Мыследействия и генезис времени в языковом семиозисе
Action-thoughts and the genesis of time in linguistic semiosis- DOI
- 10.5922/2225-5346-2021-2-1
- Страницы / Pages
- 7-28
Аннотация
Генезис времени трактуется авторами в духе конструктивизма в сочетании с деятельностным подходом к познанию. Базовые временны́е категории настоящего, прошлого и будущего рассматриваются как система мыследействий — элементарных единиц деятельности, — структура которой обусловлена языковым семиозисом. Модель феноменологии времени Гуссерля применяется к анализу переживания субъектом собственных действий. Показано, что если переживаемое настоящее основано на совершаемых действиях, то прошлое и будущее конструируются рефлексивными мыследействиями в когнитивной сфере языка. Подчеркивается, что организация временнóго ряда, связывающего то, что есть, с тем, чего уже нет или еще нет, возможна лишь в языковом семиозисе. Аналогия с гуссерлевской трехчастной структурой потока сознания-времени помогает понять триаду «настоящее — прошлое — будущее» как пример эпистемологической ловушки языка: прошлое и будущее — это мысленные конструкты, так же принадлежащие настоящему, как и любые другие акты мысли.
Abstract
The genesis of time is explained in the spirit of constructivism combined with the activity approach to cognition. The cardinal temporal categories of present, past, and future are discussed in terms of action-thoughts understood as elementary units of activity whose structure is determined by linguistic semiosis. Husserl’s tripartite model of the phenomenology of time (prime perception, retention, protention) is applied to the analysis of the subject’s experience of his actions. It is demonstrated that, while our lived present is composed of the actually performed actions, our past and future are constructed by reflexive action-thoughts in the cognitive domain of language. It is emphasized that the construction of a temporal sequence that unites what is and what already or still is not, is possible only in linguistic semiosis. The analogy with Husserl’s tripartite structure of the time-consciousness flow helps elucidate the triad ‘present-past-future’ as an instance of the epistemological trap of language: ‘past’ and ‘future’ are mental constructs that belong to the present just as any other act of thinking.
Список литературы
Августин Аврелий. Исповедь. История моих бедствий. М., 1992.
Арутюнова Н. Д. Язык и мир человека. М., 1999.
Бернштейн Н. А. Физиология движений и активность. M., 1990.
Выготский Л. С. Мышление и речь. М., 1934.
Кошелев А. Д. Очерки эволюционно-синтетической теории языка. М., 2018.
Кравченко А. В. К когнитивной теории времени и вида // Филологические науки. 1990. № 6. С. 81—90.
Кравченко А. В. Язык и восприятие: Когнитивные аспекты языковой категоризации. Иркутск, 1996.
Кравченко А. В. О традициях, языкознании и когнитивном подходе // Горизонты современной лингвистики: Традиции и новаторство : сб. в честь Е. С. Кубряковой. М., 2009. С. 51—65.
Кравченко А. В. Грамматика в когнитивно-семиотическом аспекте // Язык и мысль: современная когнитивная лингвистика / сост. А. А. Кибрик, А. Д. Кошелев. М., 2015. С. 574—594.
Кравченко А. В. Эпистемологическая ловушка языка // Вестник Томского государственного университета. Сер.: Филология. 2016. № 3. С. 14—26.
Кравченко А. В. «Сознание» как экологическое понятие // Ноосферные исследования. 2017. № 2. С. 5—16.
Кравченко А. В. Информационные технологии и когнитивное развитие: взгляд с эколингвистических позиций // Вопросы психолингвистики. 2019а. № 4. С. 76—91.
Кравченко А. В. Насколько экзотичен «принцип непосредственности восприятия» в языке пираха? // Сибирский филологический журнал. 2019б. № 1. С. 148—160.
Лекторский В. А. Конструктивный реализм как современная форма эпистемологического реализма // Вопросы философии. 2018. Т. 23, № 2. С. 18—22.
Леонов А. А., Лебедев В. И. Психологические особенности деятельности космонавтов. М., 1971.
Леонтьев А. Н. Деятельность. Сознание. Личность, М., 1975.
Матурана У. Биология познания // Язык и интеллект / cост. В. В. Петров. М., 1995. С. 95—142.
Матурана У. Р., Варела Ф. Х. Древо познания. М., 2001.
Охоцимский А. Д. Мыследействия как основа умственной работы // Вопросы культурологии. 2018а. № 8. С. 28—40.
Охоцимский А. Д. Мыследействия как основа умственной работы // Вопросы культурологии. 2018б. № 9. С. 29—41.
Рубинштейн С. Л. Основы общей психологии [1940]. СПб., 2002.
Фасмер М. Этимологический словарь русского языка. М., 1986. Т. 1.
Щедровицкий Г. П. Избранные труды. М., 1995.
Arendt H. The human condition. Chicago, 1998.
Auletta G. Cognitive biology: dealing with information from bacteria to minds. Oxford, 2011.
Bedny G., Karwowski W. A systemic-structural theory of activity. Boca Raton, FL, 2007.
Bergson H. Matter and memory. N. Y., 2004.
Bridgman P. W. The logic of modern physics. N. Y., 1958. Vol. 3.
Chomsky N. Reflections on language. N. Y., 1975.
Damasio A. Descartes' error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. N. Y., 1994.
Damasio A. The feeling of what happens: body and emotion in the making of consciousness. N. Y., 1999.
Dennett D. Kinds of minds: Toward an understanding of consciousness. N. Y., 1996.
Deutsch D. The fabric of reality. L., 1997.
Druzhinin A. S. Construction of irreality: an enactive-constructivist stance on counterfactuals // Constructivist Foundations. 2020. Vol. 16, № 1. P. 69—80.
Everett D. Don’t sleep! There are snakes. Life and language in the Amazon jungle. N. Y., 2008.
Gallagher S. How the body shapes the mind. Oxford, 2005.
Gallagher S., Varela F. J. Redrawing the map and resetting the time: phenomenology and the cognitive sciences // Canadian Journal of Philosophy. Supplementary Volume. 2003. Vol. 29. P. 93—132.
Gendlin E. How philosophy cannot appeal to experience, and how it can // Language beyond postmodernism: Saying and thinking in Gendlin’s philosophy. Evanston, 1997. P. 3—41.
Glasersfeld E. Radical constructivism: a way of knowing and learning. Bristol, 1995.
Goldsmith J., Woisetschlaeger E. The logic of the English progressive // Linguistic Inquiry. 1982. Vol. 13, № 1. P. 79—89.
Guénon R. Le règne de la quantité et les signes des temps. P., 1945.
Heidegger M. Sein und Zeit. Tübingen, 1927.
Husserl E. On the phenomenology of the consciousness of internal time / trans. by J. Brough. Dordrecht, 1991.
Järvilehto T. The theory of the organism-environment system: I. Description of the theory // Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science. 1998. Vol. 33. P. 317—330.
Kravchenko A. V. Linguistic semiosis and human cognition // Constructivist Foundations. 2020. Vol. 15, № 3. P. 285—287.
Kravchenko A. V. On the implicit observer in grammar: aspect // The explicit and the implicit in language and speech. Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018. P. 12—34.
Kuhn T. S. The essential tension: Selected studies in scientific tradition and change. Chicago, 1977.
Lakoff G., Johnson M. Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought. N. Y., 1999.
Mach E. The analysis of sensations. N. Y., 1959.
Maturana H. R. Biology of cognition. BCL Report # 9.0. / University of Illinois. Urbana, 1970.
Maturana H. R. Biology of language: The epistemology of reality // Psychology and biology of language and thought : essays in honor of Eric Lenneberg. N. Y., 1978. P. 27—63.
Maturana H. R. Ontology of observing: The biological foundations of self-consciousness and of the physical domain of existence // Texts in cybernetic theory : conference workbook (American Society for Cybernetics Conference, 18—23 October, 1988). Felton, 1988. P. 4—53.
Maturana H. R. Reflections on my collaboration with Francisco Varela // Constructivist Foundations. 2012. Vol. 7. P. 155—164.
Maturana H. R. The biological foundations of self-consciousness and the physical domain of existence // Beobachter: Konvergenz der Erkenntnistheorien? Munich, 1990. P. 47—117.
Maturana H. R., Mpodozis J., Letelier J. C. Brain, language, and the origin of human mental functions // Biological Research. 1995. Vol. 28. P. 15—26.
Maturana H. R., Varela F. J. The tree of knowledge: the biological roots of human understanding. Boston, 1984.
Mesulam M. Slowly progressive aphasia without generalized dementia // Annals of Neurology. 1982. Vol. 11, № 6. P. 592—598.
Morris C. W. Foundations of the theory of signs // International encyclopedia of unified science. Chicago, 1938. Vol. 1, part 2. P. 1—59.
Noë A. Action in perception. Cambridge ; L., 2006.
Piaget J. Genetic epistemology. N. Y., 1970.
Piaget J. Recherches sur l'abstraction reflechissante. P., 1977. Vol. 1.
Rizzolatti G., Sinigaglia C. The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit: interpretations and misinterpretations // Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2010. Vol. 11. P. 264—274.
Schmidt R. A., Lee T. D. Motor control and learning. A behavioral emphasis. Leeds, 1999.
Steffe L. P. Radical constructivism: A scientific research program // Constructivist Foundations. 2007. Vol. 2, № 2-3. P. 41—49.
Stewart J., Gapenne O., Di Paolo E. A. (eds.) Enaction. Toward a new paradigm for cognitive science. Cambridge, MA, 2011.
Thompson E. Mind and life. Cambridge, MA, 2007.
Urban P. Foregrounding the relational domain — phenomenology, enactivism and care ethics // Horizon. 2016. Vol. 5, № 1. P. 171—182.
Varela F. J. Laying down a path in walking // Gaia: A way of knowing. Political implications of the new biology. Hudson, NY, 1987. P. 48—64.
Varela F. J., Thompson E., Rosh E. The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. Cambridge, MA, 1991.
Ward D., Silverman D., Villalobos M. Introduction: The varieties of enactivism // Topoi. 2017. Vol. 36. P. 365—375.
Wittgenstein L. Tractatus logico-philosophicus. L., 1922.
Zahavi D. Inner time-consciousness and pre-reflective self-awareness // The new Husserl: A critical reader. Bloomington, 2003. P. 157—180.
Reference
Arendt, H., 1998. The Human Condition. Chicago.
Arutunova, N. D., 1999. Yazyk i mir cheloveka [Language and the Human World]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Augustine of Hippo, 1992. Ispoved'. Istoriya moikh bedstvii [Confessions of St. Augustine]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Auletta, G., 2011. Cognitive Biology: Dealing with information from bacteria to minds. Oxford.
Bedny, G. and Karwowski, W., 2007. A Systemic-Structural Theory of Activity. Boca Raton, FL.
Bergson, H., 2004. Matter and Memory. New York.
Bernstein, N. A., 1990. Fiziologiya dvizhenii i aktivnost' [Physiology of Movement and Activity]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Bridgman, P. W., 1958. The Logic of Modern Physics. Vol. 3. New York.
Chomsky, N., 1975. Reflections on Language. New York.
Damasio, A. 1994. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. New York.
Damasio, A., 1999. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. New York.
Dennett, D. 1996. Kinds of Minds: Toward an Understanding of Consciousness. New York, NY.
Deutsch, D., 1997. The Fabric of Reality. London.
Druzhinin, A. S., 2020. Construction of irreality: an enactive-constructivist stance on counterfactuals. Constructivist Foundations, 16(1), pp. 69—80.
Everett, D., 2008. Don’t Sleep! There are Snakes: Life and language in the Amazon jungle. New York.
Fasmer, M., 1986. Etimologicheskii slovar' russkogo yazyka [Etymological dictionary of the Russian language]. Vol. 1. Moscow (in Russ.).
Gallagher, S. and Varela, F. J., 2003. Redrawing the map and resetting the time: Phenomenology and the cognitive sciences. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 33(sup1), pp. 93—132.
Gallagher, S., 2005. How the Body Shapes the Mind. Oxford.
Gendlin, E., 1997. How philosophy cannot appeal to experience, and how it can. In: D. M. Levin, ed. Language Beyond Postmodernism: Saying and thinking in Gendlin’s philosophy. Evanston, pp. 3—41.
Glasersfeld, E. von, 1995. Radical Constructivism: a way of knowing and learning. Bristol.
Goldsmith, J. and Woisetschlaeger, E., 1982. The logic of the English progressive. Linguistic Inquiry, 13(1), pp. 79—89.
Guénon, R., 1945. Le règne de la quantité et les signes des temps. Paris.
Heidegger, M., 1927. Sein und Zeit. Tübingen.
Husserl, E., 1991. On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time. Translated by J. Brough. Dordrecht.
Järvilehto, T., 1998. The theory of the organism-environment system: I. Description of the theory. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science, 33, pp. 317—330.
Koshelev, A. D., 2018. Ocherki evolyutsionno-sinteticheskoi teorii yazyka [Essays on the Evolutionary-Synthetic Theory of Language]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 1996. Yazyk i vospriyatie: Kognitivnye aspekty yazykovoi kategorizatsii [Language and Perception: Cognitive Aspects of Language Categorization]. Irkutsk (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2009. On traditions, linguistics, and a cognitive approach. In: N. K. Riabtseva, ed. Gorizonty sovremennoi lingvistiki: traditsii i novatorstvo [The Horizons of Modern Linguistics: Tradition and Novelty]. Moscow, pp. 51—65 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2015. Cognitive-semiotic grammar. In: A. A. Kibrik and A. D. Koshelev, eds. Yazyk i mysl': sovremennaya kognitivnaya lingvistika [Language and Thought: Contemporary Cognitive Linguistics]. Moscow. pp. 574—594 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2016. The epistemological trap of language. Tomsk State University Journal of Philology, 3(41), pp. 14—26 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2017. "Consciousness" as an ecological concept. Noosfernye issledovaniya [Noosphere studies], 2, pp. 5—16 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2019a. Information technology and cognitive development: an ecolinguistic perspective. Journal of Psycholinguistics, 4(42), pp. 76—91 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2019b. How exotic is the ‘immediacy of experience principle’ in Pirahã? Siberian Journal of Philology, 1, pp. 148—160 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 1990. Towards a cognitive theory of tense and aspect. Filologicheskije nauki [Studies in Philology], 6, pp. 81—90 (in Russ.).
Kravchenko, A. V., 2018. On the implicit observer in grammar: aspect. In: L. M. Liashchova, ed. The Explicit and the Implicit in Language and Speech. Newcastle upon Tyne, pp. 12—34.
Kravchenko, A. V., 2020. Linguistic semiosis and human cognition. Constructivist Foundations, 15(3), pp. 285—287.
Kuhn, T. S., 1977. The Essential Tension: Selected studies in scientific tradition and change. Chicago.
Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M., 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought. New York.
Lektorsky, V. A., 2018. Constructive realism as a modern form of epistemological realism. Voprosy filosofii, 23(2), pp. 18—22 (in Russ.).
Leonov, A. A. and Lebedev, V. I., 1971. The Psychological Aspects of Activities in Space Flight [Psychological features of the activities of astronauts]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Leontiev, A. N., 1975. Activity. Consciousness. Personality [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Mach, E., 1975. The Analysis of Sensations. New York.
Maturana, H. R., 1970. Biology of cognition. BCL Report # 9.0. University of Illinois. Urbana, 1970.
Maturana, H. R., 1978. Biology of language: The epistemology of reality. In: G. Miller and E. Lenneberg, eds. Psychology and Biology of Language and Thought: Essays in honor of Eric Lenneberg. New York, pp. 27—63.
Maturana, H. R., 1978. Ontology of observing: The biological foundations of self-consciousness and of the physical domain of existence. In: Texts in cybernetic theory: conference workbook (American Society for Cybernetics Conference, 18—23 October 1988. Felton, pp. 4—53.
Maturana, H. R., 1984. The tree of knowledge: the biological roots of human understanding. Boston.
Maturana, H. R., 1990. The biological foundations of self-consciousness and the physical domain of existence. In: Beobachter: Konvergenz der Erkenntnistheorien? Munich, pp. 47—117.
Maturana, H. R., 1995. Biology of Cognition. In: V. V. Petrov, ed., Jazyk i intellect [Language and intelligence]. Moscow, pp. 95—142 (in Russ.).
Maturana, H. R., 2001 Drevo poznaniya [Tree of knowledge]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Maturana, H. R., 2012. Reflections on my collaboration with Francisco Varela. Constructivist Foundations, 7, pp. 155—164.
Maturana, H. R., Mpodozis, J. and Letelier J. C., 1995. Brain, language, and the origin of human mental functions. Biological Research, 28, pp. 15—26.
Mesulam, M., 1982. Slowly progressive aphasia without generalized dementia. Annals of Neurology, 11(6), pp. 592—598.
Morris, C. W., 1938. Foundations of the theory of signs. In: O. Neurath, R. Carnap and C. W. Morris, eds. International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. Vol. 1, Part 2. The Chicago, pp. 1—59.
Noë, A., 2006. Action in Perception. Cambridge & London.
Okhotsimsky, A. D., 2018a. Thought actions as the basis of mental work. Voprosy kul'turologii [Questions of cultural studies], 8, pp. 28—40 (in Russ.).
Okhotsimsky, A. D., 2018b. Thought actions as the basis of mental work. Voprosy kul'turologii [Questions of cultural studies], 9, pp. 29—41 (in Russ.).
Piaget, J. 1977. Recherches sur l'abstraction reflechissante. Vol. 1, 2. Paris.
Piaget, J., 1970. Genetic Epistemology. New York.
Rizzolatti, G. and Sinigaglia, C., 2010. The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit: interpretations and misinterpretations. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, pp. 264—274.
Rubinstein, S. L., 1940. Osnovy obshchei psikhologii [Fundamentals of General Psychology]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Schmidt, R. A. and Lee, T. D., 1999. Motor Control and Learning: A behavioral emphasis. Leeds.
Shchedrovitsky, G. P., 1995. Izbrannye trudy [Selected works]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Steffe, L. P., 2007. Radical constructivism: A scientific research program. Constructivist Foundations, 2(2-3), pp. 41—49.
Stewart, J., Gapenne O. and Di Paolo, E. A., eds., 2011. Enaction: Toward a new paradigm for cognitive science. Cambridge, MA.
Thompson, E., 2007. Mind and Life. Cambridge, MA.
Urban, P., 2016. Foregrounding the relational domain — phenomenology, enactivism and care ethics. Horizon, 5(1), pp. 171—182.
Varela, F. J., 1987. Laying down a path in walking. In: W. I. Thompson, ed. Gaia: A way of knowing. Political implications of the new biology. Hudson, NY, pp. 48—64.
Varela, F. J., Thompson, E. and Rosh, E., 1991. The Embodied Mind: Cognitive science and human experience. Cambridge, MA.
Vygotsky, L. S., 1934. Myshlenie i rech' [Thought and Language]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Ward, D., Silverman, D. and Villalobos, M. 2017. Introduction: The varieties of enactivism. Topoi, 36, pp. 365—375.
Wittgenstein, L., 1922. Tractatus logico-philosophicus, London.
Zahavi, D., 2003. Inner time-consciousness and pre-reflective self-awareness. In: D. Welton, ed. The New Husserl: A critical reader. Bloomington, pp. 157—180.