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... Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. Калининград, 2012. Вып. 11. С. 146—149. 2. Smith K. R., Mineaua G. P., Garibottib G. et al. Effects of childhood and middleadulthood family conditions on later-life mortality: evidence from the Utah population database, 1850—2002 // Social Science & Medicine. 2009. № 68. P. 1649—1658.

... reforms in the PhD education management system, which have been carried out over the last decade in European countries. 1. Boer H. de, Leisyte L., Enders J . The Netherlands — steering from a distance // Reforming university governance. Changing conditions for research in four Euro­pean countries / B. Kehm, U. Lanzendorf (eds.). Bonn, 2006. P. 29—96. 2. DFG . Die zukuenftige Foerderung des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses durch die DFG. Empfehlungen der Praesidialarbeitsgruppe Nachwuchsfoerderung....

... geo-economic instability. The study models the phase conjugation of information and innovation subcycle with the produc­tion and investment one, organizational one and human capital dynamics. Based on logical imitation modeling, the research identifies the conditions of their highest coherence and self-regulation as the mechanisms to strengthen the cyclical dynamics of regional reproduction and achieve the stronger re­sistance to external fluctuations. Within the model construction the research also proposes ...

... aimed at harmonizing national rules for the integration of immigrants. However, in the aftermath of the migrant crisis in Europe, this problem has been receiving increased attention. I systematize legal instruments for immigrant integration, analyse the conditions of the system formation, emphasize trends in the policy development, and examine the formation of relevant legislation at a national level in the case of Germany. Using the method of legal analysis, I suggest the following system of legal regulation ...

This article focuses on the eradication of Latvian khutors in Bashkiria as a result of the state plan for total collectivization. The author arrives at a conclusion that it resulted in the elimination of conditions for ethnicity development. 1. Архивный отдел администрации Иглинского района Республики Башкортостан. Похозяйственная книга колхоза Баложи за ...

This article considers the problems of studying the strategic potential of organisations in the modern conditions. The authors analyse the methods of allowing for the uncertainty factor within the programming solution development procedures. 1. Друкер П. Ф. Задачи менеджмента в XXI веке / пер. с англ. М., 2004. ...

This article discusses certain conditions of an employment contract with a remote employee. The author’s perspective on the age of a remote employee is presented. The article addresses the issue of introducing obligatory conditions of an employment contract – the employee’s function,...

... Despite permanent bread budget deficit, Veliky Novgorod managed to maintain political and economic independence and avoid purchasing significant amounts of grain. The reconstruction of a budget of a peasant agricultural farm shows that, in the then conditions, it could not rest solely on own-grown corn and livestock products in the Novgorod land. For centuries, peasant diet included products compensating for the shortage of bread. Such adaptability to environmental conditions helped optimise the ...

This article analyses the problems of the influence of family, mass media, and school on the process of individual legal socialisation. Special attention is paid to their controversial and disruptive influence on legal awareness in the conditions of the disagreement and low efficiency of social norms. 1.  Арутюнян М., Здравомыслова О., Курильски-Ожвэн Ш . Образ и опыт права: правовая социализация в изменяющейся ...

... considers the institutional aspects of discrete investment choice at the regional level through the example of the SEZ in the Kaliningrad region. The authors analysed the changes of the institution of SEZ throughout the latter's existence as well as the conditions of the economic agent activity within the SEZ. With the help of the Devereaux, Griffith model (1999, 2003), which describes the interconnections between the corporate taxation and discrete investment choice, the authors empirically assessed ...

The practice of managing large urban agglomerations in the status of metropolitan areas is underrepresented in modern Russian conditions. Spatial planning documents concerning agglomerations usually do not reflect the realities and relations within these formations, which have de facto existed for a long time. Moreover, the experience in managing such forms of settlement is ...

Submarine groundwater discharge is widespread in the Southern Baltic and creates specific conditions for the formation of benthic ecosystems. Groundwater has hydrochemical characteristics that are different from sea water, which is reflected in the chemical composition of bottom sediments and waters. In addition, underground runoff from the ...

The study is focused on features of hydrometeorological conditions in the southeastern Baltic Sea and their trends assessment for 2005—2019 (climatic half period). The authors used the data from field observations of atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, and air temperature from the automatic hydrometeorological ...

The sharp reduction of green zones in Kaliningrad, caused by the rapid modern construction and the increase in the motor vehicles, leads to adverse environmental conditions. Reconstruction and conservation of parks is a priority task for creating an ecological framework of urban areas. The M. Ashman’s landscape park is located in densely populated new districts of Selma and Severnaya Gora and is actively used ...

... reducing the overheat­ing of urban surfaces. We analyse a high-rise residential area in the left-bank part of the city of Voronezh to perform a simulation of microclimatic condi­tions in summer. The following parameters were used as background climatic conditions: the day of the summer solstice, cloudless and calm weather, air temperature 25° C. We assessed the level of thermal comfort in the current landscaping situation in the residential area, taking into account proposed cli­mate improvement initiatives,...

... gym-nosperm species in a model urban ecosystem with a high level of anthropo-genic pollution (Russia’s Non-Black Earth zone). The author examines data on the biogeochemical activity of Thuja occidentalis, Juníperus sabína, and Picea pungens in the conditions of polymetallic contamination of air and soils in the area affected by iron and steel plants. It is shown that most Gym-nospermae species accumulate such macroelements as K, Ca, and Cl. Thuja occidentalis accumulates V, Cr, Fe, Ni, and As in ...

The article focuses on the scientific and practical conditions for the development of the Emerald network of areas of special conservation interest in Russia. The authors examine the role of biological reserves in conserving rare and endemic animal and plant species, including those of European significance....

Тhe paper is devoted to the modeling of R&D behavior patterns of industrial enterprises in the conditions of perceived risks. Unambiguously negative influence is caused by institutional risks only, while the influence of other risk factors is more complex in character. 1. Cohen M., Jaffray J.-Y., Said T. Experimental Comparison of Individual Behavior ...

... The taxonomic composition of the birds’ diet is largely determined by the structure of the insect fauna of foraging microstations, thus, the identified plasticity of both species’ nutrition makes it possible for the birds to adjust to the local conditions, which, in its turn, optimises foraging and contributes to a decrease in competitive pressure in each community. The main dietary differences between these species lie in the foraging tactics: ambushing in the red-backed shrike and searching ...

A study into the condition of Talitrus saltator Montagu, 1808 groups on the coast of the Vistula and the Curonian Spits in April — October 2011 showed significant differences in the seasonal dynamics of key parameters characterizing these groups. On the Curonian Spit,...

The drought conditions in the 1995—2012 vegetation period in Ukraine are estimated using the fields of Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (SHC). The analog method helps identify the most probable seasonal and monthly SHC fields. The lowest SHC values are observed ...

This article provides evidence of the critical condition of the Baltic Talitridae occurring in the sand beach areas and affected by heavy motor traffic. Their individual mass has declined significantly and the average and total number increased dramatically. 1. Булычева А. И. Морские ...

This article examines the history of formation of fieldfare population in Kaliningrad and describes its current condition. The fieldfare population density during the 2010—2013 nesting period was 0—1.5 breeding pairs/10 hecares in urban forests, 1.1—3.7 b. p./10 ha in city parks, and; 0—1 b. p./10 ha in city streets. The dynamics of nesting density in peripheral ...

This article focuses on a pool of water-soluble antioxidants in certain plants of the true grasses (Gramíneae) and legume (Fabaceae) families in the Kaliningrad region in connection with the environmental conditions of their habitat, namely, the varying distance to the Sea coast. It is shown that the level of water-soluble antioxidants was higher in the vegetative parts in the true grasses and the generative parts in the legumes with the exception of the ...

... of spawning migration in the rivers in 2011, the dynamics of catches per unit effort, and species composition of commercial catches. The calculation of optimal fishing effort in case of the transition of fishing into the rivers as a result of the ice conditions is presented in the article. 1. Манюкас И. Ихтиофауна, состояние запасов и промысел рыб в заливе Кюршю марес // Куршю марес. Вильнюс, 1959. С. 293—403. ...

The article considers key conditions for implementation of urbanrural partnership in Russian regions as a means of a new approach to regional development problems solving. 1.  Либоракина М.   И. Проблемы и перспективы местного самоуправления: ...

... article attempts to 'bring together' different approaches to the nature of the El Niño — La Niña phenomenon on the basis of a multicomponent qualitative model. The capability of model is demonstrated by means of meteorological and oceanological conditions forecast in the South Eastern Pacific Ocean. The author emphasises the general impact of these conditions on the biological and fishery productivity in the area where the El Niño — La Niña phenomenon represents the most important element ...

This article offers the results of research on zoobenthos species composition in the Kaliningrad region. The authors estimate the ecological condition of lakes with the help of individual saprobity indices of bottom organisms. 1. Унифицированные методы исследования качества вод // Методы биологи­ческого анализа вод....

This article analyses the level of antioxidants (water-soluble antioxidants, carotenoids, and anthocyanins) in plants under the conditions of environmental cadmium pollution. The authors emphasise excessive background concentration of cadmium in plant samples collected in Kaliningrad and note a positive correlation between cadmium concentration and traffic intensity. A negative ...

This article describes the condition of air in the Bogdino-Baskunchak industrial hub. The authors analyze the atmospheric pollutant emissions by the local enterprises. 1. Богдинско-Баскунчакский заповедник и его роль в сохранении ...