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One of the key ethical debates in Russian religious thought, initiated by Leo Tolstoy, concerned the question of nonresistance to evil by force. The purpose of this article is to assess the ... ... course of the debate, notably the positions and arguments of Leo Tolstoy, Vladimir Solovyov, Ivan Ilyin and Nikolai Berdyaev. Beginning with Tolstoy, Russ­ian thinkers introduced the original ethical content of the idea of nonresistance derived from the ...

The investigation of any violation of the law begins with certain actions of law enforce­ment authorities, which must comply with the purposes of criminal proceedings (Article 6 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation). At the stage of initiating a criminal case, such verification actions are divided into operational-search measures, other procedural actions, and investigative actions. In the theory and practice of criminal procedure, a number of issues remain regarding the system of ...

... this word in the ethnographic era and its modern interpretation. Further on, following Buslaev‘s fundamental idea that at its initial stage literature assumes not only secular, but also spiritual social obligations, it is possible to show that the title ... ... features, at the same time acquiring verbal properties. As a result, the boundary, which should run between the title and the beginning of the poem, is blurred. At the same time, “Nystwan” acquires a special emotional strength, which puts it on a par ...

... visual text that encodes the key parameters of the semantic organisation of urban environment. Hermeneutic presuppositions and initial cultural conditions for such an analysis are formulated. Based on the visual semiotics of Umberto Eco, it is shown that ... ... Russ.). Stepanyan, A. A. and Simyan, T. S., 2012. Yerevan as a semiotic text (the expe­rien­ce of reconstruction of the “beginning” and “end” of Mashtots Avenue). Kritika i se­mi­otika [Critique and Semiotics], 16, pp. 6—16 (in Russ.). Stoletov,...

The author explores the perception of the characteristic traits of Russian people that was widespread among military intellectuals and their associates — publishers, authors and sub­scribers of the journal “1812” at the end of the 19th — the beginning of the 20th centuries. The same group of military historians, academics and popularizers initiated the foundation of the Museum of 1812 and the Borodino panorama, painted by F. A. Roubaud for the 100th anni­versary of the Patriotic War of 1812. On the one hand, publications in the journal reflected the prevailing worldview and the lexis ...

... uchenii v kon­spektivnom izlozhenii [Nonclassical and modern philosophy. A synoptic history of teachnings]. Ridero (in Russ.). Klyukanov, I., 2018. Soobchenie i zabytie [Message and forgetting]. Moscow; St. Peters­burg: The Center of the Humanities Initiatives (in Russ.). Kudryashev, I., 2018. “Poleznoe”: V topku Rassela. S chego nachat’ samostoyatel’noe izuchenie filosofii? [“The useful”: in Russel’s furnace. Where to begin unaided study of philosophy?]. Available at: https://concepture.club/post/infopoloz/how-to-start-studying-philosophy [Accessed 28 July 2019] (in Russ.). Lotman, Yu., 1992. Kul’tura i vzryv [Culture and explosion]. M.; Gnozis (in Russ.). Lotman,...

... raise the hermeneutic question of what kind of Kant a particular researcher is dealing with at a particular time — from the beginning of the nineteenth century until our days. The author notes the peremptory character of some of Shpet’s claims as well ... ... accords with Shpet’s conviction that terms have meaning and explanatory power. Contrary to Shpet, it is difference that is the initial experience and the key term in phenomenological and post-phenomenological philosophy. Brentano, F., 2022. Habilitation ...

Transcendental philosophy was not born like Athena out of Zeus’s head, mature and in full armour from the very beginning. That is why in both prefaces to the Critique of Pure Reason (1781 and 1787) Kant introduces the concept of transcendental ... ... predecessors and followers, the idea of transcendental philosophy has undergone a series of changes and adjustments compared to the initial plan. In this context, my goal is not simply exegesis and historical investigation of transcendental philosophy, but also ...

.... According to Cohen, thinking is the thinking of first elements. However, he understands the first elements not only as the beginning of any thinking process, but also as the first principle of critical thinking, whereas the ‘first principles’ of ... ... sets itself as the goal and objective, which emphasises the self-expanding nature of thinking, the original self-generation. Initially, thinking is one of the meanings of the term ‘pure’, which suggests that thinking in itself — rather than external ...

... supplement to the article. These letters show not only the process of the translation of “Social Pedagogy” into Russian, but also disclose the peculiarities of the organization of translations of the contemporary scientific literature in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. They were the personal initiative, enthusiasm, the responsibility before the future reader, the scope and intensity of the translators’ and publishers’ activity and the constant lack of adequate financing of this activity 1. A. L. 1913, Natsional’naya shkola v gosudarstvennoi ...

... supplement to the article. These letters show not only the process of the translation of “Social Pedagogy” into Russian, but also disclose the peculiarities of the organization of translations of the contemporary scientific literature in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. They were the personal initiative, enthusiasm, the responsibility before the future reader, the scope and intensity of the translators’ and publishers’ activity and the constant lack of adequate financing of this activity. 1. Bart, P. 1913, Elementy vospitanija i obuchenija ...

... the understanding. J. Jungius considers the question about the limits of our cognition reflective and forbids posing it in the beginning of research.J. Jungius formulated the basis of German methodological tradition through reorienting theory of science ... ... contains the following principles adopted by Kant: sensible experience and reason are necessary components of cognition, the initial object of cognition is the phenomena of sensible experience, sensible intuitions are a necessary but insufficient basis ...

... A. Sultan-Krym-Girei in the development of the Sokols’ sports and gymnastics movement in Russia at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries have been studied. It was established that N. A. Sultan-Krym-Girei’s development as a specialist ... ... education, strengthening the health, and physical fitness of students in Crimean educational institutions. He was one of the first initiators of introducing hygiene education in Russian schools. During his Caucasian period, N. A. Sultan-Krym-Girei was directly ...

The article analyses statistical data about bиrglaries are investigated and generalised. The initial stage of investigation and the typical errors supposed by inspectors at investigation of crimes of the given kind is analyzed. The expediency of use of a method of modelling as the synthesising beginning capable considerably to raise efficiency of disclosing and investigation of bиrglaries is proved. It is underlined necessity of use of the situational approach and crime studying for three phases: precriminal, criminal and postcriminal. 1....