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... evidence of the existence of God, which is completely absent in Religion. Religion places a much stronger emphasis on the need for the moral perfection of human beings than the Lectures do. However, it would be wrong to assume that the Lectures present a position different from the responsibility of human beings for their own moral condition and its development. 1. Kant, I. 2016, Lekzii o philosophskom uchenii o religii [Lectures on the philosophical doctrine of religion] (editors K. G. L. Paliza) ...

... transcending the available rational knowledge. Such an approach to the role of metaphysics, as well as demarcation of the border between philosophy and psychology amid the need for coherent knowledge provoked sharp criticism. The author describes Vvednesky’s position, which can be traced in all of his later works. Its central elements is the need to create a coherent understanding of the world providing answers to all the phenomena of human existence, including those traditionally interpreted as objects of ...

... meanings of the term ‘pure’, which suggests that thinking in itself — rather than external influences — is an impetus for the movement,. It is concluded that, having overcome the dualism of reception and spontaneity, critical idealism received a positive impulse. They are consistent with each other, because the idea — understood as a hypothesis — forms the basis for (scientific) knowledge. Therefore, critical idealism can be defined as the idealism of ideas as opposed to the idealism of the ...

This article considers the key aspects of P. Natorp’s aesthetics in the system of his philosophy and identifies the legitimate position of aesthetics in the structure of philosophical disciplines: logic, ethics, and philosophy of religion. The author analyses the understanding of aesthetics and philosophyof arts and creative works in line with the Neo-Kantian tradition. The article ...

... development consists in a comprehensive critique of social reality by a citizen capable of self-determination is considered against the background of Rousseau’s ideas, who defended the right of people to revolution. The reconstruction of Kant’s position is followed by a discussion of possible theoretical problems relating to the implementation of this project. It isstressed that the project can function only when the interests of government and citizen coincides. Russian history is addressed ...

... probably unconsciously, in the conditions of newly established autonomy, he discovers the heteronomous orientation of the “compassion” and “fear” existentials underlying his theory of catharsis. In Lessing’s system, these “vertically” positioned psychological states prove to be bridges to nature, in which he seeks the truth. It explains his theory of realism in Hamburg Dramaturgy, which differs radically from Kant’s philosophy.Lessing’s theory of art is characterized by aesthetic ...

... touchupon a central point of Kant’s developing moral philosophy — show that the text on both sides of the sheet could not have been written before the last third of the 1780s. Finally, it will be shown that the term ‘moraltheologie’, and the positive connection between moral philosophy and theologycontained in it, is a relatively late innovation in the Kantian corpus. A central reflection bearing on this point, R 4582 (AA, XVII, S. 601), will also be used to clarify several features of Erich ...

... being as a holder of rights and responsibilities rather than a being affected by emotions and passion as from the psychological perspective or that guided by their own interests as from the economic one.The Russian philosopher also stresses the evident positivity of the definition of ethics in Cohen’s principle of the law of truth that can be correctly perceived only within a combination of the logical and the ethical. 1. Дмитриева Н. А. Русское неокантианство: Марбург ...

... This tradition created a sub-system of creative communication and leisure bringing together both nobility and aristocracy and ordinary curious citizens. The reasons behind this phenomenon were the geographical, geopolitical, and cultural and historical position of Königsberg — a large provincial trade and cultural centre of East Prussia. The focus of the article is the historical and documentary analysis of the group ‘portrait’ of the participants of Königsberg meetings described in the novel ...

“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of highest essence, possible types of arguments for the existent of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called “Transcendental...

... criticism of systemic knowledge in general and metaphysics in particular. In the argument between the advocates of the Leibniz-Wolff geometric philosophy and their opponents — enlighteners-eclecticists and pietists, Tetens manages to take a neutral position conducting a synthesis of the British observingphilosophy, French ‘reasoning philosophy’, and the Leibniz-Wolff ‘geometric philosophy’. Tetens attempts to show the limitedness of common understanding and the supremacyof scientific reason....

... which has significantly influenced Kant’s pre-Critical writings. Reducing that crucial distinction between two substances to the empirical sphere and the interpretation of soul and body as homogeneous phenomena are the main peculiarities of Kant’s position. 1. Blackwell R. J. Christian Wolff's Doctrine of the Soul // Journal of the History of Ideas. 1961. № 3. 2. Borsche T., Kaulbach F. Leib, Körper // Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie / Hrsg. von J. Ritter, K. Gründer. Bd. 5. Basel,...

... history through developing the main ideas of philosophy of history formulated by his teacher, the founder of the Marburg School of Neokantianism, H. Cohen. The author emphasizes the cardinal importance of philosophy of history for the philosophical position of the Russian thinker. 1. Каган М. И. Автобиографические заметки // Каган М. И. О ходе истории / ред.-сост. В. Л. Махлин. М., 2004. С. 24—28. 2. Каган М. И. Герман ...

1. Austin, 1956: Austin J. L. Ifs and C ans // Proceedings of the British Academy. 1956. Vol. 42. 2. Black, 1940: Black M. Relations between Logical Positivism and the Cambridge School of Analysis // Erkenntnis. 1939—1940. Vol. 8. 3. Black, 1964: Black M. A Companion to Wittgenstein’s TRACTATUS. 4. Carnap, 1931: Carnap R. Überwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache // Erkenntnis. 1931. Vol. 2. 5. Carnap, 1934: Carnap R. Logische Syntax der Sprache. Wien : Julius Springer, 1934...

1. Austin J. L. Ifs and Cans // Proceedings of the British Academy. 1956. Vol. 42. 2. Black M. Relations between Logical Positivism and the Cambridge School of Analysis // Erkenntnis. 1939—1940. Vol. 8. 3. Black M. A. Companion to Wittgenstein’s TRACTATUS, 1964. 4. Carnap R. Überwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache // Erkenntnis. 1931. Vol. 2. 5. Carnap R. Logische Syntax der Sprache. Wien, 1934. 6. Fodor J. The Language of Thought. N. Y., 1975. 7. Gellner E. Words and...

... the seeds of a nihilistic philosophy of marriage and family. Kant's opinions about the reasons of inacceptability of false and, as a matter of fact, contractually based forms of matrimonial unions, proceed in undermining still more the basics of his positive philosophy of family, and supply additional arguments for a reform of Kantian philosophy of matrimonial law. In the expositions of Kant’s philosophy of marriage, when purified from this naturalistic premise, there can be traced some more integral ...

... that accompanied the process of investigation, provided multi-level business communication (from a superior to an inferior, from an inferior to a superior, between equal-status communicants). The business letter is established to occupy a peripheral position in the system of the Don Army documents, because, despite obtaining unity in some form features, it was still an underdeveloped document type. It was manifested in irregular self-designation, variable directions of communication, and capability ...

... since the beginning of the XX century. The influence of Anglo-American linguistic and cultural globalization has led to an increase in the productivity of this model and to semantic specification of the prefix, which serves as a marker of an exclusively positive evaluation.

... Sienkiewicz’s and Korolenko’s disclosure of American themes. It is emphasized that the vision of America by both writers is ambivalent. From the point of view of Polish and Russian writers, America gives a chance for individual fulfillment, but the positions of both authors indicate their patriotism. This is confirmed, in particular, by nostalgic motifs in the novels “For Daily Bread” and “Without Language”.

... and the reflection of the worldview of travelers exhausted by difficult living conditions. Analytical observations of the text of the novel also give grounds to assert that the artistic embodiment of meteorological phenomena occupies a strong textual position in it and reflects the specifics of the narrative style of the genre of diary entries.

... features of the conceptualization of prayer, objectified by the compatibility of the keyword, and reconstructs the primary image of “Person”: figuratively, prayer is attributed to procedural features inherent in a person. They are characterized by positive connotative evaluation. It is proved that the categorization of prayer using an anthropomorphic cultural code is a consequence of implementing a communicative cognitive strategy. Tolstoy names the following functions of prayer: it helps to achieve ...

... language (analytical adjective, prefixoid) or according to the derivational model of the recipient language (ra­dixoid, affixoid, root). It is substantiated that the prepositive component top- acts as a sociopragmatic marker with the value of the highest position held by the compared objects in various ratings. High derivational activity of the component is attributed to the extralinguistic factor, which is the principle of competitiveness characteristic of the consumer society. Formed from the ab­breviation ...

... linguistic units are used in key fragments of the hagiographic text in order to describe and characterize people, objects and phenomena of reality. In this case, the following parame­ters are relevant: the nature of the emotion indicated by the verb (positive / negative) and its intensity (low / medium / high). 1. Апресян Ю. Д. Образ человека по данным языка: попытка системного опи­сания // Вопросы языкознания. 1995. ...

... psychological defenses and stagnation of personal self-determination. The differences are in the conditions of the mechanism and in the results of personal self-determination. If teenag­ers reject the modern self-image in virtual spaces, they form a positive value of the Self, but the self-image is childish. If teenagers advocate a modern self-image, then there is a “split” in the assessment of the self-image: the real Self is radically different from the ideal Self. Escapism can be dangerous ...

... Mezler Lexikon Sprache. Stuttgart ; Weimar, 2010. S. 667. 11. GroBes Fremdwoárterbuch. Leipzig, 1984. 12. GroBes Woárterbuch der deutschen Aussprache. GWDA / E.-M. Krech, E. Kurka, H. Stelzig, E. Stock et al. 1 Aufl. Leipzig, 1982. 13. Heinemann R. Die Position der ARD-Aussprachedatenbank zwischen den Polen «so original wie moáglich» und «so deutsch wie moáglich» // Abstracts zum Kongress der Gesellschaft fuár Angewandte Linguistik e. V. Woárter — Wissen — Woárterbuch. Erlangen, 2012. 14....

... Lotman put it, of the Saint Petersburg space. We conclude that Mickiewicz’s eschatology of Saint Petersburg is linked to the biblical myth of Babylon. Nominal rhetorical detachment permeates his perception of the Saint Petersburg flood. Pushkin’s position consists of two elements: the presence of a bystander in the text and compassion for Evegenii who falls victim to the flood. Pushkin combines an apologetic statist perception of ‘Peter’s own creation’ with tragic existential realisation ...

... atlases and distance learning elements in studying clinical anatomy cases. The findings suggest that traditional assessment methods neither improve academic performance nor contribute to «knowledge longevity». Using digital anatomical maps, however, is positively associated with better knowledge of the discipline. Teamwork on clinical anatomy cases while employing interactive 3D anatomical atlases, learning surgical skills as part of a surgical team, and role reversal increase motivation and build the ...

... activity as well as in the requirements for training mediators in Russia, the United Kingdom and the USA. The researcher states the need for a humanist outlook and the ability to conduct social and humanitarian practices, crucial for the professional position of a mediator. According to the author, bachelors in Humanities have a certain advantage in the development of readiness for mediation. The author works out the model of readiness for mediation as a universal competence. The structure of this ...

... in a list of Russian and the corresponding English pairs of adverbs. Chains of quasi-synonymous words linking the adverbs are constructed. An important feature of antonyms is the fact that negatively-oriented antonyms are marked with respect to the positive ones. The different methods for the determination of semantic metrics in the Osgood’s space are described. Usage of geodesic dis­tance between two arbitrary words enables introduction of unambiguous met­rics over the set of Russian (axes ...

... representation in Serbian journalism turns out to be connected with the modern psychological state of the nation, the peculiari­ties of the national mentality, which, in turn, determines the key features of the author-journalist, speaking from the position of a author-national. 1. Аристотель. Риторика. М., 1994. 2. Виноградов В. В. О теории художественной речи. М., 1971. 3. Захарова Е. П. Коммуникативная категория ...

The article explores motivation for sports activity in teenagers during initial sports training. It is shown that positive emotions, deriving pleasure from sports is the prevailing motivation. The authors conclude that there is an insufficient degree of sports ambitions, striving for a better result in sports, and lack of competitiveness. However, in general sports ...

... perceptions of students of Chinese, Tajik, Armenian, Kazakh and Russian cultures, emphasizes the dependence of the type of ethnic identity on such a parameter as social distance. Also, the authors provide a list of actions which may contribute to a positive ethnic identity and adequate social perception of members of other cultures, which can diminish a number of interethnic interaction problems. 1. Брушлинский А. В. Социальная психология в России и теория ...

The author explores the function and role of modal particles in the texts of the St. Petersburg Vedomosti newspaper. Modal particles are describes as a means of representing the position of the author of newspaper texts, and speaking broadly, and a means of expressing subjective modality. Modal particles accentuate modal and textual meanings and bring socially significant information to the reader. The author analyses the role ...

The article establishes the boundaries of the musical analogy in the comments of H. Broch to the novel «Death of Virgil». In the novel, musicality is associated with the motives of ‘voice’ and ‘hearing’. Noting the propensity to onomatopoeia in the work of J. Joyce, H. Broch aims to depict the music of human speech. By doing so, he follows the prevailing tendencies in the music art of the beginning of the 20th century, reviving interest in vocal genres (cantata, oratorios). 1. Broch H. Der Tod des...

The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of cognitive functions for high performance in sports. Cognitive training is one of the ways to develop cognitive functions. The study shows a positive influence of the method proposed on the state of cognitive functions in young athletes in the recovery period of the training cycle. The results obtained can significantly improve the effectiveness of relaxation exercises in young athletes. ...

... типов // Психология. Историко-критические обзоры и современные исследования. 2014. № 6. С. 82—97. 12. Baumeister R. F., Vohs K. D. The Pursuit of Meaningfulness in Life // Handbook of Positive Psychology / eds. C. R. Snyder, S. J. Lopez. N. Y., 2001. P. 453—458. 13. Chamberlain K., Zika S. Religiosity, life meaning, and wellbeing: Some relationships in a sample of women // Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 1988. Vol. ...

... Journal of Studies in Intercultural Educa¬tion. 2006. № 10. P. 241—266. 10. Fantini A. E. Language, culture, and worldview: Exploring the nexus // International Journal of Intercultural Relations. 1995. № 19. P. 143—153. 11. Ganesh S. & Holmes P. Positioning intercultural dialogue — theories, pragmatics, and an agenda // Journal of International and Intercultural Communication. 2011. № 4 (2). P. 81—86. 12. Hammer M. R., Bennett M. J., Wiseman R. L. Measuring intercultural sensitivity: The ...

... between the principles of building the plot of songs and the methods of creating the poetic model of the world in the central and peripheral areas of this type of songs. This internal asymmetry of the analysed context is associated with the borderline position of the songs in literature. 1. Блатной фольклор : [сайт]. URL: http://www.blat.dp.ua (дата обращения: 24.04.2016). 2. Визбор Ю. Верю в семиструнную гитару. М., 1994. 3. Высоцкий ...

This article stresses the central position of moral and spiritual education in the modern educational paradigm. The values and meanings associated with the notion of ‘moral and spiritual education’ are considered. The author stresses the relevance of reintroducing moral and spiritual ...

... The practical results of multicultural education introduced at Kaliningrad school No 53 are summarised. Perspectives on the role of multicultural education in the development of a primary school student’s personality and the formation of their civic position are presented. 1. Андреев А. Л. Социокультурный профиль России // Педагогика. 2002. № 6. С. 20—28. 2. Баграмов А. А. Актуальные проблемы развития национальных ...

... developing practica for other university programmes. As a methodological framework for organising pedagogical practica, the study uses the praxeological approach, which ensures the openness, integrity, and high efficiency of the practicum as well as positive motivation for teaching. It also facilitates the development of a creative type of professional behaviour. Special attention to the content and technology of organising practica results in successful teaching experience of university students....

... is of particular importance in modern conditions; it must be assessed based not only on the mastery of educational programs, but also on the successful implementation of and demand for the professional knowledge obtained. The region’s geopolitical position makes it necessary to provide university graduates with competitive competences. Therefore, active cooperation between a university and employers makes it possible to modernise the process of training specialists in physical education and sports ...

... reinterpreted at different stages of romantic thought. Stepping out into the open, which expresses liberation from limitations imposed on the individual, is one of the key motives in the novels of Jena period, while the Heidelberg novel stresses the positive value of “limits”. 1. Васкиневич А. И. Символ в творчестве гейдельбергских романтиков : автореф. дис. ... канд. филол. наук. М., 2000. 2. Жирмунский ...

In the information society, criticism assumes a special role in the system of genre and stylistic differentiation of media texts. The media culture of new generation is faced with the problem of studying the discursive characteristics of criticism of modern media genres. The analysed examples of criticism from German press focusing on arts and culture make it possible to reveal certain trends in the media perception in the early 21st century 1. Богоявленский А. Е. PR и журналистика: поговорим о...

... of the family. A lack of supervi-sion is a more important delinquency factor than an adverse socioeconomic situation. It is emphasised that the mother plays the central role in the system of re-lationships of children and adolescents. A decrease in positive attitude to the mother and an increase in the number of negative descriptors when speaking of her is correlated with growing negativisation of all social relationships of a personality. It is stressed that parent-child relationships characterised ...

This article describes the dynamics of developing future specialist’s preparedness for improving relationships between children of pre-school age. The author presents the results of an experiment demonstrating the positive dynamics of preparedness development and its components in undergraduate and graduate students of a pedagogical university. The article describes levels of preparedness formation: minimum, stable, and maximum. The effectiveness of the author’s ...

... perceived self-efficacy have smaller and poorly differentiated social contacts networks. These characteristics of social networks can subsequently lead to increased narcissistic tendencies in adolescents in isolation, as well as reduce their range of positive identifications and behavior role models. 1. Blyth D. A., Traeger C. Adolescent self-esteem and perceived relationships with parents and peers // Social networks of children, adolescents, and college students. Hillsdale, 1988. Р. 171—193....

... linguisticstylistic and pragmalinguistic means employed in the texts of his political speeches. Special attention is paid to the strategy of dialogue with supporters, which includes the tactics of cohesion, promises, compliments and praise, "indirect positive pressure”, question formation, and behavior regulation through giving advice. 1. Гаджиев К. С. Политическая наука. М., 1994. 2. Дейк Т. А. ван. Язык. Познание. Коммуникация. М....

... specific characteristics are outlined, and the principles of organizing an inclusive educational space are formulated. Special attention is paid to the results of a SWOT-analysis that made it possible to identify the hierarchy of opportunity and threat positioning in inclusive educational space within corresponding matrices and develop strategies for using the strengths in grasping opportunities and mitigating threats. The authors also describe specific stages of strategy implementation. 1. Беккер ...