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This article analyses the basic norms of international law on the protection of marine environment from vessel-source pollution. The universal and regional levels of legal regulation of preventing marine environment pollution are identified. Special attention is paid to the status of the Baltic Sea as a “special area” and as a “particularly sensitive sea area”. 1. Meeresumweltschutz für Nord- und Ostsee: Sondergutachten, Februar 2004 /SRU, Der Rat von Sachverständigen für Umweltfragen. Baden-Baden...

This article considers the reception of the liberal concept of freedom in Russian conservatism as exemplified by K. N. Leontyev and L. A. Tikhomirov. Reasoning in the framework of Russian philosophical organicism, each philosopher insists on his own approach to analysing social phenomena. It is shown that Leontyev, in line with naturalistic aestheticism, sharply criticises the philistine ideal triumphing through the implementation of the liberal interpretation of freedom. Tikhomirov, under the influence...

The authors consider the structure of the Latvian political elite in 1993—2014 and analyse the major network parameters. The roles of key network actors and their changes over the study period are examined 1. Dogan М., Higley J. Elites, Crises, and the Origins of Regimes. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Boulder CO, 1998. 2. Gould R. V., Fernandez R. M. Structures of Mediation: A Formal Approach to Bro¬kerage in Transaction Networks // Sociological Methodology. 1989. № 19. P. 89—126. 3. Higley...

The paper focuses on Königsberg’s elites faced with fast changes in the 19th century. The city’s old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors – industrialists and bankers – trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the elites in the course of major economic, social, and political changes 1. Albinus R. Königsberger Lexikon. Würzburg, 2002. 2. Altpreußische Biographie / Hrsg. Ch. Krollmann. Königsberg; Marburg, 1939. T. 1. 3. Carrez M...

The article deals with the phenomenon of idealism in 18th century European science. The author focuses on the methods and images of constructing a philosophical model that Kant borrowed from his predecessors. The status of existence of the external world in the space of Berkeley’s philosophy and its influence on Kant’s system are analysed as one of the key issues of idealism. The author seeks to familiarize the reader with the contentious issues relating to the problem of identity of Berkeley’s and...

The article considers the critique of the works of historian Stefan Kieniewicz by modern Polish researchers. The author analyses his role in the Polish historical science. Special attention is paid to the reasons behind Kieniewicz’s turn to Marxism after the Second World War. The author gives examples of differences in the persepctive of historiographers on the historian’s methodological views and the degree to which they were influenced by Marxism. S. Kieniewicz’s characteristic of his own theoretical...

This article considers the main provisions of philosophology — the system developed by Grigory Landau, a Russian philosopher abroad. The author identifies the grounds on which the philosopher distinguishes between philosophology and philosophy, as well as the correlation between the notions. The basic elements of the system developed – the motive of thinking and philosopheme — are identified and characterised. These elements are supertemporal, their interaction in the consciousness of a subject is...

... security problem is to integrate the region in the common energy market of the Baltic Sea region, which would serve the interests of all Baltic Sea states. 1. Dolzer M. How the Russian nuclear plant in Kaliningrad can help Baltic States integrate with EU power grid. September 30, 2014. URL: http://www.energypost. eu/russian-nuclear-power-plant-kaliningrad-help-baltic-states-integrate-eu-power-grid/ (дата обращения: 14.12.2014). 2. Energy Supply Security: The Emergency Response of IEA ...

This article discusses the development of post-Soviet nationalist identity in Latvia under the influence of nationalist neo-Nazi organizations and persuasion. The ethnic component occupies a central place in today's political identification in Latvia. It is proved that major political groups and parties recognize and proclaim nationalist principles regardless of their basic ideology. 1. Parming T. Nationalism in Soviet Estonia since 1964 // Nationalism in the USSR and Eastern Europe in the era of...

The problem of waste generation lies in that it is a major source of an-thropogenic pollution on a global scale, as well as an inevitable result of the consumer’s attitude to nature and a low coefficient of resource use. Recycling consists in the extraction of useful materials engaged in the technological pro-cesses and found in waste and their restoration for reuse. Recycling of the re-source cycle waste is required to achieve to goals: saving natural resources and protecting natural systems. Different...

1.Bloech J., 2012, Editor (Coeditor) JoMaC — Journal of Management Control (Former “Zeitschrift fuer Planung & Unternehmenssteuerung”, “Journal of Planning”). 2.Blöch J., Bogaschewsky R., Buscher, Daub A., Götze U., 2008, Roland: Einfuehrung in die Produktion. 6. Edition, Springer, Heidelberg, 2008. 3.Götze U., Bloech J. Investitionsrechnung / 3. Edition. Heidelberg: Springer, 2002. 4.Götze U., Mikus B., Blöch J. (Editors). Management und Zeit. Heidelberg, 2000. 5.Блёх Ю., Гётце У. Инвестиционные...

This article analyses the process of development and functioning of the state system of support for World War I refugees from the western territories of the Russian Empire in case of the central provinces of European Russia. It is concluded that the state system of refugee support proved to be efficient and managed to solve the problem of evacuation and relocation, as well as that of meeting the basic needs of millions of refugees throughout the war period. 1. Белова И. Б. Первая мировая война и...

This paper proposes a scheme for a preliminary comparative analysis of results obtained in studying different countries that participated in the “Contemporary marketing practices” project and outlines further patterns of crosscountry comparisons. 1. Berry L. L. Relationship Marketing. In Emerging Perspectives in Services Marketing. Chicago, Ill., 1983. 2. Brodie R. J., Grönroos C., Helenius T. Contemporary marketing: a comparison of the practices in New Zealand, Scandinavia and Thailand // Asian...

This article identifies the principles behind the international protection of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea. The author analyses their content and legal force on the basis of the provisions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, international conference declaration, as well as the judicial practice of the International Court of Justice, International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, and international commercial arbitration courts. 1. Biernie P., Boyle A. International Law and the...

This article focuses on the reasons behind and the diplomatic aspects of the Neuchâtel crisis in Prussian-Swiss relations. The Neuchâtel crisis arose in the end of 1856 as a result of the Prussian territorial claims and interference in Swiss home affairs. The author examines the diplomacy of the leading European powers – mainly England – aimed to resolve the Neuchâtel crisis. 1. Российский государственный архив Военно-морского флота. Ф. Канцелярия Морского министерства, 1856 г. 2. British and...

... European identity in the conditions of the current European crisis. European identity developed over a long time on the moral and political grounds. The author arrives at a conclusion about the need to reconsider the concept of European identity in the EU crisis conditions. European identity cannot develop in an institutional crisis. The concept of European identity requires structural reconstruction, new foundations, since the old ones are, to a great degree, an extension of earlier political discourses....

This article explores the possibility of using the methods of public-private partnership (PPP) in integration processes, including those at a regional level.The author offers a typology of PPP projects and models of cooperation between business and authorities with regard to integration. The article describes specific practices of implementing PPP projects within foreign economic activity and attraction of foreign investors. The author formulates the priority tasks of developing interaction between...

This article considers the human rights issues in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union in the context of formal agreements and real policy from 1994 to the beginning of 2013. The EU regards human rights as fundamental values, which serve as the basis for its foreign relations. Russia tends to consider this issue as an attempt of an ill-disposed external actor to interfere in the domestic politics of the state. 1. Программа ...

Исследуются организационно-правовые проблемы, связанные с практикой Европейского Суда* по правам человека в отношении так называемых «калининградских дел», произведен краткий обзор успешных постановлений Суда, вынесенных в период 2005—2012 гг. Обозначены подходы к совершенствованию мониторинга и контроля за реализацией мер как общего, так и индивидуального характера. The author studies administrative and legal issues of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights relating to the so called...

Анализируется германский опыт преподавания курса «государственное (конституционное) право ФРГ», в частности изучаются его традиционные структурные элементы. На основании проведенного исследования сделаны выводы и предложения по оптимизации курса «конституционное право России», преподаваемого в современных российских университетах. The author analyses the German practice of teaching the Staatsrecht (State (Constitutional) Law of Germany) course and the main structural elements of the course. On...

This article considers the literary career of the famous East Prussian poet Simon Dach in connection with the history of Koenigsberg University. With the support of the ruling house of the Electorate of Branderburg and Prussia, Dach managed to obtain the position of a professor of poetry at the university, with which both his work and life are closely connected. One of Dach’s university works is the poetic composition “Prussiarchus” dedicated to the centenary of Albertina (1644). This work is a poetical-allegorical...

Berdayev’s works The New Middle Ages, The Meaning of History, The Crisis of Art help reveal the essence of the eschatological consciousness of the 20th century. The principal feature of New Middle Ages in European culture is proved to be the polarization of consciousness, which is most vividly manifested, according to Berdyaev, in the structure of Russian soul (the apocalyptic and nihilistic type), as well as the divergent trends of contemporary art (synthetism and analytism). 1. Бердяев Н. А. Духи...

... author addresses the question as to whether European identity is a category of political discourse or a real instrument of European integration and comes to a conclusion that the concepts of European identity are stuck in a methodological trap. And the EU institutional design does not inspire confidence among the residents of united Europe. The question as to how European identity will develop after the EU crisis is becoming increasingly topical. 1. Bakke E. Towards a European Identity? URL: http://folk....

This article is devoted to the important issue of development of parliamentarianism in post-authoritarian countries through the case of Poland. Having passed several stages of constitutional changes and political crises caused by the situation of political infighting, the Polish political system has reached sustainability, which ensures its effective functioning. 1. Керимов А. Д. Понимание парламентаризма и перспективы его развития в России // Гражданин и право. 2002. № 7/8. С. 25—33. 2....

This article focuses on the features of the re-evacuation of World War I refugees in 1920, i.e. the spontaneous movement of the hungry mass of refugees to the Western border, the South and South-East, as well as Siberia, in early spring, which was supported by local authorities aspiring to reduce the pressure on their own regions but opposed — to no effect — by the central authorities. The planned evacuation solely to the Baltic Republics at the end of summer of 1920 was accompanied by violations...

This article focuses on the execution of one of the leaders of the Prussian revolt, Herkus Monte, according to the “double death” rite dedicated to two gods — Patollo and Potrimps. This rite is typical for the Baltic perception of the other world and is a special case of the common for Indo-European peoples idea of death. 1. Генрих Латвийский. Хроника Ливонии. Л., 1938. 2. Ипатьевская летопись // Полное собрание русских летописей. М., 1962. Т. 2. 3. Петр из Дусбурга. Хроника земли Прусской. М...

This article examines the results of municipal reform, analyses the budgetary policy of the Kaliningrad region, and identifies the problems of formation of local budget revenues. The author described the methods to improve budgetary policy, which could level the differences in economic and social development of municipalities and solve the problem of stability and independence of local budgets. 1. Об областном бюджете на 2010 год и плановый 2011 и 2012 годы : закон Калининградской области № 402...

The article presents new series of radiocarbon dates in the context of the South-Eastern Baltic maritime culture chronology. The author emphasises the antiquity of the radiocarbon dates in comparison to the maritime culture period. 1.  Зальцман Э.   Б . Поселения культуры шнуровой керамики на территории Калининградской области. Калининград, 2004. 2.  Зальцман Э.   Б . К вопросу о памятниках вальдбургского типа // Россий­ская археология. 2008. №   3. С. 134­­—139. 3.  Римантене Р.   К. Хронология...

The article examines the evolution of French historiography of the Teutonic Order. The author reviews key works of contemporary French historians of the Order. 1.  Богдан А . Тевтонские рыцари / пер. А.   И. Вишневского. СПб., 2008. 2.  Матузова В.   И . Средневековый Немецкий орден в современной междуна­родной историографии // Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы: мате­риалы и исследования: 2002 год: Генеалогия как форма исторической памяти. М., 2004. 3.   Dailliez L . Les chevaliers Teutoniques...

On the basis of war-time sources, this article reconstructs the image of East Prussia created by Soviet propaganda and considers the context of its formation. The author demonstrates the use of this image over post-war decades. Propaganda discourse is interpreted as a practice of cultural assimilation of East Prussia. 1.  Бирковский В.   Г., Исупов В.   С., Фарутин И.   А. История нашего края: пособие для учащихся. Калининград, 1990. 2.  Брускин А. Здесь стояли батареи // Калининградская правда...

The peculiarities of the EU enlargement policy are investigated in this article. The author attempts to analyze the reasons for the division of the Baltic States into two negotiation groups as well as the developed mechanism of the acceleration of the preparation for the EU accession....

The author discusses urgency and current necessity of the problem of corporate culture for the businessmen of the Kaliningrad region who are carrying out activity on territory surrounded by the EU. He gives special attention to fitting the European norms of corporate culture in conditions of economy globalization. 1.  Бобрик Ж. К вопросу формирования корпоративной культуры на пред­приятиях ...

The forms of crossborder and transborder cooperation of mediumsized cities of Kaliningrad region in Baltic Sea Region are described. The description of wto European Union’s instruments for international cooperation in Baltic Sea Region is presented. The short analysis of participation of medium-sized cities of Kaliningrad region in projects of programmes for transborder and crossborder cooperation such as Interreg III B (Baltic Sea Region Neighbourhood Programme) and Interreg III A (Lithuania-Poland-Kaliningrad...

This article compares the frequency of the use of the toponym 'Baltic' in the names of small enterprises in Baltic cities. The author draws conclusions on the role of small business in the development of regional identity in the Baltic Sea region and assesses the prospects for the formation of a regional business community in the Baltic region. 1.  Барыгин И.   Н. (ред.) Дискурс в региональном контексте — Балтийское из­мерение: материалы исследовательского семинара. СПб., 2005. С. 9—13. 2...

The article reveals major regulation trends of international cooperation at the regional level which being officially adopted are implemented in the Kaliningrad region. Special attention is given to international agreements, involvement in international programs and projects, information for foreign economic activity and development of euroregions with Russian participation. 1.  Внешнеэкономическая деятельность предприятий и организаций Калинин­градской области за 2000—2007 гг.: статистический...

The article revue s issue of Russian foreign trade on Baltics. Special attention is given to the major role of the Baltic Sea macroregion in the process of economic integration of Russia into the Common European Economic Space. 1.  Грот Н.   Б. Экономическое сотрудничество // Северо-Запад России в ре­гионе Балтийского моря: проблемы и перспективы экономического взаимодей­ствия и сотрудничества / под ред. Я. Заухи, Г.   М. Федорова, Л.   Э. Лимо­нова, Н.   Ю. Одинг. Калининград, 2008. 2.  Информационно-издательский...

This article reveals various aspects of regional transboundary cooperation including foreign trade, investment climate, and implementation of transboundary infrastructure projects financed by European funds. The analysis conducted is based on the results of transboundary cooperation with the participation of Kaliningrad business entities. The author considers the impact of economic crisis on transboundary interaction. 1.  Винокуров Е.   Ю. Мирохозяйственные связи Калининградской области: эко­номическое...

This article emphasises the extinction of the classical Euroasian doctrine, which, however, did not become a theoretically substantiated and integral one. This process was hindered, according to G. Florovsky, both by the variety of its genealogical sources, and the attempts of Euroasians to combine scientific-philosophical provisions with ideological attitudes. 1.      Хоружий С.   С. Русь — новая Александрия: страницы из предыстории ев­разийской идеи // Начала. 1992. №   4. 2.      Его...

This article examines the development programmes of leading Russian universities, their licenses and non fee paying student admission plans for each level of higher education. This analysis serves as the basis for identifying the shortcomings of the multi-degree system implementation; the author suggests measures to remedy these shortcomings. 1.  Место в элитном клубе // Эксперт-Урал. 2010. №   25 (246). 2.  Образование в России-2008: стат. бюллетень. М., 2009. 3.   Положение о подготовке научно-педагогических...

This article considers the connection between the phenomenon of philosophical education and the problem of rationality in the framework of socialphilosophical discourse. The author examines the process of development of philosophical education institution as a means to transmit the basic values of classical European rationality. The role of philosophical education in the resolution of civilization crisis is analyzed in the context of system approach. 1.  Йегер В. Воспитание античного грека. М....

The article is devoted to studying the territorial patterns of the formation of an innovative space and ensuring innovation security at a municipal level. The geogra­phy of the study covers the municipalities of the Rostov region. The analysis of some indicators of innovative activity characterizing the level of provision of residents and small and medium-sized businesses of municipali­ties in the region with financial and information and communication services, supporting the entrepreneurial infra­structure...

The practice of managing large urban agglomerations in the status of metropolitan areas is underrepresented in modern Russian conditions. Spatial planning documents concerning agglomerations usually do not reflect the realities and relations within these formations, which have de facto existed for a long time. Moreover, the experience in managing such forms of settlement is accumulated abroad, where active reorganization of the management system is regularly taking place, the paradigms and principles...

... of submarine ground water discharge on coastal surface sands of the southern Baltic Sea // Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. — 2017. -Vol. 189. — рр. 131—142. 19. European Mediterranean Seismological Centre. URL: https://static1.emsc . eu/Images/EVID/11/113/113585/113585.regional. seismicity. jpg (дата обращения 2.12.2020) 20. Kotwicki L. et al. Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community // Journal of Marine Systems. ...

The article reveals the statistical potential and the existing possibilities of establishing environmental-economic and ecosystem accounting to support coastal and marine management in the Kaliningrad region. The relevance of these accounts is determined by the geopolitical role and strategic importance of this region for achieving the national goals of sustainable development of the Russian Federation, in particular, SDG 14 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for...

The coastal area of Russia is a dynamically developing region of the coun­try, the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of which has grown significant­ly in recent decades due to changes in the external conditions of development. The differences in the socio-economic development of the coastal area of Russia are reflected in the numerous gradients of the migration situation, the study of which determines the purpose of this article. The study relies on typology, statis­tical and general scientific...

The study examines the spatial and temporal distribution of global scien­tific knowledge on social innovation in rural areas. It is possible to assess the scientific productivity of a particular thematic area using the methods of sci­entometrics, which make it possible to compare the achievements of countries, regions and individual researchers, as well as to organize data on the infor­mation flow of scientific publications. The Scopus abstract database was taken as the data source, and the VOSviewer...

The innovation development dynamics of coastal regions is under the growing influence of the agglomeration factor and the coastalization factor, which results in polarizing the innovation space around large cities and urban agglomerations in the coastal zone. Coastal agglomerations act as drivers for regional development, concentrating a significant part of the population, eco­nomic entities, scientific, technological, and financial infrastructure, drawing resources from other municipalities. This...

As part of the study, the authors have considered the Interreg Programme as a tool for the cross-border cooperation development. The projects granted from «Russia — Lithuania» Interreg Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Pro­gramme 2014—2020 and «Poland — Russia» Interreg CBC Programme 2014—2020 have been the research subjects. The authors have identified the most active actors of cross-border cooperation from the Kaliningrad region and the border regions of Lithuania and Poland and have compared the...

A review of the skin ultrasound publications shows that this examination is one of the most popular diagnostic procedures in dermatology, cosmetology and oncology. Current research data defined the concept of "ultrasound ana­tomy of the skin", it is noted that an ultrasound examination of healthy skin with modern sensors can visualize three of its layers, appendages of skin and ves­sels of small diameter, located in the dermis and the upper layer of sub­cu­ta­neous fat tissue. The significance...