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The article analyses the important cultural universal my means of the oppositions: home — peace; home — freedom, home — happiness in literary and historical context. This approach allows determining the affiliation of characters to the opposite axiological systems, which creates new opportunities for the interpretation of the denouement of the novel. 1.  Пушкин А.   С. Полн. собр. соч.: в 10 т. М., 1957. Т. 5. 2.  Белинский В.   Г. Собр. соч.: в 9 т. М., 1981. Т. 6. 3.  Панченко А.   М. Русская...

This article emphasises the significance of the diary genre in Jerzy Andrzejewski's prosaic experiments of the 1970s. The author considers the poetics of Andrzejewski's "literary diary" From One Day to Another and unfinished novel of diary "genesis" Hundred Years Ago and Now. 1.  Andrzejewski   J . Gra z cieniem. Warszawa, 1987. 2.  Andrzejewski   J . Z dnia na dzień. Dziennik literacki 1972 — 1979. Warszawa, 1988. T.  1, 2 . 3.  Andrzejewski   J . Zeszyt Marcina. Warszawa...

The article deals with the ideological foundations of English monolingualism in the U. S. A. The author analyses the arguments used by supporters and opponents of this ideology. The author also describes the history of monolingualism, as well as its function and sources. 1. Хантингтон С. Кто мы? Вызовы американской национальной идентично- сти. М., 2008. 2. Baker C., Jones S. P. The Encyclopedia of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. Clevedon, 1998. 3. Crawford J. Anatomy of the English-Only...

The article considers the effects of the application of traditional (pre-multimedia) instructional media in UK higher education institutions. The effects of the following media are considered: audio-visual; traditional computer; interactive video; early multimedia. A conclusion is drawn about the necessity to carefully integrate instructional media into the educational context. 1. Bosco J. An analysis of evaluations of interactive video / Educational Technol­ogy. 1986. № 26. P. 7—17. 2....

This article offers the theoretical grounds and methods of semantic analysis of “male” and “female” categories developed on the basis of linguistic data. The author draws examples from the Russian language to demonstrate gender semantic models in Russian linguistic mentality, e. g. the general understandding of the “male” and the “female”, the content properties of these principles, etc. 1.  Арутюнова Н.   Д . Пропозиция // Лингвистический энциклопедический сло­варь. М., 1990. 2.  Даль В.   И ...

The problem of metaphor is considered in the context of glottodidactics through the example of the Polish language. The author poses the problem of identification and understanding of metaphors by students of Polish as a foreign language. 1.   Davies  A , Widowson  H .   G . Czytanie i pisanie // Kurs edynburski językoz ­ nawstwa stosowanego. Warszawa, 1983. T. 2. 2.  Seretny A, Lipińska E. ABC metodyki nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego. Kraków, 2005. 3.  Europejski System Kształcenia...

The article focuses on the symbolism of colour terms in European languages. The authors explore and analyze similarities and differences in the use of particular colours as symbols in fixed colour collocations in Russian and English. This analysis helps to establish common microsystems of symbolic meanings in both languages. 1.  Алимпиева Р.   В. Семантическая структура слова «белый» // Во­просы се­мантики. Вып. 2. Л., 1976. С. 17—27. 2.  Гвоздарев Ю.   А. Рассказы о русской...

This article analyses, through the example of German universities, the features of reforms in the PhD education management system, which have been carried out over the last decade in European countries. 1. Boer H. de, Leisyte L., Enders J . The Netherlands — steering from a distance // Reforming university governance. Changing conditions for research in four Euro­pean countries / B. Kehm, U. Lanzendorf (eds.). Bonn, 2006. P. 29—96. 2. DFG . Die zukuenftige Foerderung des wissenschaftlichen...

Physical activity is a factor of healthy lifestyle development. This article focuses on the physical activity of primary school students of the city of Krasnoyarsk. The authors discuss various reasons for leading an active (sports classes, yard games) or a passive (resting at the computer or a game console, watching TV) lifestyle among Krasnoyarsk primary school students in view of social family background and the parents' example of sports activities. The lifestyle criteria presented can be helpful...

This article considers the contradictions that complicate managing an education institution in the contemporary period. 1.  Балыхин Г.   А. Управление развитием образования: организационно-эко­номический аспект. М., 2003. 2. Гэлбрейт Дж. Новое индустриальное общество . М., 1969. 3.  Концепция долгосрочного социально-экономического развития Россий­ской Федерации на период до 2020 года (в ред. от 08.08.2009 г. № 1121-р). [Элект­рон­ный ресурс]. Доступ из справ.-правовой системы «КонсультантПлюс»...

Ignacy Jan Paderewski was born in the Russian Empire, for many years he was working for the glory of the world-famous composer and pianist, and during the World War I he suddenly plunged headlong into politics, becoming one of the “founding fathers” of the Polish state, which revived in 1918. The article attempts to identify Paderewski's views on the borders and foreign policy of Poland, to assess his contribution to the process of restoring its independence. The views and activities of Paderewski...

This article examines an extensive collection of 46 letters sent by Alexey N. Veselovsky to Alexander N. Pypin (found in IRL RAS (Saint Petersburg)) and 47 letters of Alexander N. Pypin to Alexey N. Veselovsky (found in RSL (Moscow)). The epistolary heritage of the famous Moscow literary critic Ale­xey N. Veselovsky has not yet been studied. Using the materials of his episto­lary exchange with the literary historian and academician Alexander N. Pypin we have outlined this scientific and literary...

The article analyzes lead-tin badges of religious and secular character found in the archaeological excavations in the central part of Kaliningrad in 2020. The author describes morphological features and makes the iconographic attribution of the finds. The research identifies some of the finds, namely pilgrimage badges, as those of North German origin. Three of them belong to the cult of the Blessed Virgin, another three badges are associated with pilgrimage sites linked to Eucharistic wonders. An...

The topicality of this pilot study is predetermined by the necessity to op­timize cross-cultural interaction in polyethnic regions by means of revelation of its subjects’ sociological portrait. In this research, the author attempts to experimentally investigate the nature of cross-cultural interaction in master­ing a macro-mediator language in the academic discourse. A sce­nario of the standardized interview has been used as a method of research. The sce­nario features various factors of personality...

The research focuses on the poorly studied process of a social system passing through a bifurcation point: birth and progress of a crisis — social collapse resulting in the disintegration of the society — recuperation via integration of a part of the disintegrated social structure into a new one. A fine example of such a process is given by the admission of a part of Rzeczpospolita (Grand Duchy of Lithuania lands) into the Russian Empire. Those events had a major impact on the ensuing historical...

The article examines the causes and results of mass repressions of Arme­nians in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the XIX century. The connection of the national liberation movement in Western Armenia and Crete was re­vealed. The power methods of diplomacy in European countries were ana­lyzed. 1. Архив внешней политики Российской империи (АВПРИ). Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 3440. 2. АВПРИ. Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 894. 3. АВПРИ. Ф. 137. Оп. 475. Д. 124. 4. АВПРИ. Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 897. 5. Российский государственный...

... similarities and differences between European and Eurasian integration. The theoretical relevance of the research lies in the comparison of the integration processes re­garding the analysis of demographic and socio-economic development indica­tors of the EU and EAEU countries, as well as the integration mechanisms and instruments. The research comes to the conclusion on the possibility of adopting the European Union integration experience for the further integra­tion processes in the Eurasian integration ...

This paper is a review of recent Polish studies on identity and collective memory in the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation. Polish authors have analysed the development of Kaliningrad regional identity – a process closely related to collective memory changes and politics of memory. Scholars have explored the ‘identity dilemmas’ of Kaliningraders, commemorative con­flicts between different groups about the past, and strategies for the ‘invention of traditions’. However, studies into the...

There is an increasing need for the assessment of urban development rates in the world. In modern Russia, this need is reaffirmed by the transfor­mation of regional economies, the economic acceleration of many major cities, and by the active introduction of strategic management tools (KPI, etc.). The article anal­yses the current indexes and rankings of urban development. The author ex­plored the main methodological approaches to the assessment of the rate of urban development. One of the topical...

The article examines the volunteer movement from European countries to Greece in order to assess its role in the revolution of 1821—1830. The study relies on the proclamations of the rebels, diplomatic documents, materials of the Philhellenic committees, the press, diaries, memoirs and correspondence of contemporaries. The author analyzes the background, organization, funding sources, the nature of the participation of volunteers in hostilities. The study used historical-genetic and historical-comparative...

The authors reflect on the interaction of nature and society in the territo­ry of the modern Kaliningrad region in the Stone Age. Natural factors played a decisive role in the formation of the region’s cultural landscape. In the Stone Age, anthropogenic changes in the natural environment were minimal and were mainly noticed in separate components of the natural landscape. At the boundary of the Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, megafauna species — mammoths, woolly rhinos and turs — disappeared...

The author analyzes the place and role of parliament in today's trans­forming society and investigates the causes of the crisis of parliamentarism, the confrontation between parliament and government in some countries and in others - the widespread "legitimization" of government policy in the sphere of legal norms. The author has identified the reasons for a decrease in trust to parliaments, which no longer play a decisive role in the division of power, be­ing forced aside by the executive...

The article is a review of the body of literature published in Finland dur­ing the 1990s — 2010s, describing the evolution of Finland's foreign policy to­wards the USSR in the last decade of the Cold War. The author identifies chronological stages of the study of Finland’s policy towards the Soviet Union and analyses the most relevant themes, which were the subject of attention of Finnish historians and historiographers. The author characterizes each histo­riographic period, its main topics and key...

The article reflects the results of a study of large Russian cities (with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as smaller cities with the status of regional capitals), emphasizing two strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Hav­ing applied economic-statistical analysis for 6 indicators (average salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning...

In 1997, the Constitution of the Republic of Poland was adopted. Since then, constitutional disputes have continued in Poland. After the 2015 elec­tions, they sharpened. In addition, Polish President Andrzej Duda proposed a change to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. This initiated a po­litical debate on constitutional matters. They are the subject of the article. Moreover, the most important current constitutional dilemmas were ana­lyzed. The cur­rent constitutional debate refers both...

The article analyzes the life of former Polish prisoner of the Nazi concen­tration camp Auschwitz Stanislaw Dubiel (1910—?), who between 1942 and 1944 worked as a gardener at the villa of the Auschwitz commandant Rudolf Höss, and subsequently became one of the main prosecution witnesses at his trial. The trial took place in Warsaw in March 1947 and lasted 18 days. In addition to Dubiel, other Poles — former Auschwitz prisoners testified there, but Dubiel’s testimony was the most complete and contained...

The aim of the study is to study the system of social standards of modern society and to assess the system of social norms and norms in the Russian Federation at the moment. The methods of analysis of the system of support of motherhood and childhood in Russia were used, as well as the method of com­parative characteristic of the system of support of motherhood and childhood in different countries of the world according to different criteria. The study revealed that one of the priority national projects...

The international disaster relief represents one of actively developing are­as of interstate cooperation, both at universal, and the regional level. It repre­sents one of sustainable development goals of the UN (UN SDGs). This arti­cle sees its purpose in the analysis of activity of the international organiza­tions in disaster prevention, development of idea on what the global mecha­nism of such prevention is about, and the role of the international organiza­tions. The research used comparative,...

... обращения: 26.06.2019). 16. 20 лет России в ЕСПЧ. Доклад подготовлен фондом Общественный вер­дикт. URL: https://echr.police-barometer.ru/ (дата обращения: 29.06.2019). 17. EU Leaders proclaim the European Pillar of Social Rights. URL: https://ec . europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/social-summit-european-pillar-so cial-rights-booklet_en.pdf (дата обращения: 29.06.2019). 18. Постовалова ...

... virtues and the innovative city: An experiment in placing innovation in Edmonton, Canada // Urban Studies. 2019. № 56 (4). P. 705—721. doi: 10.1177/0042098017719191. 11. Kaleta A. E-learning as a diffusion of innovation in the rural areas of the Eu­ropean Union // Eastern European Countryside. 2015. № 21 (1). P. 5—18. doi: 10.1515/eec-2015-0001. 12. Kurkela K., Virtanen P., Tuurnas S., Stenvall J. The actors involved in innova­tion processes and collaboration — a case study of eight Finnish ...

... Global Governance // Global Gov­ernance from Regional Perspectives: A Critical View / еd. by A. Triandafyllidou. Oxford, 2017. P. 209—233. 19. Dühr S. Baltic Sea, Danube and Macro-Regional Strategies: A Model for Transnational Cooperation in the EU? P., 2011. 20. Makarychev A. S. Contours of Regional Identity: Testing Constructiv­ism on Ka­liningrad's Ground // The Journal of Eurasian Research. 2003. Vol. 2, № 1. Р. 23—28. 21. Mezhevich N. Eastern Europe. On the centenary of the political ...

In 2017-2018, the historical community commemorated the centenary anniversaries of revolutions that took place at the end of the First World War. Although the revolutionary events in Russia attract greater attention, the German revolution of November 1918 is of no less interest. In this article, I set out to highlight the situation of the German ruling elite on the eve of the war. The absence of bright personalities among the country's political estab­lishment, on the one hand, and the lack of unity...

The article focuses on the issue of cultural organizations performance measurement. The author explains the benefits of applying a non-parametric “Data Envelopment Analysis” that is based on comparison of input and output indicators, to performance measurement of cultural organizations. Using statistical data on Russian federal theatres, the author empirically tests their performance that relates to such aspects as organization’s reputation, artistic excellence, maximization of access to cultural...

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of a money surrogate, introduced in the form of a bitcoin, a popular cryptocurrency. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the price-per-unit value of the cryptocurrency on the indicator of the market capitalization of the bitcoin cryptocurrency through correlation-regression analysis. As a result of the research, the author becomes the first to prove the direct dependence of the mentioned indicators, namely, a strong relationship between...

Drawing on a comparative analysis of current research and academic literature published in Russia and the United States, I describe the stages of the development of forensic science in the two countries. I analyse the structure and major areas of modern criminalistics. Special attention is paid to the relevant philosophical and methodological framework and the functions of forensic science. I give a detailed account of Russian and US scholars’ approaches to the nature, subject, and object of criminalistics...

... on the approval of the programm on the implementation of the priority areas of research and (socio-cultural) development and innovation (smart specialisation) and their priorities 30 Apr. 2014 № 411, Vilnius. URL: http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/20182/223684/LT_RIS3_201404_Final.pdf/0e516a08-b6d8-480... (дата обращения: 15.04.2018). 24. Grennes T. The economic transition in the Baltic countries // J. of Baltic Studies. 1997. № 28 (1). P. 9—24. 25. Gulati R., Gargiulo ...

The article focuses on the analysis of information of the Russian and Western travelers to Central Asia in the 18th — beginning of the 20th centuries on state and law of that region. The goal is a substantiation of the travelers’ notes value as historical evidence of state and law of the Central Asia which allows to study actual relations in administration and legal regulation. The author applies some basic research methods: historical legal, formal legal and comparative legal approaches, content...

The article describes the process of forming the political image of Russia in socio-political media through semiotic inversions. It is claimed that in the modern media discourse, the political image is based on the pre-established ‘rules of the game’. The author holds that historical facts are often replaced by false models of reality in the modern mass media discourse. 1. Люббе Г. Историческая идентичность // Вопросы философии. 1994. № 4. С. 108—113. 2. Концепция внешней политики Российской Федерации...

... Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) and the centralized supervision of the banking sector of the Member States of the eurozone with supervisory powers transferred to the European Central Bank in accordance with Article 127 (6) of the Treaty on the functioning of the EU. Secondly, the direct recapitalization of banks from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), established under the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) based on the Treaty, signed a few months earlier — February 2, 2012. The fulfilment of ...

... Strategies and Policies: Inventory and Comparative Study.Akureyri, 2012. 13. Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council. An integrated European Union policy for the Arctic // European Union External Action. URL: http://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/arctic_region/docs/160427_joint-communication-an-integrated-euro... (дата обращения: 01.05.2017). 14. Remarks by Minister for Foreign Affairs Margot Wallström at Arctic Frontiers opening session in Tromsö // Government ...

This article explores Russian-Lithuanian trade relations under the EU sanctions against Russia and Russian counter-sanctions. The authors identify changes in the structure of foreign economic activities and examine the main trends, features and problems of trade. The authors analyse transformations in bilateral trade ...

... Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. 2015. Вып. 3. С. 91—100. 17. Lieber R., Popczyk J., Syryjczyk T. Energetyka — polityka — ekonomia // Zeszyty PBR-CASE. 2007. № 91. URL: http://www.case-research.eu/upload/publikacja_plik/17189577_bre91.pdf (дата обращения: 31.07.2016). 18. Polityka energetyczna Polski do 2030 roku. Załącznik do uchwały. № 202/2009. Rady Ministrów z dnia 10 listopada 2009 r. 19. Схема и программа ...

The article analyses legal arguments for admissibility/inadmissibility of GMOs in agriculture. The authors show that there is still no unanimous opinion of the effects produced by GMOs. Given the uncertainty, the ban on the use of genetic engineering in agriculture leads to the weakening of the role of legislation as a regulator of public relations. The authors suggest legal solutions to this problem striking a reasonable balance between the interests of business, society and state. 1. Информация...

This article analyses the features of judicial discretion in the continental law system. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the discretionary powers of judges in Northern, Western, and Southern Europe and describes the specifics of judicial discretion in the continental legal system 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Философия права. М., 1990. 2. Головко Л. В. Судебный прецедент как ненормативный способ легитимизации судебных решений // Вестник гражданского права. 2010. № 6. С. 6—34. 3. Гражданский...

Archeological research, which started back in 1990s, made it possible to single out a separate group of settlements on the Vistula Lagoon shore — Waldburg-type monuments. Taking into consideration the distinctive cultural features of the complex, and its early dating, we can safely assume the existence of a protophase in the course of Primorskaya Culture development, which hypothetically took place between 3100—2900 BC. Globular Amphorae Culture and Sub-Neolithic Cultures could have influenced the...

This paper analyses the historiosophical views of François Guizot (1787—1874) based on his works from the period of the First Empire (1804— 1814). The established chronological framework makes it possible to identify the foundations of the great thinker’s historical theory — foundations cleansed of the political influence of the Bourbon Restoration (1814—1830) and the July Monarchy (1830-1848), where Guizot was an activist of the liberal opposition and later became one of the leaders of the French...

This article presents a semiotics-oriented methodology of analysing images of states. Based on the results obtained in the field of structural semiotics of narration, the author introduces a scheme for analysing the syntactics of images suggesting their consideration from the perspective of actantial roles characteristic of the states in question in certain discourses. A. J. Greimas's model of narrative syntactics is used to demonstrate how syntactic descriptions of images of states can be built...