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... unify both areas of law. Such unification will not only facilitate legal relations within the European Union but also enhance legal relations with third countries. 1. Convention on Jurisdiction and the Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters, 1972, OJ L, no 299, p. 32. 2. Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations of 1980, consolidated version, 1998, OJ C, no 27, p. 34. 3. Treaty on European Union, 2010, OJ C, no 83, vol. 53, p. 13. 4. Treaty on the Functioning of ...

The study of suspended particulate matter in the southeastern Baltic Sea is motivated both by human-induced impact and by the natural features of the Baltic Sea, namely, the high levels of eutrophication and complicated sedimentation conditions. The study area is human-occupied, which ...

... sensitive ma­rine area which includes recreation areas, natural heritage sites, construction sites and zones of both abrasion and accumulation. Thus, it requires monitor­ing and control of core environmental indicators such as suspended particu­late matter concentration. The research focused on the suspended matter transport from the main source area, which included both human-made and natural suspended matter inputs. Directions of particles transport for surface and bottom layer were discovered ...

This article considers particular problems of cooperation on criminal matters in the European Union using the example of the European Arrest Warrant and European Evidence Warrant. 1.  Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, consolidated version // Offi­cial Journal. C 115. 9.5.2008. 2.  Presidency Conclusions,...

The spatial and temporal distribution of suspended matter in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea was studied in the context of the transition from oxygenated to anoxic conditions. Semi-enclosed water bodies, such as the shallow Baltic Sea, play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Carbon-containing ...

... universiteta [Bulletin of the Perm University], no. 6, pp. 46—54. 2. Benavides, L. G., Arredodo, V. 1992, K novoj paradigme planirovanija obrazovanija [Towards a new paradigm of education planning], Perspektivy. Voprosy obrazovanija [Prospects. Education Matters], Vol. 77, no. ½, pp. 123—136. 3. Bolonskaja deklaracija. Zona evropejskogo vysshego obrazovanija. Sovmestnoe zajavlenie evropejskih ministrov obrazovanija. g. Bolon'ja, 19 ijunja 1999 goda [The Bologna Declaration. European Higher Education ...

... org/10.3390/biom11020265. Chebanov, S. V., 1999. Biohermeneutics and hermeneutics of biology. Semiotica , 127 (1—4), pp. 215—226. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/semi.1999.127.1-4.215 . Deacon, T., 2011. Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter . New York: W. W. Norton & Company. Eigen, M., 1971. Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological mac­romolecules. Naturwissenschaften , 58, pp. 465—523. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF00623322. Hoffmann, G. W., 1975. The stochastic ...

... J., 2014. Signs Without Minds. In: V. Romanini and E. Fernández, eds. Peirce and Biosemiotics. Biosemiotics . Vol. 11, pp. 189—197, https://doi.org/10.1007/ 978-94-007-7732-3_10. Deacon, T. W., 2011. Incomplete nature: How mind emerged from matter . New York. Deacon, T. W., 2021. How Molecules Became Signs. Biosemiotics , 14, pp. 537—559, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-021-09453-9 . Habermas, J., 1995. Peirce and communication. In: K. L. Ketner, ed. Peirce and con­temporary thought: ...

... structure and give a brief summary of the dissertation, look at the history of its writing and try to identify the place of this work among Kant’s other papers on natural philosophy. I then demonstrate that Kant’s concept of ether as an elastic matter of fire, heat and light containing the forces of attraction and repulsion originates in the dissertation On Fire. I identify the provisions in Kant’s early works which he later develops in the Master’s dissertation and establish continuity ...

... 135—151, https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2018-0080. Kull, K., 1998. Organism as a self-reading text: anticipation and semiosis. Interna¬tio¬nal Journal of Computing Anticipatory Systems, 1, pp. 93—104. Küppers, B. O., 2023. The language of living matter. How molecules acquire mea¬ning. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80319-3. Lotman, Y., 1990. Universe of the Mind: A semiotic theory of culture. Tauris; Lon-don; New York. Markoš, A., 2002. Readers of the Book of Life: contextualizing developmental ...

... 2014. What can be called visual semiotics? ΠΡΑΞΗΜΑ. Problemy vizual'noi semiotiki [Praxema], 1, pp. 10—22 (in Russ.). Backhaus, P., 2007. Linguistic Landscapes: A Comparative Study of Urban Multilin­gualism in Tokyo. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Blommaert, J., 2013. Ethnography, Superdiversity and Linguistic Landscapes: Chronicles of Complexity. Ser.: Critical Language and Literacy Studies. Vol. 18. Bristol; Buffalo and Toronto: Multilingual Matters, Сhernyavskaya, V. E., 2020a. Metapragmatics: ...

... Samfundslitteratur Press, pp. 167—189. Muñoz Martín, R., 2010. On paradigms and cognitive translatology. In: G. M. Shre­ve and E. Angelone (eds.). Translation and Cognition. Amsterdam: John Benja­mins, pp. 169—187. Muñoz Martín, R., 2012. Just a matter of scope. Mental load in translation process research. Translation Spaces, 1, pp. 169—178. Muñoz Martín, R. (ed.), 2016a. Reembedding Translation Process Research. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Muñoz Martín, R., 2016b. Processes of what models?...

... Metaphysics of Morals: Critical Essays. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 105-132. Overall, C., 2012. Why Have Children? The Ethical Debate. Cambridge: MIT Press. Parfit, D., 1984. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon. Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Puls, H., 2016. Kant’s Justification of Parental Duties. Kantian Review, 21(1), pp. 53-75. Rumbaugh, D. and Washburn, D., 2003. Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings. New Haven: Yale University ...

... Erkenntnisproblem in der Philosophie und Wissenschaft der neueren Zeit. In: E. Cassirer, 1999. Gesammelte Werke. 3.2. Hg. von B. Recki. Hamburg: Meiner. Euler, L., 1746a. A solution to the problem of whether or not the faculty of thought can be attributed to matter, based on principles of mechanics. Übersetzt von J. McAlhany, 2018. Available at: The Euler Archive < ">https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=0&amp;article=1089&amp;con... ; (accessed 6 December 2021)....

... Anthropological View. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Fehige, Y. and Stuart, M. T., 2014. On the Origins of the Philosophy of Thought Experiments: The Forerun. Perspectives on Science, 22(2), pp. 179-220. Hacker, P. M. S., 2013. Kant and Wittgenstein: The Matter of Transcendental Arguments. In: N. Venturinha, ed. 2013. The Textual Genesis of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. New York: Routledge, pp. 120-134. Hanna, R., 2017. Wittgenstein and Kantianism. In: H. J. Glock & J. Hyman, eds. 2017....

... century scholasticism that are used to demarcate formal and material consequences. The first approach (e. g., John Buridan, Albert of Saxony, Marsilius of Inghen) holds that a consequence is formal if it is valid — because of its form only — for any matter. Since the matter of a consequence is linked to categorematic terms, its formal validity is defined as being invariant under substitutions for such terms. According to the second approach (e. g., Richard Billingham, Robert Fland, Ralph Strode,...

... second deals with his critic of fundamental grounds of dominant contemporary pedagogical system. The major Natorp’s objection was directed against positioning psychology at the basis of a pedagogical theory. In principle this point of critique was matter of continuation of much broader debate between Neo- Kantianism and Positivism which for this time took place on pedagogical “territory”. In addition to ethics and psychology Natorp proposes to broaden theoretical ground of pedagogy by adding ...

... the monarch’s authority — the monarch must not dispense justice or rule in a way that is demeaning to his or her greatness. Moreover, the section covers the problem of the rights and obligations of the monarch and his or her subjects in religious matters. This problem was crucial to the Enlightenment. Kant’s deliberations on the issue include a long prehistory of formulating the concept of religious tolerance and modelling relations between the state and different confessions, based on the rules ...

... inferences (i. e. the syllogistic moods in the three figures) shifts focus from the schematic to dynamic model of formality. Secondly, the author assesses the logical hylomorphism of Alexander of Aphrodisias, who connected it with metaphysical form vs. matter dichotomy. Thirdly, it is argued that Kant’s transcendental logic is a logic in the formal sense. Whereas general logic is concerned merely with constitutive rules of inference, transcendental logic is concerned with regulative rules aimed at ...

... naturalistic interpretation of the constitutive act for this kind of law, the legal deduction of marriage comes in a desperate contradiction with Kant’s ethics of personal dignity, because it seems to lead to a mutual instrumentalization of persons; as a matter of fact, Kant's deduction of marriage rules out the possibility of mutual personal obligations of family members. The naturalistic premise of Kant's family law, provenient from the ancient Roman property law, is as follows: marriage is mutual possession ...

... mutual interaction, and their cooperation is currently among the most productive in the post-Soviet era. Russian influence remains a priority in Central Asia, though China's role in the region is also substantial. While the Russian Federation leads in matters of security and military-technical cooperation, China dominates in the economic sphere. The aim of this study is to examine the role of Russia and the Central Asian states in the process of forming a new world order. The methodological foundation ...

It is a matter of scholarly consensus that legal doctrine has significantly influenced the development of law — at least within the Romano-Germanic (continental) legal tradition. However, the mechanisms through which doctrine exerts its law-shaping influence ...

... expanding sphere of effective meaning-making is no longer reducible to practices and analytical rules of working with discrete signs. This requires their methodological and terminological distinction. Accordingly, the study of extended semiosis becomes a matter of emerging semiosics, and the principles and rules of combining discrete signs into complete statements become familiar semiotics. A similar need has emerged in contemporary linguistics: the need to distinguish between the expanded use of linguistic ...

... concept of logical penalists allows us to illustrate the idea that disputes are possible due not to the differences in opinions among humans, but to the variety of ways to justify them. Bentem, J. van., 2011. Logic and reasoning: how much do facts matter? Voprosy Filosofii [Problems of Philosophy], 12, pp. 67—84 (in Russ.). Boghossian, P. and Williamson, T., 2003. Blind Reasoning. Proceedings of the Aris­totelian Society , 77 (1), pp. 225—248. Byrne, R. M., 1989. Suppressing valid inferences ...

... L., 2013. Kritika i obosnovanie spravedlivosti: Ocherki sot­siologii gradov [De la justification: Les economies de la grandeur]. Translated by O. V. Koveneva. Moscow, 576 p. (in Russ.). Deacon, T. W., 2011. Incomplete nature: How mind emerged from matter. New York. Deacon, T. W., 2021. How Molecules Became Signs. Biosemiotics, 14, pp. 537—559, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-021-09453-9 . Dridze, T. M., 1984. Tekstovaya deyatel'nost' v strukture sotsial'noi kommunikatsii. Prob­lemy semiosotsiopsikhologii ...

... Beloglazova, Ye. V., 2010. Polydiscursivity in the context of ideas about discur­sive heterogeneity. In: Aktual'nye problemy sovremennoi lingvistiki [Actual problems of modern linguistics]. Vol. 2, рр. 105—111 (in Russ.). Bruno, G., 2014. Surfaces matters of aesthetics, materiality, and media. Chicago: Uni­versity of Chicago Press. Busareva, S., 2021. The search for new means of significance in the Digital Age. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie [New Literary Review], 167, pp. 235—243 (in Russ....

... Social Science Disciplines], 4 (in print) (in Russ.). Weingarten-Gabbay, S. and Segal, E., 2014. The grammar of transcriptional regulation. Human Genetics , 133 (6), pp. 701—711, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-013-1413-1 . Zolyan, S., 2022. From matter to form: the evolution of the genetic code as semio-poiesis. Semiotica , 245, pp. 17—61, https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2020-0088 . Zolyan, S., 2023. On the minimal elements of the genetic code and their semiotic functions (degeneracy, complementarity,...

... External realism and biology of cognition: the episte­mo­logical turn. In: E. I. Pivovar, ed. Gumanitarnye chteniya RGGU — 2014 [The RGGU readings in the humanities — 2014]. Moscow, pp. 697—709 (in Russ.). Kravchenko, A. V., 2015b. On the subject matter of linguistics. In: Language and thought: Contemporary cognitive linguistics. Moscow, pp. 155—172 (in Russ.). Kravchenko, A. V., 2016. Language as human ecology: A new agenda for linguis­tic education. New Ideas in Psychology , 42, pp. 14—20....

... , 16(2—3), pp. 237—256. Wakabayashi, J., 2019b. Japanese Conceptualizations of Translation. In: Y. Gam­bier and U. Stecconi, eds. A World Atlas of Translation. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: J. Benjamins, pp. 55—80. Wakabayashi, J., 2019c. Time Matters. Chronotopos, 1, pp. 22—39. Wakabayashi, J., 2019d. Digital approaches to translation history. Translation and Interpreting , 11 (2), pp. 132—145. Wenjing, Z. and Guosheng, Y., 2021. Using Corpora to Trace the Cross-Cultural Mediation of ...

... epistemological terms and attempts to analyse cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning in the translation process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts re­quires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philo­sophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies in the translation decision-making. The paper aims to apply ...

... [Confessions of St. Au­gustine]. Moscow (in Russ.). Auletta, G., 2011. Cognitive Biology: Dealing with information from bacteria to minds. Oxford. Bedny, G. and Karwowski, W., 2007. A Systemic-Structural Theory of Activity. Boca Raton, FL. Bergson, H., 2004. Matter and Memory. New York. Bernstein, N. A., 1990. Fiziologiya dvizhenii i aktivnost' [Physiology of Movement and Activity]. Moscow (in Russ.). Bridgman, P. W., 1958. The Logic of Modern Physics. Vol. 3. New York. Chomsky, N., 1975. Reflections on Language....

... Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Chelyabinsk State University Bulletin], 2(2), pp. 119—128 (in Russ.). Strigalev, A. A., 1995. Vassily Kamensky’s Paintings, “Poem-Paintings,” and “Fer­roconcrete Poems”. Voprosy iskusstvoznaniya [The Matters of Art], 1—2, pp. 505—353 (in Russ.). Terekhina, V. N., 2009. “We are the Only Face of Present Times”. In: V. N. Te­re­khina, A. P. Zimenkov, eds. Russkii futurizm. Stikhi. Stat'i. Vospominaniya [Russian Fu­tu­rism. Poetry. Articles....

... J. eds., 2017. Translation in times of tech­nocapitalism. Special issue. Target: International Journal of Translation Studies, 29(2). Baumgarten, S. and Cornellà-Detrell, J. eds., 2019. Translation and Global Spaces of Power. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Broad, E., 2018. Made by Humans. The AI Condition. Victoria: Melbourne Universi­ty Press. Brügger, N. and Milligan, I. eds., 2019. The SAGE Handbook of Web History. Lon­don: SAGE Publications Ltd. Buckland, M., 2017. Information and Society....

... translation. Amsterdam and Philadelph­ia: John Benjamins. Trosborg, A., 2002. Discourse Analysis as Part of Translator Training. In: C. Schäff­ner, ed. The role of discourse analysis for translation and translator training, Cleve­don: Multilingual Matters. pp. 9—52. van Dijk, T. A., 1997. The Study of Discourse. In: T. A. van Dijk, ed. Discourse Stu­dies. A multidisciplinary introduction, London: Sage. Vol. 1: Discourse as Structure and Process. pp. 1—34. van Dijk, T. A., 2008. Discourse and ...

..., and Distribution. Am­sterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Pym, A., 2004b. “Propositions on cross-cultural communication and translation”. Target, 16(1), pp. 1—28. Schäffner, C., ed., 1999. Translation and Norms. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Sengupta, M., 1990. “Translation, Colonialism and Poetics: Rabindranath Tagore in Two Worlds”. Translation, History and Culture. London and New York: Pinter. Solum, K., 2017. “Translators, editors, publishers, and critics: Multiple translator­ship ...

Ambiguity implies that there are at least two distinct senses ascribed to one sign. It is in­herent to language and speech. In this article, I reflect on the types of ambiguity, its typology, production and effect and propose an algorithm for tackling ambiguity in translation. I posit that the choice of a translation strategy and the need for disambiguation in general depend on the type of ambiguity, its sources and character, i. e. whether ambiguity is intended or not. Intended ambiguity occurs...

... Bidoli, ed. Interpreting across Genres: Multiple Research Perspectives. Trieste: EUT. pp. 152—170. Wallmach, K., 2000. Examining simultaneous interpreting norms and strategies in a South African legislative context: A pilot corpus analysis. Language Matters, 31(1), pp. 198—221. Wang, B., 2012. Interpreting strategies in real-life interpreting: Corpus-based description of seven professional interpreters’ performance. Translation Journal, 16(2). Available at: http://translationjournal . net/journal/60interpreting....

... ontological assumptions about the object of study. Four major areas are outlined: linguistic, cultural, cognitive and sociological. Connections between them are briefly dis­cussed, but the main tendency has been one of fragmentation. Perhaps this does not matter? Abdallah, K., 2012. Translators in Production Networks. Reflections on agency, quality and ethics. Joensuu: Publications of the University of Eastern Finland. Arrojo, R., 2002. Lessons learned from Babel. Target, 14 (1), pp. 137—143. Bartsch,...

... whole scope of local history. The ‘History of West Russia: The Kaliningrad Region’, a secondary school discipline taught since 2006, presents an interesting case. The subject of the Kaliningrad regional history has no single definition since it is a matter of politics rather than historiography. The inability to produce such a definition stems from the uniqueness of the region’s geographical position and history. The region’s history was used extensively in the Soviet time for political and ideological ...

... article is dedicated to Nikolai Karamzin, a historian and a major public figure of imperial Russia. His various achievements make him a figure of lasting significance and continuing interest. The subject of the research is N. M. Karamzin’s views on the matters of public education and of ideological and family upbringing in the late 18th — early 19th-century Russia. Special attention is paid to N. M. Karamzin’s various political essays that addressed the country's educational problems. Another focus ...

... determinative power of judgment; doing so, I establish the connection between the qualitative interpretation of phenomenal experience and the aesthetic principle of the reflective power of judgment. I conclude that conscious experience as a subject matter of research is a hybrid object, and only the project of “nonmodern” science will make it possible to create a relevant theory of consciousness that does not resort to reduction. Chalmers, D., 2015. Soznayushchiy um: V poiskakh fundamental’noy ...

... immanence. Agamben, G., 1999. Absolute Immanence. In: D. Heller-Roazen, ed. 1999. Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 220-242. Barad, K., 2018. Agent Realism. How Material-Discursive Practices Matter. Opyty nechelovecheskogo gostepriimstva: Antologiya [Experiences of Inhuman Hospitality: Anthology]. Moscow: V-A-C, pp. 42-121. (In Rus.) Blinov, E., 2020. The Shock of a Radical Novelty: Early Deleuze and The Gaps of Sense. Logos, 4, pp. 63-85....

... it Mean not to Treat Someone as an End? In: C. Horn and R. dos Santos, eds. 2022. Kant’s Theory of Value. Berlin: de Gruyter, pp. 89-104. O’Neill, O., 1989. Constructions of Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters. Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rawls, J., 2000. Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy. Edited by B. Herman. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Sensen, O., 2021. How to Treat Someone with Respect. In: R. Dean and O. Sensen,...

... conditioned to conditions) into a systematic one (from the unconditional to the conditioned). I show that the concept of intellectual intuition developed in The System is based on Kant’s distinction of two aspects of the transcendental ideal (the matter of determination and the ground of determination). In conclusion, using the example of the beginning of the ‘first epoch’ of the theoretical part of The System which explores the sensation and its link with the thing-in-itself, I explain how ...