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• Profitability and return on investment in urban areas

  This article examines the correlation between investment and a high cost of land in the region. The author presents an approach to calculating returns on investment based on a corresponding model. Special attention is paid to analysing the nature of investment in certain parcels of land. The article ...

• The modelling of investment and current costs in investment project evaluation using spreadsheet tables

  This article focuses on the calculation of investment and current costs of an investment project. The structure of calculations and approaches to their classification are described. Recommendations on organizing calculations of investment and current costs of investment project calculations in ...

• Legal guarantees for international investment according to the legislation of the Russian Federation

  This article analyses the notion and system of legal guarantees ensured by the foreign investments legislation, reviews its general feature, and focuses on the national regime for foreign investors,. The author draws a conclusion that the existing system of special guarantees for foreign investors is neither effective nor prudent. 1. Farkhutdinov,...

• Motivations of Russian firms to invest abroad: how do sanctions affect Russia’s outward foreign direct investment?

  In 2013, Russia’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) soared and the OFDI stock exceeded $ 500 billion. However, a year later, Russia’s OFDI dropped by nearly 15 per cent. Rapid upward and downward swings make it necessary to analyze the motivation of Russian firms to invest abroad as ...

• The organisational and economic mechanism for attracting direct foreign investment at the regional level

  This article considers the aspects of foreign investment in the region on the basis of a study into the dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI) and their role in regional economy. The author proposes a model of regional development concept based on FDI attraction. 1. Официальный ...

• Minimising Investment Risks Through Optimising Public-Private Partnership: The Case of the Kaliningrad Region

  This study undertakes a contextual analysis of economic and legal risks associated with investment in the Kaliningrad region. The authors emphasise the importance of public-private partnership (PPP) in minimising such risks in order to enhance the region’s attractiveness and to solve development problems. PPP has never been studied as ...

• Transborder corporate integration in the Baltic Sea Region

  The paper examines flows of foreign direct investment within the Baltic region. The author demonstrates close investment ties among the EU members, which are of special importance for Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Transborder corporate integration in the region is characterized by significant ...

• The Role of Public Companies in Creating a Platform for Economic Growth in Saint Petersburg

  Saint Petersburg has a special mission in delivering national development priorities, ensuring sustainable economic growth, and commercializing R&D. This necessitates research on the situation in the corporate sector, including investment potential and propensity to invest. The authors estimate the readiness of Saint Petersburg public companies to employ investment tools in delivering development strategies, which determine to a large extent the competitiveness of the city’s ...

• Fiscal policies stimulating private investment in the Special Economic Zone in the Kaliningrad region

  The authors explore incentive mechanisms of stimulating private investment as it is reflected in the law on the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in the Kaliningrad region. Statistics accumulated during the validity period of the law, allows the author to analyze the situation and to draw conclusions about the specificity ...

• Framework for the Analysis of Geography of Transnational Corporations Investments Abroad

  This article develops a methodology for studying the geography of companies — an area of human geography that remains understudied in Russia. The authors refer to foreign direct investment (FDI) studies to stress the importance of analysing individual transnational corporations. Special attention is paid to FDI statistics, including international statistics provided by IMF, OECD, and UNCTAD, the official data of central banks ...

• Opportunities and Challenges of Large Investment Projects in the New Economy: the Port of Ust-Luga

  The aim of this study is to search for a mechanism for implementing large investment projects of crucial economic importance in the modern economic conditions characterized by the sanction policy of foreign states, limited public investment, and a mass exodus of foreign investors. An example of a large-scale investment project ...

• The special legal treatment of investment activity in the Kaliningrad region

  This article offers an analysis of the basic issues of introduction of special legal treatment of investment activity in the Kaliningrad region, describes the main features of investment treatment, and identifies several problems relating to the improvement of legislation and legal practices in this sphere. 1. Об Особой экономической ...

• On Russian/Nordic Investment Competition in the Baltic States

  The researchers often overlook the relationships between Russian and Nordic investment capital; and even less attention is paid to studying the competition between the two. Yet this subject can be of particular relevance to the areas that are geographically, historically and culturally close to both Russia and the Nordic countries....

• The institutional aspects of the discrete investment choice at a regional level (through the example of the SEZ in the Kaliningrad region)

  This article considers the institutional aspects of discrete investment choice at the regional level through the example of the SEZ in the Kaliningrad region. The authors analysed the changes of the institution of SEZ throughout the latter's existence as well as the conditions of the economic agent activity within ...

• The Belarus Business Environment as Assessed by the Management of Leading Finnish Companies Operating in the Country

  Inward foreign investment stock has grown remarkably in Belarus. It increased tenfold since 2000 to reach over $14 billion by the end of 2012. According to the Central Bank of Belarus, Finnish firms have invested nearly $100 million in Belarus making Finland the sixteenth ...

• Foreign direct investment in North-West Russia

  This article considers the socioeconomic characteristics of foreign direct investment and identifies the features of investment activities with foreign capital participation in the exclave region. The author analyses the dynamics of foreign direct investment inflow to the regions of North-West Russia and the industries preferred ...

• Some trends and features of investment activity in the Kaliningrad region

  In 2016, the Kaliningrad region economy is entering a new stage of development. It is important to establish whether the new investment mechanism proposed in the framework of amended SEZ legislation can ensure the development of regional economy. In recent years, investment performance has deteriorated in almost all areas, since the expected abolition of customs preferences ...

• The influence of the transport factor on the investment competitiveness of coastal regions in the European part of Russia.

  ... potential compared to other regions of the country. It makes perfect sense to set up large economic centers capable of harnessing the benefits of agglomeration and seaside factors in such regions. A tool to improve the level of economic deve­lop­ment and investment attractiveness of these regions is the imp­le­mentation of large trasnsport infrastructure projects. The article analyzes how the implementation of projects under the Federal Target Program “Deve­lop­ment of the Transport System of Russia ...

• The concept of improving the methodology of exclave region's economy management on the basis of investment programming

  This article considers the concept of improving the methodology of management of exclave region’s economy on the basis of investment programming. The author suggests a methodological approach to improving investment programming management in order to ensure a sustainable socio-economic situation in the region. 1. Основные положения региональной ...

• The problems of assessing the efficiency of budget investment finacning through the prgoramme-target method

  ... describes the major legal acts regulating the transition to budget planning through the program-target method, offers an analysis of the general features of planning the federal and Kaliningrad regional budgets through this method, considers the concepts of investment, budgetary investment, and the procedure of its realization within the regional budget, and describes the requirements for investment projects, as well as the problems of assessing efficient financing of budgetary investments evaluation. 1....

• Foreign nationals on the Boards of Directors of Russia’s Ten Largest Non-Financial Companies Investing Overseas

  ... data used in the study come from the companies’ annual reports and official websites. The information is correct as of February 2017. It is concluded that foreign nationals hold 30 % of board seats in Russia’s ten largest non-financial companies investing abroad. US, British, and German nationals comprise two-thirds of foreign nationals on the boards of directors. Among the 30 foreign holders of board seats, there is only one citizen of China. Women account for five percent of directors in Russia’s ...

• Country Competitiveness: an Empirical Study

  ... World Competitiveness Yearbook data for 55 countries in the estimation sample. This unique research applies a Multinomial Logistic procedure, and a Heckman Two-Step procedure in its accountancy for market size, exports, openness, and foreign direct investment. The business environment factors for estimation are highlighted. Also, several macro-economic modifications of the basic model specification are tested, providing further empirical analysis. Results indicate that the ten most competitive countries ...

• International agreements on investment relations with Russian participation

  This article analyses international investment contracts with Russian participation. The author considers universal and regional contracts and bi-lateral agreements on the encouragement and mutual protection of capital in-vestments. The main guarantees provided to both Russian investors ...

• The creation of a competitive investment climate in Russia as a basis for modernisation: the legal aspects

  This paper addresses a number of pressing problems of the creation of a favorable investment climate in Russia as a major factor of modernization and justifies the need to improve the investment legislation. The investment potential of Russia is ensured through a high level of demand of the producing sector for capital and the existing ...

• Investment attractiveness of Russian enterprises from the perpsective of transnational corporations

  There are a number of stereotypes regarding the investment attractiveness of Russian enterprises. Local companies often do not see any development prospects in Russia and complain at the unsatisfactory local institutional environment. However, the activity of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Russia ...

• Correlation Regression Analysis of Investment Activity Influence on Increase in Gross Regional Product in the Kaliningrad Region

  This article offers an analysis of main investment indicators and evaluates their impact on gross regional product. 1. Об Особой экономической зоне в Калининградской области и о внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные ...

• Sales Modeling in an Investment Project Evaluation

  The article deals with the sales part of investment project evaluation calculations. A number of parameters are recommended for taking into consideration, such as start of sales, starting sales volume, planned sales volume, seasonality, prices growth and other. Spreadsheet formulas are presented....

• The special economic zone in the Kaliningrad region: towards a more effective legal regime

  .... I analyse the 12 years experience of the practical application of the federal law on the regional SEZ and examine the gaps and conflicts in the regulatory legal acts. In this study, I consider the legal requirements for the SEZ residents and their investment projects, as well as benefits provided to the residents. Another focus is the goals of the SEZ. I investigate the effectiveness of the benefits to the investors and of the applicable procedures and analyse the factors reducing the region’s ...

• Development of Sea Port in Gdynia

  ... meet these challenges. The author analyses the period 2007—2015. Special attention is paid to the port development plan for 2020. The EU Structural Funds has provided a good opportunity to strengthen the competitive position of the port by making investments in the port infrastructure and superstructure. It allowed the port to strengthen its links with the hinterland. The author uses a set of fundamental, analytical and technical research methods to analyse materials provided by the port authority ...

• Strategic planning of small towns development in the Kaliningrad region

  The article examines some geographical features of strategic planning of small cities in the Kaliningrad region. The article reveals institutional and secondary measures for perfection of strategy and improvements of investment attractiveness of small towns in the Kaliningrad region. 1.  Актуальные проблемы развития полусредних городов Калининградской области / под ред. Г.   М. Федорова....

• Russian-Estonian Economic and Investment Cooperation During the Crisis: Dynamics and Possibilities

  ... Russian-Estonian relations during the crises of 2007 and 2014, taking into consideration the balance between political and economic factors in the decision-making by Estonian government. A number of special aspects, trends and problems in trade and investment ties are detected. The aim of the study is to uncover key motivation behind the actions of both Russia and Estonia, to identify the drivers for economic and political development in the region, and to work out recommendations to adjust them....

• Innovations and Investment

• Energy security in the scientific and institutional discourse in Russia and Poland: problems and solutions

  ... стратегия России на период до 2030 года, утверждена распоряжением Правительства Российской Федерации от 13 ноября 2009 г. № 1715-р. 13. Competition, International Investment and Energy Security / Investment Division, Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs / Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Paris, 13.12.2007. URL: https://www.oecd.org/investment/investment-policy/40699061.pdf (дата ...

• Structural and Functional Characteristics of the Spatial Development of Rural and Urban Areas in the Northwestern Economic District

  ..., available at: http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/munst/munst.htm (accessed 24.01.2014). 3. Gosudarstvennyj komitet Pskovskoj oblasti po jekonomicheskomu razvitiju i investicionnoj politike [State Committee of the Pskov region on economic development and investment policy], available at: http://economics.pskov.ru/ (accessed 24.01.2014). 4. Investicionnyj portal Leningradskoj oblasti [Investment portal of the Leningrad Region], available at: http://lenoblinvest.ru/ (accessed 24.01.2014). 5. Investicionnyj ...

• An Assessment of the Economic Performance of the EU Baltic Region States

  ... distinctive features for each group. Despite a rapid growth of Eastern European economies, the difference between the region’s eastern and western countries remains substantial. Economic convergence between eastern and western EU countries in terms of investment does not lead to convergence in labour efficiency. The capital-labour ratio and the growth rate of labour efficiency in the Russian Baltic are close to the Eastern European average. Druzhinin P. V., Prokopyev E. A. European Union, integration,...

• Peculiarities of Transboundary Cooperation between the Kaliningrad Region’s Business Entities

  This article reveals various aspects of regional transboundary cooperation including foreign trade, investment climate, and implementation of transboundary infrastructure projects financed by European funds. The analysis conducted is based on the results of transboundary cooperation with the participation of Kaliningrad business entities. The author ...

• Institutional and investment projects in the context of railway transport reform (reflections on the book)

  The book review analyses the institutional project research methodology. The proposed methodology is based on the use of systemic analysis and deci­sion-making theory. A modern approach to the study of an institutional pro­ject and an invest­ment project as complex systems under uncertainty condi­tions has been used. Their comprehensive assessment is considered in many aspects: political, economic, social, military-strategic and generalizing institu­tional. 1. Итоговый ...

• The role of the European Central Bank in ensuring the financial stability of the EU

  ... institutions // Official Journal. 2013. L 287. P. 63—89. 7. Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions and investment firms, amending Directive 2002/87/EC and repealing Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC // Official Journal. 2013. L 176. P. 338—436. 8. Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 establishing a framework ...

• Особенности реализации инвестиционных стратегий телекоммуникационных компаний Калининградской области

  ... article emphasizes the importance of telecommunications sector for the innovative development of the region. The author examines the near-term trends in the telecommunications market of the Kaliningrad region. The article offers an analysis of principal investment areas, namely: the expansion of the 3rd generation cell network, expansion of broadband network using FTTB (Fiber To The Building), Wi-Fi and Wi-MAX and LTE (4rd generation cell network) technologies. The author emphasizes the importance of ...

• The changing role of border regions in the regional policies of the EU and Russia

  ....) and to compare it with that of European counterparts. The article relies on publications on the experience of EU countries, earlier contributions from Russian researchers, federal regulations, and statistics on the regional distribution of federal investment in fixed assets. It is shown that the federal border region policy is largely a reflection of the features and problems of Russia’s regional policy as a whole. Currently, the development of cross-border cooperation is affected more strongly ...

• East Baltics: Economic Dilemmas of Security

  ... states. The authors stress that the central component of any national military and economic development is a focus on general national objectives rather than solely military ones. Economically advanced countries integrate defence spending into their investment and innovation strategies and industrial policies. Smaller countries — and the Baltics are no exception — do not apply this principle. Their military spending does not contribute to the technological and economic agenda. The article shows ...

• Cross-border Specialization of Interregional Interaction: Applying New Assessment Methods

  ... to the assessment of the role of cross-border cooperation in the system of interregional interaction between border regions. We present a system of indices to describe cross-border specialization of interregional interaction in certain fields, namely investment, international trade, tourism, and migration. Cross-border specialization determines the role of cross-border cooperation in regional external relations. The empiric data we have gathered is used to develop and implement a pilot assessment ...

• Scenarios of increasing the econo­mic efficiency of the Kaliningrad regional transport system

  ... our own simula­tion model and the earlier developed system of transport tariffs and value added calculation for the Kaliningrad region, we produce scenarios and consider changes in value added in the case of selected cargoes carrying intermediate, investment, and consumer goods (as defined in the International Classification for Broad Economic Categories ICT BEC-4). Our calcula­tions show that higher value added and greater economic efficiency of a regional transport system are associated with ...

• The dynamics of the world market of gold in the context of the present pulse geopolitical processes. Part 1. Introduction to the problem

  The article is devoted to the analysis of the behaviour of bidders in the global gold market affected by short-term and medium-term geopolitical dis­turbances. The direction, volume, speed and time range of investments in gold are determined depending on the nature of geopolitical threats. Based on non-economic factors, the author reveals the main patterns of making trivial and non-trivial decisions on investing in gold. The first part of the article de­scribes ...

• Finance lease in attracting investment resources to the fishing industry of the Kaliningrad region

  ... Лизинг : учебное пособие. М., 2006. 21. Хазанович Э. С. Иностранные инвестиции : учебное пособие. М., 2009. Teplitsky V., Koryakina A. fishing industry, finance lease, fleet, investment resources 152-159

• Russia’s political risk for the foreign investors: A special emphasis on Kaliningrad

  ... risks are assessed using the normative model of macro political risk assessment developed by Alon and Martin in 1998. In this model, political risks are divided into government-, society- and economy-related variables. 1.      Argus Ease foreign investment restrictions — Trutnev, Argus FSU Energy , July 31, 2009. 2.      BBC Views of China and Russia Decline in Global Poll, BBC World Service, Februa ry 6, 2009. URL: http://www.worldpublicopinion.org (дата обращения: 12 мар ...

• Construction of transport and energy networks in the Baltic region as an impetus for regional development

  ... role and significance of transportation and energy projects as an instrument of economic development. Having studied the largest transport and energy projects in the Baltic region, we were able to show that the new infrastructure networks supported the investment expansion of Swedish and Finnish companies into the post-communist countries of the Baltic Region. Which, in its turn, allowed the Nordic investors to expand their domestic markets. The analysis also shows that the experience of private businesses ...

• Land Use Policy and Land Management in Estonia

  ... the model’s introduction has contributed to the development of the Republic’s land market and increased land use efficiency, in particular, in agriculture. There are positive trends towards land market development and an increase in production and investment in land use. Estonian land resources are a reliable strategic investment. 1. Lemmen, Chr., van Oosterom, P., Bennett, R. 2015, The Land Administration Domain Model, Land Use Policy, Vol. 49, December, p. 535—545. DOI: 10.1016/j. landusepol....

• Negative externalities and sustainability of energy sector

  ... Part D 10. P. 459-475. 3.         Beer P., Friend F. (2005). Environmental accounting: A management tool for enhancing corporate environmental and economic performance. // Ecological Economics. 4.         Berkes, F., Folke, C. (1994). Investing in cultural capital for sustainable use of natural capital. / In: Jansson A. M., Hammer M., Folke C., Costanza R. (Eds). Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability. - Washington DC. P.128- 149. 5.         ...

• Satisfaction of Polish Bank Employees with Incentive Systems: An Empirical Approach

  ... dynamics of interregional differences (European experience), Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological research], no. 1, p. 29—39. 29. Wang, H., Lim, S. S. 2008, Real options and real value: the role of employee incentives to make specific knowledge investments, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 29, no. 7, p. 701—721. 30. Wang, H. C., Barney, J. B. 2006, Employee Incentives to Make Firm-Specific Investments: Implications for Resource-Based Theories of Corporate Diversification, Academy of Management ...