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This article analyses the natural population increase (decrease) in the postcommunist part of Baltic Europe (the federated state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, West Pomeranian, Pomeranian, and Warmian-Masurian Voivodeships, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, the Kaliningrad and Leningrad region, and the federal city of Saint Petersburg) in 2002—2011. The study uses standard methods of demographic analysis, the data provided by national statistical services and Eurostat. All regions analysed are characterised...

This article focuses on a commodity flow model for an exclave region (CFMER). The CFMER development is aimed at identifying aggregate proportions of the exclave’s economy in the transitional period of the special economic zone (SEZ) functioning. The key method of analysis is the comparison of data on the generation of gross regional product and regional foreign economic activities (including export and import of goods and moving goods from/into the Kaliningrad region to other Russian regions). It...

With its exclave status, the Kaliningrad region has been drawing attention of many researchers in different fields. Yet the prospects for cooperation between the region and neighbouring communities in Poland and Lithuania, which once constituted an integrated social, economic and political space, remain unclear. Media analysts and scholars alike tend to view the Kaliningrad region as “double periphery”, since it is excluded from major modernisation processes both in the European integration zone...

This article considers the main historical stages of formation of spatial economic structure of the European countries, parts of whose territories lie within the Rhine basin. The analysis covers a protracted chronological interval from the Roman colonization until the beginning of the 20th century. The author emphasizes the role of the River Rhine in the course of territorial structure formation. This study aims to retrace the historical sequence of the formation of territorial structure of economies...

The article examines the notions of ‘territorial political system’ and ‘regional geopolitical system' as well as a correlation between them from the viewpoint of the socalled activity-based geospatial approach. A regional geopolitical system includes geopolitical relations between the states within the region and those with powerful external actors. A geopolitical region itself can be characterized by integration, autonomization or a permanent geopolitical conflict. A territorial political system...

The paper demonstrates the first attempt in Russian political studies to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the “twin city” movement as a form of cross-border cooperation in the Baltic region. This phenomenon emerged as a result of a global tendency towards more active involvement of municipal units in international cooperation, on the one hand, and aspirations of frontier cities and towns in the Baltic region to solve common problems together, on the other hand. This work is based on a comparative...

The article presents a geographic analysis of applying for grants and allocation of funds in the framework of the “European Economic Area” and “Norway” programmes in the territory of Lithuania in 2004-2009. Priority sectors of cooperation are identified. 1. Central Agency of Project Management, 2008. URL: www. cpva. lt 2. EEA Financial Mechanism and Norwegian Financial Mechanism website. URL: www. eeagrants. org 3. Ministry of Finances of Lithuania , 2008. URL: www. finmin. lt 4. Semi`nar...

The relevance of the study stems from the need to reduce interregional disparities, as stipulated in strategic planning documents. The article examines the provision of federal highways for key settlement centers in the Northwestern Federal District in the context of forming a sustainable socio-economic system. The methodological framework relies on the comparative geographical method and methods of geoinformation analysis, including the construction of buffer zones. The analysis reveals significant...

The Kaliningrad region, as a Russian exclave located at the center of the Baltic region, has found itself at the epicenter of geopolitical confrontation between the Russian Federation and the collective West. With the launch of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine, confrontation with NATO, the European Union, and regional states has reached its peak. The geographical position of the Kaliningrad region has generated threats of transport and economic blockade, while simultaneously enhancing its...

The study of the spatial development of territories is one of the pressing tasks of social geography of the XX—XXI centuries. In the era of modern globalization and transformation of the world economy, strengthening of agglomeration effects and concentration of economic forces and population in a small number of centers, the problem of development, recovery and revival of depressed and peripheral territories is of particular importance. The purpose of this article is to conduct a critical analysis...

The article examines the features of the spatial organization of student campuses using examples from domestic and international experience. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing role of university campuses as drivers of regional socio-economic development and the formation of the “creative class.” The aim of the work is to identify models of the spatial organization of university campuses, to conduct their comparative analysis, and to assess the prospects for implementing foreign...

For a long period, the Karelians have occupied a leading position among the titular peoples of the republics of Russia in terms of the rate of population decline. The aim of the study is to identify trends and main factors in the change in the concentration of Karelians at the level of Russian regions in the period between the 1959 and 2021 censuses, broken down into two time intervals — from 1959 to 1989 and from 1989 to 2021. To do this, firstly, based on the results of the censuses, the share...

The features of toponymy in the Smolensk-Belarusian borderland are examined based on microtoponyms and unofficial toponyms in the Rudnya district of the Smolensk region. The material obtained through a survey of local residents is analyzed from various perspectives using selected classifications (based on nomination objects, lexical-semantic classes, structu­ral and word-formation types). Names with dialectical foundations are singled out separately. Emphasis is placed on the role of unofficial names...

Contemporary scientific literature lacks clear formulations of the concepts «Arctic city», «city of the Far North», and «Northern city». This is largely due to the vague boundaries between the territories of the North and the Arctic. Within the framework of this study, the main approaches to defining the boundaries of the North were considered, and a comparative analysis of northern cities located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, Far North regions, and areas equated to them was conducted...

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The tourism geography currently uses a variety of approaches to analyze tourist flows. The purpose of the study is to identify geographical features in the distribution of inbound tourist flows in the Benelux countries, using various approaches to data aggregation and visualization. The study is based on the national tourism statistics of the Benelux countries. Five leading countries in terms of the volume of inbound tourist flow in this region are considered: France, Germany, the United Kingdom...

Dramatic geopolitical and geo-economic changes occurring since 2022 have created a new development context for Russian border regions redrawing their economic security boundaries. The latter are also changing, which is understood as the required level of security in the current mode of functioning of the territorial system in terms of its openness or closeness. These regions, especially ones located along the northwestern borders, geo-strategically gain more military and political importance for...

The article presents the results of an interdisciplinary study of ceramics from the Neolithic settlements of Pribrezhnoe and Ushakovo-3, the earliest among the coastal culture complexes with corded ware. Using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, ceramics from various stages of the coastal culture, as well as from the Funnel Beaker culture, whose seasonal settlements preceded them in approximately the same locations, were analyzed. The main objectives of the study were to identify the characteristics...

This study is an attempt at a historiographical analysis of research works into the history of peasant horse breeding in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century. The work delineates historiographical periods, identifies the focal points covered in the literature and outlines avenues for future exploration. Monographs, dissertations and research articles reporting findings on peasant horse breeding served as sources of the study. Pre-Soviet, Soviet and modern historiographical...

The article examines the factors shaping spatial differences in consumer preferences when using online automotive classifieds in Russia. The study employs content analysis of major automotive online platforms—Avito.ru, Auto.ru, and Drom.ru—highlighting the functional comparability of these services. To identify the causes of regional differences, a series of in-depth interviews were conducted with residents from various Russian regions. Additionally, comprehensive and cartographic analysis methods...

The article addresses the integration of ethnocultural aspects of the Arctic issues concerning the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Russian Far East (ISNP) into the socio-economic development strategies (SEDS) of the regions and municipalities within the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). The study is based on the authors' methodology for content analysis of strategies, which enables the identification of the presence of various Arctic-specific topics in...

In the context of modern globalization processes, the volume of population involved in international educational migration is growing increasingly intensive, and its results are having a more noticeable impact on socio-political and socio-economic processes. This article examines international educational migration as a source of potential labor resources for the country’s economy and as an indicator for assessing geopolitical and geoeconomic processes. Current trends in international educational...

Analysis of climate continentality is a powerful tool for studying and forecasting weath­er. Considering the continentality index enables determining current climate characteristics and predicting potential changes. This study aims to assess climate change in Russia’s North-East by analysing the continentality index as a complex integral indicator of these changes applicable to vast territories. Although there are many methods for assessing climate continentality, there is no uni­versal methodology...

This study examines the morphometric characteristics of the Letny — Zimny pond sys­tem in Kaliningrad as factors potentially influencing the ecological condition of small artifi­cial water bodies. Based on hydroacoustic surveying conducted with the "AsCor" software-hardware complex, which simultaneously recorded current depth and geographic coordinates of the surveyed bottom areas in real time, bottom relief maps of the ponds were created for the first time. Key morphometric parameters...

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly contributing to hotel branding initiatives within the hospitality industry. This study investigates the potential applications of AI in the hospitality sector, using the hotel services industry as a case study. A generative AI chatbot (ChatGPT 4, YandexGPT 2) was employed to model hotel branding based on a set of predefined parameters, focusing on two historic districts of Kaliningrad. The results indi­cate that the architectural styles and...

Currently, there are several classifications of climate in geographical science, developed by different authors, both domestic and foreign. Each classification has its own principles for distinguishing climatic belts and climate types. Such principles include temperature and hu­midity characteristics, dynamics of the general circulation of the atmosphere, landscape and geo­graphic features of the land, etc. Two classifications of climates — B. P. Alisov’s and V. P. Köp­pen’s, which were developed...

The study examines the impact of the development of the road network on the dynamics of socio-economic indicators of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District in the context of the implementation of Russia’s Spatial Development Strategy. Based on a correlation anal­ysis of data for the period 2007—2023, which includes 22 indicators of socio-economic dy­namics and 6 parameters of road infrastructure, key patterns of interaction between the transport network and regional development dynamics...

With the aim of expanding the research base of concepts and methodologies in the field of educational psychology, this study analyzes the challenges encountered in the process of con­tinuous education for employees in the sphere of prosecutorial activity. Digital services within the Russian Prosecutor’s Office system currently do not adequately provide systematic and high-quality training for newly appointed personnel or support professional development for experienced employees. The key issues are...

... Sec­tors of the Economy: A Collection of Scientific Articles on the Results of the III In­ternational Scientific Conference]. Kaliningrad, pp. 99—112 (in Russ.). Light, D., 2014. Tourism and toponymy: commodifying and consuming place names. Tourism Geographies, 16 (1). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/pub lication/262579781_Tourism_and_toponymy_commodifying_and_consuming_place _names [Accessed 27 February 2022]. Lindner, R., 2008. Texture, Imaginary, Habitus: Key Concepts of Cultural ...

Translation Studies scholars, on the whole, have struggled to reconcile abstract, meta­phorical concepts of translation with the notion of translation as understood in the commer­cial world of communication, that of a product to be obtained through quick, efficient and cost-cutting processes of transfer across verbal languages. Yet both ideas of translation imply exchanges of perspective between domains, cultures and senses and are inspiring conceptual­ly, artistically and socially. Bonds between...

... positioning it wholly within the digital sphere. Ackland, R., 2013. Web Social Science. Concepts, Data and Tools for Social Scientists in the Digital Age. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Ash, J., Kitchin, R. and Leszczynski, A. eds., 2019. Digital Geographies. London: SAGE Publications. Athique, A., 2013. Digital Media and Society: An Introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press. Barney, D., Coleman, G., Ross, C., Sterne, J. and Tembeck, T. eds., 2016. The Par­ticipatory Condition in the Digital Age....