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... necessity to consider semiotic activity, that may operate autonomously from human cognition. In this regard, Charles Peirce’s latest conception of semiosis is of particular interest. For Peirce, semiosis is an interpretation that doesn't necessitate an external interpreter. A sign is viewed as a quasi-mind, and semiotic processes are carried out by these signs, specifically through the quasi-minds that are embedded within them: a quasi-utterer and a quasi-interpreter. Semiosis can thus be viewed as ...

... science which is currently in a state of stagnation. This crisis is caused by the inade­quate meth­odology used in linguistic research. It defines the paradigm of so-called ‘normal’ science, which suppresses innovation. The dualistic philosophy of external realism continues to be the epistemo­logical foundation of ‘normal’ linguistics, and neither mainstream cognitive science nor cogni­tive linguistics has been able to break away from it. The author argues that a new, constructivist epistemology ...

... text that encodes the key parameters of the semantic organisation of urban environment. Hermeneutic presuppositions and initial cultural conditions for such an analysis are formulated. Based on the visual semiotics of Umberto Eco, it is shown that the external temple decoration of Vladimir acts both as an aesthetic object and as a semiotic construction. In line with the logical semantics of Gottlob Frege, the denotative (meaningful) and connotative (semantic) levels of coding and decoding of sacred ...

... concept of speech act. At the same time, these concepts were separated according to whether a narrative, inducement, a description, or an imperative was present in the text. Similar to the narrative, the performative is created under pressure from various external factors associated with the system of public communica­tions, to which the author is exposed, and a multitude of reasons that reflect in his or her mind external processes. All these factors and influences transmute in the course of text crea­tion; ...

... a Thing that Thinks”. In: D. Garber and B. Longuenesse, eds. Kant and the Early Moderns. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, pp. 9-31. Mendelssohn, M., 2012. Last Works. Illinois: University of Illinois Press. Moore, G. E., 1993a. Proof of an External World. In: G. E. Moore, 1993. Selected Writings. Ed. by E. Baldwin. London: Routledge, pp. 147-170. Moore, G. E., 1993b. The Refutation of Idealism. In: G. E. Moore, 1993. Selected Writings. Ed. by E. Baldwin. London: Routledge, pp. 23-44. Paton,...

... Gerechtihkeit — that has the meaning of justice. Moreover, such translation of Billigkeit creates a false connection with the realm of law, which Kant tried to avoid stressing the difference between Billigkeit and Gerechtigkeit. If Gerechtigkeit relates to external deeds subject to legal regulation and external enforcement, Billigkeit relates to tacit intentions and dispositions that cannot be controlled from the outside. This supports the thesis about the difference between ethics and law and the need ...

... 17. Rescher, 1973: Rescher N. The Coherence Theory of Truth. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1973. 18. Rorty, 1980: Rorty R. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1980. 19. Russell, 1914: Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. Reprinted in: Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. L. : Allen & Unwin, 1949. 20. Russell, 1924: Russell B. Logical Atomism // Contemporary ...

... Notes on Philosophy, Probability and Mathematics / ed. by Galavotti M. C. Napoli, 1991. 17. Rescher N. The Coherence Theory of Truth. Oxford, 1973. 18. Rorty R. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Oxford, 1980. 19. Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. Reprinted in Russell B. Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. L., 1949. 20. Russell B. Logical Atomism // Contemporary British Philosophy. First ...

This article focuses on the problems of external studies and explains the methods of increasing its efficiency. 1. Бабанский Ю. К. Интенсификация процесса обучения // Биология в шко­ле. 1987. № 1. 2. Вершинин В.   Н. ...

... dynamics. Based on logical imitation modeling, the research identifies the conditions of their highest coherence and self-regulation as the mechanisms to strengthen the cyclical dynamics of regional reproduction and achieve the stronger re­sistance to external fluctuations. Within the model construction the research also proposes the hypothesis about the transfer of the Kitchin cycles’ dynamics from the innovation and technological sphere, respectively, to other subsystems of regional reproduc­tion....

The tourism industry of the Kaliningrad region is one of the most dynamically develop­ing components of the regional economy. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the region's tourist volume was formed mainly due to external tourist flows. With the onset of the pandemic, there was a fear of an increase in the crisis situation in the industry, caused by a sharp de­crease in the number of tourists visiting the region from other regions of Russia. The main purpose ...

... region of Russia under the conditions of geoeconomic turbulence. Using complementary methods of the economic-statistical analysis of dynamic series and expert interviewing, the author describes multidimensional intra-regional processes triggered by external economic shifts. Empirical research shows a decrease in several economic indicators and the response of the re­gion's economy to external challenges. The Rostov region is capable of the mobilization of its productive forces while forming new ...

... стат. сб. Калининград, 2014. 32. Численность и миграция населения Калининградской области в 2014 году : стат. сб. Калининград, 2015. 33. Yemelyanova L., Lyalina A. External Migration Development in the Kaliningrad Region in the 1990—2000th // Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015. Vol. 6, № 6. P. 77—83. 34. Lyalina A. Intensity of the Kaliningrad Region’s Migration Links with Russian Territories ...

... of state activity is the attempt to apply standard mechanisms of governmental regional development regulation that neglect the unique nature of this Russian territory: its enclave/exclave status, the settling history of the region, the dependence on external markets, etc. To solve the problems of the Kaliningrad region, the state should partially revise its ideology, including the views on external connections of Russia’s constituents. Moreover, Russia should coordinate its activity in the Baltic ...

... significant differences in the functioning of the main regulatory systems of the body under changing lighting conditions. The study reveals that artificial light exposure disrupts normal biorhythmological processes, weakens the body’s resistance to external stressors, and increases the risk of pathological conditions. The results highlight the role of natural lighting cycles in maintaining normal homeostasis and ecological stability of the human body in a modern urbanized environment. Prolonged ...

... related to its international actorness, as well as a number of EU initiatives aimed at establishing more flexible forms of cooperation, including in the field of foreign policy. The concept complements existing formats of differentiated inte­gration and external differentiation in cooperation with the European Union. The purpose of the study is to expand existing concepts of cooperation with the EU that go beyond standard de jure membership. Event analysis and comparative analysis were employed as the ...

... abdication, a sacralized perception of his figure persisted in society. The cited examples indicate the pres­ence of loyalist sentiments within monarchist circles during the First World War, which did not significantly change under the influence of external or internal political circumstances. In this regard, this model of perception of the emperor may conditionally be described as static. The opposing model of perception of the monarch is characterized by a negative dynamic in attitudes toward ...

... 1920s. The first quarter of the XX century was a time of severe trials for the whole of Russia in general and the Far East in particular: World War I; Civil War; foreign intervention. All this time, the Vladivostok Harbor was in fact the only source of external contacts of the remote region. Being the largest Russian port on the Pacific Ocean, Vladivostok has historically been a kind of center of attraction, both in socio-economic and military-political aspects. However, the destroyed logistics chains ...

... elimination, the evolution of meanings, and the functions of illustrative details. The analysis is conducted on the material of Chekhov's story "The Teacher of Literature." The main focus of the study is the linguistics of creating an ensemble of external and psychological details, symbolic details, and transposing details in each of the two narrative blocks of the story. Special attention is given to the analysis of the formation and functioning of transposing details, i. e., details in their ...

... entrepreneurs, key problems faced by local producers were identi­fied and certain practical tools were proposed that can provide a solution to some of these problems. One of the main conclusions of this study is the assurance that despite the change in external conditions that have negatively affected the conditions of operation, small busi­nesses in the Kaliningrad region continue to work and are actively developing, thereby providing conditions for the development of rural areas of the Kaliningrad ...

... nearby deposits that, while geographically close, exhibited local differences in trace element composition, impacting the technological characteristics of the ceramics. Additionally, rare instances of foreign ceramics were identified, indicating some external connections. Thus, the results of these interdisciplinary studies, which sometimes yield unexpected and significant insights that are difficult or even impossible to obtain using traditional methods, demonstrate the clear potential for further ...

... (дата обращения: 31.10.2023). 24. Sudan // The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). URL: https://oec.world/en/profile/country/sdn (дата обращения: 06.10.2023). 25. Sudan Country Report. 2013. URL: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2013/cr13317.pdf (дата обращения: 06.11.2023). 26. Sudan dissolves paramilitary RSF, abolishes its controversial law. URL: https://sudantribune.com/article276941/ (дата обращения: 06.11.2023). 27. Sudan ...

... constructed using surviving images of the market street-square alongside photographs, literature and research works, local history evidence, individual housing plans, design details and other data. Restoring the volumetric and spatial composition and external appearance of the facades is complicated by the absence of historical sources dating back to the study period when the aesthetic of buildings was dominated by the style features of late Baroque, Rococo and early Classicism. Although the houses ...

... management: initiation, planning, management, and control. The web service is developed using the Moodle educational electronic course management system. It includes four categories of users: administrator, instructor (project learning leader), student, and external client. This solution allows for the support of project-based learning, considering the interests of students, project learning leaders, clients, and the educational organization. project, project activity, project training, university students,...

... socio-geographical approach is adopted to this end. Spatial features of energy security are identified based on a typology of relevant factors — conceptual objectives and avenues to act on. The case of the Kaliningrad region, an exclave highly dependent on external energy supplies, is examined to provide insight into possible scenarios for ensuring the territory’s energy securi­ty and the conditions for each course of events to unfold. The findings of the study suggest potential pathways for enhancing ...

... C. Klohr. Cambridge: The MIT Press. Wood, A. V. and O’Neill, O., 1998. Kant on Duties Regarding Nonrational Nature. Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume, 72(1), pp. 189-228. deep ecology, shallow ecology, Kant, ecological ethics, teleology, external purposiveness, “mechanism of nature”, J.-M. Schaeffer, causality 86-111 10.5922/0207-6918-2023-4-5

This text is a polemic against the 2023 article by Sergey N. Gradirovsky who wrote about the present-day relevance of Immanuel Kant’s concept of enlightenment and challenged the idea of the modern human being as a child who needs an external guardian or guide to control his behaviour. In my polemic with Gradirovksy I point out that in addition to “self-incurred immaturity” Kant writes about the historical “immaturity” of savage or backward peoples. I also argue that for Kant ...

... history and in his reflections on politics, right and justice, essentially boils down to three points of the philosophy of balance: the balance between development and justice (Kantian republicanism), between the speed and stability of development (external policy, the Kantian peace project), and between the short-term and long-term perspectives (reform policy). I then touch upon the problem of the implementation of Kantian principles in politics in the light of the reception of Kant in the modern ...

... Old Russian particle TI1 as has been proved by Zaliznjak on the basis of formal conditions, constraining the position of this particle in the clausal structure. Meanwhile, Zaliznjak failed to provide a lexicographical description of TI1 and reliable external parallels from other languages. I argue that TI1 is a marker of verification with the meaning ‘p really takes place’. The view that TI1 expressed enhanced indicativity is not tenable, since this particle was licensed in hypothetical contexts ...