Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... changing approaches to Latvia’s towns, most of them well in line with the town planning programmes devised by the UN and the EU.<1> At first, a geospatial approach was employed, focused on local geographical objects performing various roles at different times. Historically, Latvia developed as an industrial-agrarian society living a less urbanised lifestyle. This encouraged the development of a dense network of self-sufficient towns, whose unique landscapes and architecture make them attractive ...
One method for constructing exact solutions of equations of two-dimensional hydrodynamics of an incompressible fluid
We propose a simple algebraic method for constructing exact solutions of equations of two-dimensional hydrodynamics of an incompressible fluids.The problem reduces to consecutively solution three linear partial differential equations for a nonviscous fluid and to solving three linear partial differential equations and one first-order ordinary differential equation for a viscous fluid.
1. Kato T. Global solutions of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes and Euler equations // Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 1986...
Some Remarks about the Difference between Überzeugung and Überredung
According to several passages in the available sources, Kant developed some ideas about the difference between being persuaded and being convinced which have antecedents in the German tradition, but with regard to which he developed ideas of his own. It is my intention to examine precisely some of these passages. I will explain how the philosopher ...
On the territorial differences in chain organisation of retail in the Russian Federation
The relatively rapid – however slower than forecasted — development o retail chains is characteristic of Russia in general, nevertheless it exhibits significant territorial differences. An attempt to identify the factors behind these differences through calculating the correlation coefficient made it possible to detect only one factor, whose value is close to essential: the geographical remoteness from Moscow. However, many ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... develop interoperability.<1>
In Finland, back in 2016, a report by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was released assessing the country’s possible accession to NATO, which examined all the pros and cons of such accession, and prospective options for different scenarios (including either simultaneous or separate accession to the Alliance with Sweden). The authors of the report, including prominent experts and diplomats from Finland and other European countries such as Mats Bergqvist, René Nyberg,...
Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
... indicator dynamics. Given that the St. Petersburg agglomeration includes a part of the Leningrad Region, it should be regarded as a separate sector.<1> As demonstrated previously, the development of northern regions in European Russia is substantially different from the rest of the country [29]. This means that in addition to St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region separate consideration should be given to the three slower developing northern regions (the Republic of Karelia, the Komi Republic, and ...
Different approaches to studying the tourist flows geography (the case of the Benelux countries)
... The study is based on the national tourism statistics of the Benelux countries. Five leading countries in terms of the volume of inbound tourist flow in this region are considered: France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Belgium. Four different indicators were used to analyze the distribution of inbound tourist flow: the total number of arrivals of foreign and domestic tourists in the region, inbound tourist flow diversity index, the share of arrivals from a particular country in the ...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... citizens. In 2001, the German War Graves Commission initiated the reconstruction of the former communal cemetery in Kaliningrad. Opened in 2003, it was granted memorial status. It became the last resting place for the civilians, German soldiers and POWs of different nations who died during the Battle of Königsberg and the August 1944 bombing of the city. The memorial is also a tribute to the Red Army soldiers who fell in East Prussia.
In 2014, a cross in memory of the late residents of Tilsit was erected ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... include low investment attractiveness of the food industry, staff shortage, etc. [10].
Berendeeva and Ratnikova have conducted a comparative study of the effects of changes in price and supply (substitution effects) [11]. They found that the trends differed in rural and urban areas. For example, in cities, the market for fruit and vegetables has undergone much more significant changes than in rural areas, where residents have their own gardens [11]. According to the researchers, the transformations ...
Cytokine-induced regulation of maturation, differentiation, and apoptotic death of immune memory T-lymphocytes
To maintain the normal state of the immune system, the processes of cell proliferation must be strictly regulated and balanced by the processes of apoptotic death to prevent the development of autoimmune and neoplastic reactions. T-lymphocytes of immune memory are under strict control from the immune system.
The role of γc-cytokines (IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15) in the regulation of maturation, differentiation, and apoptotic death of memory T-lymphocytes under in vitro cultivation conditions was evaluated...
The effect of geographical position and employment fluctuations on rural settlement trends
Structural changes in the economy and spatial and inter-settlement differences in living standards and quality of life lead to fundamental alterations in the national settlement system. Settlement polarisation is gathering momentum, along with the movement of rural population from Russia’s east and north to its southern ...
Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.
The article reflects the results of a study of large Russian cities (with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as smaller cities with the status of regional capitals), emphasizing two strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Having applied economic-statistical analysis for 6 indicators (average salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning...
Some features of love and amorousness concepts in religious youth
... research is represented by the structural approach in the theory of social representations. The study used the methodology of free associations, essays and interview. The analysis of love and amorousness representations structure has led to identifying differences in the notions of love and amorousness among nonbelieving and believing respondents — members of the Protestant community. In the basis of the differences in the concept of love, respondents have followed the categories of "sacrifice",...
The influence of the sea on the economic development and settlement structure in the Baltic Sea region
... sea. Thus, an inland position can be more beneficial than a coastal one. Both trends are observed in the Baltic Sea macroregion. However, the ‘gravitational force’ of the sea varies from place to place. This article focuses on the most significant differences between territories and countries. These differences reflect the uneven influence of the proximity of the Baltic Sea on the development of population and national economies. Qualitative differences between mesoregions are measured using a ...
Aspects of the ‘transcendental’ according to Kant and Husserl: Logos, matheme, metaphor
... transcendental philosophy as ontology and presents a critique of the interpretation given by David Carr, who attached a merely methodological significance to the concept of the ‘transcendental’. Within this interpretation, this paper considers the problem of differences between the ontological aspects of Immanuel Kant’s critical philosophy and Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology, since most interpreters consider these two thinkers the most prominent exponents of transcendental philosophy. The differences in ...
Characteristics of traumatic fragmentation of the body and personal identifi-cation in cases of mass casualties as a result of manmade emergencies
Practical material is used to analyze the frequency of applying different personal identification methods in the cases of traumatic body fragmentation in different manmade emergencies. The authors estimate the identification efficiency of dental characteristics depending on the damaging factor in different manmade ...
An mathematical simulation of ionosphere with due regard for its three-dimensional irregularity
Difference methods an approximate solution of a three-dimensional equation of ions diffusion with mixed derivatives and divergence first derivatives are considered. The task is reduced to a chain of three two-dimensional parabolic equations on base of ...
The Imperishable Kant: Deleuze on the Consistency of the Faculties of Reason
... presence in Deleuze’s study, I conclude that Kant’s philosophy has shaped some key aspects of the French philosopher’s thinking — in particular, the concept of “transcendental empiricism” — and also has influenced Deleuze’s ideas about difference, becoming, ground and immanence.
Agamben, G., 1999. Absolute Immanence. In: D. Heller-Roazen, ed. 1999. Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 220-242.
Barad, K., 2018. Agent Realism. ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... decision-makers. With very few exceptions, there is almost no research done on societal security in the Baltic Sea region (BSR) [2], [3], [4].
This study aims to examine how the societal security concept is perceived by both governmental actors and different Russian schools of international relations (IR). The paper also discusses whether this concept has become a part of the Russian discourse on the BSR. Moreover, Russia’s role in shaping the Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) societal security ...
Generational differences of the residents of the Kaliningrad region in the perception of regional history and historical and cultural heritage
... especially strong on young people. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the perception of the regional history and historical and cultural heritage by the population of the Kaliningrad region. Based on the theory of generations, significant differences in the specifics of the historical memory of generational groups were revealed. Differences were found in the degree of their interest in the periods of the history of the region. The younger generations are mainly interested in the German ...
Conceptualizing emotions through discourse: a pragmatic view on the reader's interest
... elaboration and their effects on the 1st year EFL high school students’ written text comprehension and interest. PhD thesis. Buffalo.
Clinton, V. and van der Broek, P., 2012. Interest, inferences, and learning from texts. Learning and Individual Differences, 22, pp. 650—663,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j
. lindif.2012.07.004.
Clinton-Lisell, V., 2022. Reading medium and interest: Effects and interactions. Educational Psychology, 42 (2), pp. 142—162,
https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2021
....
France’s strategy in the Baltic region: military and political aspects
... rivalry, the scrapping of the former world order architecture, and the expansion of quantitative and qualitative diversity of crises, are only intensifying.<8> The Update points out that Russia continues to pursue its own strategic ambitions in different regions, to which Paris hoped to formulate a balanced response combining “firmness and dialogue”. A significant part of this response should be defence and industrial cooperation with EU partners, and not only with Germany due to its traditional ...
Changes in the structure and geography of tourist flows during the COVID-19 pandemic
... also determine whether there was an increase in the domestic tourist flow, whether the inbound tourist flow begin to recover, and if so, in which parts of the Baltic Sea region.
Results and discussion
The first step towards identifying territorial differences in the recovery of tourist flows in the Baltic region was comparing the amount of inbound tourism in 2021 and 2020 (Fig. 1). These two years were selected as they provide a more accurate picture of inbound tourism recover than a comparison ...
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... the territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States. Developed by John Friedmann in the framework of the regional approach, the model has been extended to tourism. It may facilitate assessing tourism space polarisation at different hierarchical levels. The three-tiered spatial structure of tourism has been considered in terms of tourism by Anna Aleksandrova, Viliyan Krastev, Ivan Pirozhnik and others [29], [30], [31].
Recently, the academic interest in tourism and recreation ...
Immigration policy and integration of migrants in the Kingdom of Denmark at the beginning of the XXI century
Denmark upholds high standards of human rights as long as the interests of its citizens are concerned but erects barriers for migrants of a different cultural background who might threaten the security of the national community. The Danish tradition of liberalism, humanism and the welfare state coexists with one of Europe’s most restrictive policies towards third-country immigrants. The ...
On the functional definition of concepts and linguistic meanings: the embodied/grounded approach
... concepts/simulators (abstract lexical meanings). The proposed functional approach is based on the dichotomy 'perceptual (external) vs. functional (internal)' that goes back to Ivan Sechenov. These cognitive units are shown to play fundamentally different roles. The function — the embodied human response to the perceived object and the typical interaction with it — strictly defines the concept and the category set by it. The percept — the appearance of the object — allows one to quickly ...
Digital Technology: Reflections on the Difference between Instrumental Rationality and Practical Reason
... introduced by Julian Nida-Rümelin and Nathalie Weidenfeld, who argue that algorithms (possibly) are useful “tools”, but emphasise — thus rejecting excessive “post-humanist” (Utopian or dystopian) ideas about AI — that there exists a crucial difference between human action and its (partial) AI-simulation. While Nida-Rümelin/Weidenfeld´s “digital humanism” is, on the one hand, inspired by Kant’s conception of human autonomous self-determination, the concept of “structural rationality” ...
Clinical cases, pathogenesis and diagnosis of catatonia in affective disorders (depression and mania) in adolescents
Catatonia is an important syndrome found in both psychiatry and general medicine. However, identification and treatment of this phenomenon is difficult without modern diagnostic scales for catatonia.
Purpose — to describe the cases of inhibited and excitable catatonia in adolescents with affective disorders.
Methods — clinical observation in accordance with the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for affective disorders in depression and mania, the use of Beck depression scale, Beck anxiety...
Comparison of heart rate parameters in students with different achievements in rest and conditions of short-term mental stress
Frequency and variability of heart rate served as instruments to assess the stress resistance of two groups of students with different average academic performance in different periods of the educational process: at the beginning and at the end of the autumn semester. Mental stress always statistically significantly increased the heart rate in both groups of students, but ...
The terms «clinical recommendations», «clinical guidelines», «diagnostic and treatment protocol»: a comparative analysis of definitions
... terms are divided into semantic groups in accordance with the semantics of dependent words. The studied regulatory documents are characterized by a common goal, functions, are similar in terms of composition and text structure, though they belong to different types of documentation. An analysis of the definitions showed that the “clinical recommendations”, “clinical guidelines” and “diagnostic and treatment protocol” have a different set of relevant (constitutive, basic) features ...
European and Eurasian integration: similarities and differences
The article studies the development of integration processes in Europe and Eurasia. The purpose of scientific research is to identify the similarities and differences between European and Eurasian integration. The theoretical relevance of the research lies in the comparison of the integration processes regarding the analysis of demographic and socio-economic development indicators of the EU and EAEU ...
Reframing paroemias of the coronavirus discourse
... discourse analysis in corpus linguistics. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya [Bulletin of the Tomsk State University. Philology], No 50, p. 135—148 (in Russ.).
Dobrovol'skiy, D. O., 2016. nformational structure of texts of different genres and eras. Logicheskiy analiz yazyka. Informatsionnaya struktura tekstov raznykh zhanrov i epoch [Logical analysis of the language. Information structure of texts of different genres and epochs], Moscow, pp. 126—136 (in Russ.).
Issers,...
Socio-spatial differentiation in transition: a preliminary comparative analysis of post-soviet St Petersburg and Riga
Research into the socio-spatial dynamics in Central-Eastern European cities is an im-portant area of contemporary transition studies. Open issues in this domain range from defining a theoretical framework to data availability and methodological approaches. As to the former aspect, recent literature focuses on the hybrid nature of the post-socialist urban space, which underwent transformation in the conditions of globalization and eco-nomic liberalization; the earlier model of spatial development...
Social and cultural determinants in the perception of environmental risks: Douglas grid group analysis
... risks are not a priority problem for the region. Rural residents are more concerned about environmental risks. There are similarities in the assessments of environmental conditions by urban and rural residents. However, the author identified some differences particularly regarding the development of the salt deposit. These differences can be explained by different cultural types: a negative attitude prevails among individualists and egalitarians, a contrasting position prevails among hierarchs....
Mapping Poetic Bilingualism in Europe: Language Contacts and Cultural Transfers
... in multilingual sociocultural environments or they are moving from one country to another throughout their literary career. Existing in two or more cultural and/or linguistic spaces at the same time and thus making transfers across the boundaries of different languages easier, more efficient, and more conscious, multilingual poets serve as exemplary agents of cultural transfer. This study analyses different cases of poetic multilingualism where poets who can speak and write freely in two or more ...
Energy and the Ways of its Conceptualisation in Cognition: an Attempt at an Epistemological Analysis
Thе article examines the connection between conceptualisation and transfer of knowledge in the humanities and analyses the role of these processes in the formation of conceptual and terminological framework for different types of discourse. The study draws on an analytical description of the development of the concept of energy in the Christian Orthodox discourse. The description was provided from the perspective of transferology — a new metadiscipline aimed ...
A finite differences approximation of the boundary value problem of a heat convection in the ladle with steel
... convective heat transfer in a ladle while blowing steel argon proposed finite-difference approximation of the original mathematical model of convective heat transfer in a continuous divergence form. Used stable and economical implicit monotone conservative difference scheme.
1. Берковский Б. М., Ноготов Е. Ф. Разностные методы исследования задач теплообмена. Минск, 1976.
2. Самарский А. А. Теория разностных ...
Сonservative therapy of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma: immunohystochemical aspects
The authors evaluated the effectiveness of a complex conservative therapy in childless women of reproductive age having atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma. The study examines the effectiveness of combining the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH) and the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. All patients had immunohistochemical staining for ER, PR, ki-67, bcl-2, p 53, E-cadherin before and after treatment. From 2008 to 2015, none of the...
Giving the 1st order affine connection by means of the 2nd order vector-valued forms
Affine connection is given by 2nd order vectors called horizontal. Vertical and horizontal forms of 2nd order are entered for 1st order affine connection. It is proved that symmetric affine connection in the bundle of tangent linear frames defines vertical linear operator (a vertical vertical-valued form of 2nd order for 1st order affine connection) from 2nd order tangent space into 1st order tangent space to a manifold. It is shown that affine connection in bundle of tangent lin-ear frames defines...
Normalization of basic structural subbundle of distribution in second order differential neighborhood
Norden inner normalization fields of basic structural subbundle of hyperband distribution are constructed in second order differential neighborhood of affine space. It is showed that first order normal (L-virual affine normal, Blashke normal, Trenson normal) corresponding to each of subbundle belongs to the same sheaf in any center A. Sheafs of second order normal of Λ-, L-, H-subbundle correspond to them in the Bompiani–Pantazi bijection. Analytical coincidence features of H -distribution and...
A Lax pair for the (1+3) nonlinear equation
Integral systems with four independent variables have special signifi-cance in mathematics and physics. The discovery of inverse scattering method played an important role in reconsidering the place of integrable systems of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical sciences. The search for a systematic approach to developing exact solutions of such systems has become one of the main problems in the theory of integrable systems.
1. Fokas A. S. Symmetries and integrability // Stud....