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The article evaluates the linguistic units of the lexical-phraseological level related to the lexical-semantic group “plants.” Metaphors, comparisons, and phraseological expressions possessing imagery, semantic dualism, and an associative nature of expression are character­ized. The aim of the research is to identify the axiological meanings of an extensive group of linguistic units representing the plant code in Russian culture. Attention is given not only to the core but also to peripheral “plant”...

The use of denonyms in regional newspaper texts of the XX century helps to elucidate the development trends in this lexis. Regional newspapers are a perfect source for observation as it is the language of the media that both re­flects and shapes the worldview and linguistic competencies of a native speak­er. Various local publications complement each other and contribute ...

The paper examines nonce words in James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake, par­ticularly those originating from the Russian language. The research aims at defining word-formation patterns of the units in question and studying limi­tations of their interlanguage translation. Based on morphemic and word-formation analysis of the English deviated lexical units, as well as a compre­hensive comparative analysis of the occasional words in the source and target languages, various types and grades of the lexical deviations...

Using the poem “Dead souls” by N. V. Gogol and its two English trans­lations made by D. J. Hogarth and R. A. Maguire, the author considers lexical units having a cultural component and belonging to the following semantic fields — Clothes, Transport and Food. The lexical units selected are examined from the point of view of their translation into English in the target texts. By means of a comparative analysis of the source and the target texts, the author establishes a set of criteria for the identification...

The novel “Magetizer” is viewed within the intellectual and ideological context of E. T. A. Hoffmann’s era, who was characterized, on the one hand, by the progress of scientific knowledge, and on the other, by the success of imagi­nary parascientific concepts. In particular, the authors trace the connection of Hoffmann's artistic thought with the ideas of Mesmer and the secret knowledge of Freemasonry popular at the beginning of the XIX century, which Hoffmann interprets as a threat to the world...

The author explores the ways of expressing emotions in the literary text using the novel ‘La carte et le territoire’ by Michel Houellebecq as an example. The main problem of research is the identification of specific way of expressing emotions in the literary text. The author proceeds from the assumption that interjections as well as emotive and affective lexical units play an important role in the representation of emotions. Comparatively low percentage of interjections, and frequent use of affective...

Based on the materials of the handwritten Vesti-Kuranty newspaper, this article analyses the functional significance of evaluative lexis — adjective, adverbs, and nouns with subjective modal meanings conveying expressive emotional reactions of the author of a newspaper text to the described histori-cal events, as well as the temper and actions of its participants. 1. Арутюнова ...

... linguistics: investigating language structure and use. URL: http://books.google.com/books?id= 2h5F7TXa6psC. 12. Gilguin G. The place of prototipicality in corpus linguistics // Corpora in cognitive linguistics: corpus-based approaches to syntax and lexis. Berlin, 2006. 13. Gries A. Corpora in cognitive linguistics: corpus-based approaches to syntax and lexis. Berlin, 2006. 14. McEnery T., Wilson A. Corpus linguistics. URL: http://www.lancs.ac. uk/fss/courses/ling/corpus/Corpus1/1FRA1.HTM.

This article deals with the problem of semantic diffusion on the level of polysemantic and paronymic lexical units. A hypothesis on the storage of lexical-semantic variations of a polysemantic word in the mental lexicon of native speakers in diffusive way is developed on the basis of experimental research. 1. Английская синонимика: введение в теорию синонимии и методику изучения синонимов : учеб. пособие. М., 1980. 2. Kiklewicz A. Zrozumieć język. Szkice z filozofii języka, semanytki, lngiwistyki...

The author presents the result of research into the speech of indigent population of Arkhangelsk aimed at identifying informants of dialect lexical units in view of social stratification. The data obtained show that dialect lexical units are still functionally active, but their frequency in groups formed according to the education principles differs considerably. 1. Ларин Б. А. О лингвистическом изучении города // Русская речь. Л., 1928.Вып. 3. С. 61—75. 2. Первая всеобщая перепись населения...

The poetry and plays of A.S. Pushkin serve as the material for identifying the lexical–semantic paradigm of means of explicating the idea of the beautiful in its external and eternal manifestations. 1. Алимпиева Р. В. Лексема прекрасный в эстетической системе А. С. Пушкина и ее этнокультурный аспект // Актуальные проблемы лингвистической семантики : сб. науч. тр. Калининград, 1998. С. 3—10. 2. Арутюнова Н. Д. Истина. Добро. Красота: Взаимодействие концептов //Логический анализ языка: Языки...

The term event-driven concept is analyzed in the dynamic process of its tructuring in a recipient's consciousness; the functional semantico-syntactical frame of event-driven concepts with various categorial functional relations between the participants of corresponding events is shown and the linguodidactic aspect of the use of even-driven concept derivation theory for concepts of event-driven nature is demonstrated. 1. Богданов В. В. Моделирование семантики предложения // Прикладное языкозна­ние...

The article describes the lexical representation of the category «memory» in the text. Special attention is paid to the hierarchical organization of lexical units with the “memory” seme in autobiographical texts by German authors. 1.  Fontane Th. Meine Kinderjahre. Frankfurt a/M., 1983. 2.  Kästner E. Als ich ein kleiner Junge war. B., 1977. 3.  Lehwald F. Meine Lebensgeschichte. Frankfurt a/M., 1980. 4.  Mann K. Der Wendepunkt. Ein Lebensbericht. B., 1979. 5.  Schnitzler A. Jugend in...

The article provides an overview of the existing theories of categorization and their critical analysis categorization is a basic cognitive process, providing a basis for a variety of cognitive activities. The author tracks down the evolution of different theories of categorization and their interpretation. 1.  Борисов В.   Н. О смысле категории усия в философии Аристотеля . URL: http://filosof. historic. ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000199/index. html. 2.  Демьянков В.   З. Теория прототипов в семантике...

On the basis of Russian periodicals of the first half of the 18th century, the author considers lexical modal modifiers that convey situational modality meanings in combination with a dependent infinitive. The article identifies the specific features of such modifiers, namely, their capacity to express subjective-modal evaluations of newspaper text authors. Список сокращений   В — Ведомости времени Петра Великого. Вып. 1. М., 1903. СПбВ — Санкт-Петербургские ведомости // РГБ.   Фонд газет...

Cross-border cooperation as a type of interregional interaction is becoming a significant factor in the development of border regions. It can be viewed as a result of intensification of cross-border contacts and greater economic openness of cross-border regions. Thus, the roots of current development are quite easy to pinpoint. However, assessment of the impact of cross-border cooperation on the development of border regions appears to be a research challenge. In this paper, we offer an approach...

This article examines linguocultural and linguistic research on the Kashubian substra­tum, drawing on materials collected by Russian scholars, primarily those affiliated with Saint Pe­tersburg academic institutions, from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries. These materials, derived from recordings of native speakers’ oral speech as well as from written, lexicographic, and ethnographic sources, constitute an invaluable empirical foundation for the study of Kashubian. The article offers an...

In modern Finnic onomastics, the study of the pathways and mechanisms through which foreign borrowings are adapted in closely related languages has gained particular signifi­cance. Drawing on material from the Votic and Ingrian anthroponymic systems, this article examines the phonetic and morphological transformation of personal names of Christian origin. The study aims to identify the typological features of adaptation mechanisms and to distinguish between universal and language-specific characteristics...

The article examines the features of the functioning of realia words in the text of Salman Rushdie's novel "Midnight’s Children." The delimitation of the term "realia words" is car­ried out in its comparison with the concept of "realia." The language specificity of the novel is noted, which consists of intentionally incorporating exotic vocabulary into the text without corresponding authorial commentary, the meaning of which can be understood by a non-native reader only...

The author identifies the features of ironic narration in general and the narrative of a lit­erary work in particular. The main characteristics of irony as an independent textual catego­ry, encompassing hidden authorial evaluation, have been established. Based on the analysis of N. V. Gogol's works, it is concluded that the ironic narrative of the writer is built on mecha­nisms that generate contradiction in various contexts. Gogol's irony serves as an indicator of the author's transition from the...

The article examines the features of representing the confrontational speech strategy of discreditation, used in everyday communication, particularly in marital discourse. The goal of the research is to identify the speech tactics employed in domestic communication between spouses for the purpose of discrediting and weakening the communicative position of the communication partner. To achieve the research goal, descriptive method, method of compo­nent analysis, observation and interpretation method...

The features of toponymy in the Smolensk-Belarusian borderland are examined based on microtoponyms and unofficial toponyms in the Rudnya district of the Smolensk region. The material obtained through a survey of local residents is analyzed from various perspectives using selected classifications (based on nomination objects, lexical-semantic classes, structu­ral and word-formation types). Names with dialectical foundations are singled out separately. Emphasis is placed on the role of unofficial names...

This research focuses on the linguistic and cultural specifics of the concept «unity in diversity» in P. B. Shelley’s poem “Love’s philosophy”. The study reflects the expert linguistic interest to the national cultural and individual author’s specificity in interpreting philosophical concepts in literature, which have a meaning-­forming function within the space-time continuum of literary works. The aim of this research is to study the linguistic and cultural specifics of the concept «unity in diversity»...

The article deals with the problem of metaphorical verbalization of the inner state of a person using the example of a non-predicative combination в потоке + Genitive and a predicative combination быть в потоке. Attention to the semantics of the lexeme поток (flow) and to the connotative features of these combinations is due to the high frequency of metaphorical use of the word поток and combinations like “Я в потоке” in the texts of modern media and social networks. The purpose of the article is...

The article describes neological units that have been functioning in the Russian language since the 1990s to characterize artisanal products or various types of counterfeit goods. The cognitive mechanisms underlying their formation are identified, based on the metonymic or metaphorical use of the image of fire, as represented in the root morpheme pal-. It is noted that the word-formation paradigm of the verb palit’ has expanded with the addition of derivatives with figurative meanings, including...

The Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by D. N. Ushakov and his colleagues, published between 1935 and 1940, is the first major dictionary of the post-revolutionary era, reflecting the lexical composition of both the literary and colloquial speech of educated people in the new Soviet Russia. It characterized the individual of the new social order and recorded emerging linguistic norms. The aim of this article is to present this dictionary as a potential source for the study of ethnolinguistic...

This article addresses the features of representing various meanings of situational and axiological modality in the Russian phraseological space and examines certain aspects of intracategorical connections between types of subjective modality. The research material comprises 154 stable combinations with “bodily” lexicon, obtained through continuous sampling from authoritative lexicographic sources, namely: the Great Phraseological Dictionary of the Russian Language edited by V. N. Telia, the Phraseological...

This article analyses how media texts utilise phraseological units featuring family relationship vocabulary, aiming to identify the relationship between the semantics of kinship terms and the overall phraseological meaning while describing possible semantic shifts in the understanding of these phraseological units by modern Russian native speakers. Empirically, the study draws on the newspaper corpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. A broad understanding of phraseology is adopted,...

The material of the late poems by G. Shpalikov, one of the prominent representatives of poetry during the Khrushchev Thaw era, is singled out and examined in terms of the sphere of key images and motifs in the poet’s artistic world, which are encoded by the ontological-tragic situation of the lyrical subject in the enclosed chronotope of society. The central motifs of Shpalikov’s work during this period have been identified: motifs of loneliness, rootlessness, abandonment, vulnerability, farewell...

The article has identified the main functions of clinical recommendations for patients (presented in written printed form and computer-mediated). It is determined that depending on the dominant function, clinical recommendations for patients can be classified into several types: those containing information about the disease — informative (leading function — informative); created to encourage patients to take care of their own health, engage in disease prevention — persuasive (leading function —...

My aim is to reconstruct the basic steps and the fundamental idea of Kant’s transcendental deduction of categories as well as Hegel’s interpretation and reframing of Kant’s idea. Hegel’s reading is crucial for two reasons: first, for fixing the basic form of the Kant­ian argument and secondly, for understanding its metaphilosophical relevance. For Hegel, philosophical proof has a specific nature, which distinguishes it from scientific proof and brings it closer to a juridical one. In this perspective...

There is a growing interest in both Kant’s conception of philosophy and contemporary metaphilosophy, understood as philosophical inquiry into philosophy, its aims, purpose, subjects, structure, practice and methods. Kant has not contributed to metaphilosophy qua contemporary discipline, but his direct analyses of what philosophy is and how it is to be done can be identified with general subjects and problems constituting the research field of metaphilosophy. Several aspects of Kant’s conception of...

According to several passages in the available sources, Kant developed some ideas about the difference between being persuaded and being convinced which have antecedents in the German tradition, but with regard to which he developed ideas of his own. It is my intention to examine precisely some of these passages. I will explain how the philosopher understood this difference, what its relevance is and why the figure of the other is necessary to determine it. For this purpose, texts published in the...

The modern popularity of the Kantian definition of enlightenment often leads to a distorted notion that his understanding of enlightenment was dominant already during his lifetime, expressing the quintessence of all-European Enlightenment. This turns our attention away from entire layers of philosophical thought, since the Kantian definition of enlightenment in the late eighteenth century was neither the only one nor the preeminent one. The study of alternatives represented in the German philosophy...

In the semantic theory of Gottlob Frege, the content of a linguistic sign is determined by the connection between the meaning and a set of subjective perceptions that form the mean­ing. Our study aims to reveal the influence of individual perceptions of the meaning on the extension of the semantic structure of a word, using the kinship term ‘mamochka’ as an ex­ample. The article focuses on instances where the word ‘mamochka’ is used in fiction and, to some extent, Internet texts. The article examines...

The semiotic problem of the triad “sign – meaning – sense” is discussed as a methodolog­ical problem caused by philosophy of external realism and the representational theory of cog­nition based on it. Reification of linguistic signs, along with the erroneous view of the nature and function of language as a communication tool rather than the mode of existence of hu­mans as living (cognitive) systems, impedes scientific explanation of both language and lin­guistic signs. As an alternative, the core...

In this paper, translation is examined from the perspective of the semantics of possible worlds. The consequences of this viewpoint are explored, particularly in relation to the metaphor of traveling through possible and impossible worlds in translation practice. Special attention is given to cases where there are disparities between the world of the original text and the world of the translated text. For example, in the case of French subjunctive forms, which are grammatically mandatory in the original...

Axiological categories and the concepts they consist of have always been a major area of interest in science. The development of cognitive linguistics has opened new perspectives for the study of axiological events, categories and concepts within them. This article explores the structure of the axiological binary opposition truth-lie, based on the material of the English language. In English, the verbalised concept truth encodes information about both objective truth as well as its subjective perception...

We address the interaction of various interpretations of lexical items, which leads to a change in the correlation between signifieds and signifiers and the formation of new signs. Addressing the polysemic slogan ‘ОМОН-И-МЫ — АНТОНИМЫ’, we explicate the mechanism of semiotic Perpetuum mobile, that is, the cyclic recursions that allow simultane­ous actualization of various interpretations of this utterance. We demonstrate that the analy­sis of semantic relations in their dynamics requires the introduction...

The paper analyzes the concept of social meaning, which has been conceptualized in lexi­cal semantics since the 1980s and has become central in modern sociolinguistics and linguis­tic anthropology. It has been used to describe pragmatic increments in the meaning of a lan­guage unit, which it receives in context. New explanatory approaches ...

The article is devoted to extralinguistic factors that contribute to the renaming of cities in one of the North Caucasian regions of Russia. The study of toponymy, in particular, the oikonyms of a certain territory, is of great importance for the study of the history, ethnogra­phy, and culture of the people living in this territory. The purpose of this work is to identify the original names of settlements and study new names of cities, which will contribute to a more fruitful study of socio-historical...

Kant’s mourning letter or necrology for his student Johann Friedrich von Funk (1760) has hardly been received. This study attempts to change this by explaining the contexts of the short missive. In the first part this concerns in particular the influence that Gottsched exerted on the style of such printed speeches or necrolo­gies. Kant’s references therefore to the ‘Royal German Society’ in Königsberg and its founder Flottwell, a friend of Gottsched’s, are described. The influence of the Roman Stoa...

The concept of “moral sense”, introduced into the philosophical lexicon by Ashley-Cooper Shaftesbury and Francis Hutcheson, has found a place in the teachings of many thinkers. Immanuel Kant was one of them. The position of the theory of moral sense, which exerted a formative influence on Kant’s moral philosophy, varied as it evolved from the pre-critical to the critical period of Kant’s work. In order to find out what this influence was, I first reconstructed the views of Shaftesbury on the nature...

In this second installment (for the first, see Kantian Journal, 2024, vol. 43, no. 2), Kant’s references to ancient consolation writings are elaborated. The general aim is to make Kant’s proximity to the Roman Stoa, and his borrowings from it, more apparent. A comparison with his necrology for Funk then shows more explicitly how Kant takes up this ancient philosophy anew for his time, and for his fellow human beings. In so doing, he continued a trend that had begun in the Enlightenment. In Universal...

I discuss the criteria of defining linguistics against other science branches. Lin­guistics is not a proper part of semiotics, since the foundations of language do not necessarily rely on the theory of sign systems. Grammar always operates on sets, including the sets consisting of one element. Not all language objects can be treated as signs. The connectors, i. e. segmental means marking the levels of clause linkage are legal linguistic objects, but the analysis of in­dividual texts is a prerogative...

The article addresses the challenges associated with standardizing and unifying the spel­ling of toponyms in Kazakhstan. The authors conduct an analysis of the linguistic varia­bility of toponyms, exploring methods for their transcription into Kazakh, Russian, and Eng­lish languages. The study's findings reveal that a majority of the country's geographical names un­dergo various modifications. The authors identify and scrutinize several types of transfor­ma­tions, including transliteration, phonetic...

The article undertakes a conceptual analysis of the challenges associated with translating works from the Corpus Areopagiticum, a collection of theological treatises attributed to Dio­nysius the Areopagite from the 1st century. However, these works are unequivocally associat­ed with early medieval Eastern Christian mystical-theological thought, presumably from the turn of the 5th—6th centuries. These texts first appeared in the Slavic Orthodox area in 1370, and subsequent translations emerged at...

... misconstrued as the absence of shared human experiences. By employing a multidisci­plinary approach that encompasses linguistics, cognitive science, and cultural studies, we have conducted an analysis of the conceptual framework underlying this type of lexis and identified macro- and micro-conceptual attributes that may necessitate various verbalizations in different cultural and contextual settings. Aho, W. R., 1994. Is sisu alive and well among Finnish Americans? In: M. G. Kar­ni and J. Asala,...