The present paper focuses on the ethical and anthropological foundations of Kant’s philosophy of family law conceived as a “personal right that is real in kind”: the possibility of possessing a person as a property item presets the antinomy of moral and legal principles, which reproduces the ...

The paper analyzes Kant’s philosophy of matrimonial law. It focuses on the idea of this law as “possession of a person as a thing and its use as a person”: Kant conceives marriage as an interpersonal relation in an external form of real possession, in the aspect of the objective and subjective goal of such relation, but primarily in the aspect of its legal and ethical possibility. Given the naturalistic interpretation of the constitutive act for this kind of law, the legal deduction of marriage comes...

... ground­work for a classification of the ordinary person types is laid and key motifs of plots introducing the types are described. The Soviet small person is consid­ered in the structural context of Galich’s fictional world in view of his ontolo­gy, anthropology, and creative philosophy. 1. Бахтин М. М. Работы 1920-х годов. Киев, 1994. 2. Бахтин М. М. Слово в романе // Бахтин М. М. Вопросы литературы и эс­тетики: Исследования ...

... Soviet science fiction writer is analysed in the context of evangelical allusions and connotations. Biblical references in the text suggest a link between one of the main characters, the boy Astr, and the image of Christ. Although well in line with the anthropology of enlighten-ment, the idea of the salvation of the universe, which is central to the plot of the novel, and the image of the saviour, the child that is ‘not of this world’, are counterposed to Christian philosophy. 1. Ринекер ...

... trace the connection of Hoffmann's artistic thought with the ideas of Mesmer and the secret knowledge of Freemasonry popular at the beginning of the XIX century, which Hoffmann interprets as a threat to the world described by Christian on­tology and anthropology. In the artistic and philosophical interpretation of Hoffmann, the prevalent parapsychological practices are the components of the technology of evil in its eternal struggle against good. 1. Баринова А. Комментарии // ...

The article establishes the boundaries of the musical analogy in the comments of H. Broch to the novel «Death of Virgil». In the novel, musicality is associated with the motives of ‘voice’ and ‘hearing’. Noting the propensity to onomatopoeia in the work of J. Joyce, H. Broch aims to depict the music of human speech. By doing so, he follows the prevailing tendencies in the music art of the beginning of the 20th century, reviving interest in vocal genres (cantata, oratorios). 1. Broch H. Der Tod des...

This article explores the relativity of game rules followed by two out-standing scientists – Alexander von Humboldt and Gauss – in their research. The exhaustiveness of the scientists’ multidirectional game strategies is ex-plained by a change in their roles: they turn from subjects of the game into its objects ruled by the Nature, Time, and Chance. The central metaphor of gam-bling defines the composition of the novel and its genre, which can be defined as a postmodernist novel about the incomprehensibility...

The article deals with the functioning of personal names in Russian and English cultural contexts. The focus is placed on the factors determining the role of the anthroponym in the formation of the national world view and the individual's cultural identity. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Слово, язык и за их пределами. Калининград, 2007. 2. Бойко Л. Б. Антропоним как объект герменевтического толкования при переводе художественного текста // Когнитивно-прагматические аспекты лингвистических исследований. Калининград...

The hagiographical image of Svyatopolk is analysed as one determined by Christian anthropology. The author asserts that Svyatopolk performs an evil deed neither due to predestination, nor under the influence of fatal circumstances, but of his own free will. Svyatopolk embodies the model of a person of string will, which is opposed ...

... person’s need for security and the a priori conflictogenic state of the system of international relations, which is in a state of permanent variability. Assumed as methodological “keys” of the study, preference is given to the methodology of the anthropological measurement of international relations, which allowed us to conclude that the anthropology of international relations does not deny the role of the state, but only checks its functions in order to avoid their hyperbolization and contribute ...

The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular uprisings in France before the Fronde, which was well received abroad and provoked long-standing dispute among the his­torians. Other works of Porshnev evoked a much more moderate reaction from foreign colleagues. The paper outlines the main objections...

Studying the features of research by political science into internal migra­tion requires a reassessment of theoretical ideas about the essence of this social phenomenon, which are offered by other paradigms. This way, it becomes pos­sible to consider internal migration as a significant social determinant. In an­alysing theoretical and methodological approaches, I determine the scope of their applicability in political science. I conclude that the features of research into internal migration depend...

In this article, I consider the institution of constitutional control and its development during the Enlightenment. I stress that enlighteners thoroughly disapproved of French parliaments as forerunners of modern bodies of consti­tutional justice and explain why this was the case. In an early modern state, conditions for constitutional control and its very possibility were viewed in conjunction with the principles of sovereignty and the division of power. I conclude that the enlightenment doctrine...

This article analyses fashion from two points of view — as a closed system of “the world of the fashionable” with its own specific hierarchy, where creative imagination becomes a criterion for success and as a field of social imagination that influences social behavior and the structures of identity presentation formation. The concept of creative imagination is considered as a concept distinct from that of artist’s creativity and imagination. The author elucidates the connection between creative...