Normal range of liver stiffness measurement in healthy people
The article focuses on normative values of the liver shear wave elastography and comparison of various works in elastography of the international and Russian research. A variety of normal values of liver stiffness during shear wave elastography obtained by different authors when measuring on various devices are presented. The normal range of liver stiffness measurements in healthy people varies widely: the normal liver elasticity ...
Measurement of liver volume using imaging techniques of various modalities
... using percussion and palpation methods has disadvantages associated with the reliability and accuracy of the study, particularly in obese patients. Using formulas based on anthropometric measurements, it is possible to calculate the estimated size of a normal liver. Accurate non-invasive assessment of liver volume of the individual can be performed using imaging techniques. This article describes methods to measure the liver volume using imaging techniques of various modalities (CT, MRI, ultrasound)....
Challenges of the methodological approaches to the measurement and the evaluation of liver size
... size measurement has not become a routine procedure since a reliable and reproducible ultrasound method has not been established so far. The article describes the results of different methods of liver size measurement and as well as variations in the normal size depending on the age of the patient and his/her body type.
1. Бузина А. М. Линейные размеры правой и левой долей печени в возрастном аспекте по данным магнитно-резонансной ...
Normalization of basic structural subbundle of distribution in second order differential neighborhood
Norden inner normalization fields of basic structural subbundle of hyperband distribution are constructed in second order differential neighborhood of affine space. It is showed that first order normal (L-virual affine normal, Blashke normal, Trenson normal) corresponding ...
Assessment of the CNS function in fetuses with different pathology
... (KANET). The research evaluated the functional state of the central nervous system of fetuses with different pathologies. The authors describe a number of assessments including the intrauterine development of the central nervous system of fetuses during normal gestation; the intrauterine development of the central nervous system in the presence of somatic pathology of the fetus, revealed by screening ultrasound; and the intrauterine functioning of the nervous system in the presence of an abnormality ...
Normal generalized affine connection associated with the Grassman-like manifold of centred planes
In projective space a Grassman-like manifold of centred planes is considered. The normal affine connection, associated with the manifold, is set in generalized fibering. Field of the affine connection object defines torsion and curvature tensors contained one elementary and one simple subtensor every. A canonical case of normal generalized ...
A semicanonical normal affine connection associated with the distribution
In manydimensional projective space distribution of planes is considered. The way of giving normal generalized affine connection associated with the distribution is proposed. It is shown that this connection is given by connection tensor and normal linear connection object. They define its curvature and torsion tensors. Semicanonical case is ...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
The nonparametric method of dynamic data envelopment analysis (DDEA) has become increasingly popular for conducting comparative efficiency evaluations. In recent years,
dynamic data envelopment analysis (DDEA), a variant of this method, has gained significant attention. This article applies dynamic analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions. Traditional input variables such as the number of research staff and R&D expenditure are considered, while publication and...
Breakthrough in Chinese Kant Scholarship. Interview with Prof. Deng Xiaomang
... zhexue de dangdai yiyi [The Significance of Kantian Philosophy Today]. In: D. Xiaomang, 2006. 康德哲学讲演录 Kangde zhexue jiangyanlu [Lectures on Kantian Philosophy]. Guilin: 广西师范大学出版社 Guangxi shifan daxue chubanshe [Guangxi Normal University Press], pp. 222-226.
Deng, X., 2007. 中西文化比较十一讲 Zhong Xi wenhua bijiao shiyi jiang [Eleven Lectures on Cultural Comparison between China and the West]. Changsha: 湖南教育出版社 Hunan jiaoyu chubanshe [Hunan Educational ...
Fetal behavior and the prediction of neuropsychiatric development
... development and maturation of the central nervous system. The 2D-4D ultrasound makes it possible to identify measurable parameters for assessing the neurological and behavioural development ofthe fetus. Multicentre studies were performed to identify normal and abnormal movements of the fetus. Having analysed the obtained data, the authorspropose a set of criteria for assessing the fetus neurological behaviour, allowing clinicians to better predict neurological outcome of a high-risk pregnancy.
...
Cytokine-induced regulation of maturation, differentiation, and apoptotic death of immune memory T-lymphocytes
To maintain the normal state of the immune system, the processes of cell proliferation must be strictly regulated and balanced by the processes of apoptotic death to prevent the development of autoimmune and neoplastic reactions. T-lymphocytes of immune memory are under ...
Lifestyles of Kaliningrad youth
... Five style groups are identified: the party people who prefer to spend their free time in bars and clubs; the hipsters who frequent theatres and lecture halls, whilst being staunch upholders of the consumerist culture promoted via social media; the ‘normal’ young people choosing physical exercise and standard weekend leisure activities; the young adults combining Soviet leisure heritage with creative and do-it-yourself practices; the homebodies opting for stay-at-home entertainment. Drawing on ...
Language and the nature of humanness. Invitation to a discussion
... the reader to contemplate what impedes further development of language science which is currently in a state of stagnation. This crisis is caused by the inadequate methodology used in linguistic research. It defines the paradigm of so-called ‘normal’ science, which suppresses innovation. The dualistic philosophy of external realism continues to be the epistemological foundation of ‘normal’ linguistics, and neither mainstream cognitive science nor cognitive linguistics has been able ...
Treatment of peptic ulcer of gastroenteroanastomosis complicated by ongoing bleeding. Practical observation
... reconstructing the inter-intestinal anastomoses. The applied technique made it possible to avoid post-surgery complications. The control examination for a period of more than a year showed the absence of a relapse of the disease, the restoration of normal nutrition and normal indicators of the physical methods of patient examination.
Lyubivyy E. D., Kim V. L., Lyudovskikh I. V., Evtikhov A. V.
complications after gastric resection, surgical treatment of postgastroresection syndrome,...
Physical foundations of liver elastography
... JSUM ultrasound elastography practice guidelines: basics and terminology // J Med Ultrason. 2013. Vol. 40 (4). P. 325—357. doi: 10.1007/s10396-013- 0490-z.
Dong Y., Sirli R., Ferraioli G. et al. Shear wave elastography of the liver — review on normal values // Z Gastroenterol. 2017. Vol. 55 (2). P. 153—166. doi: 10.1055/
s-0042-117226.
Bavu E., Gennisson J. L., Couade M. et al. Noninvasive in vivo liver fibrosis evaluation using supersonic shear imaging: a clinical study on 113 hepatitis ...
Normalization of the basic structural subbundles of the H(, L)-distribution of affine space
... class of the grouped hyperplane distributions — the H(, L)-distribution of affine space. He introduces Bompiani — Pantazi correspondences associated with the main structural subbundles of the H(, L)-distribution of affine space. Norden’s normalizations of the main structural subbundles in the differential 1st and 2nd order neighbourhoods of H(, L)-distribution are constructed.
1. Попов Ю. И. Скомпонованные гиперплоскостные распределения ...
A Grouped Hyperplane Distribution of an Affine Space
In this article, I determine the grouped hyperplane distribution of the affine space An (SH-distribution) and prove the relevant existence theorem. I perform internal normalizations of the main structural subbundles of the SH-distribution in first and second-order differential neighbourhoods. Normal and tangent affine connections of the main structural subbundles of the SH-distribution are introduced.
1. Попов ...
Introduction of connections on a hypersurface ()
The paper introduces internal affine (tangent) and normal (centroprojective) connections on normalized (Norden’s framed) hypersurface n-1() Pn in its various subbundles. Coverages of the corresponding curvature 2 forms and curvature tensors of its connections are given.
Popov Yu. I.
...
Normal connections of the L-subbundle of a strongly mutual distribution of the projective space
... has an appearance X r Mm Hn1, where r m n 1. This class is characterized by the fact that the pairs (, ), (L, ), (M, E) of the main structural subbundles of this threefold distribution are mutual. Invariant dual normal connections induced in bundles of the 1st and 2nd kind normals of the L-subbundle of this VH -distribution are examined.
1. Попов Ю. И. Сильно взаимные трехсоставные распределения проективного ...
The curvature object of the fundamental-group connection of the second-order
The special class of (-framed) hypersurfaces of the projective space Pn — is defined, and its existence theorem is proved. In the differential 3rd order neighbourhood: (a) Norden–Timofeyev's normalization of the hypersurface; (b) two Norden's normalizations of the tangent -subbundle; (c) in each L-plane three one-parameter sheaves of its Norden's 2nd kind normals–are constructed internally invariantly.
1. Лаптев Г. Ф. Дифференциальная ...
About fields of geometrical objects of the H -distribution of the affine space
A creation of geometric objects of the hyperband distribution (H -distribution) of affine space An in the differential 1–3rd orders neighborhoods is continued. As a result a number of new normalization in Norden's sense of the main structural subbundles of this H -distribution are constructed (are found) internally invariantly.
1. Попов Ю. И. Поля геометрических объектов гиперполосного ...
About one algorithm of calculation of inverses in finite fields
... Frey. Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2006.
2. Handbook of finite Fields / Scientific editors, Gary L. Mullen, Daniel Panario. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
3. Itoh T., Tsujii S. A fast algorithm for computing multiplicative inverses in GF(2m) using normal bases, Inform. and Comput. 1988. Vol. 78. P. 171—177.
4. Jungnickel D. Finite fields: Structure and Arithmetics. Mannheim ; Leipzig ; Wien ; Zürich, 1993.
5. Lidl R., Niederreiter H. Finite fields (Second edition). Cambridge University Press,...
KANET: application in ultrasonography and challenges of protocoling
KANET is an abbreviation that stands for Kurjak Antenatal Neurobehavioral Test, the test of antenatal neurologic development proposed by A. Kurjak. KANET is widely used for the differentiated assessment of the fetus during a normal and high-risk pregnancy. The test helps to identify antenatal deviations in the development of the central nervous system of the fetus. The authors describe their experience of doing the test and offer a new technique of the KANET automated protocoling....
The concept of paradigm in the theories of R. Merton and T. Kuhn: A comparative analysis
... Kuhn’s approaches to the concept of paradigm. Whereas Merton identifies the function of a paradigm in analysing data obtained within a social study, Kuhn considers a paradigm as a key notion at a certain stage of the development of science – that of normal science. It is stressed that, despite differences in approaches, the theories do not contradict but rather complement each other.
1. Mamedov A. K., Rybakova V. V. Scientific problem as a factor of science development // Science and Education: ...
Introduction to a theory of regular hyperband distribution of an affine space
Regular hyperband distribution of an affine space (H-distribution) is given and its existence theorem is proved. Conditions of holonomic H-distribution is determined and Bompiani—Pantazi bijection between the first kind normal and the second one for associated with H-distribution H-, Λ- and L-subbundle is introduced.
1. Остиану Н. М. Распределение гиперплоскостных элементов в проективном пространстве ...
Normalizations of hyperband
... existence theorem for hyperband m n SH A which carrier conjugated system (; * ) of planar elements are examined: the tangent subbundle of (; * ) -planes (-subbundle) and the tangent subbundle of lines (* -subbundle). Internal beams of normalizations of hyperband m SH and its tangent subbundles in the second-order differential neighborhood are constructed.
1. Вагнер В. В. Теория поля локальных гиперполос // Тр. семинара по векторному ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... of these relations highlight a strong connection between Lithuania and Germany, which limits Germany’s opportunities in other areas, particularly in the utilization of the expanding Bundeswehr (Table 2), as well as its potential role in the future normalization of relations between the West and Russia. Overcoming this dependence is challenging for Germany, as its dialogue with Lithuania remains a key element in its relations with the Baltic states as a whole. This is evident in the location of ...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
... was not directly related to the potential risk of real exit of all foreign firms.
An integrated index based on the six indicators was compiled (Table 1) to understand the degree of exposure of regional economies to sanctions risks. All indicators were normalized using the linear scaling method (max.-min.) and summed up with equal weights, that is, they are assumed to be equivalent. For verification purposes, the author compared different index construction methods (with different weights and summation ...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... of higher education institutions presents the data by individual universities, which requires their aggregation by region (for absolute indicators) or calculation based on the weighted average (for relative indicators).
The values of the indices were normalized using the following formula:
Kij =
kij – kmin
,
kmax – kmin
where Kij is the normalized value of the i-th indicator for the j-th region; kij is the value of the i-th indicator for the j-th region; kmin and kmax are the minimum and maximum ...
International political status of an observer state to the EAEU: problems and prospects of institutionalization
... deepening integration; b) expanding the integration space through the advancement of contractual policies. The list of potential future observer states within the EAEU is small: China, Vietnam, Iran, Serbia, and Singapore. As Armenian-Azerbaijani relations normalize and Uzbekistan progresses in integration, Azerbaijan and Tajikistan may potentially attain similar status.
Radonezhskaja O.N.
EAEU, observer state, Eurasian integration, Moldova, Cuba, Uzbekistan, position analysis
96-113
10.5922/sikbfu-2023-4-9
Problems of transliteration and translation of Kazakh geographical names
... S., 2014. Language planning in Kazakhstan: The case of ergonyms as another scene of linguistic landscape of Astana. Language Problems and Language Planning, 38 (1), pp. 42—57,
https://doi.org/10.1075/
lplp.38.1.03akz.
Dambuev, I. A., 2016. Normalization of toponyms in the Republic of Buryatia. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser.: Lingvistika i mezhkul'turnaya kommunikatsiya [NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication], 14 (2), pp. 13—20 (in ...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... can serve as a compensatory tool they can use to promote cooperation.
The impact of digitalization on the integration functions of the Russian regions
Since the distribution of quantitative indices (Table 2) for the Russian regions differs from the normal one, the direction and tightness of the paired correlation between them were estimated using the Spearman Rank correlation coefficient. The analysis results identify four pairs of indices with a very tight correlation on the Chaddock’s scale ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... prospects for possible ties between Russia and the Visegrad group look comparatively more attractive. Two aspects could be of practical interest. Given the annual rotating presidency of the member countries in the V4, the presiding country could include the normalization of relations with Russia in its agenda. For example, Hungary could put forward this idea. The reaction of other member countries and the discussion between them could highlight the advisability of Russia’s turning to the V4. The second ...
The peaks and troughs of Russian-Estonian relations
The world is witnessing the most profound changes of recent decades: a severe economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and the bitter confrontation between Russia and the West, to name a few. At the core of Russia’s foreign policy is indubitably the conflict with the West, centred around Ukraine. The member states of the EU and NATO that share a border with Russia adopted the most hard-line position, and Russia’s relations with its western neighbours have always been strained....
Development of municipal districts in Saint Petersburg over the last decade: an economic and spatial analysis
The article analyses economic and spatial indicators to produce a typology of the economic development levels of St. Petersburg municipal districts. To normalise the city’s development, it is vital to understand which territories have contributed more to the process and which have inhibited it. It is also essential to analyse the principal economic indicators of each municipal district and assess transport accessibility, street activity and transit. The study demonstrates the connection between...
Analysing the dynamics of the Baltic States’s production linkages with Russia
... in Input-Output Production Networks: how to deal with Brexit, MPRA Paper, № 92835, URL:
https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/92835/
(accessed 22.09.2021).
27. Hoekman, B. 2015, Trade and growth — end of an era? In: The Global Trade Slowdown: A New Normal? CEPR, London, р. 3—19, URL:
https://voxeu.org/sites/default/files/file/Global%20Trade%20Slowdown_nocover.pdf
(accessed 22.09.2021).
28. Constantinescu, C., Mattoo, A., Ruta, M. 2015, The Global Trade Slowdown: Cyclical or Structural? IMF Working ...
Сorrelation of the oral and the written in topolect poetry
... dialects in a kind of multilingualism that is characterized by the distribution of functions between idioms. The analysis of the poetic tradition of topolects makes it possible to reveal some general patterns of text functioning for the texts on de facto normalized, but not subjected to strict standardization, semi-autonomous idioms. Different modes of correlating the oral and the written in these texts come in direct connection with the practice of recitation and other forms of the auditory existence ...
English as a lingua franca — a paradigm shift for Translation and Interpreting
... Translators, interpreters, and other multilinguals. In: M. Albl-Mikasa and J. House, eds.
English as a Lingua Franca and Translation & Interpreting
. Special Issue of JELF, 9 (1), pp. 217—238.
Firth, A., 1996. The discursive accomplishment of normality. On “lingua franca” English and conversation analysis.
Journal of Pragmatics,
26, pp. 237—259.
Gile, D., 2009.
Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training
. 2nd ed. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: J. Benjamins.
Gile, ...