The Conjunction Functions of the Particle tolko: A Conjunction Particle vs a Conjunction Analogue
This article considers the conjunction functions of the logical and modal particle tolko. A study into the functioning of logical and modal particles led the author to identify the basic syntactic positions that determine the functional and grammatical status of the lexical units studied: the particle, the conjunction particle, and the conjunction analogue. The conjunction behaviour of a particle can be manifested to a greater or lesser degree. The particle/conjunction relation forms a gradient....
Supranational party system of the EU
The article confirms the hypothesis that a multiplicity of parties of the European and national levels forms the party system of the European Union (EU). The authors describe the main characteristics of Europarties and political groups comprised of them as key actors in the European Parliament’s (EP) political ...
The international legal regulation of the status of voluntary human shields
The analysis of existing rule of International humanitarian law governing the cases of use of human shields by the parties of armed conflict justifies the conclusion that these persons are a sui generis case and should be regarded as an exception to a number of general rules. As a result, they should not be classified as taking a direct part in hostilities and must ...
Polish-Russian relations as reflected in the programmes of right-wing political parties in Poland: a quantitative and qualitative analysis
Programmes of political parties are an important element of public discourse. In this article, I present the results of research aimed at defining the place of Russia and Polish-Russian relations in the programmes of several Polish right-wing political groups. I attempt an overview ...
Modal particles, their function and meaning in the texts of the «St. Petersburg Vedomosti» newspaper (late 18th — mid19th centuries)
The author explores the function and role of modal particles in the texts of the St. Petersburg Vedomosti newspaper. Modal particles are describes as a means of representing the position of the author of newspaper texts, and speaking broadly, and a means of expressing subjective modality. Modal particles accentuate modal and textual meanings and bring socially significant information to the reader. The author analyses the role of modal particles in enriching news texts with modal and qualitative...
Dynamics of falling rotating particle. Part 1
It is shown that the formula for coefficient of force of Zhukovsky-Magnus can be used and at large numbers of Reynolds up to values 1000. However at values of large numbers 2000 results of calculations do not correspond to ex-perimental datas. In the latter case the new formula is recommended.
1. Vasseur P., Cox R. G. The lateral migration of spherical particles sedimenting in a stagnant bounded fluid // J. Fluid Mech. 1977. Vol. 80, № 3. P. 561—591.
2. Dennis S. C., Singh S. N., Ingham D...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
The article explores the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in entrepreneurship education within universities. This exploration is set against the backdrop of the rapid and widespread integration of AI technologies across economic and other domains of life. The authors aim to define the concept of ‘entrepreneurial potential’ and elucidate the contribution of AI in augmenting the entrepreneurial potential among university students in the Baltic States. To achieve this goal, the authors...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
... Baltic macro-region have a considerable, albeit declining, importance for the development of the three regions. These ties are beneficial to both sides, and their curtailment resulting from the actions of the Western countries can hardly aid any of the parties. Yet, as shown above, Russia’s Baltic regions are successfully developing despite the dwindling contribution of the Baltic macro-region countries to their international trade. Russia’s ‘window on Europe’ is increasingly becoming one of ...
Ethnic minority organisations in Russia and Poland: a comparison challenge
... Ślůnskij Godki.
36. Zweiffel, Ł. 2013, Ruch Autonomii Śląska, Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica, № XI, p. 178—199.
37. Lynch, P., De Winter, L. 2008, The Shrinking Political Space of Minority Nationalist Parties in an Enlarged Europe of the Regions, Regional & Federal Studies, vol. 18, № 5, p. 583—606,
https://doi.org/10.1080/13597560802351606
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38. Fagerholm, A. 2016, Ethnic and Regionalist Parties in Western Europe: A Party Family? Studies in Ethnicity ...
Suspended Particulate Matter Distribution Along the Northern Coast of the Kaliningrad Peninsula
The study of suspended particulate matter in the southeastern Baltic Sea is motivated both by human-induced impact and by the natural features of the Baltic Sea, namely, the high levels of eutrophication and complicated sedimentation conditions. The study area is human-occupied, which contributes to the significance of the findings for sustainable nature, and coastal zone, management. The main aim of this research is to study the spatial distribution variability of suspended particulate matter north...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
For several decades, EU-Russian regional cooperation helped effectively respond to the local challenges. The EU terminated programmes for regional cooperation with Russia and Belarus in 2022. The existing paradiplomatic structure, however, may be of interest to scholars and policymakers as a model to be reproduced by Russia in cooperation with non-EU neighbours. The study aims to identify the main trends in paradiplomacy by examining Russian-Finnish regional collaboration. It reviews theoretical...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
The distance of migration is closely linked to life course events, which are, in turn, marked by age. It serves as a criterion for distinguishing migration from other forms of spatial mobility. This paper aims to calculate the average distance of domestic migrations in Russia between 2011 and 2020, considering various migrant profiles such as sex, age, and type of residential registration. The Euclidean distance between 130,000 geocoded Russian settlements was computed to estimate migration distances...
Categorical Moral Requirements
This paper defends the doctrine that moral requirements are categorical in nature. My point of departure is John McDowell’s 1978 essay, “Are Moral Requirements Hypothetical Imperatives?”, in which McDowell argues, against Philippa Foot, that moral reasons are not conditional upon agents’ desires and are, in a certain sense, inescapable. After expounding McDowell’s view, exploring his idea that moral requirements “silence” other considerations and discussing its particularist ethos,...
Gradation levels of value conditionality in political participation
The article presents the results of a theoretical study on the substantiation of the levels of value conditionality of political participation. On the basis of the subjective and objective nature of values, the level of normative ideals and that of individual priorities in the conditionality of civic activity and the political participation of young people have been singled out.
1. Баталов Э. Я. Политическая культура России сквозь призму civic culture...
The dynamics of the dispersible particle which is blown off from a flat level by the laminar Couette layer
Character of influence Saffmena force on the particles out of the layer is detected. The longitudinal velocity of the particle can be more fluid speed, then the power Saffmena will be directed to the surface. In these circumstances we need a big initial vertical velocity of the particle to reach the outer layer of the border.
1. Великанов Н. Л., Наумов В. А., Космодамианский А. С. Моделирование осаждения твёрдых частиц в...
Russian Socio-Economic Geography: Status, Challenges, Perspectives
The socio-economic geography studies the processes, characteristics and patterns of spatial development. In the recent decades, however, this area of scientific investigation has failed its promise, which happened for a number of external and internal reasons. The main external reason is the development of "consumer society", which does not require the search of new space and therefore ignores the "spatial" science, geography. Internal reason is the blurring of socio-economic...
On multiple semiotics integrally, aspectively and concretely
Anton Zimmerling’s interpretation of the discursive particle TI1 is an important achievement. The article considers possibilities used by Zimmerling to interpret TI1 as a discursive particle, enclitic, part of speech and semantic sign. In addition, the article discusses its interpretation as a pragmatic marker. The author comments on the interpretations of semiotics by Zimmerling, in particular, the question of primary and secondary semiotic systems. The author presents his own concept of semiotics...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
Today Russia has difficulty doing business-as-usual with EU states. It seems that the countries of the Visegrad Group (V4) and the Baltic Assembly/Baltic Council of Ministers (BA/BСM) have contributed substantially to this state of affairs. Overall, the tensions between Russia and the EU are building up – another tendency that did not arise on the Russian initiative. This article aims to address the question of whether Russia should establish direct relations with the V4 and the BA/BCM as tools...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
The demand for digital technologies has been growing due to a shift in the technological and economic paradigm. The need for online services has increased since the beginning of the COVID pandemic. There are significant disparities between Russian regions in the digital technology accessibility and the development of computer skills. In 2020, the Internet diffused rapidly in most regions, although previously, there had been a slowdown. As markets got saturated with digital services, the digital divide...
Organized crime in the Soviet Russia: the paradox of institutionalization. Part One.
The aim of the study is to define the role of organized crime in Russia over a major period in the 20th century, and analyze transformation that this criminal activity underwent. The article opens with the analysis of the development processes of the organized crime typical for the Soviet society. It is shown that in the Soviet period of history, organized crime, inheriting the previous organizational forms, acquired new features that reflected particular features of the new social and economic structure...
Participation of foreign volunteers in the Greek Revolution of 1821—1830
The article examines the volunteer movement from European countries to Greece in order to assess its role in the revolution of 1821—1830. The study relies on the proclamations of the rebels, diplomatic documents, materials of the Philhellenic committees, the press, diaries, memoirs and correspondence of contemporaries. The author analyzes the background, organization, funding sources, the nature of the participation of volunteers in hostilities. The study used historical-genetic and historical-comparative...
Comparative analysis of students’ collective consciousness in the Russia-EU and Russia-China border regions: mathematical modelling
Given the unique diversity of Russian regions, regional studies are becoming particularly important for ensuring the stability and development of Russia. There is an extensive body of literature on the economic and social characteristics of Russian regions, their types and ranking whereas the study of collective consciousness requires further attention. It is the collective consciousness that shapes human activity, the results of which largely determine the development of countries and their regions...
Party system nationalization in Estonia
... nationalization to understand whether the ‘integration’ project has helped to narrow the ideological divide between ethnic Estonians and ethnic Russians. In other words, the study asks whether ethnic Estonians and ethnic Russians vote for the same political parties in comparable proportions or there are ‘Estonian’ and ‘Russian’ parties in the country. The analysis of the outcomes of four local and four parliamentary elections that took place in Estonia in 2005—2019 shows that by the mid-2000s Estonia ...
Estonia’s party system today: electoral turbulence and changes in ethno-regional patterns
A well-developed party system has emerged in Estonia over the decades of independence. There are, however, distinct geographical patterns of voting. A number of new political parties have appeared in the country; the regional and ethnic patterns of voting (the latter matter much in Estonia) have changed dramatically. This study aims to analyse the recent changes in the Estonian party system as well as the causes of these changes ...
The dynamics of the world market of gold in the context of the present pulse geopolitical processes. Part 1. Introduction to the problem
The article is devoted to the analysis of the behaviour of bidders in the global gold market affected by short-term and medium-term geopolitical disturbances. The direction, volume, speed and time range of investments in gold are determined depending on the nature of geopolitical threats. Based on non-economic factors, the author reveals the main patterns of making trivial and non-trivial decisions on investing in gold. The first part of the article describes the influence of geopolitical processes...
The Flow of Gas with Dispersed Particles in a Cylindrical Channel at a Subsonic Speed
In this article, we present a method and an algorithm for calculating the dynamic characteristics of gas flow in a cylindrical channel at a subsonic speed, in the presence of dispersed particles in the gas. The problem of identifying the dynamic characteristics of dispersed particle- containing inert gas feed into ladles and the converter is used to improve the accuracy of inert gas dosing. The relevant boundary value problem has no analytical solution. We consider the dynamics of a steady flow of...
The subjects of legal monitoring of Justice of the Peace
The article describes the subjects of legal monitoring in the sphere of Justice of the Peace. The author formulates the definition of the "subject of legal monitoring of the justice of the peace" concept. Based on the analysis of the existing ideas about subjects of legal monitoring and practical experience of monitoring of justice of the peace, the classifications of subjects of legal monitoring of the of justice of the peace are proposed depending on the number of participants and on...
Political Parties and the Information Policy of the Norwegian Broadcasting Company at the end of XX century
The author analyses the influence of parliamentary political parties on the nature of the information policy and institutional position of the Norwegian TV and Radio Company at the end of the twentieth century. The issues of overcoming the monopoly in the market of information services and its commercialization ...
Territorial differences in the attitudes to the migration crisis in Germany: The political aspect
The European migration crisis has divided the population of Germany along the lines of the country’s migration policy and the attitude to immigrants. The antiimmigrant sentiment, supported by the rhetoric of the extreme right-wing parties and the criticism of current policies, have been growing in the society. This article reviews theoretical approaches to the study of public attitude to migrants proceeding from the effect that immigration has on the socioeconomic development of ...
Dipolarization of the earth magnetic field and charge particles precipitation from the magnetic flux tube
During the expansion phase of the substorm in the nightside magnetosphere enhancement of the magnetic field and decrease the plasma pressure is observed simultaneously. Enhancement of the magnetic field is recorded at first in the tail of the magnetosphere, and then at more closer distances from the Earth. This process takes a few minutes and covers the region in the magnetosphere of 10 Earth radii. One of possible explanations of this phenomenon is associated with cooling magnetic flux tubes caused...
International legal protection of marine environment from vessel-source pollution
This article analyses the basic norms of international law on the protection of marine environment from vessel-source pollution. The universal and regional levels of legal regulation of preventing marine environment pollution are identified. Special attention is paid to the status of the Baltic Sea as a “special area” and as a “particularly sensitive sea area”.
1. Meeresumweltschutz für Nord- und Ostsee: Sondergutachten, Februar 2004 /SRU, Der Rat von Sachverständigen für Umweltfragen...
A Lax pair for the (1+3) nonlinear equation
Integral systems with four independent variables have special signifi-cance in mathematics and physics. The discovery of inverse scattering method played an important role in reconsidering the place of integrable systems of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical sciences. The search for a systematic approach to developing exact solutions of such systems has become one of the main problems in the theory of integrable systems.
1. Fokas A. S. Symmetries and integrability // Stud....
One method for constructing exact solutions of equations of two-dimensional hydrodynamics of an incompressible fluid
We propose a simple algebraic method for constructing exact solutions of equations of two-dimensional hydrodynamics of an incompressible fluids.The problem reduces to consecutively solution three linear partial differential equations for a nonviscous fluid and to solving three linear partial differential equations and one first-order ordinary differential equation for a viscous fluid.
1. Kato T. Global solutions of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes and Euler equations // Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 1986...
A study into the passive tracer and Lagrangian particles propagation in the coastal area of South-East Baltic
This paper studies the passive tracer and Lagrange particle propagation in the coastal area of South-East Baltic using hydrodynamic numerical modelling. The inclusion of an additional parameter, which describes the variation of the passive tracer concentration as well as its connection with the Lagrange particle random walk model, into the model made it possible to identify the features of the coastal water dynamics during upwelling. The possibilities of the penetration of suspended particles of...
The Role of Small Countries in Post-Soviet Territorial Restructuring: the Baltic Case
... “feed” on it through — so metimes consciously — creating “conflict nodes” in the relations between major players. This is especially true in the case of states that do not bear responsibility for global stability.
1. Accord between the political parties represented in the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania on strategic guidelines for the foreign, security and defence policy of the Republic of Lithuania for 2014—2020, 2014, Parliament of the Republic of ithuania, available at: http://www3.lrs....
The transformation of the Swedish political party system in the late 20th/early 21st century
... interethnic tension manifested itself in the wide support for the Swedish Democrats Party in the 2010 parliamentary election. From a political party system dominated by social democrats, the Swedish political party system turned into one with two leading parties – the centre-left Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party and the centre-right Moderate Party. The Swedish Democrats position themselves as an alternative to the two party blocs headed by the dominating parties (the Alliance and the Red-Green)....
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
The article explores the immigration and integration strategies of Denmark and Sweden while assessing their efficacy. The two countries, sharing historical, cultural, social and economic similarities, face a common challenge: the formation of ethnoreligious enclaves primarily inhabited by individuals with a Muslim background. Due to the recent European migrant crises, there has been a notable increase in the number of migrants, leading to stricter integration policies in the Scandinavian countries...
The January uprising in the worldview of the Warsaw positivists
An attempt has been made to determine the views of Warsaw positivists on the January Uprising. The author turns to literary works, letters, and memoirs of representatives of Warsaw positivism and concludes that the suppression of the uprising in 1863-1864 contributed significantly to the formation of the ideology of this philosophical movement. Positivists openly condemned the Polish liberation movement, believing that armed conflicts would lead to the disappearance of the Polish nation. Despite...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
This article analyses the differentiation of municipalities at the municipal and urban district levels in the Kaliningrad and Leningrad regions based on their economic development and the response of their economies to the crises of 2020 and 2022. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of conducting such assessments by merging Rosstat statistics with publicly available accounting and tax reporting data from the Federal Tax Service. The contribution also assesses the role of small businesses in municipal...
The adaptation of Russian regions’ economies to the rupture of relations with Europe: the case of Baltic Sea ports
Despite the sweeping economic sanctions imposed by Western countries, Russia has managed to avoid a significant recession, experiencing recovery growth. The situation in the regions earlier involved in cooperation with Europe was more complicated. Yet, these territories have also succeeded in reviving their economies and returning to growth. A number of growth areas have emerged in the Russian regions, which continue to develop under sanctions. A prime example of this is Russian seaports. This article...
Forensic aspects of the state prosecutor’s participation in jury election. Situational approach
The article considers the tactical aspects of the prosecutor’s participation in forming the jury panel. The study aims to identify and analyze existing tactical issues of the state prosecutor’s involvement in this stage of judicial proceedings and develop proposals for their resolution. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and specialized methods, as well as a situational approach. Tactical tasks facing the state prosecutor at this stage of legal proceedings...
Socio-geographic approach to substantiating economic security boundaries of a border region
Dramatic geopolitical and geo-economic changes occurring since 2022 have created a new development context for Russian border regions redrawing their economic security boundaries. The latter are also changing, which is understood as the required level of security in the current mode of functioning of the territorial system in terms of its openness or closeness. These regions, especially ones located along the northwestern borders, geo-strategically gain more military and political importance for...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... submarines and aircraft could operate unnoticed in the airspace and waters of these autonomous territories.<44> In June 2022, the US Embassy in Denmark announced that, along with the modernisation of the Thule base, the American, Danish and Greenland parties discussed the installation of new radars on Greenland’s coast pursuant to the declaration of intent regarding investment in Greenland’s defence system made by the US Department of Defence in September 2018.<45> Probably, the Arctic.
...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
This article aims to analyse the structure of sites in the Kaliningrad region commemorating events, phenomena or figures of international history, as well as to reveal their symbolic significance. The study uses empirical data on the origin, time of construction and purpose of the monuments, memorials and other places of commemoration. Theoretically, it draws on the concepts of cultural memory and sites of memory. The idiographic and historiographic methods were employed along with general scientific...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... strategic decisions within the community. For instance, in a study to identify the key sources of the reputation of Norwegian mayors, interviews were conducted with the mayors themselves, as well as their partners and representatives from opposition parties [34]. The reputational method has also been used by Russian researchers [35]. In Russia, PRAVDASERM, a reputation measurement service, publishes a reputation rating of governors.
Various aspects of the reputation of authorities have been extensively ...
Cultural heritage protection in Russia and Germany: challenges and solutions
Cultural heritage sites play an important role both in terms of the study and preservation of the culture and history of a particular territory, and in terms of their importance in recreation and tourism as a “soft power” for shaping a positive image in the geopolitical arena. These two components are directly related: the maintenance of cultural heritage objects in proper condition allows them to be used in economic activities, for example in tourism; and the economic well-being of their owners...
Tactical and psychological problems of maintaining public prosecution in jury trial
The article states that psychological knowledge is important for effectively exercising state prosecution in a jury trial. The main purpose of the research is to establish and analyze existing tactical and psychological issues of prosecutor’s participation in court proceedings in criminal cases with the participation of jurors and to develop proposals for their solution. The set of general scientific and special methods is the background of the methodology of research. The article identifies common...
The ethno-cultural component of a woman image in the novel by M. A. Sholokhov “And Quiet Flows the Don”
The current stage of philology development is characterized by a complex approach to the study of interdisciplinary categories, among which the image category should be attributed. In contemporary research on psycholinguistics, semiotics, discursology, semantics, stylistics, linguoculturology, etc., various aspects of the image of linguistic and artistic are considered. At the same time, the image of a woman appears not only as a significant image of the Russian conceptual sphere, but also as an...
Levels of context: how textual analysis becomes discourse analysis: the case of Internet lifestyle media
Today the so-called problem of discourse should boil down to (1) identifying relevant contextual variables, (2) matching these to specific linguistic categories, and (3) operationalizing the former vis-à-vis the latter. Having posited this, the purpose of the article is twofold. In a more theoretical sense, the purpose is to outline one possible model of context each 'tier' of which is potentially related to certain linguistic categories and linguistic analytical toolkits. The suggested model...
Lifestyles of Kaliningrad youth
Based on an analysis of leisure and consumer practices of students of two leading Kaliningrad universities, this paper attempts to reconstruct the actual space of Kaliningrad youth lifestyles, as well as to identify and describe groups following these lifestyles in socio-economic and demographic terms. Five style groups are identified: the party people who prefer to spend their free time in bars and clubs; the hipsters who frequent theatres and lecture halls, whilst being staunch upholders of the...