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... examination of documents. The former helped define a number of integral regions that were later considered from a historical point of view in order to figure out how the territorial structure and appearance of the city changed in the transition from the German to the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Yemelyanov Aleksander, Stegniyenko Aleksandra, Yashunsky Alexei 10.5922/2079-8555-2010-2-12 116-123 Kaliningrad, historical districts, city districts, division of a city

... available at: http://www. academia.edu/1376523/The_EU_2020_Energy_Initiative_The_post-Lisbon_pattern_of_change_in_EU_energy_policy (accessed 17 January 2013). 2. Danwitz, T. 2006, Regulation and liberalization of the European electricity market — a German view, Energy law journal, Vol. 27:423, July 1, available at: 2006//http://www. felj. org/docs/423—450.pdf (accessed 17 January 2013). 3. Geradin, D. 2006, Twenty years of liberalization of network industries in the European Union: Where do ...

This article focuses on the development of peaceful nuclear power. The author draws attention to the fact that nuclear power is a rather young branch of national economy. However, over recent decades, it has already seen rises and falls, and a number of states have had tragic experiences of nuclear emergencies. Nevertheless, many countries — including the three Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania — express a strong interest in development, generation, and application of nuclear power....

... htm (accessed 22 December 2012). 31. Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard: 2011.OECD, available at: http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/oecd-science-technology-andindustry-scoreboard_20725345 (accessed 09 December 2012). 32. The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), available at: http://www.daad.de/en/ (accessed 3 January 2013). 33. The Global Competitiveness Report 2011—2012, available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GCR_Report_2011-12.pdf (accessed 6 August 2012)....

... Commission (DG MARE), November. 16. Backer, H., Frias, M. (eds.). 2012. 15. Planning the Bothnian sea — key findings of the Plan Bothnia project, Helsinki. 16. Nolte, N., Toben, S., Lamp, J. 2012, BaltSeaPlan Report 2 — Strategies with relevance for German maritime space, Hamburg. 17. Morf, A. 2012, BaltSeaPlan Report 7 — Strategies with relevance for Swedish maritime space, Gothenburg. 18. Gee, K., Kannen, A., Heinrichs, B. 2011, BaltSeaPlan Report 8 — Towards a common spatial vision: Implications ...

... Vol. 16, no. 4, p. 464—479. 19. Baklanov, P. Ya., Shinkovsky, M. Yu. 2010, Transgranichnyj region: ponjatie, sushhnost', formy [Cross border region: the concept, essence, forms], Vladivostok, Dal'nauka, 276 p. 20. Germanskij dom nauki i innovacij [German House of Science and Innovation], available at: http://www.dwih.ru/index.php/ru/netzwerke-und-cluster-de.html (accessed 9 December 2012). 21. Drigo, M. F. 2007, Formirovanie territorial'no-promyshlennyh kompleksov v uslovijah jekonomicheskoj stabilizacii ...

Transnational (involving countries) and cross-border (involving adjacent regions of different countries) cooperation and integration are rapidly developing in the Baltic Sea region. Russia lags behind the Nordic countries and Germany as far as innovative development is concerned; yet our national pace here is comparable to that of Poland and the three Baltic States. At the same time, the features of innovative cooperation vary a great deal depending on the group of countries involved in cooperation...

Innovative activity is carried out at three levels — those of the state, region and a company or a university. This article considers the level of development of knowledge-based economy in Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland at each of the three levels, as well as descripes the spatial differentiation of innovative activity within the Baltic region. The analysis is done on the basis of national and international research, as well as statistical data on the intensity...

This article addresses the problem of definition and identification of clusters as localized mesoeconomic systems with fuzzy boundaries that stimulate the development of these systems. The author analyses the influence of the inductive approach to the formation of cluster theory and juxtaposes different typologies of clusters and other types of localized economic systems. The article offers an overview of the existing methodological approaches to the problem of cluster identification and emphasises...

This article considers the main historical stages of formation of spatial economic structure of the European countries, parts of whose territories lie within the Rhine basin. The analysis covers a protracted chronological interval from the Roman colonization until the beginning of the 20th century. The author emphasizes the role of the River Rhine in the course of territorial structure formation. This study aims to retrace the historical sequence of the formation of territorial structure of economies...

This article considers certain historiographical aspects of the Vilnius issue as an international problem. The author analyses the origins of the Polish-Lithuanian conflict, the role of the struggle for Vilnius in the general context of the Polish-Lithuanian confrontation, and the origin and nature of Lithuanian nationalism. The article also examines historiographical perspectives on the seizure of Vilnius by the troops of the Polish general, L. Żeligowsky, and the international consequences of the...

... Lithuania. Transborder corporate integration in the region is characterized by significant imbalances. In many aspects, it can be viewed as Sweden’s economic expansion or development of domestic markets for northern European companies. Although many German, Polish and Russian companies are involved in corporate integration in the Baltic region, other vectors of their foreign economic relations are still more important for them. As a result, the integration of Russian business in the Baltic part of ...

This article contributes to the discussion within the "Towards the Common Past" international academic network bringing together scholars from Russia, the Baltic States and the Nordic countries. It assesses the relationship between globalization and historical memory, thus contributing to the discussion on globalization and the roles and applications of history. On the basis of an analysis of academic discourses on globalization and historical memory, the author arrives at two conclusions...

The article considers and assesses the influence of macro-geographical factors on communication behaviour of people in the course of transition to innovative economy through the example of the Baltic Sea region. 1. Dinamika razvitija jekonomicheskogo krizisa: Sweden [The dynamics of the economic crisis: Sweden], 2010, Informacionnyj bjulleten' Instituta Baltijskogo regiona RGU im. I. Kanta [Newsletter of the Institute of Baltic Studies of the Immanuel Kant State University of Russia], I quarter...

This article analyses the principal complex of economic and political motivations of the states of Central and Eastern Europe and the EU members related to the EU enlargement towards the East. Special attention is paid to the discussion on the reasonableness of the EU enlargement and the positions of certain EU members. 1. Borchardt K.-D. 1994, Azbuka prava Evropejskogo soobwestva [ABCs of European Community], Мoscow. 2. Butorina, О. 2004/2005, Novye evropejcy v novoj Evrope [New Europeans in the...

This article deals with the development of legal framework for Russia-EU relations in 2010. The author analyses the preparation of the new basic agreement, the development of sectoral EU-Russia agreements, and soft law amendments, as well as relevant regulations of the European Union and Russian law. The article reviews current initiatives and approaches of the Parties in the legal regulation of the „Partnership for modernisation". 1. Postojannoe predstavitel'stvo Rossijskoj Federacii pri Evropejskom...

... analyses the role of innovations at higher educational institutions, gives a definition of innovation, explores the features of international cooperation in the sphere of innovations, and focuses on the forms of innovative interaction between Russian and German higher education institutions. 1. Djatchenko, L., Tarabaeva, V. 2008. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii, № 5, p. 13—18. 2. Rjadinskij, V. Ju., Kokareva, N. V. 2007. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo v innovacionnoj sfere. Tjumen'. 3. Upravlenie ...

This article focuses on opportunities for studying cultural landscapes in the Kaliningrad region and offers methodology for it. The author outlines types of the information required: genetic types of natural landscapes, spatial settlement and land use features, and the network components of the landscapes environment. 1. Berg, L. S. 1915. Izv. RGO, Part. 51, Vyp. 9, pp. 463—475. 2. Vedenin, Ju. A. Kuleshova, M. E. 2001. Izv. RAN, Ser. geogr.,№ 1, pp. 7—14. 3. Vedenin, Ju. A., Kuleshova, M. E....

This paper contains test results revealing norm and stress reactions of various life-form plants: trees — Betula pendula Roth, Tilia platyphyllos Scop., Pinus sylvetris L; water-plant -Galium palustre L.; grass — Solidago Canadensis; cereal — Secale cereal L. Collection and processing of the material was made in the area of Berlin/Brandenburg, Germany. Clark sensor-based method made it possible to determine the amount and rate of the oxygen evolution by plants in the dark and light phase. Under the...

... makroregiona:avtoref. dis. … kand. geogr. nauk. Kaliningrad. 9. Mežs, I., Bukśe, E., Rasa, K. 1994. GeoJournal, Vol. 33, № 1, pp. 9—25. 10. Hayden, Robert M. 1992. Constitutional Nationalism in the Formerly Yugoslav Republics: Working Paper. Center for German and European Studies. Berkeley. 11. Coleman, D. A. 2006. Population and Development Review, Vol. 32, № 3, pp. 401—446. 12. Regions in the European Union — Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics — NUTS 2006 EU27 / Eurostat Methodologies ...

Mikhel D., Novikov V., Trojan V. 10.5922/2079-8555-2010-3-14 92-93

The article defines the innovative features of teaching international relations in the Baltic Sea Region at the graduate level, taking as an example the double degree program in international relations of the Finnish-Russian Cross-Border University, set up by the St. Petersburg State University and the University of Tampere the article also evaluates specific features of other similar programs taught in universities around the Baltic Sea. 1.      Kuzmin, Ju. S., Novikova, I. N. 2005. Novejshaja...

The article offers general information about the International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature (MAPRYAL) and its main lines of activity. The authors focus on the activity of MAPRYAL in the Baltic Sea States offering a detailed description of the International Festival of Russian Language in the Baltic Sea States, and the events held by MAPRYAL in Germany, Poland, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark. Brunova Natalia, Moskovkin Leonid, Yurkov Yevgeny 10.5922/2079-8555-2009-2-10...