Formal languages and automata VII: Formal tree series (Part I)
This is the seventh paper of a series of papers that will give a survey on several topics on formal languages and automata by using semirings, formal power series, matrices and xed point theory. The seventh paper of this series deals with tree (series) automata and systems of equations over tree. The main topics of the paper are the following. 1. Tree automata (resp. nite, polynomial tree automata), whose behaviors are tree series over a semiring, and systems of equations (resp. nite, polynomial...
Formal languages and automata VII: Formal tree series (Part II)
This is the eighth paper of a series of papers that will give a survey on several topics on formal languages and automata by using semirings, formal power series, matrices and xed point theory. The seventh paper of this series deals with tree (series) automata and systems of equations over tree . The main topics of the paper are the following. 1. Pushdown tree automata, whose behaviors are tree series over a semiring, and algebraic tree systems are equivalent; moreover, the class of algebraic tree...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... this method can be classified as non-parametric. The principal tool of DEA is optimisation. The essence of the method is that it solves as many optimisation problems as there are objects of observation. Moreover, the objective function reflects in one form or another the efficiency of objects, one by one, whilst the system of constraints includes data on all the objects [18]. All the objects are optimally assessed using available data, and this makes it possible to compare the objects, ranking them ...
Generation of exact solutions of Fridman equations leading to Cardy–Verlinde formula by Darboux transformation
It is considered a possibility of generation of exact solutions for Friedman equations by Darboux transformation, for which Cardy — Verlinde formula is valid. Two modifications of Darboux transformation are offered, which let generate such solutions. Exact solutions are obtained, for which Cardy — Verlinde formula is valid at least near some singularities.
1. Verlinde E. On the Holographic Principle in the Radiation Dominated Universe. URL: (2010) [arXiv:hep-th/0008140].
2. Brevik I., Nojiri...
Update of age data of the palvesk formation ("green wall") of Sambian peninsula (the Kaliningrad region)
The article describes the history of the study and the composition of the palvesk formation established in the deposits of the Paleogene of the Sambian Peninsula in the Kaliningrad Region. The authors give the most complete micro- and macro-faunistic characteristics, as well as the palynological complex according to previous studies. According to the results of absolute dating of glauconite isolated from the siltstones of the formation, as well as palynological data, it dates back to the Eocene age...
Estimating the accuracy of standard volume calculations using liver volumetry
This article estimates the accuracy of various formulas used to calculate the standard volume of the liver. The authors identify formulas most adequate for a comparison with volumetry results obtained using JT Childs’s easy-touse formula. The study employed the anthropometric data (age, sex, and weight) and the calculations of body height, body surface area (BSA), and liver sizes of 36 healthy volunteers. The volume of the liver was determined using different formulas that take into account either...
The role of the river Rhine in the formation of spatial structure of the economy of European countries (1st century BC — 19th century AD)
This article considers the main historical stages of formation of spatial economic structure of the European countries, parts of whose territories lie within the Rhine basin. The analysis covers a protracted chronological interval from the Roman colonization until the beginning of the 20th century. The author emphasizes the role of the River Rhine in the course of territorial structure formation. This study aims to retrace the historical sequence of the formation of territorial structure of economies...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... segregation. First of all, this is the problem of housing shortage and the failure of the “Eget boende” (EBO) policy — the independent resettlement of immigrants and refugees, due to the migration crisis of 2015. At the beginning of 2019, Löfven formed a second government coalition of the Social Democrats and the Greens, involving the Liberals and Center Party. It introduced a project to reform the housing market and allowed the municipalities to limit EBO in areas with socio-economic problems....
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
... it as a set of techniques designed to mislead people. However, it is worth noting that in certain situations, propaganda can be employed for the public’s benefit, as evidenced by some studies (e. g., [17]). This brings propaganda closer to another form of persuasive communication — education. Therefore, it becomes essential to differentiate between these two types of persuasive communication.
In fact, the definition of education formulated by Poluikova is very close to the definition of propaganda ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... discussing it. In the classical sense, multilevel governance is based on coordinated actions of the EU, member states and regional and local authorities and in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality and partnership, taking the form of operational and institutional cooperation in the development and implementation of European Union policy [9]. Within the framework of the theory of multilevel governance there is an opportunity “…to emphasize the spatial dimension of political ...
Seme-symbol as a means of novel meaning formation in denominal verbs
The paper describes the results of denominal verb analysis. Corpora of media texts provide material for the analysis. The author explores patterns of novel meaning formation in denominal verbs. The proposed method is based on the notion of ‘seme-symbol’. The author reconstructions the semantic structure of motivating nouns and determines the role of different elements in the semantic structure of the verb. It is stressed that context contributes to the actualization or neutralization of particular...
Non-formal educational practices in the domestic history of adult education
The article focuses on the place and the role of non-formal educational practices in the development of adult education in Russia. Non-formal educa-tional practices are considered as a way of educational interaction, which has preserved the basic parameters of humanity. They are updated in periods of significant historical changes, as resource support for social reconstruction. Today, the practice of non-formal adult education is in demand primarily as a resource for development of human potential...
Formal Languages and Automata VI:-algebraic systems and transducers
This is the sixth paper of a series of papers that will give a survey on several topics on formal languages and automata by using semirings, formal power series, matrices andxed point theory. The sixth paper of this series deals with the basic results in the theory of !-algebraic systems over quemirings generalizing the classical context-free grammars generating languages overnite and innite words. The presentation of these results is based on continuous starsemiring-omegasemimodule pairs. We...
Interorganisational networking as the principal form of technological, innovative and research cooperation between Russia and the European Union in the Baltic region
... that, with the development of integration connections and regionalization processes, interorganizational networking takes on special importance in the organization and development of the innovative space. The authors analyze the existing typologies of forms of cooperation in the field of research, technology, and innovation, within which cases of networking are identified. The article gives a definition of interorganizational networks in view of the spatial and structural components of networking. ...
A new role of cooperation under economic sanctions as seen by residents of the Kaliningrad region
The current economic crisis conditions call for a search for new mechanisms to maintain the population’s well-being. Within this setting, cooperation may be considered a priority form of entrepreneurial activity, enabling the consolidation of financial resources and reducing business costs. This article aims to assess the potential of consumer cooperation in the Kaliningrad region under anti-Russian sanctions. The authors analyse ...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... security of the nation.
The concept of geopolitical space refers to a set of ideas that describe the power dynamics of international politics. At its core, it involves a competition among actors, primarily states, to compete and gain control (in various forms) over specific territories at the global, regional, and local scales, as well as within various sectors of international relations and security, including the political, military, socio-cultural, and economic realms. The structure of the geopolitical ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... coordination, as well as the growth of well-being, will be achieved... Formal institutions matter, but informal institutions rule” [22].
These informal or ‘hidden institutions’ also include reputation, which begins to acquire an institutional form in the country. The formation of reputation is connected with the development of business environment (e. g. [23], [24]). In civil law [25], [27] and administrative law [28], reputation has been formally recognized as having legal grounds. At the ...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
The article explores the challenges encountered during the formation of the Baltic macro-region comprising Russia and eight EU countries (Germany, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia) in the context of the ongoing geopolitical and geo-economic changes. The article aims to assess the dynamics, level, structure and pace of economic development of three Russian regions located on the Baltic Sea (St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions) and analyse the intensity...
Towards a classification of transboundary tourist and recreation mesoregions in the Baltic region
In the wake of the Covid-10 pandemic, the Baltic region saw a dramatic reduction in tourist flows in 2000—2021; the decrease was as much as tenfold in some destinations. This study aims to classify the 16 transboundary tourist and recreational mesoregions of the Baltic region according to 2019 tourist flows. The research evaluates, for the first time, the 2020—2021 decline in tourist flows across these regions. The main outcome of this study is grouping the mesoregions into three orders according...
Kant's logic and Strawson's metaphysics
This article defines the way of interaction between formal and transcendental logic through introducing ontological considerations based on P. Strawson's descriptive metaphysics. The notions of a particular, a sortal universal and a feature universal are introduced into the transcendental limitation on the inferences of formal logic.
1. Аристотель. Категории // Аристотель. Соч.: в 4 т. М., 1978. Т. 2. С. 53—90.
2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Взаимодействие...
Dilemmas of logical hylomorphism
... patterns of inferences (i. e. the syllogistic moods in the three figures) shifts focus from the schematic to dynamic model of formality. Secondly, the author assesses the logical hylomorphism of Alexander of Aphrodisias, who connected it with metaphysical form vs. matter dichotomy. Thirdly, it is argued that Kant’s transcendental logic is a logic in the formal sense. Whereas general logic is concerned merely with constitutive rules of inference, transcendental logic is concerned with regulative rules ...
Simplified methodology for investigating crimes
The article describes the system of methods of investigating crimes as a well-established form in the history of criminalistics. The success of the investigation of crimes depends on a comprehensive, objective examination of the circumstances of crimes, and on the correct choice of the mechanisms for proving the person's guilt. All these elements ...
Geography of Electoral Volatility in the Warmia and Mazury Voivodeship of Poland
The authors describe the impact of administrative reforms on the electoral volatility in the Warmia and Mazury voivodeship of Poland. The administrative reforms resulted in the formation of a new territorial organization of power. Using three large administrative units of Poland as an example, the authors analyse the experience of the formation of a geographic region by merging several politically diverse territories. The merger took place in a changing political environment. It inevitably affected...
The history of opposition between formal and dialectical logic in Russian philosophy
This article shows that the opposition between formal and dialectical logic first emerged within Hegel’s dialectical logic. The article shows that in the framework of the division of time into «now» and «not now», the incorrect formal logical description of dialectical opposition disappears. The author comes to a generalised conclusion: the rejection of language description of dialectical opposition as a true conjunctive proposition of the A ¬A type marks the end of opposition between formal...
A theoretical and methodological framework for the cognitive approach to word formation studies
The present-day stage of scientific knowledge is characterized by a shift of research aims in different scientific spheres to the cognitive aspects of linguistic phenomena. The cognitive approach to research on word-formation processes is supported by many linguists; however, still being insufficiently developed, it requires a systematization of new methodological tools. The author presents her own vision of the methodological and theoretical framework of cognitive word formation studies.
1. Абросимова...
The derivative forms of personal names in Swedish antroponymics
The article is devoted to derivative forms of personal names in the Swedish tradition of giving names to individuals. The research is focused on explaining the following terms: short name, short form of a name, ‘pet name’, and diminutive form. Syncopation and affixal derivation are considered ...
Formal Languages and Automata V: Conway Semiring-Semimodule Pairs and Finite Automata
This is the fth paper of a series of papers that will give a survey on several topics on formal languages and automata by using semirings, formal power series, matrices and xed point theory. The fth paper of this series deals with the basic results in the theory of nite automata over quemirings generalizing the classical nite automata accepting nite and innite words. The presentation of these results is based on semiring-semimodule pairs, especially on Conway semiring-semimodule pairs. A Conway...
Kant’s logic and Strawson’s metaphysics
This article defines the way of interaction between formal and transcendental logic through introducing ontological considerations based on P. Strawson's descriptive metaphysics. The notions of a particular, a sortal universal, and a feature universal are introduced into the transcendental limitation on the inferences of formal logic.
1. Аристотель. Категории // Аристотель. Соч.: в 4 т. М., 1978. Т. 2. С. 53—90.
2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Взаимодействие...
Theoretical aspects of the model for the formation of legal competence of a specialist in the senior crews officers in a maritime university
... work in a team, demonstrate persistence in solving legal problems, and evaluate the effectiveness of the decision made. The obtained data on the practical implementation of the developed model allow for a step-by-step assessment of the process of forming legal competence for senior crew officers during the training of cadets in naval educational institutions. It was revealed that as a result of the implementation of the algorithm developed by the authors into the educational process, the most ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... (including that of SPs) subject to PIT, with separate data on employment income and income from dividends, securities transactions, etc. In this study, the total gross payroll in the Kaliningrad region is the sum of earnings under the codes specified in form № 5-NDFL; the total gross payroll in the Leningrad region is income accrued under the employment or civil law contracts from form № 7-NDFL (due to the availability of data from the Federal Tax Service, no unified approach could be applied here)....
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... products and quantitative factors in the functioning of subsystems involved in knowledge generation and innovation. Finally, the study examines the geography and structure of the international research network that the regions of Northwest Russia had formed by 2022. It shows that the geopolitical transformation requires a significant part of cooperation ties with unfriendly countries to be restructured.
Introduction and Problem Statement
Innovations serve as a catalyst for the reorientation ...
The Mobius strip of the pragmasemantics of sense: from culture through subjectivity to nothingness and back
The author endeavors to systematically present sense formation through the lens of the pragmasemantic approach. It enables the demonstration of how the primary factors of sense formation, socio-cultural practices and personal agency interact. Their relationship is non-linear: subjectivity results from the assimilation of socio-cultural experiences and the accompanying narrative communication. Self-consciousness of the Self arises from the socialization of the individual through reflexive self-description...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
This article aims to analyse current geodemographic changes in Poland, based on the data of the 2021 National Population and Housing Census. Methods, traditional for socioeconomic geography, such as zoning, were employed. Poland’s population decreased during the inter-census period (2011—2021), with the urban population declining faster than its rural counterpart. The large voivodeships aligned along the Vistula ‘axis’ — Mazowiecka, Lesser Poland and Pomerania — outperform other Polish...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
The article analyses the Polish political system and the increasing role of two political parties in it. This tendency has been observed in Poland for more than 15 years. We can draw a conclusion that two-and-a-half-party system has formed in Poland. Using Duverger’s phrasing, there is a “two-party tendency” in the functioning of the Polish model. The study analyses the facts that firm up this conclusion: not only the distribution of seats in the Sejm (the main criterion) but ...
The ‘Route from the Varangians to the Greeks’: truth or fiction
The ‘route from the Varangians to the Greeks’ is widely known and often mentioned in research, popular science and educational literature. Much less often is it mentioned that the existence of the trade route is seriously doubted and needs additional evidence. The discussion about the actuality of a ‘route from the Varangians to the Greeks’ has intensified in the recent decade; it mostly involves historians who draw on chronicles, archive materials and literary sources. Although relevant...
On the forms of manifestation of the magical function of language
The article explores linguistic phenomena as a form of manifestation of the magic function. Systemic classifications, taxonomies, and linear phenomena such as euphemization and performativity reflect the beliefs and socio-spiritual functions of societies. This set of linguistic forms and means is ...
Kant über inneren Sinn, Zeitanschauung und Selbstaffektion
The aim of this research is to explore what relations self-affection bears to the intuitions of inner sense. I propose that self-affection makes some contribution to formal intuitions and empirical consciousness by arguing that the functions of self-affection consist respectively in conceptualising and conscious-making. I begin by examining Kant’s concept of inner sense and point out that inner sense as a receptive faculty depends on self-affection. In so doing, I emphasise that self-affection...
Intonological aspect of the vocal form of the language (on the example of the Russian choir)
The article studies intonation features of vocal form of the language. The melody of national opera music reveals inherent prosodic corrrelation with the language intonation units and their features. The two cognitive systems, namely music and language, function via intonological models (the ones characteristic ...
Full and short personal names in Russian: a quantitative study
The paper presents a statistical study of the use of variant forms of Russian personal names. It is shown that Russian names can be divided into two classes: names with full and short forms contrast with names that only have one neutrally used form. For names that have a distinct short form, the frequencies of ...
Age-related dynamics of competence formation in social work
The article analyses the formation of social competences in the field of education and social work in Kaliningrad. The author identifies performance indicators according to age and the dynamics of competence formation in representatives of three age groups. The three age groups analyzed demonstrate significant differences in both the overall competence as such and its individual components. The results of the research can be used in education, in the work with asocial adolescents and in the resocialization...
Russian facets in J. Joyce’s neologisms and their interlanguage translation
The paper examines nonce words in James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake, particularly those originating from the Russian language. The research aims at defining word-formation patterns of the units in question and studying limitations of their interlanguage translation. Based on morphemic and word-formation analysis of the English deviated lexical units, as well as a comprehensive comparative analysis of the occasional words in the source and target languages, various types and grades of the lexical...
Algorithm for creating conceptual metaphors
In modern science, metaphor is associated with human thinking. It is an important research issue in psycholinguistics and cognitive science. The analysis of the formation of a conceptual metaphor is relevant since it is a phenomenon associated with cognitive and conceptual processes; it reflects the interdependence of the individual's thinking and the peculiarities of the language representation of certain concepts. Understanding the process of information transfer through conceptual metaphors...
On interpreting the legal category “form of government” (the case of Russia and Kazakhstan)
The article justifies the need to clarify the true content of such a fundamental legal category as the “form of government”, since, so far, neither scientifically nor at the practical level, there hasn’t been given any unambiguous interpretation. The authors point to one of the typical conceptual errors in elucidating the content of this category, admitted ...
he new formula of the liver volume calculation: the integration into the automatic ultrasound diagnostic work station (AWS) "Assistant"
The previous research work of the team (M. V. Martinovich et al.) developed a new formula for in vivo liver volume calculating using the genetic algorithm method. The purpose of this work was the integration of the formula in the automatic ultrasound diagnostic work station (AWS) "Assistant”. To achieve the goal, a number of the research objectives have been set. The possibility of assessing the size of the liver on the basis of its volume is a means of objectifying the diagnostic process...
Kant, Gödel, and the problem of synthetic a priori judgements
Debates over Kant’s famous postulate about the existence of synthetic a priori judgements in mathematics, formulated in the Critique of Pure Reason, have been raging for over two centuries. On the one hand, it was fiercely criticised by neo-positivists in the early 20th century. On the other hand, Kant’s ideas on constructive nature of mathematics served as a philosophical framework for LEJ Brouwer’s programme of intuitionism in the foundations of mathematics. Of interest are the ideas of the...
The derivation formulas and equations for an affine space structure from the point of view of smooth manifolds
Using the derivation formulas of Akivis and the Laptev structure equations for smooth manifolds, two methods yield corresponding formulas and equations for an affine space are received. The hierarchy of smooth manifolds and a principal bundle of linear coframes over a smooth manifold are used.
1. Столяров А. В. Метод внешних форм Картана и группы Ли. Чебоксары, 1997.
2. Столяров А. В. Системы уравнений Пфаффа в...