Kant and the Problem of Optimism: The Origin of the Debate
Kant scholars have rarely addressed the notion of optimism as it was interpreted by the Königsbergian philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodicy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series,...
Kant and the Crusians in the Debate on Optimism
n this article, which completes a two-part series on the problem of optimism in Kant’s works, I explore in detail the arguments advanced by the Crusians A. F. Reinhard and D. Weymann against the actual world as the best of all possible worlds and in favour of the actual world as one of the good worlds, Kant’s counterarguments ...
Portfolio optimization in the case of an exponential utility function and in the presence of an illiquid asset
We study an optimization problem for a portfolio with a risk-free, a liquid, and an illiquid risky asset. The illiquid risky asset is sold in an exogenous random moment with a prescribed liquidation time distribution. We assume that the investor chooses an exponential ...
Client-side performance issues for web resources
... 2010.
5.
Akamai
reveals 2 seconds as the new threshold of acceptability for eCommerce web page response times. Business Wire. URL: http://www.businesswire. com/news/google/20090914005141/en.
6.
Average
top 100 weblog performance survey. Website Optimization. URL: http://www.websiteoptimization.com/speed/tweak/average-top-100-weblog.
7.
Average
web page size triples since 2003. Website Optimization.
URL: http://www.websiteoptimization. com/speed/tweak/average-web-page.
8.
Evolution
of the ...
Mathematical support for constructing optimal routes on a map with obstacles
The tendency to automate all processes, in particular internal logistics, is now evident in all branches of production. The optimal use of automated or automated vehicles requires solving the problem of finding optimal routes on a map with obstacles. The article deals with writing a program for finding such routes in the Microsoft Visual Studio programming environment using ...
Application the theory of an optimum detection for a spatial resolution of signals
The article deals with application of the theory of optimum detection to the azimuth resolution of two sound sources. This paper compares the solutions based on maximum likelihood method with the classical approach (Rayleigh's approach). Furthermore, the computer model and the testbench (experimental apparatus) have been created for an extensive analysis of the obtained solution. Our experimental and model results demonstrate a significant advantage of the solution obtained by using the theory of...
Performance optimization methods for web resources of culture organizations
Client-side optimization methods are very efficient to improve performance of web resources of culture organizations. In comparison to server-side optimization these methods are related to frontend architecture only and can’t be achieved only with additional hardware....
Finding optimal BKZ parametrs for NTRU lattice reduction
This article is devoted to selection of optimal parameters for lattice reduction attack against lattice-based cryptosystems that use lattices with low rank sublattices. It illustrates design flaws caused by current approach to buiding these types of cryptosystems. Its relevance and novelty ...
Model studies of the optimization procedure for the design parameters of the log-periodic C-band antenna
An optimization procedure for constructive parameters of the log-periodic C-band antenna developed in the patent No. 2571607 “Microstrip logoperiodic antenna” is investigated. The electrodynamic model of the log-periodic microstrip- type antenna for ...
Foraging strategies in the pine marten Martes martes: A model
A study based on tracking techniques showed that the foraging strategies of pine martens constitute stereotypes combining optimal foraging productivity with reducing the number of risk situations. In this species, foraging takes place in forest-grassland ecotones, which ensures a combination of foraging efficiency and risk-aversion.
1. Владимирова Э. Д. Особенности ...
On the role of landscape and geographical factors in the optimisation of regional nature management
This article analyses earlier works, which provide the basis for addressing the problem of the optimisation of regional nature management in the conditions of the Kaliningrad region. The author reviews the current state of landscapes and their development and emphasises the significance of landscape and geographical factors for efficient and environmentally friendly development.
1.
Ваулина В.
Д., Козлович И.
И.
Ландшафты // Калининградская область...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... between Western countries in the Baltic Sea region and Russia. Despite these considerations, we hoped that common sense and the economic advantages of cooperation would foster the creation of a cohesive Baltic macro-region [1], [2], [3] et al. This optimism was underpinned by initiatives such as the establishment of the Council of the Baltic Sea States, collaborative research on the Baltic macro-region within the Interreg programme, the execution of cross-border cooperation programmes, and joint ...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
... Swedish societal norms, particularly in economics, social organization, and environmental consciousness, are cited as compelling reasons for choosing Sweden as a study destination. The SI highlights Sweden’s innovative business practices, alongside an optimal balance between work or study and personal life. Moreover, the SI emphasizes Swedes’ readiness for collaborative work and cooperation, coupled with a deep respect for personal space, individual choices, and the principle of equal opportunities,...
Optimal parameters and sharp estimates of the convergence rate of the tangent expansion
In this paper we conceder the properties of the tangential incomplete block LU — decomposition. We present an analytical approach for determination of the optimal values of the decomposition parameter and derive sharp estimates of the convergence rate for a broad class of model problems. Numerical results prove that high convergence rate can be achieved by using these values also for the problems with varying ...
Determination of the optimal approach to measuring the spleen sizes by sonography
... 40 patients, the measurement was carried out in three positions of the patient’s body, in each of the positions three methods of measuring and calculating the volume of the organ were used. During the processing of the results, it was revealed that optimal visualization was provided in the patient’s supine position, the orientation of the ultrasound transducer along the long axis of the spleen. One patient obtained different volume values — the average difference was 40—70 ml, and in some ...
Global value chains in the age of uncertainty: advantages, vulnerabilities, and ways for enhancing resilience
In this paper, we seek to explain the fundamental vulnerability of global value chains (GVCs) to sudden shocks, as revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, and outline ways for enhancing their adaptability to the increased uncertainty at both conceptual and policy levels. We consider the concept and a typical multi-structural model of GVCs, highlighting the network complexity of the system of distributed production and trade in value added. Not only does this system bring competitive advantages...
Paleoecological conditions of the Gdansk basin in Holocene in the complex analysis of short sediment cores
The article is aimed at reconstructing the paleoecological conditions in the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea in the Late Holocene. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of its isolated bottom layer are strongly influenced by water exchange with the North Sea, which in connected to the World Ocean. Information on environmental conditions in the past is necessary to understand the observed changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem, to identify the natural and anthropogenic components of these changes...
Development of electric road transport: simulation modelling
... transport is rapidly gaining popularity across the world. It is an example of technological advancement that has multiple consequences for regional economies, both in terms of the adaptation of production, transport and energy systems and their spatial optimization. The experience of leading economic regions, including countries of the Baltic Sea region, shows that electric transport can potentially substitute traditional transport technologies. Based on an authentic model of system dynamics, the authors ...
Method for Calculating the Optimal Configuration of a Wind Generator
Paper is devoted to development of calculation method for optimal configuration of wind generators. Electromechanical features of permanent magnets synchronous generators with round rotor are researched, formularization is made for these features. Also mechanical properties of wind turbines with horizontal ...
The ultrasound volumetry: selecting optimal formula based on linear liver dimensions (ex vivo study)
The authors aim to identify the most optimal formula for calculating the volume of liver based on its linear size ex vivo. The authors measured liver volume in thirty-three corpses by placing the liver in water and calculating the displaced volume of the liquid. Liver was measured in each ...
A solution of the transport task in relation to the cargo rail transportation
A task of searching of the optimal route maximizing the carrier profits is formulated. А сomparison of several methods of this task solution is carried out.
1. Balas E., Martin G. ROLL-A-ROUND: Software Package for Scheduling the Rounds of a Rolling Mill. Pittsburgh, PA, 1986....
Bases of the theory of digital communication systems with not orthogonal carrier frequencies
The algorithm of the solution of the task of permission of signals in communication systems with not orthogonal carrier frequencies is provided. A basis are provisions of the theory of optimum reception in the annex to communication systems. It is shown that the system of equations of credibility allows to solve for communication systems the problem of permission of signals in the field of their nonorthogonality. It is shown that the solution of the task of permission of signals in communication...
Formalization and solving optimal control technological complexes
... оптимального управления сложными технологическими объектами. М., 2004.
Rutkovsky A., Arounyants G., Kovaleva M., Tedeeva N.
automated systems, mathematical methods, plurality of interconnected paths, optimal control, finite control
81-89
Modeling studies of filtering process of the radio pulse from noise
Presents the results of model studies of the possibilities of a filtration of pulse centered on the background frequency interference maximum likelihood method. Basis are the principles of the theory of optimal reception and submission of the linear space of signals. Shows odnosno-ness of the solution of the filtering problem in the field of orthogonality of signal and noise, and their reorthogonalize . Submitted to evaluation of the dynamic range of ...
To the question of control of accuracy in solving the inverse problem microseismic
Discusses the issues of control accuracy for solving the inverse kinematics problem of microseismic. This problem is to determine coordinates of acoustic emission sources. Investigate questions of constructing optimal algorithms and the influence of noise in the data on the stability of the obtained solution. Demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in comparison with generic algorithms without estimation of optimal parameters of the solution.
1. Erokhin ...
The filtration radio pulse maximum likelihood method
This article presents a solution to the problem of resolution of two radio impulses through the maximum likelihood method. The authors have obtained expressions for the optimum processing of a set of two radio impulses in the domains of their orthogonality and non-orthogonality, as well as expressions for the dispersion of radio impulse parameters (Rao-Cramér dispersion). The article presents the results of model calculations showing the possibilities of resolving two radio impulses using the maximum...
Examples of the mathematical model of the management company
... as an example of a managing company are considered. The first model is based on balance equations of the organization. It takes into account and systematizes income and expenses of a managing company. The second model is presented in the form of the optimal control problem. Wherein, the discounted profit of the company was selected as an optimization element, whereas the costs of housing modernization were chosen as a control element.
Бабина В. В. Проблемы развития рынка ...
iltering of signals from noise by maximum likelihood method
A method of filtering radar pulse on the background of the focus obtained by frequency interference. The basis of the method are the principles of the theory of optimal reception and position of the linear space of signals. Derived the basic expressions when filtering of the signal strength in the area of orthogonality of signal and noise, and their non-orthogonality. Equations for impulse and hour-tonyh characteristics ...
Multiparametrical optimization of multimodal functions
The course of development of a software for multiparametrical optimization on the basis of genetic algorithms is described. A brief description of a subject domain is given and a feature of the problem is explained. The basic development cycles and achieved on a today level of execution and structure of the program ...
The conflicts of woodland management and the methods of these conflicts resolution in the Kaliningrad Region
The article examines the conflict situations, caused by the anthropogenic transformation of forest landscapes in some areas of the Kaliningrad region. The ways of timber exploitation optimization, including the possibilities of the development of forest bee-keeping are examined.
1.
Доклад
о состоянии и об охране окружающей среды Калининградской области в 2003 году....
Set of algorithms for constructing university timetable – part 1: system of evaluating timetable quality based on fuzzy logic and features of algorithm for searching an optimal timetable
... timetabling and highest penalty imposed on one of the constraints. The system based on a series of intelligible rules and use the algorithms of fuzzy logic for getting the final evaluation of timetabling was created. An algorithm for searching a set of Pareto optimal timetables based on the Pareto simulated annealing algorithm is constructed.
1.
Рутковская Д., Пилиньский М., Рутковский Л.
Нейронные сети, генетические алгоритмы и нечеткие ...
Optimal parameters for consequences of tangential and two-frequency decompositions
...
Hackbusch W
. Iterative solution of large sparse systems of equations. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
Buzdin A. A., Vasilieva E. A.
systems of linear equations, incomplete block-decomposition, tangential decomposition, twofrequencies decomposition, optimal parameters.
142-152
Method of processing of the ionospheric signals pulse
The new method of processing of pulse ionospheric signals is presented. It is based on positions of the theory of optimum reception. However these positions are applied to difference to the equation received after transformation of the accepted message. The theory of a method of processing is presented, the results of modeling calculations illustrating efficiency of a method of processing are resulted.
1.
Перов А.
И.
Статистическая теория радиотехнических...
Kant and the “internal colonisation of Russia” (on the book In¬ternal Colo-nisation. Russia’s Imperial Experience by A. Etkind)
... Universität Königsberg (1720–1804) / Mit einer Einleitung und Registern hrsg. von M. Oberhausen, R. Pozzo. Bd. 1, 2. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, 1999. S. 311, 318, 325-326, 346, 353
10. Sgarbi M. The Kant-Weymann Controverse. Two Polemical Writings on Optimism. Verona, 2010
11. Weymann D. Beantwortung des Versuchs einiger Betrachtungen über den Optimismus: Den 14. October, 1759. Königsberg, 1759. ND // Sgarbi M. The Kant-Weymann Controverse. Two Polemical Writings on Optimism
12. Kant I. Brief ...
Rural areas of Eastern Germany: modern challenges
After the German reunification the agricultural development of eastern territories seemed to have picked up its pace. Yet the main problems those territories are facing today hatched already in the mid-1990s. In our study we address the problems and challenges that hinder sustainable development of East German rural areas. We analyse agricultural statistics and describe the structure of agricultural enterprises, land-use, and other critical dimensions of agriculture. We discuss pros and cons of modern...
Directions and prospects for the development of geography and geoecology in Kaliningrad State University — Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University: The role in personnel training
Currently, there is a growing need for a more precise theoretical justification and the definition of a methodology for studying geographical disciplines to optimize the interaction between society and nature, ensuring environmental safety. The specificity of modern education requires the implementation of a new, practice-oriented approach. A historical perspective on the development of scientific research ...
Priorities for the development of manufacturing industries in the Kaliningrad region
The Kaliningrad region is a socio-economically developed area with a steadily increasing population. Its economy is predominantly influenced by manufacturing industries, whose growth is supported by the region’s strategic geographic position on the Baltic coast and the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) regime. However, the region’s exclave status, which makes it reliant on external factors, hinders its development. Any change in these external factors could necessitate a restructuring of manufacturing...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... countries, these devices have now taken the lead as the primary means of accessing the internet, surpassing traditional wired connections. The ongoing technological advancements in mobile networks, such as bandwidth upgrades, increased base station density, optimized tariffs, and improved digital literacy, have collectively led to a surge in active internet users. This has, in turn, expanded the global digital sphere, establishing mobile internet as a cost-effective and accessible means of communication ...
Digital transformation of Russian prosecution bodies: current status and development prospects
... prosecutors’ qualification enhancement in the context of a practice-oriented digital educational environment. An analysis of tasks within the digitization of supervisory activities is conducted, and proposals are formulated to enhance the efficiency and optimize both departmental control by the Russian Prosecutor’s Office and information-analytical and monitoring activities during supervisory measures.
Shabarov D.V., Alekseeva Yu. B., Povzhik O.G.
prosecutor’s office, digitalization, transformation,...
Formation of a reclamation layer at open-cast mining
... 0.4 m. The thickness of the fertile soil layer can be reduced to 0.20 m when arranging hayfields and pastures plots. During forest reclamation, the soil composition of the reclamation layer prepared for trees in the root layer (1.5—2 m) should be optimal for tree growth. Large (more than 0.3 m) stones should not be fixed at ground level (0.4—0.5 m), as this makes mechanization difficult. Also, the amount of fine-grained soil should not be lower than 5—10 %. Otherwise, a fertile soil layer ...
Forensic aspects of cyberbullying as a form of destructive behavior on the Internet
... cyberbullying in modern science. The problems of investigation and prevention of bullying are incurred by very limited control in the digital space, first of all social networks due to anonymity of their users. The article proposes some measures to optimize the forensic prevention of crimes committed through cyberbullying. The choice of specific preventive measures should be conditioned by: materials of the criminal case; circumstances prevailing at the time of the decision to implement preventive ...
Institution of criminal proceedings for economic offences
At present, provisions of the law about an institution of criminal proceedings in the economic sphere are controversial. The order of criminal prosecution of such crimes also is not defined clearly. The purpose of the research is to develop the optimal scenario for initiating these criminal cases and determining the most appropriate procedure for their investigation. This study relied on the methods of comparative studies, analysis and synthesis. Using the method of comparative studies, the ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... tensions in the region remain strong and various countries differ in their interpretation of the societal security concept and sustainable development strategy, the general dynamic in the BSR is relatively positive and gives some grounds for cautious optimism.
Sergunin A. A.
societal security, Russia, Baltic Sea region, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Baltic 2030 Agenda Action Plan
4-24
10.5922/2079-8555-2021-3-1
Developing geotourism with a focus on geoheritage in a transboundary region: the case of the Curonian Spit, a UNESCO site
Recreation in protected areas (PAs) has received special attention amid international travel restrictions. The conflict between the conservation and economic use of these territories is increasing. This work aims to find ways to optimise and modernise environmental outreach and recreation in national parks as a type of PAs. Geotourism is viewed here as a sustainable form of tourism bridging the gap between conservation and recreation. Several objectives have been attained to fulfil this aim. The...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... optimisation problems as there are objects of observation. Moreover, the objective function reflects in one form or another the efficiency of objects, one by one, whilst the system of constraints includes data on all the objects [18]. All the objects are optimally assessed using available data, and this makes it possible to compare the objects, ranking them according to their capacity to transform resources into results.
A strength of DEA is the possibility to include in the analysis several outputs varying ...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
... the emergence of new socio-political problems, the imbalance between existing and required infrastructure, the increasing share of transportation costs in the overall structure of logistics expenses, and other factors. However, focusing solely on optimizing operational activities does not seem sufficiently convincing from the long-term perspective of development. Research on companies engaged in various transport and logistics operations has revealed a lack of attention to the analysis and evaluation ...
Problem aspects of participation of the prosecutor in the stage of initiating a criminal case
... proposed to turn the prosecutor into a leading participant in the stage of initiating a criminal case and to transform prosecutorial supervision into a means of procedural management of the preliminary investigation bodies. It is substantiated that the optimization of the stage of initiating a criminal case is possible only according to the model of the supremacy of the prosecutor in pre-trial proceedings.
Levchenko O.V.
stage of initiating a criminal case, prosecutor, prosecutorial supervision,...
Conceptualizing emotions through discourse: a pragmatic view on the reader's interest
... and concrete elaboration (N = 17). The strategies tend to present the most significant text ideas, reduce reader’s efforts for processing, and introduce the reader into the discourse-world. The findings suggest that the strategies aim to enhance the optimal relevance and conceptualize reader’s interest through the communicative dimension of relevance.
Alba-Juez, L., 2021. Affect and emotion. In: M. Haugh, D. Z. Kádár and M. Terkourafi, eds. The Cambridge Handbook of Sociopragmatics. Cambridge,...
Angiolini vs Kant: Philosophical Endeavour at the Polotsk Jesuit Academy
The movement for the revival of the Scholastic tradition (Neo-Scholasticism) was a reaction to devastating criticism by the representatives of Enlightenment which led to the destruction of traditional metaphysics and of epistemological optimism, the two pillars of European religious philosophy. Reception of Kantian ideas in Neo-Scholasticism varied from total rejection to its use in renewing the philosophical foundation of religious philosophy. In this regard the legacy of the Polotsk ...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... value system and disinformation against Russia.
As I see it, the systemic threat to our geopolitical security is currently based on three main vulnerabilities of Russian society:
1. The most important element of the geopolitical security system is the optimal communication between the ruling and the subordinate, in other words, between the authorities and administration, on the one hand, and the public, on the other.
2. The performance discipline of administrative authorities is breaking down, they ...