The political elite recruitment in the Baltic: the role of the ethnic factor
... ‘independence-induced euphoria’ faded, Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian power groups had to tackle the problem of civil society formation and the development of a political regime based on democratic procedures. In these countries the processes of elite recruitment were largely affected by the factor of ethic homogeneity of the social structure. This article analyses the process of elite group formation in the Baltics through the lens of the ethnic factor. By applying the ethnopolitical approach,...
The structure of political elite networks in the Republic of Poland in 1993—2013
To identify the structure of network ties within Polish political elites; to study the features of network ties formation and the impact that both primary and labour socialisation periods and diaspora characteristics have on this process; to describe the structural features of the resultant network structures over different ...
Elitist reasons behind the German revolution of November 1918
... place at the end of the First World War. Although the revolutionary events in Russia attract greater attention, the German revolution of November 1918 is of no less interest. In this article, I set out to highlight the situation of the German ruling elite on the eve of the war. The absence of bright personalities among the country's political establishment, on the one hand, and the lack of unity among the German elite, on the other, were the major causes of the bankruptcy of the Kaiser’s Germany....
Königsberg’s urbal elites: Between the tradition and innovation (1815—1914)
The paper focuses on Königsberg’s elites faced with fast changes in the 19th century. The city’s old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors – industrialists and bankers – trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... [32, p. 171]. Reputation can be considered a crucial indicator of the social efficiency of authorities, playing a pivotal role in ensuring political stability.
The reputational approach has gained considerable popularity in the analysis of political elites, where rating systems are developed to evaluate the reputation of politicians and countries worldwide. An instance of this is the reputation rating of countries, conducted by the international consulting company RepTrak, which relies on public ...
The transformation of the Baltic countries’ political elites: general and specific features
... research focuses on the features and transformations of power groups and their role in the political life of the societies of the Baltic countries. This article aims to analyse structural and functional changes in the composition of the Baltic political elites after these countries gained independence in the 1990s. The main objective of this research is to reveal the general and the specific in the transformations of Latvian, Lithuanian, and Estonian elites. Changes in the structure of power groups are ...
Billionaires and Millionaires of the Baltic Sea Region: A Comparative Analysis of National Business Elites
Local business elites make a major contribution to the development of the Baltic region’s countries, shaping their present and future. The Baltic business elites are an integral part of the transnational capitalist class — a product of the global economy and the ...
Family, duty, and honour in the First World War: Problems of the everyday life of the German military elite
This article describes different aspects of the everyday life of the German military elite during World War I. The author stresses the effect of protracted hostilities on professional high-ranking officers in view of their age, special social standards, and family relations. Special attention is paid to a new little-studied area of research....
Political elite networks in Latvia and their transformation in 1993-2014
The authors consider the structure of the Latvian political elite in 1993—2014 and analyse the major network parameters. The roles of key network actors and their changes over the study period are examined
1. Dogan М., Higley J. Elites, Crises, and the Origins of Regimes. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers,...
The elite interaction in the post-Soviet Lithuania: the constitutional aspect
... политических систем стран Центрально-Восточной Европы: сравнительный анализ : автореф. дис. … д-ра полит. наук. Саратов, 2009.
Smirnov V. A.
elite, Lithuania, Constitution, post-soviet, interaction
173-179
Political reconsideration of the Soviet past: attitudes and actions of the Lithuanian elites
Different political elite groups of post-communist Lithuania offer different accounts of the Soviet past. Even twenty years later, after the collapse of communism Lithuanian politicians (with the exception of certain conservative anti-nostalgic leaders allied with some populists) ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... in bilateral relations in 2014 and 2015. Amid the confrontation between the ‘Western democracies’ and Russia, Germany adopted a strategy of gradually but steadily increasing pressure on the opponent. The perception of this approach by Lithuanian elites has shifted from negative in the mid-2010s to increasingly positive as Germany has become more involved in deterrence of Russia. This article explores the process of the Bundeswehr troops’ deployment and buildup up to having constituted the ‘core’ ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
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Danish experts on national foreign policy and strategic culture, while arriving at a consensus that the country has started to employ armed forces more extensively, gaining greater legitimacy and effectiveness in the eyes of the political elite, differ in their views regarding the reasons and outcomes of this transformation in foreign policy. There is also some uncertainty about the balance between Atlanticism and Europeanism in Denmark’s alliance relations. The table below provides ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... construction in Europe is based on three pillars: firstly, the functional requirements of regionalism, stemming mainly from interdependence in the field of security and the desire for stability; secondly, ensuring regional integration through the efforts of elites aimed at building the regional identity that resonates with public opinion; and, last but not least, the expansion of institutional structures across regions [2]. Integration associations within the EU can also be analysed from the standpoint of ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... stability, where different identities can be reconciled and harmonized. At the same time, constructivists continue to monitor some negative processes and factors that still generate imperialistic and nationalistic sentiments within the Russian society and elites and impede international cooperation in the BSR [29].
To conclude the discussion on the Russian societal security debate, it should be noted that there are serious problems with embedding the societal security concept in the Russian political discourse....
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... international arena and particularly within the EU, forging interregional ties, etc. [1], [2], [3], [4]. The second, negative interpretation focuses on the period the countries spent as Soviet republics, which is perceived by the majority of national elites, the countries’ nationals and external observers as a heavy historical legacy [5], [6], [7], [8]. Here, the common past eclipses the meaningful differences between the three states and precludes alternative identities from taking root. The Estonian ...
Smirnov V. A. Political elites of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia: recruitment factors and structural dynamics. Monograph. Kaliningrad. IKBSU Publishing House, 2016
Smirnov, V. A. 2016, Political elites of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia: recruitment factors and structural dynamics. Monograph. Kaliningrad. IKBFU Publishing House.
Mezhevich Nikolai M.
125-126
On crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of the Baltic States
... political regimes of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The article stresses the problem of legitimacy reproduction resulting from the limited representation of the national party systems. Special attention is paid to compensatory mechanisms used by political elites to ‘artificially’ reproduce legitimacy. It makes sense to analyse the deficit of legitimacy in the Baltic States not only in the context of threats to democratic institutions but also considering weaknesses of public institutions and insufficient ...
Uncertainty as a Factor of Decision Making in the Context of the Exclave Problems of the Kaliningrad Region
The article analyses expert influence on decision making process. The author argues that high uncertainty increases political elite’s attention to experts under the conditions of democratic transit. The case of the Kaliningrad exclave is taken as an example.
1.
Абрамов В.
Н.
Калининградская область: социально-политические ...
The Role of Political Elites in the Development of Politics of Memory in the Baltic States
The article focuses on multiple cases of the politicization of history by the Baltic political elites. Three states of development of politics of memory in the Baltic States are identified. Problems of political exploitation of the past are scrutinized in the context of political life and international relations. It is concluded that the narratives ...
Russia and the Baltic States: Some Results and a Few Perspectives
... made either difficult or altogether impossible when it comes to the Baltic States. For 20 years, the Russian Federation has been actively promoting a model of mutually beneficial co-operation. The anti-Russian discourse of the Baltic States' political elites — driven by their own wish to maintain their political monopoly — halts most of co-operation efforts. It is time to accept that the previous model of co-operation with the Baltic States is now irrelevant, since these states now form the avant-garde ...
Russian-Estonian relations: a medium-term forecast
... perspective of the development of Russian-Estonian relations and factors affecting the probability of each scenario. It is shown that any change in the role of Estonia in Russian foreign policy depends not only on the specific actions of the Estonian elite, for example their readiness to change their position on the participation of Russian-speaking population in the democratic decision-making process or the evaluation of controversial events of the past, but also on the meaning that will be attached ...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... development, there is a significant difference in the approaches to the implementation of immigration policies in Denmark and Sweden. Karin Borevi, a professor at Södertörn University, explains this through the different approaches of the ruling political elite to achieving social cohesion [2, p. 364— 388]. According to the Danish political system, especially the centre-right party coalition, national unity is based on social homogeneity. On the contrary, according to the Swedish authorities, the state ...
International political status of an observer state to the EAEU: problems and prospects of institutionalization
... international-political status. The conclusion is substantiated that among the hindering factors are the weakness of the national economy and domestic political instability, while among the promoting factors are the presence of political will from a consolidated ruling elite and social demand for the integration proposal. The author concludes that there are two fundamentally possible scenarios for the institutional development of the Union: a) deepening integration; b) expanding the integration space through the advancement ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... despite the ambitions of some of its leaders, is severely limited, and this task is unattainable in isolation from NATO.
Nevertheless, the decision by the governments of these two Nordic countries (with nearly unanimous support from their political elites) to part with the non-aligned policy was determined by the start of the Russian military operation in Ukraine, which became inevitable for the Russian leadership after the United States and NATO had rejected the draft agreements on mutual security ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... Ukraine but also in determining which trade and financial restrictions on Russia can be lifted and when [20].
There is a viewpoint that in the global context, the current conflict between Russia and the West is driven by the rise of radical left-liberal elites in the West, while Russia, in this situation, seeks to reclaim its traditional position as a liberal-conservative centre in the international relations system [21]. According to some authors, Russia’s value agenda aligns closely with the values ...
Right-wing radical ideologems in the politics of South American states
... right-wing radical ideologies on political processes in South America. Right-wing radicalism has a long history of presence in the political reality of South American states. Having gone a long way from the usual ideas and concepts of the continental elites to the organization of right-wing radical political forces, right-wing ideologemes have become entrenched in the public consciousness of the societies of South American countries. We relied on a synthesized approach to the "ideologeme" ...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... were part of this memorial narrative. In Pillkallen (today, the village of Dobrovolsk in the Krasnoznamensk municipality), a monument was erected in the 1870s to commemorate the victims of the 1860s—1870s’ wars, whose outcome allowed the Prussian elite to found an empire. Prussia and the Russian Empire were strategic partners at that time, a circumstance that was conducive to the success of Prussian foreign policy in Europe. In 2012, four concrete crosses were put up near the village of Kalinino ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... increasingly limited choice [9]. Over the years, it extended but transformed profoundly. New and many “old” domestic producers came into the market, the range of products imported from not embargoed countries expanded, and the available range of elite and dietary products changed in terms of price and/or quality. The possible explanations include low investment attractiveness of the food industry, staff shortage, etc. [10].
Berendeeva and Ratnikova have conducted a comparative study of the effects ...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... security segments in every country of the post-Soviet space negative towards Russia. There is now a struggle to change the vector geopolitical space of Russia, which begins (and continues) with rewriting history, reformatting both the consciousness of elites and mass consciousness and ends with colour revolutions and proxy wars. We proceed from the fact that monitoring geopolitical threats is an acute issue. Identifying them at an early stage would allow negating them with the minimum risks and damage....
Events and narration in socio-cultural practices
The article deals with the dynamic interaction of events and narratives. As a result of this interaction, stable links ‘events-narratives’ appear; they influence the formation and transformation of social and cultural processes in society. Event-narrative links form the basis of the system of norms and values of society. The corpus of ‘event-narrative’ links creates behavioural patterns, serves as a motivator for members of society, a cause and reason for actions and an initiator of terraced...
Poetical text as a way of organizing city space
... other technical means. The article explores the process of integrating poetic texts into urban space using the example of the Netherlands, Belgium, Russia, Spain and countries of Latin America. Urban poetry contributes to overcoming the linearity and elitism of the poetic text, shifting the emphasis from verbal to the visual or performative component of the text, and strengthening the function of the addressee. As a result, poetry acquires an applied character. The city becomes an instrument of mediated ...
Cultural discrepancy within Russian-speaking community in Israel
... democratic state. They ignore the peculiarities of the Middle East country, do not support ‘mestechkovy’ culture of the Russian street and disagree to prioritize the Jewish traditions. The cultural discrepancy does not match the divergence between elite and mass culture.
Akhapkina, Ya. E., 2015. Peculiarities of the sentence structure in bilinguals’ texts.
Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. Trudy Instituta lingvisticheskikh issledovanii
[Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. Transactions of ...
The unexpected someone in Nobel history
... “death of the subject” (Foucault). After Handke’s essays on Yugoslavia had been published in the Sueddeutsche Zeitung in 1996, where he supported the Serbs, he became persona non grata not only in Kosovo and Sarajevo, but also among the intellectual elite of the West. Therefore, the Nobel Prize came as a complete surprise for the author and sparked a furious protest from the world’s leading media giants. One of the conclusions of the article, based on a hermeneutic study of Handke’s works, reflects ...
Internet in political communication of contemporary Poland: challenges and prospects for development
... the dialogue between the authorities and society. Particular attention is paid to the impact of social networks on the quality of political communication. The characteristic features of the position of ordinary users and representatives of political elites in the communication process are singled out and described. As a research task, the authors identified the main characteristics of political communication in the Internet space of Poland. The article analyzes the views of Polish researchers of ...
Regional trends in electoral support for Latvian parties: the neighbourhood effect
... and Formation Factors), Partiino-politicheskie elity i elektoral’nye protsessy v Rossii. Kruglyi stol biznesa Rossii. Analiticheskie obozreniia Tsentra kompleksnykh sotsial’nykh issledovanii i marketinga. Seriia: politologiia [Party and Political Elites and Electoral Processes in Russia. The Round Table of the Russian Business, Analytical Overview of the Center for Complex Social Studies and Marketing. Series: Politology], no. 3 (17), p. 37—52 (in Russ).
16. Akhremenko, A. S., 2009, Spatial ...
Literary scandal in cubo-futurism poetics and the communicative behaviour of recipients
... of the 1920s—1930s. In: N. A. Gur'yanova, ed. K istorii russkogo futurizma: vospominaniya i dokumenty [Towards the History of Russian Futurism: Memories and Documents]. Мoscow, pp. 7—29 (in Russ.).
In'shakova, E. Yu., 2001. On the verge of Elite and Mass Cultures (Towards Understanding the “game space” of the Russian avant-garde). Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost' [Social Sciences and Contemporary World], 1, pp. 162—174 (in Russ.).
Iser, W., 1989. Towards a Literary Anthrolopogy....
Translating philosophical aesthetics: Peritext as a window into the translator's mind. Part 2
... In N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes, eds. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. Available at:
https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/01802-7
[Accessed 10 October 2020].
Cowan, B., 2004. An Open Elite: The Peculiarities of Connoisseurship in Early Modern England. Modern Intellectual History, 1(2), pp. 151—183.
Crane, G. R., 1995. Perseus Digital Library. Available at:
https://www
. perseus. tufts. edu/hopper/ [Accessed 10 October 2020].
Deane-Cox,...
Transformation of the institutional matrix of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania within the Russian Empire
... elements with essentially different institutional matrices, there becomes possible a transplantational dysfunction of institutions, which in turn can initiate a crisis, capable, in case of a malfunctioning political system and disunited elites, of triggering a social collapse and (if there are interested «poles of power») the total disintegration of the society. The subsequent entry of its part into another social system constitutes one of the options of passing through a bifurcation ...
“Svetotomy” N. М. Kononov and Plato’s “The feast”: a dialogue of cultures
... identifying intertextual links between these text while the analysis establishes the dialogic nature of the texts on a conceptual level and they are united by the motifs of Feast and Love. The feasting narrative in Plato’s dialogue is a celebration of the elite, described in the traditions of ethics and philosophy of antiquity. The characters of “The feast” are historical figures, their friendly conversation demonstrates the search for truth, love is understood as a desire for beauty and for eternity....
Attitude to economic development issues as a feature of the sociological profile of the population in the Smolensk region border areas
... losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll conducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and social policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the population and the political elite of the region regarding the main vectors of economic development. The findings of the opinion polls can construct the sociological portrait of the region.
Katrovskiy A. P., Fesunova O. D.
The Smolensk region, economic development priorities,...
The danish parliament as an actor of Denmark’s foreign policy towards the EU and Russia: a comparative analysis, 2005—2019
... and Russia. The findings lead one to conclude that the Danish Parliament’s participation in the country’s foreign policy towards EU bodies is highly institutionalised and coherent, which can be explained by close integration of Danish political elites into European ones as well as by European processes being clear and predictable for Danish parliamentarians. The participation of the Parliament in Danish—Russian relations is less systematic and structured since the Danish Parliament sometimes ...
Local government reforms in Estonia: institutional context, intentions and outcomes
... central-local balances in Estonia. The analysis draws on institutional theory, which explains the effect of deep value patterns and concrete political choices on the institutionalization logic followed after the 1993 reform. It is concluded that the local elites retaining their old value patterns will downplay the effect of the 2017 reform.
Gribanova, G. I., Sootla, G., Kersten, K.
10.5922/2079-8555-2020-1-3
32-52
local government, reforms, dual model, fuse model, central-local relations, autonomy,...
Normal range of liver stiffness measurement in healthy people
... measurements in healthy people varies widely: the normal liver elasticity values may vary in range of 1.5—7.5 kPa on measuring by transient elastography (FibroScan, Echosens); 2.4—6.2 kPa on measuring by point shear wave elastography (iU elite, Philips); 2.6—6.2 kPa on measuring by 2D shear wave elastography (Aixplorer, Supersonic Imagine). The liver shear wave velocity varies in the range of 0.71—1.71 m/s on measuring by the point shear wave elastography. The given data of the ...
New stage in the development of political science in Russia
... University Press.
15. Shames, S. L., Wise, T. 2017, Gender, Diversity, and Methods in Political Science: A Theory of Selection and Survival Biases, PS: Political Science & Politics, Vol. 50, no. 3, p. 811—823.
16. Gaman-Golutvina, O. 2007, Political Elites in the Commonwealth of Independent States: Recruitment and Rotation Tendencies, Comparative Sociology, Vol. 6, no. 1—2. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/156913307X208140.
17. Gaman-Golutvina, O. 2008, The Changing Role of the State and State Bureaucracy ...
Correlation-regression analysis of bitcoin characteristics
The article is devoted to the phenomenon of a money surrogate, introduced in the form of a bitcoin, a popular cryptocurrency. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the price-per-unit value of the cryptocurrency on the indicator of the market capitalization of the bitcoin cryptocurrency through correlation-regression analysis. As a result of the research, the author becomes the first to prove the direct dependence of the mentioned indicators, namely, a strong relationship between...
Foreign nationals on the Boards of Directors of Russia’s Ten Largest Non-Financial Companies Investing Overseas
...
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http://www.lukoil.com/Company/
CorporateGovernance/BoardofDirectors (accessed 19.2.2017).
32. Corruption charges against a minister signal rising tensions in Russia’s elite, 2016, The Economist, 19.11.2016, available at:
http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21710197-corruption-charges-against-minister-signal-rising-tens...
. (accessed 13.02.2016).
33. Pigman, L. 2017, Russian Ex-Minister Accuses Putin Ally of Framing ...
Modern Hanseatic Trends in the Baltic Region
... 2010—2015, 2011, The International Permanent Secretariat of Council of the the Baltic Sea States, available at:
http://www.cbss.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/strategy-english
. pdf (accessed 15.04.2016).
18. Shlapeko, Е. А. 2012, The role of urban elites and the sister city movement in the formation of cross-border regions (on the example of the development of external relations of the Petrozavodsk urban district, the Republic of Karelia), Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo ...
Security in the Baltic region as a Projection of Global Confrontation between Russia and the USA
... external powers — Russia and the United States, — being a projection of their global geopolitical confrontation. The US strategy thus becomes a major part of the equation. The authors believe that since the end of the second Iraq war the American elite has been divided along ideological lines into adherents of the chaos theory and traditionalists thinking in terms of sharing control with the other centres of global power. The US strategy in the Baltic region does not seek an open military conflict ...
Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach
This paper provides an overview of different approaches to forecasting the future of the three Baltic States. The author’s theoretical approach to studying Baltic elites is used to forecast changes in the action models of the Baltic elites. The article stresses the scarcity of internal political processes in the Baltics. However, a significant number of scenarios focusing on military aspects in the Baltics have ...