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... prominent figure in the nineteenth-century American philosophy. His contribution to philosophy and logic is enormous. The significance of some of his ideas was not realized until today. As a philosopher, Peirce was shaped by Kant, whose Critique of Pure Reason he knew almost by heart. Peirce was fascinated by the German thinker, who literally opened for him the philosophy of modern era and introduced him to the problem of cognition and increment of knowledge. Peirce was never a Kantian but the oeuvre ...

... is unproductive to speculate whether the Marburg philosopher was a proponent of Kant, Hegel, or Fichte. It seems appropriate to call Hermann Cohen a “Cohenian” and consider his ideas relating to the interaction between theoretical and practical reason and the construction of a rigid and elaborate system con-sisting of verified elements from the perspective of his own system of philosophy, which is complete in its key aspects. This article demonstrates the efforts of the Marburg philosopher to ...

... However, Kant’s system is a cohesive whole and no part of it can be used without considering this fact. 1. Vinogradov V. V. 1972, Russkij yazyk [Russian language]. M. : «Vysshaya shkola». 2. Kant, I. 1964, Kritika chistogo razuma [Critique of Pure Reason] in: Kant, I. Sochinenija v shesti tomah [The works in six volumes], vol. 3, Moscow. 3. Kant, I. 1965, Kritika prakticheskogo razuma [Critique of Practical Reason] in: Kant, I. Sochinenija v shesti tomah [The works in six volumes], vol. 4/1, Moscow....

... the argument between the advocates of the Leibniz-Wolff geometric philosophy and their opponents — enlighteners-eclecticists and pietists, Tetens manages to take a neutral position conducting a synthesis of the British observingphilosophy, French ‘reasoning philosophy’, and the Leibniz-Wolff ‘geometric philosophy’. Tetens attempts to show the limitedness of common understanding and the supremacyof scientific reason. In this relation, he is an advocate of the Leibniz and Wolff’s philosophy ...

... negative maxim of independent thinking with a positive maxim of thinking oneself in the position of others and the maxim of consistent and coherent thinking. Moreover, the re¬quirement of independent thinking is limited by the idea of universal human reason, although Kant is not always consistent in distinguishing between reason and understanding in this context. Unstinting support for the French revolution, despite acknowledging the illegitimate nature of social and political revolutions per se, ...

... Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant. Theoretical Philosophy, 1755—1770 / Tr. and ed. by D. Walford, R. Meerbote. Cambridge, 1992. 17. Kant I. A New Elucidation of the First Principles of Metaphysical Cognition // Ibid. 18. Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason // The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant / Tr. and ed. by P. Guyer, A. W. Wood. Cambridge, 1998. 19. Kant I. Essays on the Maladies of the Head // The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in Translation. Anthropology, ...

... 6. Чалый В. А. Питер Стросон об аналитическом, синтетическом и априорном // Рацио.ru: электронный научный журнал. 2010. Вып. 3. 7. Cohen J. L. The dialogue of reason: an analysis of analytical philosophy. Oxford, 1986. 8. Glock H.-J. What is analytic philosophy? Cambridge, 2008. 9. Dummett M. Origins of analytic philosophy. L., 1993. 10. Føllesdal D. Analytic philosophy: what is it and why should one engage ...

This article focuses on the logical inconsistency of Kant's classification of judgements presented in the "Critique of pure reason". The author shows how Kant's division of judgements violates elementary logical rules. The article analyses an earlier attempt by G. Ryle to detect logical errors in the table of judgements. It is shown that the correct divisions were not ...

... императив и политико-юридическое мышление эпохи ранних буржуазных революций // Этика Канта и современность: сборник. Рига, 1989. 13. Kant I. Critique of practical reason, and other writings in moral philosophy. Garland Pub., 1976. 14. Kant I. Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals. Cambridge University Press,1998. 15. Kant I. The Metaphysics of Morals. Cambridge University Press, 1996. 16. Kant I. Perpetual ...

... universals in language usage. Cam­bridge, 1987. P. 56—311. 15. Leech G. N. Principles of Pragmatics. L., 1983. 16. Niсoloff F. Threats and Illocutions // Journal of Pragmatics. 1989. Vol. 13, iss. 4. P. 501—522. 17. Ohm E., Thompson V. Everyday reasoning with inducements and ad­vice // Thinking and Reasoning. 2004. Vol. 10, № 3. Р. 241—272. 18. Probst N., Shkapenko T., Tkachenko A., Chernyakov A. Speech act of threat in everyday conflict discourse: production and perception // Lege Artis....

Having analyzed the unpublished archival materials (minutes of general collective farm meetings, meetings of the collective farm board, meetings of members of the Communist Party), the article examines the reasons for the lack of motivation and low productivity of peasant labor in the collective farms. The study of rural everyday life is carried out within the framework of a micro-historical approach on the example of the collective farm "Bolshevik" ...

... interpretations of freedom and idea of value pluralism. It is concluded that pluralism of values and liberals’ negative freedom results in the problem of relativism and ‘Hobbes/Berlin dilemma’ — the dilemma between individual and collective reasons. The concepts of freedom of L. Wittgenstein’s (Hurly, Pettit) and J. Habermas are considered through the prism of these concepts. 1. Вахрушева Е. А. Что от нас ждут в зарубежных журналах? // Известия ...

The article presents basic reasons of world economic crisis and their negative influence on economic development of Russia including Kaliningrad region. One could find substantiation of forming new financialeconomic model as long-term development program for Russia. 1. Макиавелли ...

... statement through comparing Russian and Estonian discourses on the relationship between the events which took place in Tallinn in September 1944 and April 2007. Highlighting the differences between the two discourses may help Russian scholars understand the reasons behind the political decisions made by the Estonian authorities in April 2007. It accounts for the practical significance of the research conducted, since one of the most important objectives of international relations as a discipline is not to ...

... Hackett, pp. 292-310. Heis, J., 2018. The Logicians of Kant’s School. In: S. Lapointe, ed. 2018. Logic from Kant to Russell: Laying the Foundations for Analytic Philosophy. New York & London: Routledge, pp. 28-55. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kemper, A., 1988. Gesunder Menschenverstand und transzendentaler Synthetismus: W.T. Krug, Philosoph zwischen Aufklärung und Idealismus. Münster: Lit. Köhnke,...

.... 123-128. (In Rus.) Kant, I., 1996. An Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment? ln: I. Kant, 1996. Practical philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15-22. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. M. v. K., 1929. Notizen. Der Zwist in der Eurasierbewegung. Osteuropa, 4(9), pp. 634-635. Mikhalchenko, S. I. and Tkachenko, E. V., 2017. The Russian Scientific Institute ...

.... 123-128. (In Rus.) Kant, I., 1996. An Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment? ln: I. Kant, 1996. Practical philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15-22. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. M. v. K., 1929. Notizen. Der Zwist in der Eurasierbewegung. Osteuropa, 4(9), pp. 634-635. Mikhalchenko, S. I. and Tkachenko, E. V., 2017. The Russian Scientific Institute ...

... abolished—in some cases, they were incorporated into local judicial chambers (as a rule, criminal chambers). Formally, the small number of cases considered by courts of conscience after the promulgation of the law of 13 November 1850 became the main reason for the aboli­tion of these judicial institutions in 18 provinces of the Russian Empire in 1852. The second wave of mass abolition of courts of conscience dates to 1857, when another 22 courts of con­science were closed. An analysis of the mechanism ...

... Kośutski in forming the first mass women’s organization in the Polish territories. The collaborative efforts of women and men in the League of Men for the Defense of Women’s Rights and the Union for Equal Rights of Polish Women are characterized. The reasons for the split in the Union for Equal Rights of Polish Women, Stanisław Kośutski’s role in the internal conflict of the Un­ion, and his relations with key activists of the Polish women’s movement are analyzed. The political evolution of ...

... overthrow the legitimate government of the Weimar Republic. Unlike most other German territories, the putschists in East Prussia were supported by many representatives of the regional political elite and bureaucracy. The article attempts to explain the reasons for this anomaly and to identify the consequences of the support for the putsch by part of the local political actors on the further development of the province. The article concludes that the putsch had a significant impact on East Prussia, serving ...

... propaganda and historical falsification, the game. URL: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2021/03/10/call-m10.html (дата обращения: 06.06.2023). 39. Tierney P. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare attributes American War Crime To Russia For Some Reason. URL: https://www.thegamer.com/call-of-duty-modern-warfare-american-war-crime-russia-blame/ (дата обращения: 06.06.2023). 40. Cox J. U. S. Army planned to pay streamers millions to reach gen-z through call of duty. URL: https://www....

... the epigraph — a poem by one of the most renowned Polish poets of the 20th century, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, dedicated to the great Königsberg native. This poetic paraphrase of Kant’s famous maxim from the conclusion of the Critique of Practical Reason associates the contemplation of the starry sky and the awareness of the moral law with the pessimistic and catastrophic tone of fear and dread. Iwaszkiewicz’s modification of Kant’s worldview is indirectly connected to the reception of the ...

... efficiency of the fermentation stage of Candida ethanolica yeast. Additionally, characteristic features of the stimulants’ effects, such as abrupt changes, the presence of multiple peaks of maxima and minima, and negative impacts, were identified. The reasons for the diverse effects of protatrans on biosynthesis processes in yeast cells require further research. protatranes; Candida ethanolica; cells; biomass; single cell protein; productivity 118-130 10.5922/vestniknat-2024-2-8

... country. Central Asian countries, China, and India occupy leading positions. Using the example of the Kaliningrad region, a comparative analysis of the transformation of volumes and directions of international educational migration is conducted, and the reasons for these changes are examined. The region is characterized by the expansion and diversification of flows, as well as a decrease in foreign students from geographically close countries and a reorientation to all-Russian trends. international ...