The cathedral and the icon in the literary world of V. Shukshin’s short stories
This article analyses the role of the cathedral and the icon in the lives of V. Shukshin’s characters: the author shows the most important features of the Russian national character of the second half of the 20th century, as well as the peculiarities of the axiological system characteristic of a non-clerical, but religious consciousness. The author identifies typological features of the characters according to their attitude to the society and nature. The article shows how the tradition of Russian...
The man as seen in Russian jokes
The cultural portrait of the man is reconstructed on the basis of contemporary Russian jokes in the context of gender studies. The author identifies such typical traits as love of drinking and watching sports programmes, laziness, ostentatious eroticism, etc. At the same time, certain mechanism of the comical are defined from the perspectives of cultural and cognitive linguistics.
1. Арутюнова Н. Д., Падучева Е. В. Истоки, проблемы и категории прагматики // Новое в зарубежной лингвистике. М., 1985...
The causes and consequences of the semantic devaluation of the words пафос and пафосный in modern Russian
This article considers the radical changes in the functioning of literary lexis in the Russian language of the early 21st century, namely the causes and consequences of the semantic devaluation of the noun пафос and its syntactic derivate, the adjective пафосный, whose semantic transformation is explained by the speech expansion of glamorous lifestyle as an aggressive subculture.
1. Арутюнова Н. Д. Ненормативные явления и язык // Язык и логическая теория : сб. науч. тр. М., 1987.
2. МАС — Словарь...
A man a seen by a man in modern Russian chanson
This article presents a gender portrait of a man as seen in modern “male” Russian chanson. Two types of such portrait are identified: the lyrical one that is reconstructed on the basis of the songwriter’s self-expression and the objective one that develops when the songwriter looks at a man as another. In these circumstances, a man appears as a philosopher striving to comprehend life and his place in it.
1. Берестнев Г. И. Женщина глазами мужчины в современном русском шансоне // Вестник Балтийского...
Russian linguistic personality in the socio-cultural dimension of new expat community
1. Георусистика. Первое приближение : сб. науч. ст. / под ред. А. Н. Рудякова. Симферополь, 2010.
2. Барр Д. Г. Дом разбитых зеркал. Минск, 2011.
3. Иконникова С. Н. Биография как социокультурное измерение истории //Культурологический журнал. 2011. № 4 (6). URL: http://www.journal.ru/rus/journals/100.html&j_id=8 (дата обращения: 10.05.2012).
4. Караулов Ю. Н. Русский язык и языковая личность. М., 2010.
5. Культура русской речи : энциклопедический словарь-справочник. М.,2003.
6. Млечко Т. П....
About the status of Russian language, educational reform and teaching Russian language in Lithuania
1. Афанасьева Г. Я русский бы выучил, только какой? URL: http://ru.DELFI.lt (дата обращения: 05.04.12).
2. В Литве английский проигрывает русскому языку в деловой сфере.URL: http://ru.DELFI.lt (дата обращения: 01.02.12).
3. В Литве большинство учеников национальных школ, изучающих второй иностранный язык, выбирают русский. URL: http://www.gramota.ru/lenta/news/8_2073 (дата обращения: 19.03.12).
4. Грихачева Н. Истребление сознания. URL: http://inosmi.ru/baltic/ 20101110/164153003.html (дата обращения:...
Fet and the symbolists
1. Бальмонт К. Д. О русских поэтах. Элементарные слова о символической поэзии // Горные вершины: сб. ст. М., 1904. Кн. 1.
2. Блок А. А. Ирония // Блок А. А. Собр. соч.: в 8 т. М., 1962. Т. 5.
3. Брюсов В. А. А. Фет. Искусство или жизнь // Мир искусства. 1903. № 1—2.
4. Минц З. Г. Владимир Соловьев — поэт // Соловьев В. Стихотворения и шуточные пьесы. Л., 1974.
5. Мочульский К. Владимир Соловьев, жизнь и учение. Париж, 1951.
6. Современник. 1857. № 2.
7. Соловьев В. Стихотворения. Эстетика....
Philosophy of Hermann Cohen (Publication, Foreword and Commentary by N. A. Dmitrieva)
.... Inventory 155, Folder 1087, Sheet 92. St. Petersburg: Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). (In Rus.)
Dmitrieva, N. A., 2007. Russkoe neokantianstvo: “Marburg” v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: “Marburg” in Russia. Historical and Philosophical Essays]. Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Rus.)
Kolerov, M. A., 2018. Hermann Cohen: Russian Obituaries from 1918. Kantian Journal, 37(2), pp. 58-63.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2018-2-4
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Rezvykh, T. M., 2014. Petersburg ...
The Image of Fichte’s Philosophy in German Neo-Kantianism
... Fichte-Studien, 45, pp. 309-327.
Belov, V. N., 2014. Ethics in the System of Philosophical Criticism of Hermann Cohen. Ethical Thought, 14, pp. 174-199. (In Rus.)
Belov, V. N., 2016. Our Disagreements: On the Anniversary of the Leading Kant Scholar of Modern Russia. Kantian Journal, 2(56), pp. 10-15. (In Rus.)
Bykova, M. F., 2006. The Concept of the Subject in Fichte’s Philosophy, Istoriko-filosofskii ezhegodnik 2006, pp. 151-179. (In Rus.)
Cohen, H., 1877. Kants Begründung der Ethik. Berlin: Harwitz und ...
Space and Time as A Priori Forms in the Works of Hermann Cohen and Ivan Lapshin
... Voprosy filosofii, 3, pp. 75-88. (In Rus.)
Brodsky, A. I., 2013. I. I. Lapshin’s Metaphysical Constructivism. In: V. N Brushinkin and V. S. Popova, eds. 2013. Neokantianstvo v Rossii: Ivanovich Vvedensky, Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin. [Neo-Kantianism in Russia: Alexander Ivanovich Vvedensky, Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin]. Moscow: ROSPEN, pp. 246-254. (In Rus.)
Demin, M. R., 2010. The Right to Kant: on the Dispute between Adolf Trendelenburg and Kuno Fischer. In: I. Griftsova and N. Dmitrieva, eds. 2010. Neokantianstvo ...
Georges Gurvitch and Sergey Hessen on the Possibility of Forming Social Unity
... [Selected Writings]. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 147-542. (In Rus.)
Hessen, S. I., 2012. Modern Democracy (translated by N. V. Danilkina). Kantian Journal, 1(39), pp. 75-84. (In Rus.)
Kornilaev, L. Yu., 2019. The Specifics of Criticism on E. Lask’s Philosophy in Russia. Voprosy Filosofii, 12, pp. 132-144.
http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/S004287440007532-0
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Lask, E., 1923. Die Logik der Philosophie und die Kategorienlehre. In: E. Lask, 1923. Gesammelte Schriften. Band 2. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), pp....
The Emergence of Onto-Gnoseology among Russian Intuitivists as Criticism of Neo-Kantianism
... enciklopediya, pp. 147-155. (In Rus.)
Cohen, H., 1922. Logik der reinen Erkenntnis. Berlin: Bruno Cassirer.
Dmitrieva, N. А., 2007. Russkoe neokantianstvo: “Marburg” v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: “Marburg” in Russia. Historical and Philosophical Essays]. Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Rus.)
Dmitrieva, N. А., 2016. The Conception of History by Nikolai Boldyrev: Neo-Kantian Perspectives. History of Philosophy, 21(2), pp. 45-58. (In Rus.)
Frank, S. L., 1983. The Unknowable: ...
On Fire. Dissertation for the Master’s Degree. Translation from the Latin into Russian, Preface and Notes by S. V. Lugovoy
The text of Kant’s first dissertation is a translation from Latin from an academic publication of a collection of Kant’s works: Kant, I. Meditationum quarundam de igne succincta delineatio... In: Königlich Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, ed., 1910. Kants Gesammelte Schriften. 1. Abhandling: Werke. Band I: Vorkritische Schriften I, 1747-1756. Berlin: Georg Reimer, 1910, pp. 369-384. The publication is available at https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg- essen.de/kant/aa01/ [Accessed 10 March 2019]...
Logic Manuals for Women in the Late Enlightenment Era
In the focus of my attention there are six German-language textbooks in logic published in the second half of the eighteenth century. What distinguishes these books is that they were all written specially for women. While such works were fairly common in France and Italy during this period, they had something of an exotic character in the German-speaking world. Today these works and their authors are generally seen as secondary and marginal. Nevertheless, they may be of substantial interest in the...
The Russians in "Kant-Studien". Part 1: Vaihinger's "Kant- Studien" (1896—1933)
This article constitutes the first block of a study into publications of Russian thinkers in Kant-Studien — the leading journal of international Kant studies and the main periodical of the international Kant's Society. The article offers an overview of Russian authors' publications in Kant-Studien in 1896—1933.
1. Архимандрит Антоний (Храповицкий). Моральное обоснование важнейшей христианской догмы» // Теологический журнал. 1894. № 3. С. 423—445.
2. Беседа с Хансом-Георгом Гадамером. Русские в...
Cultural foundations of the style of philosophising (a comparison of N. O. Lossky's oeuvre with I. Kant's anthropology)
The concepts of style and topos in their cultural studies interpretation by Yu. V. Rozhdestvensky are applied to the analysis of some fragments of N. O. Lossky's philosophical concept pertaining to the features of Russian culture in general and the originality of Russian philosophy in particular. The topic is developed through comparative digressions into the field of anthropological aspects of I. Kant's philosophy.
1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Сравнительное исследование западноевропейской и русской философии...
Russian Kantianism and Neo-Kantianism of the beginning of the 20th century in the unpublished memoirs of A. A. Borovoi
The unpublished memoirs of the anarchist writer Alexei Borovoi (1875—1935) contain crucial information on Russian Kantianism and Neo-Kantianism. The article describes philosophical societies, discussions and philosophical biographies on the basis of archive records.
1. Боровой А. Париж был и остается замечательнейшим фактом моей биографии (Публикация С. В. Шумихина) // Диаспора: новые материалы. СПб., 2004. Т. 6.
2. Его же. Моя жизнь. Воспоминания. Гл. 7: Как я стал анархистом. (Подготовка текста...
Analytical Kant studies, transcendental idealism, and the thing in itself
In modern theoretical analytical philosophy, the interest in Kant is primarily due to discussions on the nature of sensory perceptions, on the epistemological status of experience, and on the so-called ‘constructivism’. The conflict of interpretations goes so far that some consider Kant to be a conceptualist, while others consider him an anti-conceptualist. For some, he is an internalist and, for others, an externalist. For some, he is a constructivist and, for others is a realist. This paper develops...
Kant and the Problem of Optimism: The Origin of the Debate
Kant scholars have rarely addressed the notion of optimism as it was interpreted by the Königsbergian philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodicy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the...
The Russians in Kant-Studien. Part 2 (1954—2010)
This article is the second part of the research concerning the publications of Russian scholars in Kant-Studien, the leading periodical dedicated to Kantian studies and the most important print of International Kant Society. The article describes the history of publications of Russian authors from 1974 to 2008.
1. Асмус В. Ф. Диалектический материализм и логика. Очерк развития диалектического метода в новейшей философии от Канта до Ленина. Киев, 1924.
2. Асмус В. Ф. Диалектика Канта. М., 1929...
Kant, Gödel, and the problem of synthetic a priori judgements
Debates over Kant’s famous postulate about the existence of synthetic a priori judgements in mathematics, formulated in the Critique of Pure Reason, have been raging for over two centuries. On the one hand, it was fiercely criticised by neo-positivists in the early 20th century. On the other hand, Kant’s ideas on constructive nature of mathematics served as a philosophical framework for LEJ Brouwer’s programme of intuitionism in the foundations of mathematics. Of interest are the ideas of the great...
How transcendental are Kant’s principles of public law?
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the content, meaning, and scenarios of applying the transcendental principles of public law formulated in the second appendix to Kant’s treatise Toward Perpetual Peace. The author compares different interpretations of these principles by Russian and international researchers. The article strives to answer the question as to what type of ‘public’ is meant by these principles, whether these principles can serve as a priori criteria for selecting maxims...
Neo-Kantian and phenomenological axiology in N. N. Alekseev’s philosophy of law
... evrazijskoj kul'tury [Spiritual preconditions of Eurasian culture] // Alexeev, N. N., Russkii narod i gosudarstvo [Russian nation and the state], Moscow, P. 142—154.
9. Alexeev, N. N., 1998b, Na putiakh k budushchei Rossii [On the way to the future Russia] // Alexeev, N. N., Russkii narod i gosudarstvo [Russian nation and the state], Moscow, P. 282—371.
10. Alexeev, N. N., 1998c, Sovremennoe polozhenie nauki o gosudarstve i ee blizhajshie zadachi [The current situation and immediate objectives ...
Genius as a norm or the Moravian Church in the life and works of A. A. Fet
Based on the theory of genius presented in Kant’s Critique of Judgement, the author considers the idea of normal genius as opposed to the genius of Romanticism and Postmodernism. The influence of Postmodernism is manifested in popular interpretations of the works of great artists — especially, Russian ones — as a product of mental disorders and perversions. The author analyses an interpretation of the oeuvre of the great Russian poet and thinker A. A. Fet. Factors that affected the fundamentals of...
Paul Natorp’s social pedagogic theory and it’s relevance to modern russian education
... knowledge: correlation of the concepts in the classical German philosophy], St. Petersburg, p. 260—270.
9. Dmitrieva, N. A., 2007, Russkoe neokantianstvo: «Marburg» v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: “Marburg” in Russia. History and Philosophy essays], Moscow.
10. Kurennoy, V. A., 2006, Filosofiya i pedagogika Paulya Natorpa [Paul Natorp’s philosophy and pedagogics], Izbrannye raboty [Selected works], Moscow, p. 7—25.
11. Lapshin, I. I., 1911, Social'naya ...
Kant’s fundamental idea of state and law in Pushkin’s Boris Godunov
The tragedy Boris Godunov occupies a unique place in A. S. Pushkin’s oeuvre. It was a turning point, when the author needed the whole power of his poetical genius, when a work beyond traditional literary and aesthetic styles, which interchange and establish a canon of a new style that transforms its predecessors in an act of creativity, appeared in Russian culture. Boris Godunov marked the birth of an individual author’s style in Russian art. A unique literary world — the world of Pushkin — manifested...
Is Hermann Cohen a Neo-Kantian?
The article focuses on overcoming the superficial approach to Neo-Kantianism: Neo-Kantianism is widely interpreted as a one-sided understanding of Kant’s works, their corruption, and, thus, a dead-end branch of the transcendental philosophy of the great Königsberg thinker. The author also discusses some of the fundamental aspects of divergence between Hermann Cohen’s philosophical system and German Neo-Kantianism. It is argued that Cohen created an original philosophical system; therefore, it is...
The significance of the critique of A. I. Vvedensky’s ‘new psychophysiological law’ for Russian philosophy
... critical monadologie)], Moscow.
2. Belov, V. N. 2013, Vvedensky—rodonachalnik russkovo neokantianstva [Vvedensky — the founder of Russian neo-Kantianism], Neokantianstvo v Rossii: Aleksandr Ivanovich Vvedensky, Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin [Neo-Kantianism in Russia: Alexander Vvedensky, Ivan Lapshin], P. 74—93, Moscow.
3. Vvedensky, A. I. 1893, Vtorichnij vizov na cpor o zakone oduschevleniy i otvet protivnikam [Secondary call to dispute about the law of animation and response to the opponents], Voprosi ...
Russian-German philosophical dialogue in the late 19th/the first half of the 20th centuries: Publications of Russian philosophers in the Kant-Studien and Logos journals
... of the German-language space. This influ¬ence is accounted for by the phenomenon that would be later called the ‘Silver age of Russian phi¬losophy’ and the phenomenon of Russian philosophy abroad — a product of the wars and revolu¬tions in Russia and a result of the exodus of Russian philosophers to the West, where Germany was one of their first safe havens.
1. Ermichev, A. A. 2012, Filosofskoe soderzhanie zhurnalov russkogo Zarubezh'ja (1918—1939) [Philosophical content of the magazines ...
The philosophical and legal content of Sergey Hessen’s concept of personality
This article aims to consider the concept of personality proposed by the prominent exponent of Russian neo-Kantianism Sergey Hessen and its philosophical and legal content. The frame of reference used to achieve this aim is determined by the personality-culture-the general will-the state coordinates. The author compares Hessen’s ideas with Bogdan Kistyakovsky’s legal concept. Hessen distinguished between several layers of meaning in the notion of culture — civilizedness, level of education, and civic...
Bogdan Kistiakovy’s Project of “State of the Future” as Synthesis of the Ideas of Liberalism and Socialism
This article is devoted to the correlation between liberal and socialist ideas in the social and philosophical conception of the prominent methodologist of social sciences and a Neo-Kantian legal theorist Bogdan Kistyakovsky. The author stresses the uncertainty of both the definition of liberalism and the principles behind attributing concrete thinkers to this movement. The article emphasises the inconsistency of classifying Kistyakovsky’s socio-philosophical concept as liberal. The analysis performed...
Kant and the “internal colonisation of Russia” (on the book In¬ternal Colo-nisation. Russia’s Imperial Experience by A. Etkind)
1. Эткинд А. М. Внутренняя колонизация. Имперский опыт России / авториз. пер. с англ. В. Макарова. — М. : Новое литературное обозрение, 2013. — 448 c
2. Александр Эткинд: Кант под российским правлением. URL: http://gefter.ru/ archive/7025 (дата обращения: 10.12.2012)
3. Львовский С. Помимо Востока и Запада. URL: http://archives.colta.ru/docs/31055 (дата обращения: 4.09.2013)
4. Menschenkunde Starkes (1781/82) // Kant’s Gesammelte Schriften (АА) / Hrsg. von der Königlich Preußischen Akademie der...
From Marburg to Odessa: A contribution to a scientific bio-graphy of S. L. Rubinstein
This article reconstructs certain episodes of the early intellectual biography (1889—1960) of S. L. Rubinstein — a Russian Neo-Kantian, philosopher, and psychologist — and presents the fol-lowing archive documents: the letter of Martha Cohen (1918), the widow of the German neo-Kantian Hermann Cohen, S. L. Rubinstein’s teacher; two Rubinstein’s autobiographies of the early 1920s; a review of Rubinstein’s thesis, which was supervised by H. Cohen and P. Natorp and de-fended at Marburg University, prepared...
A. A. Fet and Kant’s stars-and-morals motif in Russian philosophical poetry
This article maintains that the founder of the “stars-and-morals” cycle in Russian philosophical poetry of the 1840s is A. A. Fet. From the poems “I stood a long time without moving” (1843) and “To Le Verrier's Neptune” (1846) to “To extinguished stars” (1890), i. e. over half a century, Fet created lyrical miniatures under the influence of Kant’s and Schopenhauer’s ideas.
1. Благой Д. Д. Мир как красота. (О «вечерних огнях» А. Фета) // Фет А. А. Вечерние огни. М., 1981.
2. Григорьев А. А. Комета...
The notion of history in the works of H. Cohen and M. Kagan
This article considers the attempt by the Russian Neokantianer M. Kagan to create a concept of philosophy of history through developing the main ideas of philosophy of history formulated by his teacher, the founder of the Marburg School of Neokantianism, H. Cohen. The author emphasizes the cardinal importance of philosophy of history for the philosophical position of the Russian thinker.
1. Каган М. И. Автобиографические заметки // Каган М. И. О ходе истории / ред.-сост. В. Л. Махлин. М., 2004....
B. V. Yakovenko and Logos journal
This article investigates the history and priority fields of the Russian journal on philosophy of culture, Logos, whose ideological inspirator and one of the chief editors was the Russian philosopher Boris V. Yakovenko. The author also focuses on the history of the first issue of Logos published in Prague and the reasons behind the suspension of the second issue.
1. Белов В. Н., Рожков В. П. История русской философии. Саратов, 2006.
2. Ермичев А. А. О неокантианстве Б. В. Яковенко и его месте в...
The Russians in Kant-Studien. Part II (1954—2012)
This article is the second part of the research concerning the publications of Russian scholars in Kant-Studien, the leading periodical dedicated to Kant studies and the most important print of the International Kant Society. The article describes the history of publications of Russian authors from 1974 to 2008.
1. Asmus V. F. Dialekticheskij materializm i logika. Ocherk razvitija dialekticheskogo metoda v novejshej filosofii ot Kanta do Lenina. Kiev, 1924.
2. Asmus V. F. Dialektika Kanta. M....
Axiological potential of figurative units of the Russian language, translating the plant code
The article evaluates the linguistic units of the lexical-phraseological level related to the lexical-semantic group “plants.” Metaphors, comparisons, and phraseological expressions possessing imagery, semantic dualism, and an associative nature of expression are characterized. The aim of the research is to identify the axiological meanings of an extensive group of linguistic units representing the plant code in Russian culture. Attention is given not only to the core but also to peripheral “plant”...
Education in orthodox comprehensive schools in modern Russia: the issue of choosing methodological principles of research
The development of Orthodox comprehensive education schools in Russia at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, as part of the religious education system, makes them a new and relevant subject for scientific research. The necessity of restoring the full educational function of modern schools ...
Speech portrait of a modern Russian woman: an onomastic fragment
The article studies a fragment of the speech portrait of a modern Russian woman through the perception of a personal image. The role of personal names in women’s lives, the comprehension of naming, and the features of name functioning in verbal communication are indicated. The author analyzes the tendencies of changes in naming in various historical periods, as well as the reasons for such changes. The paper also studies the trends in the selection of names, identifies the criteria for a fashionable...
Subjective modality as a way of expressing author’s intentions in the first printed Russian newspaper “Vedomosti” of the times of Peter the Great
The article examines the potential of the subjective modality as a tool to implement the author’s intentions in the texts of the first Russian printed newspaper «The Vedomosti». The article reveals a significant role of the subjective-modal meanings built over the objective modality through a number of expressive tools (modality units, parenthetical words and structures, particles). The author illustrates and qualifies the modal syncretism of the newspaper text.
Language means of creating an image of a Muslim woman in internet sports discourse
The relevance of the conducted research is determined by insufficient level of knowledge of the Muslim culture and its features, typical for modern Russian society. Due to the multidimensional nature of a Muslim woman image, the article considers one of the aspects of its discursive representation, which is the lexical means used by the authors to portray a Muslim woman athlete. The research material comes from Russian Internet sources devoted to Muslim issues. The results of the research indicate...
Modality as a way to decode the author’s personality in an ancient Russian masterpiece “The Testament of Vladimir Monomakh”
The article deals with the modal organization of the Old Russian literary work “The Testament of Vladimir Monomakh”, its genre and purpose. The article identifies the plane of content of author’s modality and the means of its representation in the text of the manuscript. The authors establish the role of the author’s modality in the creation of Vladimir Monomakh’s portrait characteristic, which describes him as a person and a statesperson.
1. Бахтин М. М. Эстетика словесного творчества. М., 1979...
Onomastic component of a linguistic identity of a Russian military officer
The article verifies the proposal that the study of the onomastic component makes it possible to reveal more fully the specific of the language personality of the Russian military officer. Theoretical analysis of existing papers results in a generalized concept of a language personality as an image of a bearer of knowledge, models of behavior and reactions, cultural-linguistic and communicative-activity values. The vocabulary activated in communication is considered from the point of view of...
Intonological aspect of the vocal form of the language (on the example of the Russian choir)
The article studies intonation features of vocal form of the language. The melody of national opera music reveals inherent prosodic corrrelation with the language intonation units and their features. The two cognitive systems, namely music and language, function via intonological models (the ones characteristic of both music and speech) of perception. Although the vocal music melody of a national language is not fully identical to speech intonation patterns acoustically, it still includes a number...
Peculiarities of the English loanwords top-, VIP- functioning in the modern Russian language
The paper describes some aspects of English loanwords top- and VIP- in the modern Russian language. The morphological status of the components depends on their derivative value in the donor language (analytical adjective, prefixoid) or according to the derivational model of the recipient language (radixoid, affixoid, root). It is substantiated that the prepositive component top- acts as a sociopragmatic marker with the value of the highest position held by the compared objects in various ratings...