Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
... of the areas adjoining St. Petersburg showed noticeable population growth to have occurred only in the northern and northeastern districts [25], [26]. Inequality in development is also evident across the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) regions. Specifically, the three Baltic regions are progressing more effectively, whereas development in the northern regions is advancing at a slower pace [27].
When analyzing the upsides and downsides of urban agglomeration, researchers rarely cover the entire ...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
... foreign stakeholders. According to the official stance of the Swedish Institute, all these pivotal initiatives align with its overarching mission. This mission is centred on fostering sustainable development and promoting international cooperation, with a specific emphasis on the Baltic Sea region.<2> The scholarship and grant policy can be viewed as integral components of both nation branding and soft power, aimed at strengthening Sweden’s global influence. The Swedish Institute (SI) has specifically ...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... highlighted by Klemeshev et al.
Defining the Baltic macro-region as a geographical area having a common economic specialisation and similar physical and geographical conditions makes it possible to pose the question explored in this study: what were the specific characteristics of the spread of the COVID-19 infection in the Baltic region? Finding an answer to this question requires examining the internal differential of the spatial diffusion of the pandemic and investigating the processes taking place ...
A typology of the Baltic region states according to excellence in science and technology
... regions:
— eclectic paradigm (OLI model);
— knowledge capital model;
— FSA-CSA matrix paradigm.
The eclectic paradigm, which has been developing for more than three decades, considers the ownership of firms (O), the advantages of their location in specific territories (L) and the advantages of internationalization (I) [15]. The study of countries within this paradigm focuses on formal and informal institutions, consumption patterns, market structure, socio-economic, natural conditions, working ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... The methods used in this research are expert assessment and population surveys conducted in six regions of Central Russia. The study has revealed the main characteristics constituting the reputation core of executive authorities and described their specificity in different regions. Based on the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses, the author proposes a novel approach to defining the structure of the reputation core characteristic of the federal and regional executive authorities. The ...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
...
Regulation object
Suburban zone
Periphery
Economy and social impact industries
Mobile communication and Internet infrastructure development, modernisation of existing networks; spreading digital literacy
Implementation of social innovations adjusted to local specifics, incentivising ‘pioneers of spatial exploration’
Social impact industries
Establishment of library-based cultural and community centres, community centres, clubs, etc. to implement educational and cultural community programmes (digital literacy,...
A new role of cooperation under economic sanctions as seen by residents of the Kaliningrad region
... can swiftly adapt to adverse environmental factors, fostering dynamic socio-economic development in their respective regions [22]. In this article, we draw on empirical data to identify both traditional functions of cooperation in times of crisis and specific ones determined by the pressure of anti-Russian sanctions. The traditional functions include integration (joining forces with like-minded individuals), consumer market development (saturating the market with quality goods), support for the entrepreneurial ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... Russian Federation.
The objects of the analysis are the Kaliningrad and Leningrad regions (Russian Baltic regions), or rather their municipal areas (MAs), municipal districts (MDs), and urban districts (UDs). We do not consider St. Petersburg due to the specific nature of municipalities in the city of federal significance and the unity of the urban economy explaining the particular model of local self-government in the cities of federal significance. The period under consideration is 2018—2022 due ...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
...
Methods
The following terminology is used in this article. Challenges are conditions that can lead to hazards and threats to the economic security of a country or its region [21], [37]. Hazards are circumstances (phenomena, events, processes) that pose specific threats. Threats create direct or indirect possibilities of causing damage, in particular, a decrease in GDP (gross domestic product) or in the living standards. Risk is a possibility with an identified probability of causing damage when a threat ...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
..., philosophy, point of view, or even a certain slogan. Regarding propaganda strategies employed during the pandemic, this study underscores the importance of the emotional component, encompassing intimidation, along with the recurrent utilization of specific speech clichés, in shaping the resulting impact. The intimidation strategy is considered one of the leading techniques of propaganda [13], [14]. The publication of intensive care statistics and the number of deaths from the coronavirus was aimed ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... ‘return’ to Europe can be seen as a mere attempt to meet US expectations for a more independent and stronger EU, especially in matters of defence.
The main differences in expert assessments of Denmark’s foreign policy transformation concern the specific benefits the country gained through its special relationship with the US. Another point of divergence is the external structural and internal factors behind modern Danish activism. For instance, Jacobsen and Wivel [23] see it as a historically ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... and interpretation of the empirical data. That is why it is important check and double-check available sources in terms of their reliability as well as to compare them with each other to exclude unreliable or erroneous data and biased judgements.
More specifically, I use three main principles to select and interpret empirical data:
1. Sources should be representative, i.e., they need to reflect typical rather than irregular developments in the Russian discourse on the BSR societal security;
2. Preferences ...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
... types: generalized indicators or particular metrics. The first type includes key performance indicators that allow taking into account total costs, execution time, investment volume, service, and performance indicators [26]. The second group consists of specific indicators related to the performance of operational tasks: port capacity, productivity, customer satisfaction with the provided service (which is reflected in global ratings, for example, in the LPI — Logistics Performance Index calculated ...
Cross-border tourist mobility as seen by residents of the Karelian borderlands: COVID-19 restrictions
... for the flexible use of the terms ‘transboundary tourist mobility’ [1], ‘transboundary tourist migration’ [2], ‘international inbound/outbound tourist flow’ [3] and ‘cross-border tourism’ [4], [5]. This circumstance points to some specific features of the life of modern society.
The broader term ‘transboundary tourist mobility’ denoting ‘the total inbound tourist flow of foreign citizens into Russia and outbound Russian tourist flow into foreign states’ [6] will be treated ...
Non-contact method for measuring the specific electrical resistance of liquid metals in the high temperature range
The article offers a new, non-contact method of measuring the specific electrical resistance of liquid metals in the high-temperature range, which is exceptionally simple. The essence of the method is the measurement of the electromotive force induced by a high-frequency electromagnetic field in two circuits of ...
The features of metaphors in “prophetic” dreams
This article addresses the issue of the specific features of the metaphor in “prophetic” dreams. The following features are identified as specific: the representation of the specific through the specific (abstract semantics is ensured by metonymy), spontaneity, integration into cultural ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... ‘regionalisation’, each with slightly different interpretations within these domains of knowledge. They became interdisciplinary, evolving to refer to a special type of social territorial processes and their results. At the same time, discipline-specific definitions and derivative terminology developed, often diverging significantly from previously established terms. Yet we believe that human geography has sufficient methodological and theoretical capacities to develop a single framework for ...
Speech features clinical guidelines for patients
... features of clinical recommendations for patients are determined by the functions they perform (pragmatic, attractive, personifying, explicative, regulatory, phatic). Informative, representational, and cumulative functions do not imply any linguistic specificity in the texts. It is revealed that the specificity of clinical recommendations for patients as a particular medical genre (a genre of scientific document) lies in the combination of persuasive and informative intentions with the dominance ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... of survival, a necessity, but always remains a choice.” He believes, and one might concur, that Russia evaluates any foreign policy partnership based on the benefits of this choice, not as a matter of vital necessity for developing relations with a specific partner [24]. This approach opens up opportunities for pragmatic foreign and economic policies without becoming ‘too focused’ on specific countries or their groups. As Lukyanov points out, “for the first time, we find ourselves in a situation ...
Initiative as a type of document
The article is dedicated to identifying factors that determine the documental specificity of an initiative. An initiative is characterized as a document aimed at engaging the addressee in solving a socially significant issue and convincing them of the necessity of societal changes.
The analysis of the text is conducted using ...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... unreasonable to take into account ‘automatic returns’ when analysing migration distance as they essentially double the number of relocations involving temporary resident registration in the total quantity of registered migration, whilst having no specific direction and being indistinguishable in terms of distance.
Movements between all Russian settlements, i. e. 2,300 cities and towns, and about 153,200 villages (however, according to the 2020 census, 24,800 of the latter were unpopulated). Using ...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... nation.
The concept of geopolitical space refers to a set of ideas that describe the power dynamics of international politics. At its core, it involves a competition among actors, primarily states, to compete and gain control (in various forms) over specific territories at the global, regional, and local scales, as well as within various sectors of international relations and security, including the political, military, socio-cultural, and economic realms. The structure of the geopolitical space ...
The Nature of Appearance in Kant’s Transcendentalism: A Seman- tico-Cognitive Analysis
... to Kant’s transcendentalism in general as well as to his conception of appearance in particular. Its use makes it possible to clarify both the metaphysical and ontological status of appearance. I show that, from the metaphysical point of view, the specificity of appearance is given by the transcendental triad “object (thing in itself) — appearance — representation.” Within this triad, on the one hand, appearance differs from both thing in itself (external to us) and the representation (within ...
Hemozoin accumulation associated with Opisthorchis felineus infection and the analysis of its role in changing the bile ducts microbiota
... inflammation in mice and is differentially associated with liver pathology depending on the Plasmodium strain // PloS one. 2014. Vol. 9, № 11. P. e113519.
8. Truscott M. et al. Schistosoma mansoni hemozoin modulates alternative activation of macrophages via specific suppression of Retnla expression and secretion // Infection and immunity. 2013. Vol. 81, № 1. P. 133—142.
9. Perkins D. J. et al. Severe malarial anemia: innate immunity and pathogenesis // International journal of biological sciences. 2011....
The pragmatic functions of culture-specific words in a retrospective discourse
The author analyses the linguistic and pragmatic aspects of retrospective discourse which is structured by various means including culture-specific words. The author offers a systematized classification of these words depending on the effect these words produce on the reader. Special attention is paid to anthroponyms, toponyms, and temporal markers accumulating information which is important to the reader.
1. Каменская О. Л. Текст и коммуникация. М., 1990.
2. Прозоров...
Evangelical Lutheran church of Denmark: socio-economic and territorial-organisational aspects
..., as well as in the research of foreign scholars. These scientists emphasize the importance of religion and its role in promoting sustainable development goals [12], forming social capital within countries and regions [13], [14], and contributing to specific economic sectors [15], [16], including religious tourism [17], [18].
There has been an active academic discussion regarding the transformation of European denominational space due to migration processes [19], [20], [21].
Such significant attention ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... generally acknowledges its historical responsibility as the main aggressor in World War II. However, in practice, official Berlin has shown reduced readiness to fully bear this responsibility, particularly in the context of the deterrence of Russia. Specifically concerning Lithuania, Germany has sought to portray itself as a defender of national statehood, often by critiquing the USSR and Russia. Tactically, Germany initially attempted to present itself as a protector of Lithuanian independence towards ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... determinants of national development) in the context of Russia, Veniamin Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky [19] described pivotal structures in the country’s space, which he termed ‘colonisation strongholds’. When applied to the issues of the World Ocean and the specifics of today’s maritime-oriented Russia, this approach makes it possible to identify the country’s principal maritime hubs [39]. The growing confrontation between the ‘centres of power’, including in water areas, considerably enhances their ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... who overview transborder relations through the analysis of the partners’ structure. It allows us to examine the range of entities involved in international activities and understand how they relate to each other. This analysis helps us uncover the specific traits of local participants and describe how they communicate with one another.
Materials. The methods of data collection and data themselves should be diverse in order to conduct an informative case study analysis in “a more synergistic and ...
Socio-geographic approach to substantiating economic security boundaries of a border region
... theoretical understanding and development of measures to ensure it. A socio-geographical approach to addressing this issue allows factoring in the regions’ spatial characteristics, in particular, the influence of the border factor. Highlighting the specific functions of border regions that distinguish them from the internal territories of the country, the paper presents a hierarchy of economic security factors. In terms of their content, we consider groups of general and specific factors, while ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... challenges. The EU countries implement their policies following a common European approach. However, this approach assumes a certain degree of autonomy for each country. In addition, the scale and diversity of the countries of the united Europe make the specifics of their foreign and domestic policies natural. The interests of groups of countries that are ‘embedded’ in common interests are de facto the norm in European and global policy. Busygina and Klimovich, well-known Russian Europeanists, proposed ...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... became rector of the University of Königsberg. The verse was made into a song vastly popular in Germany in the 18th—19th century.
3. Sites commemorating landmarks in German history.
There are few surviving monuments in the region that commemorate specific events in the history of the German state. One of them is the memorial stone honouring the 200th anniversary of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was installed in 1901 near the village of Rosenberg (renamed Krasnoflotskoe in 1945, today part of Mamonovo)....
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... the independence of these countries. Agita Šļara and Iveta Druvaskalne have examined the role tourism played when the three states were joining the common European space [2]. Russian geographers focus on international cooperation in tourism and its specific spatial forms, such as transboundary tourist and recreational regions (TTRR). Irina Dragileva, Elena Kropinova, Andrei Manakov and other authors investigate in their works transboundary region building in the Baltic area in terms of tourism and ...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... deliberate distancing from the image of a ‘post-Soviet country’, which might be evoked in the mind of an external observer confronted with the term ‘Baltic States’. Estonian politicians also emphasise that in some respects (sometimes very specific ones, such as popular knowledge of English or internet connection quality), Estonia is not inferior to the Nordic countries. These achievements are opposed to the possible negative associations relating to ‘Soviet legacies’, for example, ...
Geopolitical security of contemporary Russia: essence, structure, fundamentals of monitoring
The article examines the essence of the geopolitical security phenomenon, studies the specifics of the geopolitical security of modern Russia. The main threats and vulnerabilities affecting the current state of Russia’s geopolitical security are highlighted. The author determines necessity, content and structure of the process of monitoring ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... complicates a balanced development of its real sector. Latvia’s monetary policy is attuned to the interests of international capital. The tax system does not seek to remedy disparities in regional development: tax concessions for businesses are industry-specific and pay little attention to the peculiarities of regional development [6]. In the Latgale special economic zone (the town of Rēzekne), international investors into wood- and metalworking and the textile industry get an 80 % reduction on corporate ...
The transformation of the Baltic countries’ political elites: general and specific features
... countries. This article aims to analyse structural and functional changes in the composition of the Baltic political elites after these countries gained independence in the 1990s. The main objective of this research is to reveal the general and the specific in the transformations of Latvian, Lithuanian, and Estonian elites. Changes in the structure of power groups are considered on a sub-regional scale in view of the current Russian-Baltic political interaction. The common and distinctive features ...
Demographic development processes in the history of the Kaliningrad region: national trends and regional specifics
..., it draws on the concepts of demographic and epidemiological transitions. Analysis of statistics and historiography is employed along with the comparative historical method. The migration factor had the leading role in the emergence of the regional specifics of demographic development. Migrants from the regions of the USSR that were deeply involved in demographic modernisation before the war formed the resident population of the Kaliningrad region. The gender and age profile of the migrants ensured ...
Who is the one who uses the human language? On Alexsander Kravchenko's article "Language and the Nature of Humanity")
... i ideal'nye ob"ekty
[Cycles of activity and ideal objects]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Krenke, N. P., 1933—1935.
Fenogeneticheskaya izmenchivost'
[Phenogenetic variability]. Vol. 1. Moscow (in Russ.).
Kudrin, B. I., 2002. Mathematics of cenoses: specific, rank-specific, rank-by-parameter hyperbolic H-distributions and the laws of Lotka, Zipf, Pareto, Mandelbrot.
Filosofskie osnovaniya tekhnetiki. Matematicheskii apparat strukturnogo opisaniya tsenozov i giperbolicheskie N-ogranicheniya. ...
Towards a classification of transboundary tourist and recreation mesoregions in the Baltic region
... regions on the Karelian section of the Russian-finnish border, Balt. Reg., vol. 12, no. 2, p. 140—152. doi:
https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-2-9
.
17. Golomidova, E. S. 2018, Cross-border tourist and recreational micro-region “Narvsky”: the specifics of formation and development prospects, Pskovskij regionologicheskij zhurnal [Pskov Journal of Regional Studies], no. 3 (35), p. 108—115 (In Russ.).
18. Golomidova, E. S. 2020, Prospects for the development of cross-border tourist and recreational ...
Who is Rationalising? On an Overlooked Problem for Kant’s Moral Psychology and Method of Ethics
... opponents could, in turn, charge him with rationalising and some theorists, namely Act-Consequentialists, seem to be in an even stronger position to charge Kant with rationalising than vice versa. In response, I propose standards that do not assume a specific normative theory and that become apparent when we look at clear-cut abuses of rationality. These standards of minimally decent reasoning can help us diagnose rationalising. I develop these standards by looking at inadequate uses of rational capacities ...
Specific ways of creating a northern landscape in H. de Balzac’s “Seraphita”
The article continues a series of author’s works devoted to the study of various types of landscape in the works of French writers of the 19th century. A understudied novel by H. de Balzac “Seraphita” reveals the specific ways of creating the northern landscape. It is determined that Balzac’s landscape does not only create an additional emotional background, affect the perception of the characters of the characters, but also becomes a plot-forming factor. Natural ...
Transport connectivity as a factor in overcoming challenges of the periphery: the case of rural areas in the Kaliningrad region
... life: The experience of studying the example of small villages in the Leningrad region, Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences, 65 (3), p. 468—480.
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2020.304
(in Russ.).
16. Voloshenko, K. Yu. 2004, Specificity and prospects of social development of rural areas in the Kaliningrad region, Regional’nye issledovaniya [Regional Studies], no. 10, p. 15—34 (in Russ.).
17. Gumenyuk, I.S. 2020, Geographic specificity of local mobility of the rural population ...
The Knight of Contemporary Russian Kantiana. On the 85th Birthday of Leonard Kalinnikov
... and A. A. Shiyan, eds. 2018. Transcendental’nyj povorot v sovremennoj filosofii (3): priroda (specifika) transcendental’noj filosofii: tezisy mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo seminara [The Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy (3): the Nature (Specificity) of Transcendental Philosophy. Proceedings of International Seminar]. Moscow: GAUGN Press, pp. 11-13. (In Rus.)
Kalinnikov, L. A., 2018b. A. S. Pushkin i I. Kant. Pojet i filosofija [Pushkin and Kant. The Poet and Philosophy]. Kaliningrad: ...
The terms «clinical recommendations», «clinical guidelines», «diagnostic and treatment protocol»: a comparative analysis of definitions
... “clinical recommendations”, “clinical guidelines”, “diagnostic and treatment protocol”. The article compares the terminological phrases with the keywords “recommendations”, “management” and “protocol”, multicomponent units that name specific varieties of these documents. It was revealed that a large number of syntagmatic connections of the main term and its derivatives (attributive and substantive) explains the coexistence of many derived units, which complicates the professional ...
Phraseological potential of the somatism сердце / cœur / Herz in the Russian, French and German languages
... identification of factors that determine the use of phraseological units in speech. A methodological set for semantic comparative analysis of phraseological units in Russian, French and German makes it possible to identify semantic universals and specific national features of phraseological units, as well as to analyze the linguistic and extralinguistic reasons for the similarities and differences of phraseological units in the studied languages. Component analysis of the studied phraseological ...
Comparative analysis of the epistemological language in translation
... process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts requires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philosophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies in the translation decision-making. The paper aims to apply a cognitive approach to the translation of epistemological terms into the German and English language: Erkenntnis/cognition ...
Peritext of the Russian translation of William Hogarth’s Analysis of Beauty: a case study
Translation of philosophical texts is a special challenge because of specific philosophical idiom and conceptual complexity of the narrative. It is not surprising that such translations are often accompanied by commentaries where the translator steps out of the shadows to justify the translational decisions. This kind ...
Kantian Transcendentalism in Contemporary Philosophical Discussions. Report of the “Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy-3” International Workshop
The review presents the International Workshop “Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy-3: Nature (Specificities) of Transcendental Philosophy” held in Moscow on 19-22 April, 2018. The workshop was co-sponsored by the State Academic University for the Humanities, the Russian State University for the Humanities and the Foundation for the Humanities....