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... ethics of Kant and the Enlightenment by philosophers in Russia and the West. Breakout groups discussed aspects of interconnection between the Enlightenment ethics and esthetics as well as interdisciplinary problems at the interface of philosophy of politics and philosophy of education, including ways to counter various forms of intellectual enslavement. The possibilities of applying Kant’s ethical principles were discussed in close connection with the interpretation of the latest trends in the ...

... 2015. In Defense of Moral Evidentialism. Logos and Episteme, 6(4), pp. 405-427. Sirovátka, J., 2018. Religion als “notwendige Ergänzung” der Moral bei Immanuel Kant. Theologie und Philosophie, 93(3), pp. 366-375. Taylor, R. S., 2010. Kant’s Political Religion: The Transparency of Perpetual Peace and the Highest Good. Review of Politics, 72(1), pp. 1-24. Van Fraasen, B., 1984. Belief and the Will. Journal of Philosophy, 81(5), pp. 235-256. Van Inwagen, P., 1996. It is Wrong, Everywhere, Always,...

November 15—16, 2018 Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia The Academia Kantiana at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University organizes a series of conferences on the theme of “Immanuel Kant and Russian Philo­sophers: Convergences and Divergences.” The first conference, co-organized with the Department of the History of Russian Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, is devoted to the reception and criticism of the philosophy of Immanuel...

The aim is to examine Alois Riehl’s contribution to the “culture war” (Kulturkampf) in the second half of the nineteenth century. We show that he used Kant’s autonomy principle to argue against the idea that religious dogmatism is a fundament of morality. We prove this thesis by focusing on the forgotten historical background, which is important for an understanding of Morals und Dogma. Originally this essay was an expert opinion for the court case of the socialist H. Tauschinski who was accused...

... [Natural Law]. In: I. Ia. Shchipanov, ed. 1966. Russkie Prosvetiteli ot Radishcheva do Decabristov [Russian Enlightenment from Radishchev to the Decembrists], Volume 2. Moscow: Mysl’, pp. 204-351. (In Russ.) Marx, K., 1976. Capital. A Critique of Political Economy, Volume 1. Translated by B. Fowkes. London: Penguin Books. Mezhuev, V. M., 1977. Kul’tura i istoriya [Culture and History]. Moscow: Politizdat. (In Russ.) Nesmelov, V. I., 1971. Nauka o cheloveke: В 2 т. [Science of Man: in 2 volumes],...

A murder of an Afro-American detainee by a policeman at the end of May 2020 caused a public outrage in the United States, which led to a campaign against the monuments to historical figures whose reputation, according to the protesters, was marred by racism. Some German publicists, impressed by the campaign, initiated an analogous search for racists among the national thinkers and politicians of the past. Suddenly Kant emerged as a ‘scapegoat’. This statement is an attempt to assess such reactions...

... and the second to the perception and critique of Kant’s practical philosophy by Solovyov. The speakers also paid attention to historical-philosophical problems as well as to various aspects of Kant and Solovyov’s treatment of ethics, aesthetics, politics, law, religion and culture in general. The review sums up the presentations and discussions. Vvedensky, A. I., 1901. On Mysticism and Criticism in Solovyov’s Theory of Cognition. Voprosy filosofii i psikhologii [Problems of Philosophy and ...

Kant, I., 1991. Conjectures on the Beginning of Human History. In: I. Kant, 1991. Political Writings. Edited by H. Reiss, translated by H. B. Nisbet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 221-235. Korsgaard, C.M., 1996a. Creating the Kingdom of Ends. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 1996b. The Sources of ...

The ethics of Kant and the ethics of Crusius are strikingly similar. This is manifested in a whole range of principles and concepts. Crusius’ moral teaching hinges on the rigorous moral law which has to be obeyed absolutely, and which makes it different from other prescriptions that are binding only to a relative degree. This is very close to the Kantian distinction between hypothetical and categorical imperatives. Another salient feature of Crusius’ moral teaching is the stress laid on the sphere...

The philosophy of religion as presented by Hermann Cohen and Paul Natorp, the founders and main representatives of the Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism, is an important and at the same time controversial part of their philosophical systems. The discussion around the problems of religion began within the Marburg School and still continues among those who study that School. The reason for this is that “fitting” philosophical thinking about the phenomenon of religion into the classical triad of any...

1.Кант И. Критика практического разума // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гу­лыги. М., 1994. Т. 4. 2.Кант И. Критика чистого разума. М., 1994. 3.Кант И. О единственно возможном основании для доказательства бытия Бога // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., 1994. Т. 1. 4.Arnold E. Möglichst vollständiges Verzeichniss aller von Kant gehaltenen oder auch nur angekündigten Vorlesungen nebst darauf bezüglichen Notizen und Bemerkun­gen // Altpreussische Monatsschrift. Königsberg, 1893. Bd...

Es wird gezeigt, dass E. T. A. Hoffmann seiner Kantschen Weltanschauung und Kantscher Handlungsweise, trotz der politischen Verfolgungen, bis zu Ende treu geblieben ist. 1. Берковский Н. Я. Романтизм в Германии. СПб.: Азбука-классика, 2001. 2. Гофман Э. Т. А. Жизнь и творчество. Письма, высказывания, документы / сост., авт. предисл. и послесл. и вступ. текстов к разд. Клаус Гюнцель. М.: Радуга, 1978. 3. Гофман Э. Т. А. Угловое окно // Э. Т. А. Гофман. Избр. произв. в 3 т. М.: Худ. лит., 1962. Т...

This article attempts to demonstrate the influence of Kant's philosophy of law and politics and philosophy of history alongside his aesthetic ideas on “The Bronze Horseman” by A. Pushkin. 1. Белый А. Искуситель // Белый А. Стихотворения. М., 1928. 2. Гаспаров Б. М. Поэтический ...

The article is meant for teachers and everyone interested in the problems of upbringing and self-upbringing. The major incentive for all works of the great scientists was the desire to reveal the extent of possibility and necessity of dignity for a person pursuing their vocation. Kant showed the world as the world should be in accordance to the sensible disposition of the human being. The author analyses the main concepts of Kant's rational ethics and attempts to classify his pedagogical ideas, which...

The brief letter exchange between Hamann and Kant, in which they discussed a physics textbook for children, is the main purpose of this text. It unravels an urgent question about the nature of consciousness and its role in the structure of the physical world. 1. Аристотель. Сочинения: в 4 т. М., 1978. 2. Вергилий. Буколики. Георгики. Энеида. Гораций. Оды. Эподы. Сатиры. Посла­ния. Наука поэзии. М., 2005. 3. Гаман И. Г. Aesthetica in nuce (пер. и коммент. В. Х. Гильманова) // Гильманов В. Х. Герменевтика...

1. Кант И. К вечному миру // И. Кант. Сочинения : в 8 т. Т. 7. М. : Чоро, 1994.C. 5—56. 2. Кант И. Критика способности суждения // Там же. Т. 5. 3. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Там же. Т. 3. 4. Кант И. Предполагаемое начало человеческой истории // Там же. Т. 8. С. 72—88. 5. Цицерон. Тускуланские беседы. Кн. 1 // Марк Туллий Цицерон. Избранные сочинения / пер. с лат. и коммен. М. Л. Гаспарова. М. : Художественная литература,1975.

1. Асмус В. Ф. Религиозно-философские трактаты Л. Н. Толстого // Толстой Л. Н. Полн. собр. соч. Репринт. воспроизведение изд. 1928—1958 гг. М., 1992. Т. 23. С. V—XXXI. 2. Бердяев Н. А. Русская идея // Вопросы философии. 1990. № 2. С. 87—154. 3. Бердяев Н. А. Новое Средневековье. Размышление о судьбе России и Европы // Философия творчества, культуры и искусства : в 2 т. М., 1994. Т. 1. С. 406—464. 4. Булгаков С. Н. Свет невечерний. М., 1994. 5. Гадамер Х.-Г. Истина и метод. Основы философской герменевтики...

This study attempts to interpret the process of self-knowledge of reason in the transcendental dialectic as a vital phenomena. In the transcendental dialectic, a thesis and antithesis arises from the division of reason, which can not happen in the death of reason. Dogmatism and skepticism, which had been derived from a division of reason, have formed the history of philosophy. The disputes between the thesis and the antithesis, or the dogmatism and skepticism could be regarded as a battlefields or...

... useful to notice that the first two principles of justice in holdings of Robert Nozick roughly corresponds to the first two sections of Kant’s theory of acquisition of external things in the private right. Finally, I will sketch an objection against political uses of a principle of historical rectification of acquisitions. The principle of rectification is the third and last principle of Nozick’s entitlement theory of justice in distribution, and it should be of concern to Kantians too, since it ...

The article examines the following problems: 1) How well-founded is the comparison of the ideas of Kant’s essay «Towards Perpetual Peace», written in late XVIII century, with the implementation of nowadays project of European Union 2) If such parallels are possible, to what extent the structure of the EU corresponds to Kant’s vision? 3) Which Kantian ideas are of the foremost importance to future development of the EU? Basing on the analysis of Kant’s treatise and of the current structure of the...

... (“enlightenment” with a lower-case “e”). The article concludes with recent debates (as initiated by Ulrich Beck, Rainer Specht, and contemporary natural scientists) about the effects that a gnoseotopical perspective has on globalization and ecological politics, and more broadly with reflections on the current need for core Enlightenment ideas in their full complexity. Adler, H. 1988, Fundus animae — Der Grund der Seele. Zur Gnoseologie des Dunklen in der Aufklärung, in: Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift ...

This interview explores the extent to which Kant’s philosophy, which postulates certain moral principles categorically, has influenced the contemporary theory of justice. Many academics believe such principles to be relative and emphasise that justice lies beyond the remit of science. Otfried Höffe is convinced that categorical legal principles remain a valid subject for an academic discussion. In his works, he often appeals to Kantian philosophy. In the interview, Prof. Dr. О. Höffe refers to such...

... anthropological observations capable of distorting the required purity of the form when taken together. In effect, they turn out to be either motives for searching for transcendental principles or example s targeted at a certain type of readers and political agents. Identifying the role of publicity principles in Kant’s system of law and their strict positioning is also a complicated problem raising new questions as to their acceptable and preferable application. The principles are explicated ...

... only studied the Critique of Judgement but he also read Kant’s works on epistemological theory. In his tragedy, Pushkin was guided by Kant’s ideas of state and law and strived to make it obvious that the people is the only monarch and source of political and legislative power. The tragedy of the people is that it does not know it and the mission of the educated class is to make the people aware of its powers and educate it. Law cannot exist beyond the people’s consciousness — everything ...

... Kant’s tomb in different years, including the materials of various relevant committees. The author describes the conservation, maintenance, and restoration of both objects. The history of the Cathedral and Kant's grave is examined in the context of politics of memory pursued by the regional authorities. Changes in the attitudes towards the German historical and cultural heritage of former East Prussia are traced. The supplement contains 16 documents from the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region,...

... 2010b, Izbrannoe: v dvuh chastiah, Chast 2. [Selected works in 2 parts, part 2], Moscow. 6. Pishun, S. V., Kurbenkov, V. A. 2005, Konceptual’nye osnovaniya politi-cheskogo uchenia B. A. Kistiakovskogo [Conceptual foundations of B. A. Kistiakovsky’s political study], Vladivostok. 7. Medushevsky, A. N. 2007, Bogdan Alexandrovich Kistiakovsky: “U nashey intel-ligencii pravosoznanie stoit na kraine nizkom urovne razvitia…” [Bogdan Alexandrovich Kistiakovsky: “Legal consciousness of our intelligencia ...

The concluding part of the work focuses on the independence of A. A. Fet’s philosophical worldview strongly emphasised by the poet himself and his close friends. Although he quotes Schopenhauer and Kant, he criticised them and demonstrates an independent worldview. The author analyses the critique of Schopenhauer given in A. A. Fet’s letters. Three aspects are criticised: firstly, A. Schopenhauer’s idealism, secondly, agnosticism, and, thirdly, inconsistency, contradictions in the philosopher’s reasoning...

This article is devoted to A. A. Fet’s philosophy of art. He is a representative of ‘pure art’ in Russian poetry, whose works were opposed to tendentious art serving the socio-political agenda ofthe time. However, the objective logic of nature of art made A. A. Fet’s poetry complimentary to revolutionary-democratic poetry. A. Fet was guided by Kant’s principle of aesthetics stating that the function of art is constituting the world of values. It does not and cannot replace either science, which is...

1. Белов В. Н. Неокантианство. Саратов, 2002. Ч. 2 : Пауль Наторп. 2. Гессен С. И. (Sergius). Пауль Наторп // Воля России: Журнал политики и культуры. 1924. № 8—9. С. 263—268. 3. Гессен С. И. Мое жизнеописание // Гессен С. И. Избр. соч. / сост. А. Валицкий, Н. Чистяков. М., 1998. С. 723—782. 4. Гессен С. И. Педагогические сочинения. Саранск, 2001. Т. 1. 5. Дмитриева Н. А. Русское неокантианство: «Марбург» в России : историко-философские очерки. М., 2007. 6. Дмитриева Н. А. Религия в пределах...

... the idea of universal human reason, although Kant is not always consistent in distinguishing between reason and understanding in this context. Unstinting support for the French revolution, despite acknowledging the illegitimate nature of social and political revolutions per se, made Kant revise the ideals of enlightenment, which he pursued earlier. It affected even the philosopher’s attitude to his contemporaries. Observing the revolutionary “experiment” with an open heart, Kant refused to ...

“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of highest essence, possible types of arguments for the existent of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called “Transcendental...

... about subjects taught at the Faculty of Philosophy.Immanuel Kant was no longer teaching at the university by that time. However, Swiecicki regularly attended Christian Jacob Kraus’s lectures on moral philosophy based on Kant’s “Tugendlehre”, political economy, general encyclopedia, and natural law. The professor of poetry Karl Ludwig Poersсhke, former Kant’s student, was another of his favourite teachers.Swiecicki’s surviving correspondence is kept in the library of the Poznan Society ...

This article focuses on the interpretation of ideas of Kant’s Perpetual Peace treatise in the modern democratic peace theory. Despite the fact that the advocates of the theory consider Kant’s perpetual peace project the political and philosophical framework of their concept, the analysis shows that the democratic peace theory misinterprets many ideas of Kant. 1. Babst D. Elective Goverments — A Force for Peace // The Wisconsian Sociologist.1964. Vol. 3, № 1. Р....

... hearts. The author of the article believes that the idea of perpetual peace formulated by Saint-Pierre, Rousseau, and Kant is always relevant for the humanity. At the same time, the author stresses that more significant results in establishing peace and politics were achieved in the second half of the 20th century than ever before. Kant played the decisive role in this process being the only philosopher who took the issue of philosophical justification of perpetual peace to the logical conclusion. One ...

... Judgement. Cambridge University Press, 2001. 22. Kant I. Critique of Practical Reason. Cambridge University Press, 1997. 23. Kant I. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Cambridge University Press, 2012. 24. Kant I. Perpetual Peace and Other Essays on Politics, History, and Moral Practice. Hackett Publishing, 1983. 25. Kant I. Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics: That Will Be Able to Come Forward as Science: With Selections from the Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge University Press, 2004. 26. http://cognitrn....

... attention to the objections voiced by Kant’s student Friedrich Gentz who turned from the advocate of his teacher’s ideas into his opponent. The conclusion offers an attempt to envisage the philosophers’ reactions to the current state of international politics. 1. Bahner W. Der Friedensgedanke in der Literatur der französischen Aufklärung // Grundpositionen der französischen Aufklärung / Hrsg. W. Krauss, H. Mayer. Berlin, 1965. S. 139—208. 2. Beutin W. Kants Schrift „Zum ewigen Frieden“ ...