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• Trends in the development of cross-border trade in the Russian-Finnish borderlands

  ... is the possibility of receiving additional or even basic income. We distinguish several periods (peddlar trade, Soviet-Finnish tourism, shuttle trade, shopping tourism) in the evolution of Russian-Finnish cross-border trade and identify their major trends and characteristics. We describe the general patterns of cross-border trade in these historical periods and juxtapose the pertinent institutional, organisational and infrastructural settings. We explain why the direction of the flow of finance ...

• Was there ever realism? On the periodisation of Western European literature

  This article revisits the traditional perspective on realism as a prevalent trend in the European literature at the end of the 19th century. The author examines the perception of the concept of realism at the end of the 18th century (Friedrich Schiller) and in the 1850s (Champfleury and Duranty). It is stressed that Stendhal ...

• The development of dairy farming: forecasts and trends

  ... substitution. The methodical basis of research is a set of methods of economic and mathematical modeling, in­cluding scenarios and their quantitative justification. Special attention is paid to the method of extrapolation modeling linear and nonlinear trends. The method of trend modeling has been supplemented by the method of expert as­sessment. The empirical basis of the forecast calculations was the assessment of trends in the development of agricultural producers during 2004—2017. 1. Poluskina ...

• The effect of Covid-19 on labour migration in the CIS

  ... crisis for employment and regional budgets. In: Gurevich, V. S., Kolesnikov, A. V. et all. (eds.) Monitoring ekonomicheskoi situatsii v Rossii: tendentsii i vyzovy sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya [Monitoring the economic situation in Russia: trends and challenges of social and economic development], no. 7 (109), April 2020, p. 3—13, Moscow, Institute for Economic Policy named after E. T. Gaidar (Gaidar Institute), Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President ...

• Russians in Latvia: Peculiarities of Socio-cultural Adaptation and Identity

  The author identifies trends and variations of the socio-cultural identity and integration of Russians in Latvia. According to the author, since the middle 1990s, two trends have been recognized - first, the “ingrowing” of ethnic Russians into the life of independent Latvia,...

• Guest Editor’s Introduction. New economic and migratory trends in the Baltic Sea region during the COVID-19 pandemic

  Ryazantsev S. V., Molodikova I. N. 4-9 doi: 10.5922/2078-8555-2020-4-1

• Baltic Sea Region Studies: Current Trends (Based on Publications in the Baltic Region Journal)

  Klemeshev A. 4-10

• The first scientific congress «Problems of physical education: Content, trends, methodology, organisation»

  Горелов А. А., Пельменёв В. К., Сокорев В. В. 160-164

• Language educational policy in the CIS and Baltic countries: new trends

• Trends in the development of economic activity in the Kaliningrad region in 1992 – 2010.

  ... periods of foreign economic activity (FEA) development in the Kaliningrad region in 1992-2010 taking into account the effect of economic crisis. The article offers most typical characteristics of each stage, as well as the reasons behind the current trends in foreign trade development. The author makes proposals regarding the adjustment of measures aimed at FEA development in the region. 1. Бородавкина Н. Ю. Воздействие внешнеэкономической деятельности ...

• Structural and Functional Characteristics of the Spatial Development of Rural and Urban Areas in the Northwestern Economic District

  ... the problem of increasing spatial polarisation in the population distribution systems of the Leningrad, Novgorod, and Pskov regions. The author examines the impact of development and distribution of factors of production on demographic processes and trends in the transformation of the population distribution system. Based on an analysis of the sectoral structure of economy and demographic development trends, the author proposes a functional typology of urban and rural settlements. He stresses the ...

• Russian Population Ethnic Structure: Trends and Transformations

  ... structure of the population of the post-Soviet Russia from the territorial perspective. The stability of the ethnic structure of the “Russian mega nucleus” and indigenization of the national regions are considered in view of the differences in migration trends during the two inter-census periods and the socioeconomic situation in the regions. The urbanization rate of major ethnic groups is an indirect indicator of the prospects of traditional “primordial” ethnic identities in different ethnic groups....

• Foreign trade of the Kaliningrad region: major trends

  The author exposes major trends of foreign trade development in the Kaliningrad region in new geopolitical situation, basic features of exports and imports in the exclave region. 1.  Внешнеэкономическая деятельность предприятий и ...

• Trends in population change and the sustainable socio-economic development of cities in North-West Russia

  ... accounts for 10 % of the country’s total area and 9.5 % of its population. This article aims to trace the patterns of city distribution across the region, to assess the conditions of differently populated cities and towns, and to identify sustainability trends in their socio-economic development. Population change is a reliable indicator of the competitiveness of a city. As a rule, a growing city performs well economically and has a favourable investment climate and high-paid jobs. The analysis revealed ...

• The lithodynamic and geomorphological features of a terraced underwater slope of the Sambian peninsula (South-East Baltic)

  ... the area of Cape Taran; they have been classified according to the morphological features; a detailed electronic lithological map has been drawn. The authors analyse the correlation between bottom currents and meteorological conditions. The sediment trend analysis based on statistical parameters of grain size distribution helped identify the sediment trend from the 10 m isobath northward towards the open sea and that along the shore at a 20 m depth eastward. 1. Bird E. Coastal Geomorphology: An ...

• On demographic development trends in the Kaliningrad region during Perestroika

  ... of demographic development of the Kaliningrad region during the reform, crisis, and collapse of the Soviet administrative and political system. Priority attention is given to changes in the population reproduction model. It is concluded that the main trends in the regional population development were similar to the national ones, at the same time retaining the regional age. 1. Демографическая модернизация России, 1900—2000 / под ред. А. Г. Вишневского....

• Climate change in the dry steppe zone of the Tuva highland area

  ... changes correspond to a sinusoidal pattern. The climate warming rate is about 0.077 C/year or 2.23 C in 30 years. Solar-terrestrial relationships are described in the article. Hydrothermal coefficient has decreased by 16 %. A decreasing climate warming trend emerged in 2001. 1. Богданова Э. Г., Ильин Б. М., Гаврилова С. Ю. Современные методы корректировки измеренных осадков и результаты их применения ...

• Regulation trends of international cooperation at the regional level

  The article reveals major regulation trends of international cooperation at the regional level which being officially adopted are implemented in the Kaliningrad region. Special attention is given to international agreements, involvement in international programs and projects, information ...

• Key conceptual trends in the study of nationalism

  The article examines the main approaches to the study of nationalism. The author describes characteristic features of conceptual trends, reveals their strengths and weaknesses. The article shows that in political science there is no single self-sufficient theory that could become an instrument for studying various manifestations of nationalism. 1. Абдулатипов Р. ...

• Information metabolism and innovation dynamics in the Rostov agglomeration: the role of the coastal factor and economic clustering

  ... flows in the Rostov agglomeration via the active clustering of in­novation sector, accompanied by the dynamics of tacit knowledge and the shrinking of its spatial imbalances. Moreover, the research uncovered the neg­ative side effects of geo-economic trends that threaten the reproduction of in­novations in the agglomeration space. 1. Абдулганиев Ф.С. Формирование инновационной инфраструктуры город­ской агломерации // Социально-экономические ...

• Trends in agrarian land use and the nutrient balance values ensuring an increase in land fertility

  This article analyses major trends in agricultural land use in the Kaliningrad region (the proportions of fallow land, tilled crops, grassland). The author suggests a methodology for calculating soil nutrient balance tested on a farm. 1. Вовлечение в сельскохозяйственное ...

• Logistics management and its application for interregional trade

  The article reveals major tasks and logistics trends as one of instruments for effective management. Borisova V. V. management, logistical management, logistics, interregional barter, enterprise logistics. 50-58 10.5922/2223-2095-2009-3-7

• Сomparative trends in the morphofunctional development of rural and urban school children in the Nizhny Novgorod region at the present stage

  This paper focuses on the trends of a comparative analysis of statistical parameters of physical development of rural and urban school children in the Nizhniy Novgorod region. The results indicate that, against the background of the persistence of basic characteristics of growth ...

• The demographic problems of the Baltic cities: general trends

  This article discusses the trends of demographic development of the Baltic Sea region's cities. It analyses the factors affecting the urban population dynamics in the second half of the 20th — the beginning of the 21st centuries. The authors emphasise the dependence of the Baltic ...

• On crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of the Baltic States

  ... article considers the legitimacy of political regimes in the Baltic States by analysing three major parameters: confidence in political institutions, level of corruption, and the development of their party systems. The author identifies the major crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The article stresses the problem of legitimacy reproduction resulting from the limited representation of the national party systems. Special attention is paid to compensatory ...

• Key Directions of Sectoral and Spatial Changes in the Russian Industry

  This article considers major trends in the spatial and sectoral structure of national production and analyses the patterns of transformation of industrial systems into integrated industrial complexes, which show higher efficiency in transit condiétions. The author presents a new ...

• The impact of Russia’s counter-sanctions on Lithuania’s foreign economic activities

  This article explores Russian-Lithuanian trade relations under the EU sanctions against Russia and Russian counter-sanctions. The authors identify changes in the structure of foreign economic activities and examine the main trends, features and problems of trade. The authors analyse transformations in bilateral trade — the role of Russian in Lithuanian foreign trade and the volume of Russian-Lithuanian exports and imports of goods and services. 1. Санкции в ...

• The coastalisation of population in today’s Russia: A sociogeographical explication

  ... leading cities, economic and settlement projections of global geoecological, geo-economic, and geopolitical processes, the scale and effect of transnational and transboundary contracts, and the changing images of coastal areas. This article analyses the trend towards the ‘drift’ of the demographic potential from the inland territories to the coastal periphery, which has been observed in Russia for centuries. A vast body of empirical data and statistics is used to demonstrate that, during the post-Soviet ...

• The development of everyday language in the German-speaking countries in the framework of the sociolinguistic concept of language evolution

  This article studies trends in the development of the German language and their manifestations in spoken language. It is established that, under the influence oral discourse conditions, the antinomies of language development are resolved in regional spoken languages predominantly ...

• Russia’s Coastal Zone as a Social and Geographic Phenomenon: Conceptualisation and Delimitation

  ... increased potential for cluster formation in the economy. Marine cross-border clusters are identified as independent typological units. Characteristics and conditions for their formation and development are described in view of contemporary geoeconomic trends. The author examines the conditions and prospects for the formation of marine cross-border clusters in the key segments of Russia’s coastal zone. 1. Mechnikov, L. I. 1898, Tsivilizatsiya i velikie istoricheskie reki [The Civilization and the ...

• The territorial structure of productive forces of Russian North-West in the 2000—2010s

  ... discipline to describe the changes in the economy of the Russian North-West in the first decade of the 21st century. We combine publicly available data to propose new methods of evaluation of regional economic efficiency. We also identify and describe new trends of North-West development that have not yet been reflected upon by the researchers in the field. We conclude that, having overcome the crisis of the 1990s, the economy of the Russian North-West displays an overall positive trend of coming back ...

• Natural Increase in the Baltic South and South-West

  ... period of constitutional transformations // Polish Population Review. 1998.№ 13. P. 87—92. 20. Gubrynowicz A. O Estonii i Łotwie nieortodoksyjnych uwag kilka //Międzynarodowy Przegląd Polityczny. 2005. № 12. P. 123—138 21. Heiland F. Trends in East-West German Migration from 1989 to 2002 //Demographic Research. 2004. Vol. 11. P. 173—194. 22. Nacjonalizm. Konflikty narodowościowe w Europie Środkowej i Wschodniej / ed. S. Helanrski. Toruń, 2001. 23. Hellwig Z. Zastosowanie ...

• The influence of the sea on the economic development and settlement structure in the Baltic Sea region

  ... more rapidly than inland regions. At the same time, the effect of environmental, socioeconomic, demographic, and political factors is often stronger than the influence of the sea. Thus, an inland position can be more beneficial than a coastal one. Both trends are observed in the Baltic Sea macroregion. However, the ‘gravitational force’ of the sea varies from place to place. This article focuses on the most significant differences between territories and countries. These differences reflect the ...

• Changes in prices for basic consumer basket goods: The case of the Kaliningrad region

  This article presents the results of a study into changes in prices for goods constituting the minimum consumer basket. The analysis uses the indicative method based on studying variations in the chain growth rate of prices, trends method, and time series variation. The calculations made it possible to describe changes in prices for staple food in the Kaliningrad region over the past ten years. 1. Борисова А. А., Ермолаев М. Б. Проявление ...

• Kruglov A. N. Kant and Kant’s philosophy in Russian belles-lettres

  ... Russian Review. 1979. Vol. 38, № 4. 9. R.B. [Review:] Ya. E. Golosovker, Dostoyevski i Kant. Moscow, Izd. AN SSSR, 1963. 102 pp. 21 kopeks // Soviet Studies. 1964. Vol. 16, № 2. 10. Sheynzon E. M. The Quest for Noumena in Russian Literature: Kantian Trends in Gogol and Bulgakov: Diss. / Northwestern University. Evanston (Illinois), 2005. Dementyev I. O. 102-113 10.5922/0207-6918-2013-2-9 [html]<div align="justify">1. Davydov, D. 2006, Shkola, izbegajushhaja definicij [School,...

• On Estimation of Rainfall Variations over the European Part of Russia

  The rainfall variations on the European part of Russia over the period of instrumental observations (1901-2005) are considered in comparison to the hemisphere and global rainfall variations. A positive rainfall trend is indicated over the observation period. The most significant increase in precipitation over the European part of Russia was recorded in the second half of the 20th century and amounted to 20.6 mm/10 years. 1. Данные суточного ...

• A Situational Approach to Strategic Management and Monitoring of Regional and Urban Development

  ... the capacity for constructive interaction between all its “actors and factors”. In this situation, the monitoring territorial development is seen as an integral part of management. It ensures the inventory, observation, and comparison of various trends determining the situation, as well as the results of actions aimed at its targeted alteration. Monitoring helps not only to promptly identify threats, but also to detect the opportunities for developing the situation in the desired directions ...

• Demographic Ranking of the Baltic Sea States

  ... rates in 1995 and 2010 for 140 countries against the global average, and for the Baltic Sea states against the European average. The grouping of countries and the analysis of changes over the given period confirmed a number of demographic development trends and the persistence of wide territorial disparities in major indicators. The authors identify opposite trends in ranking based on the standardised birth (country consolidation at the level of averaged values) and mortality (polarisation) rates....

• Rural areas of Eastern Germany: modern challenges

  ... discuss pros and cons of modern rural areas spatial planning policy and take a critical look at the current status of rural areas. We also put forward a number of concrete proposals aimed at the development of the area and counteracting the negative trends it is now experiencing. Even taking into account all ‘positive’ development trends that are postulated to have occurred since the unification, we underline the crucial necessity of diversification of labour forces and of changing the spatial ...

• International Migration in the Periods of Transition and Crisis: the Case of Latvia

  Migration processes are amongst the most relevant issues in the geography of the Baltic States. The authors analyse the changes in migration patterns from the early 1990s until today. The focus of the study is the recent trends of migratory movements in the case of Latvia. Due to the country’s economic recession, migration has accelerated in the recent years. Empirical results show the response of the migration system to the changing internal factors and external influences ...

• Localization of large business in coastal zones as a factor of transboundary clustering (on the example of the European part of Russia)

  ... (export-import operations), and (to a lesser extent, mainly Black Sea coast) with the implementation of certain recreational projects. Localization of large business (its head offices, branches, individual enterprises) is also conditioned by the general trend for economic activities, infrastructure and population to get advanced to the sea (some parts of the coast), which serves as one of the significant factors (and indicators) of economic activity, and cross-border clustering. Focusing on the most ...

• Migrant children in the system of education in Russia: A new research trend

  This article analyses trends in, and approaches to, research into problems associated with teaching migrant children at Russian multi-ethnic educational institutions. The author stresses the need to study emotional expression in non-native speakers and bilingual children and ...

• Population Ageing as a Sociodemographic Problem in the Baltic Region

  ..., Т. Yu. 2009, Geodemograficheskaya obstanovka v stranakh Bal­tiiskogo makroregiona: problemy i perspektivy [Geo-demographic situation in the Baltic macro-region: problems and prospects], Kaliningrad, 158 p. (In Russ.) 3. Kuznetsova, Т. Yu. 2013, Trends and factors of demographic development in the Baltic region: Regional Analysis, Regional'nye issledovaniya [Regional studies], no. 3 (41), p. 50—57. (In Russ.) 4. Kuznetsova, Т. Yu. 2008, Territorial differentiation of demographic devel­opment ...

• Russian-Estonian relations: a medium-term forecast

  ... in Russian foreign policy. The forecast is based on the scenario methodology, which suggests that the modern means of political forecasting make it possible to make conclusions not about the future states of political phenomena, but rather about the trends of current states, which are called scenarios. The article describes the four possible scenarios of changes in the role of Estonia in Russian foreign policy that are evaluated from the perspective of the development of Russian-Estonian relations ...

• Structural Changes in the Economy of the Russian Northwest: Spatial Dimension

  This paper identifies and explains the trends in the economic transformations in the Russian Northwest (NWFD). It studies the changes in the structure of the gross regional product (GRP) and economic specialization of the NWFD regions. The authors suggest approaches to managing structural ...

• Traditional Structures in Contemporary Chinese Poetry

  ... Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. Los Angeles. 12. Li, W., 2000. The pragmatic function of numeral-classifiers in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, p. 1113—1133. 13. Ming, D., 2017. Letter from Beijing: New Poets and New Trends in China. Available at: https://pionline.wordpress.com/2017/01/19/letter-from-beijing-new-poets-and-new-trendsin-china [Accessed 17 May 2017]. 14. Norman, J., 2007. Chinese (Cambridge Language Surveys). Cambridge. 15. Shie, J.-S., 2003. Figurative ...

• Сultural landscapes and socio-economic conditioning of modern landscape development

  ... substantiated; they give an exhaustive picture of the origin of the cultural landscape, both natural and historical-cultural. However, they do not determine the state of the cultural landscapes of a particular territory, because, depending on their development trend, cultural landscapes can remain stable or completely disappear. A technique is proposed for determining the degree of socio-economic background of modern landscape development. The latter defines the landscape development trend, whether it comes ...

• Development of Aland Islands: major trends and challenges

  This article considers key conditions and factors of the development of Aland Islands, describes main international legal regulations determining current status of the islands, identifies the trends in volume and structure of economic activities, ana lyzes processes of population change by regions and communes, as well as migration flows. The article also characterizes legal framework for socioeconomic development of the Finnish region. It ...

• Modern Hanseatic Trends in the Baltic Region

  A critical analysis of Hanseatic traditions may produce consequential methodological material for the study of the 21st century Baltic regionalisation. Current trends in the development of the Baltic region, whose academic analysis is impossible without considering earlier cases of successful interactions between the peoples of the Baltic Sea region, necessitate political, economic, and historical research on ...

• Geography of European Migration

  ... the beginning of a second Migration Period that could transform the social and cultural identity of Europe. The article presents an analysis of international migration geography in Europe in the last twenty-five years. The authors identify the main trends in migration, provide migration profiles of European countries, and propose a classification based on the recent changes in the migrant stock. Changes in the migrant stock (total emigration and immigration) reflect the level of involvement in international ...