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... structure and the peculiarities as well as the differences between the deduction of experience and the deduction of freedom. I single out the following features of the two types of deduction. First, theoretical use of reason is aimed at objects while practical reason is aimed at noumena, the foundations of will and freedom. Second, the transcendental deduction of space and time, as well as the deduction of categories, is preceded by transcendental reduction, which is absent in the deduction of freedom. Third, Kant orients the methodological movement of deductions in opposite directions....

This paper deals with the “Table of the Categories of Freedom” in the second main chapter of Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason. It provides an account of the role these categories are supposed to play and also of their conceptual content. The key to a proper understanding lies in the realisation that they are derived from the ... ... their conceptual content from the functions of thinking underlying each category. Furthermore, Kant justifies by means of a transcendental deduction the fact that the categories of freedom necessarily relate to all objects of the will. I argue that the ...

... Metaphysics of Morals. He emphasises that freedom is not justified and postulates a transcendental structure similar to the unity of transcendental apperception in order to unify all volitions of an agent and make the initial application of freedom possible. The first innovation gives rise to a number of questions as to the justification of maxims, whereas the second leads to the theory of moral self-constitution, which was not completed within Kant’s practical philosophy. Together, they create a voluntaristic image of Kant, which undermines the philosopher’s earlier comparison ...

... empirical dimensions of freedom, will, and action as the crucial point for understanding the relationship between theoretical and practical reason in Kant’s and Husserl’s practical philosophy. Relying on the explanation of the relationship between transcendental and practical freedom given in Kant's practical philosophy, the author problematizes Kant’s thesis about the primacy of practical reason. This is the starting point and leitmotif in analysing the nature of revision of Kant’s ideas, premises, and problems in the ...

... course of the argument I discuss Kant’s concepts of autonomy and heteronomy showing how they refer to will and to ethics. Then ... ... Spinoza’s thought that make every heteronomous interpretation of his practical philosophy extremely unlikely. These are i) identification ... ... non-subjective notion of goodness. Added to this is my discussion of freedom and necessity in Kant and Spinoza in which I show that ... ... Filozoficzna, 65(1), pp. 95-116. Lord, B., 2011. Kant and Spinozism: Transcendental Idealism and Immanence from Jacobi to Deleuze. London: ...

... personality proposed by the prominent exponent of Russian neo-Kantianism Sergey Hessen and its philosophical and legal content. The frame of reference used to achieve this... ... culture existed in a dialectical relationship. Hessen emphasised the primacy of personal freedom and the need to distinguish between freedom and power of choice. Acts of choice... ... collection of scientific works based on materials of the 1st International scientific and practical conference of young scientists], Moscow, 15 January 2017. p. 250—264. 16...

... Russian Neo-Kantianism studies in Poland. Although the number and quality of studies on the history of Russian Neo-Kantianism ... ... logice. Teoria prawdy neokantowskiej szkoły badenskiej [Primacy of practical reason in the logic. Theory of truth of neo-Kantian Baden ... ... Ern (1. Przedstawiciele idealizmu transcendentalno-logicznego) [Transcendental logical idealism in Russia and its criticism. Vladimir ... ... Wolnosc jako wiernosc [Nicolai Berdyayev and Fyodor Stepun on freedom. Freedom as fidelity] // Paradowski R. Metafizyka i kultura....

... Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals // The Cambridge Edition of Works of Immanuel Kant. Practical Philosophy. Cambridge, 1999. P. 37—109. 7. Kant I. The Metaphysics of Morals // Ibid. P. 353—605. 8. Nozik R. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. Oxford, 1993. 9. Rawls J. Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy. Harvard, 2000. 10. Stroud B. Transcendental Arguments // The Journal of Philosophy. 1968. Vol. 65,№ 9. P. 241—256. Kant, Nozik, categorical imperative, “minimal state”, freedom, libertarianism Chaly V. 46-52 10.5922/0207-6918-2014-2-4 [text]1. Brogan...

... (2) a methodological project (“How do we do philosophy?”); and (3) a taxonomic project (“What are the different parts of ... ... a ‘metaphysics of morals’ vs. ‘moral anthropology’, ‘practical anthropology’ or ‘applied moral philosophy’. Based ... ... https://doi.org/10.1177/016224398000500403 . Frierson, P., 2003. Freedom and Anthropology in Kant’s Moral Philosophy. Cambridge: ... ... https://doi.org/10.1515/op phil-2020-0190. Lewin, M., 2021b. Transcendental Philosophy as a Scientific Research Programme. Kantian ...

... ‘metaphysics of science’. 20th century philosophy of science acknowledged empiricism and it was anti-metaphysic and positivistic. However, all forms of empiricism and positivism... ... is the cognition of the absolute universal in both theoretical (the true being) and practical (the supreme good) terms. ‘Transcendental’ philosophy was conceived as a project to redeem philosophy in the... ... in view of metaphysics of self-consciousness and the doctrine of practical reason, freedom, identity, and dignity of a human being as a personality. It should also embrace...

... of the idea of a “new Enlightenment”, Ernst von Weizsäcker and Anders Wijkman, in their 2018 report to the Club of Rome analyse ... ... may form the basis of the concept of society in which individual freedom and social development are interconnected and the mutually ... ... Journal, 1(16), pp. 80-89. (In Rus.) Bryushinkin, V. N., 2013. The Transcendental Synthesis of World Models in Intellectual Systems.... ... Kant, I., 1996. The Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Edited and translated by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: ...

... rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic ... ... of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called “Transcendental theology”. It is of limited research interest,... ... first edition of the Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of Practical Reason, and shortly before the publication of Groundwork ... ... postulates, practical reason, existence of god, immortality of soul, freedom, highest good, axiom, moral theology, belief, happiness,...

Kant’s solution for the problem of freedom of the will rests on his transcendental idealism and its differentiation of appearances and things in themselves. Human beings, with their bodies and observable inner and outer ... ... in time, are not determined by the necessity of causal laws of nature, but can be determined by the moral law of their pure practical reason which they give to themselves. The actions of the will, observable volitions and external actions, can therefore,...

... definitions, types and tasks of Kant's anthropology: Is "moral" or "practical" anthropology identical to "pragmatic" anthropology? Does anthropology... ... what extent is metaphilosophy present in the Anthropology? What is the 'fundamental' transcendental anthropology? The idea of an anthroponomy remains an unsolved puzzle... ... Anthropologie und Moral­philosophie bei Kant. Frankfurt a/M;Bern, 1981. 13. Guyer P. Beauty, Freedom, and Morality. Kant’s Lectures on Anthropolo­gy and the Development of his Aesthetic...

... of a maximum of morality that can ground our moral disposition and in so doing acts as a stan­dard for morality. More precisely,... ... Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Engstrom, S., 2009. The Form of Practical Knowledge: A Study of the Categorical Imperative. Harvard: ... ... and the Capacity to Judge: Sensibility and Discursivity in the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason. Princeton: ... ... Evidence. In: J. Jordan and D. L. Howard-Snyder, eds. 1996. Faith, Freedom and Rationality. Lanham and London: Rowman & Littlefield,...

... three Critiques, exemplified by his analysis of the aesthetic and reflective judgment in his third Critique, with their principle ... ... theoretical knowledge of God, the subject, things-in-themselves, transcendental ideas is impossible. This leads to a kind of “negative ... ... postulates of God and immortality of the soul, based on the “fact of freedom” and its connection to the moral imperative, ensure the ... ... Saying: That May Be Correct in Theory, but It is of No Use in Practice. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and ...

... human will puts it out of human reach either in thought or in practice. For rational thought it is more natural to imagine the ... ... philosophy can think the archetype of perfection only as its pure and whole moral attitude through all the maxims and acts. Philosophy ... ... University Press. Jacobs, N., 2006. Kant’s Prototypical Theology: Transcendental Incarnation as a Rational Foundation for God-Talk.... ... pp. 117-137. Sudakov, A. K., 2008. “True Self”: Reason as Freedom in Kantian Ethical Personalism. Philosophy and Culture,...

... devoted to the question of the nature of universality in morality and the mechanisms of universalisation of individual maxims and ... ... Diskursethik. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp, pp. 9-30. Hare, R. M., 1963. Freedom and Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hare, R. M., 1981.... ... Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Critique of Practical Reason. Translated by W. S. Pluhar. Cambridge and Indianapolis: ... ... Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 593-607. Schelling, F. W. J., 2001. System of Transcendental Idealism. Translated by P. Heath, Introduction by ...

... philosophy is the contention that, while we can know our moral maxims and can thus reflect on our actions from a moral point of view,... ... Common Saying: That may be correct in theory, but is of no use in practice”. It is against this background that I revisit Kant’s ... ... Lipscomb and J. Krueger, eds. 2010. Kant’s Moral Metaphysics: God, Freedom, and Immortality. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 211-230.... ... action, reason, self-knowledge, moral self-knowledge, maxims, transcendental apperception Renz U. 11-42 10.5922/0207-6918-2021-4-2

... that when addressing the problem persistent in his oeuvre — whether the humanity exists independently in space or it is a transcendental project — the Saint Petersburg poet A. S. Kushner always consults with I. Kant. 1. Гейне Г. Собр.... ... в 2 т. М., 1988. Т. 2. С. 478. existence of God, perfection, autonomy, heteronomy, beauty of nature, postulates of the practical reason, freedom, determinism Kalinnikov L. A. 33-51 10.5922/0207-6918-2010-3-3