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Based on archival documents, materials from regional and national German press, and personal sources, the article examines the reactions in East Prussia to the Kapp Putsch of 1920, which aimed to overthrow the legitimate government of the Weimar Republic. Unlike most other German territories, the putschists in East Prussia were supported by many representatives of the regional political elite ...

An attempt is made to examine the course of military operations in East Prussia from autumn 1944 to spring 1945 through the prism of publications by war correspondents in the central Soviet newspapers: Pravda, Izvestia, Krasnaya Zvezda, and Stalinsky Sokol. Frontline correspondents, being embedded within the active army, ...

... German Federal Archives (Berlin) and the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History (Moscow), the article for the first time reconstructs the history of the United Left Opposition groups of the German Communist Party (Bolshevik-Leninists) in East Prussia in 1930-1933. The research highlights the figures of the Königsberg group, some of whom (e. g. Gustav Plep and Oskar Seipold) were active not only regionally, but also at the all-German level. The author describes the political activities of ...

... “Polish question”, which largely affected the nature of bilateral relations. The consulate documents indicate that Soviet diplomacy aspired to exploit the differences between Poland and Germany over a wide range of issues (the geopolitical situation of East Prussia, the position of national minorities, the problem of transit through the Polish corridor, the status of the Free city of Danzig, etc.). Soviet consuls carefully observed political life in Königsberg and the province. On the one hand, they paid ...

... neighbouring states and the mainland. The author reviews cases of evolutional development of enclavity and peaceful and military methods of eliminating enclave formations. Actions towards the solution of political and socioeconomic problems taken in East Prussia are compared to those taken in the Kaliningrad region. The author emphasizes the need to solve the problems of the only Russian exclave region in view of the experience of its historical “predecessors”. 1. Vinogradova, M. V. 2007, Osobennosti ...

This article analyses the reasons behind the restoration of diplomatic relations between Russia and Germany after World War I, as well as the fundamental differences in the performance of Russian imperial and Soviet consular missions in East Prussia. On the basis of the earlier unknown documents from the Central Russian archives and the Political archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Germany, the author describes the establishment of the Soviet Consulate in Königsberg in 1923 and ...

The article explores the history of chess in Königsberg in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The author gives the data on competitions held in the capital of East Prussia, as well as biographical data on players and chess composers who lived there and visited Königsberg. The reconstruction of the history of the chess movement includes the localization of chess clubs in the city. The researcher states, that in ...

In this article, we consider the historical aspects of the 1807—1813 situation in East Prussia and describe current Russian and international historiography of the 1813—1814 Foreign Campaign of the Russian Army and of the Russian-Prussian alliance against Napoleonic France. We conclude that East Prussia played a central role in the political,...

On the basis of war-time sources, this article reconstructs the image of East Prussia created by Soviet propaganda and considers the context of its formation. The author demonstrates the use of this image over post-war decades. Propaganda discourse is interpreted as a practice of cultural assimilation of East Prussia. 1.  Бирковский ...

... practical application of ideas and principles of progressive agriculture consistent with a more general area of organic agriculture. Special attention is paid to the modern agricultural practice in the territory of the Kaliningrad region — former East Prussia — and the possibilities to use the methods for increasing land fertility that were intensively employed by Prussians. 1. Seidelmann, F. R. 2003, Melioracija pochv [Amelioration of soil], Moscow, Izd-vo MGU, 448 p. 2. Kostyashov, Yu. V. 2010,...

... Kaliningradskoi oblasti [The Big Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Kaliningrad Region] / ed. by V. N. Maslov. Kaliningrad. 2. Gal'tsov, V. I., Yusupov, V. S., Kulakov, V. I. et al., 1996. Vostochnaya Prussiya. S drevneishikh vremen do kontsa vtoroi mirovoi voiny [East Prussia. From ancient times to the end of the Second World War]. Kaliningrad. 3. Kretinin, G. V., 2007. Istoriya Zapadnoi Rossii. Kaliningradskaya oblast': Uchebnometodicheskoe posobie dlya uchitelei obshcheobrazovatel'nykh shkol. 6—7 klassy [History ...

... examines the course and outcome of the operations of the 1st Russian Army during the second stage of the East Prussian offensive in Au­gust 1914. The author used the example of an infantry division to analyse its combat operations in the battles in East Prussia and its disbandment follow­ing the operation. The failure of the Russian invasion to Germany at the be­ginning of the First World War led to the disbandment of two divisions that could not withstand the severity of the defeat. The injustice ...

... боевых действий // Восточно-Прусская операция Красной Армии 1945 г. М., 1946. Kretinin Gennady 10.5922/2079-8555-2010-2-9 91-98 history, Kaliningrad region, war, operation, phases of war, offensive, East Prussia, Pillau, spit, Frische Nehrung, strait

The key aspect of incorporation of Prussians, who inhabited the South-East of Baltic region, into the social system of the State of Teutonic Order in the second half of the XIIIth—XIVth centuries was the distribution among them of land estates in exchange of military service and/or taxes. The military duties of Prussians involving defense of lands and participating in the campaigns against political rivals of Order raised the issue of the composition of their weapons which indicated either preserving...

This article considers the architecture of the second third of the 19th century in Eastern Prussia, belonging to the period of German Romanticism. The author focuses on the reasons behind the development of this trend and the role of the King of Eastern Prussia, Frederick William IV, and the architect, F.-A. Stüler, in the history and architecture ...

... originating from Bolotov’s memoirs, the Königsberg pages of which were written more than 30 years after the events described. Bolotov’s memoirs are compared with his correspondence of the time and the archival materials of the Russian administration of East Prussia during the Seven Years’ War. It is concluded that Bolotov’s status was ambivalent. Although serving as a translator at the governor’s office, he never had an official rank. The study makes it possi­ble to clarify the role that Bolotov had ...

... and restoration of both objects. The history of the Cathedral and Kant's grave is examined in the context of politics of memory pursued by the regional authorities. Changes in the attitudes towards the German historical and cultural heritage of former East Prussia are traced. The supplement contains 16 documents from the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region, 14 of which are published for the first time. 1. Klemesheva, M. A. 2000, O sud'be Korolevskogo zamka [The fate of the Royal Castle], Kaliningradskie ...

... awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the fort storming. The article is based on the unpublished documents dating from 1970—1980s from the archives of the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art which are related to the events of the East Prussian invasion. The author studies the process of including the former German fortress in the historical memory of the Soviet Kaliningrad inhabitants. The article identifies the reasons for the museumisation of the fortress among other fortification ...

This article analyzes the memoirs of August Winnig, Reichskommissar and Oberpräsident of East Prussia, covering the time from the revolutionary events of early 1919 to the Kapp Putsch in March 1920, against the back­ground of the foreign-policy situation and inner-party struggle in the prov­ince. Particular attention is paid to the political ...

This article considers the features of urban restoration in East Prussia after World War I. In a difficult economic situation, the system of restoration works was clearly structured. In the interbellum, the public development policy for the province was formulated in accordance with the contemporary urban development ...

The influence of German-Polish relations on the status of the Polish national minority in East Prussia in 1918—1939 is considered in the article. 1. Wrzesi ń ski W . Ruch polski na Warmii , Mazurach i Powi ś lu w latach 1920—1939. Wroc ł aw ; Warszawa ; Krak ó w , 1993. 2. Cha ł upczak H . II Rzeczpospolita a mniejszo ...

This article examines the main stages of territorial administration system development in Eastern Prussia in terms of political, economical and social dynamics. 1. Бокман Х. Немецкий орден. М., 2004. 2. Ивановский В. Государственное право // Известия и ученые записки Казан­ского ...

After the World War II, the part of East Prussia taken by the Soviet Union was transformed into a gigantic Soviet military base. It performed the functions of the outpost in the West on the one hand; and on the other hand, of the barrier which helped the USSR to ensure the dependence of the ...

... Donelaitis’s and Kant’s temporologies are similar in terms of personal responsibility for time, which both authors associate with the possibility of freedom. The ‘mystery of freedom’ is a means to combat the ‘mystery of inequity’. 1. Vostochnaja Prussia [Eastern Prussia]. 1996, Kaliningrad. 2. Gulyga, A. 1977, Kant, Moscow. 3. Donelaitis, K. 2005, Vremena goda [Seasons], Kaliningrad. 4. Kant, I. 1994 a, K vechnomu miru [To eternal peace]. In: Kant, I. Sobr. Soch. v 8 t. [Works in ...

The author studies the activity of Russian military engineers operating under the command of D. I. Debosket in the army of S. F. Apraksin on the territory of Prussia during the Seven Years' War. It is shown that as the province was occupied by Russian troops, the engineering tasks were changing: there was a transition from equipping the track infrastructure to restoring defensive facilities. Restoration work ...

This article considers the issues of establishment and activity of commandant’s offices of the Third Belorussian front on the territory of Prussia at the closing stage of World War II. 1.  Кретинин Г.   В. Еще раз о военных комендатурах Кёнигсбергского особого военного округа в 1945—1946 годах // Вестник ...

This article analyses the position of labour migrants from Russia in East Prussia in the end of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century. The author considers legal and economic assistance provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire to its citizens on the basis of recently discovered reports of Russian ...

The author focuses on the historical events of the late war period and the first post-war years, which resulted in the loss of the pedigree livestock and sorted seeds created by East Prussian stock-breeders and plant-breeders. The article describes the variety of breeding conditions of the first years in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Агроуказания по плодоводству для колхозов и совхозов ...

The article analyses the development of photography in the 19—20th centuries, the themes of East Prussian resort photos, as well as the professional activity and biographical facts about German photographers. 1.  Stiegler B. Zeigen Fotografien Geschichte? // Fotogeschichte: Beiträge zur Ge­schichte und Ästhetik der Fotografie....

The article explores the biography of Professor Paul Henry Gerber (1863-1919), a bright representative of the intellectual elite of Königsberg at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. A native of the capital of the German province East Prussia, he was an outstanding otorhino­lar­yngologist, a lecturer at the University of Königsberg, as well as an original poet and pub­li­cist. The study, based on biographical and narrative methods, reveals the main stages of Ger­ber’s life,...

... essence of the city to the transition beyond the material, to the city as a noumenon, a thing-in-itself. Blacker, U., 2015. Writing from the Ruins of Europe: Representing Kaliningrad in Rus­sian Literature from Brodsky to Buida. The Slavonic and East European Review, 93 (4), pp. 601—625. Bolotov, A. T., 2022. Zhizn' i priklyucheniya Andreya Bolotova, opisannye samim im dlya svoikh potomkov. 1757—1762 [The life and adventures of Andrei Bolotov, descri­bed by him for his descendants. 1757—1762]....

Part of East Prussia was ceded to the Soviet Union after the defeat of Nazi Germany. As a result, the local toponymy changed completely. The author analyses the documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archives of Socio- Political ...

... путь и венеды // Проблемы археологии. 1998. Вып. 4. С. 198—208. 10. Bitner-Wróblewska A. East European Enamelled Ornaments and the Charakter of Contacts between Baltic and Black Sea // Inter ambo maria. Contacts berween ... ... im 1. und 2. Jahrhundert. München, 1965. 15. Jankuhn H. Gürtelgarnituren der älteren römischen Kaiserzeit im Samlande // Prussia. 1933. Bd. 30, H. 1. S. 3—62. 16. Jankuhn H. Zur räumliche Gliederung der älteren Kaiserzeit in Ostpreussen // Archaeologia ...

This article examines the adaptation of historically developed East Prussian settlement system to the new objectives and functions during the formation of the Kaliningrad region. The author offers an overview of the basic urban development trends in the course of the region’s formation in the ages of Stalin (partial ...

This article analyses the condition of settlements, manors (Landschlösser), castles, churches of East Prussia on the territory of today’s Kaliningrad region. It is shown that almost all historical sites of this type are either ruined or close to this condition. The author stresses the need to take urgent measures to preserves such sites or organise ...

... occupations, which was more or less popularizing. It began during Kant’s lifetime and concluded with the last echoes of Königsberg culture while the town was no more part of Germany. It was an important part of the whole philosophical culture of East Prussia, and, in some sense, even a factor of self-identification. This process, with a large variety of tasks and solutions in its interlacing and intermittent threads, has played an important role at the beginnings and development of other lines of ...

... bringing together both nobility and aristocracy and ordinary curious citizens. The reasons behind this phenomenon were the geographical, geopolitical, and cultural and historical position of Königsberg — a large provincial trade and cultural centre of East Prussia. The focus of the article is the historical and documentary analysis of the group ‘portrait’ of the participants of Königsberg meetings described in the novel Lebensläufe nach aufsteigender Linie by Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel, who served ...

By the end of the 19th century, after three partitions of Rzeczpospolita by the neighbouring powers, about half of its territory became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. These geopolitical changes had significant social implications for the Polish population.Jan Swiecicki was one of many Polish students to be sent to German-speaking gymnasia. Some of them continued their education at the oldest Prussian university,...

The article examines the ways in which the original East Prussian and new Soviet oikonyms were concorded during the post-war renaming of some settlements in the Kaliningrad region. A comparative phonetic and semantic analysis of the respective names revealed that the same thematic correlation (with a predominance ...

The article distinguishes the specificity of the renaming of different land forms. The renaming was carried out after the former East Prussia had become part of the Soviet Union. The article has a special focus on describing minor errors, comparison of the original oronyms with the new ones, and eliciting the ways of coordination between them. 1. Петешова О. В. Способы ...