Normal range of liver stiffness measurement in healthy people
                            The article focuses on normative values of the liver shear wave elastography and comparison of various works in elastography of the international and Russian research. A variety of normal values of liver stiffness during shear wave elastography obtained by different authors when measuring on various devices are presented. The normal range of liver stiffness measurements in healthy people varies widely: the normal liver elasticity values may vary in range of 1.5—7.5 kPa on measuring by transient...
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Concepts of social support: positive and negative effects of social relations in the context of subjective well-being of a human being
                             ... authors present their own typology of positive and negative effects of social support in situations of normal and abnormal social functioning of an individual.
1.
     
Berkman L., Glass T., 
Brissette
I.
, Seeman T.
From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium // Social Science and Medicine. 
2000. Vol. 51. P. 843—858. 
2.
     
Bolger N., Zuckerman A., Kessler R.
 
C.
Invisible support and adjustment to stress 
// Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The use of MOS-SF-36 health survey for identifying specific psychological characteristics in primary school students with somatic pathologies
                            This article reports the results of a study into the quality of life of younger students with the help of MOS-SF-36 survey. Its information capacity is proved in case of identifying the psychological health components of health in children who suffered from iron deficiency anemia at a younger age. The author identified the long-term adverse effect of iron deficiency on the cognitive development and psychological health at primary school age.
1. Айвазян ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            On the role of education in health protection   and the development of health behaviour by children and youth
                            This article examines the role of education in the development of health behavior by groups and individuals. The author proves that healthcare is a possible and necessary function of an educational institution.
1. 
Доклад
о мировом развитии — 2007: Развитие и новое поколение.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Health protection of students: the opportunities for health socialisation within the education system
                            This article considers the social and psychological mechanism of socialization of children and youth in the health sphere and emphasises the need and opportunities for health socialization of students by means of an educational institution.
1. Кислицина О. А. Масштабы распространения курения и потребления ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Natural Increase in the Baltic South and South-West
                             ... New Religions Phenomena in Central and Eastern Europe / ed. I. Borowik,G. Babiński. Kraków, 1997.
 8. Cipko A. Razmyšleniâ o prirode i pričinah kraha postsovetskogo liberalizma //Vestnik Analityki. 2004. N 3(17). P. 4—24.
 9. Cockerham W. C. Health lifestyles in Russia // Social Science & Medicine.2000. № 51. P. 1313—1324.
 10. Europa Wschodnia — Ameryka Łacińska. Pozycja jednostki i system rządu /ed. K. Complak. Wrocław, 2002.
 11. Cubbins L. A., Szaflarski M. Family effects ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Kant in the Time of COVID
                            During the coronavirus pandemic, communities have faced shortages of important healthcare resources such as COVID-19 vaccines, medical staff, ICU beds and ventilators. Public health officials in the U.S. have had to make decisions about two major issues: which infected patients should be treated first (triage), and which people who are at risk of infection should be inoculated first (vaccine distribution). Following Beauchamp ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The dynamics of youth behaviour in the field of healthy nutrition under the influence of mass media
                            This article consdiers the problem of mass media influence on the process of health behavior development, in particular, in the field of nutrition. The authors address the possibilitues and features of mass media as a factor of health protection. The article presents the results of an experiment relating to the availability of ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Environmental condition as a factor affection the health of Saint Petersburg residents
                            This article analyses the state of health of Saint Petersburg residents in the changing conditions of connatural and social environment. Saint-Petersburg is presented as a Russian metropolis and, simultaneously, an integral component of the Baltic region. The authors compare the health ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Schoolchildren’s health protection in the condition of inclusive education: The problems and the ways to solve them
                            This article addresses the problems of health protection of schoolchildren with special needs in the conditions of inclusive education. The author considers the structure of social attitudes of teachers, students, parents, children with disabilities, and regular students to the teaching activities ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Primary school teachers’s attitude to the formation of psychological health: An empirical study
                            This article addresses the problem of promoting students’ health as a teacher’s activity within the educational system; special attention is paid to the pilot study into social attitudes to psychological health and its promotion in primary school teachers. The author analyses the classical ternary structure ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Theoretical problems of developing a healthcare strategy for students within a regional education system
                            The author's treatment of key concepts and terms of strategic planning is given in the article in relation to health protection of those studying within an education system, namely, the concept and strategy of health protection, strategic choice of education system, the purpose of students’ health protection, the object and agent of health protection strategy.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Pedagogical Aspects of Medical Practice
                            The formation of patients' self-preservation attitude is considered as a part of the professional activity of a health care worker.
1. 
Подласый И.
 
П.
Педагогика. М.: Просвещение; Гуманит. изд. центр ВЛАДОС, 1996. 
2. 
Журавлева И.
 
В.
Отношение к здоровью индивида ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The physical activity of primary school students of the city of Krasnoyarsk
                             ... of primary school students.
1. 
Кучма В.
 
Р.
Дети в мегаполисе: некоторые гигиенические проблемы. М
., 2002. 
2. 
Children
today: couch potatoes, fast-food junkies, media freaks? Lifestyles and Health behavior-first result of an international comparison H.
 
P. Brandl-Bredenbeck, M. Stefani, C. Kebler 
е
t al // Int. J. Phys. Ed. 2009. V. 46, Is. 1. 
Р
. 31—35. 
3. 
Health
Behavior in School-Aged Children. A WHO Cross-National Study.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Psychological health risks to children in modern education
                            The article focuses on the psychological threats to the health of children and youth emanating from the education system and education: relations of power between teachers and children, parents' ambition to train psychologically and physiologically immature children, etc. The author exposes the contradiction ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Psychological health of senile men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic
                            The article discusses the issue of maintaining psychological health in men and women of senile age in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 100 respondents aged 74 to 98, living in a family and in a nursing home. Negative characteristics of psychological health in men and women of senile ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The impact of family education on the development of mental health in a primary school student within pedagogical process
                            This article considers studying families as a factor in the development of mental health in the educational process. The author analyses the impact of family education style on a student’s anxiety as one of the aspects of mental health. The article considers the basic method of developing mental health in the education process and ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            A correlation between the components of attitude towards health behaviour in adult students
                            This article analyses the results of an empirical study of the structure of attitudes towards health behaviour in students of the age of 25—35 carried out with the help of a psychological questionnaire. The author stresses the disharmony in the development of cognitive, emotional-evaluative, and conativebehavioural components of health attitude.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Functions of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation in protecting the social rights of employees of healthcare institutions: theoretical and practical issues
                            The article analyzes the state of legality in the field of social security of health workers, considers the implementation of the prosecutor’s powers to oversee the enforcement of laws in the social sphere, the execution of the rights of health workers to remuneration for work, compensatory and incentive and other payments, as ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Analysis of contextual mental health factors in adolescent girls and women of fertile age
                            The aim of the article is to analyze the level and frequency of the psychopathology prevalence (stress-related disorders) in adolescent girls and women of fertile age and to identify the relationship with contextual factors that adversely affect health.
The research found that the most important contextual factors affecting psychological health and the prevalence of psychopathologies in adolescent girls and women of fertile age are family environment, the lack of supportive intrafamily relationships ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The pattern of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency in the central area of Kaliningrag city
                             ... Яковлева М. И. Физиологические механизмы действия электромагнитных полей. Л., 1973. 
10. Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Exposure of Workers to the Risks Arising from Physical Agents (Electromagnetic Fields) // Official Journal of the European Union, L184. 2004. Vol. 30, № 4. P. 1—9.
11. Guidelines for Limiting Exposure ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The morphological features of the renal corpuscles in laboratory mice during a soluble silicon compound experiment
                             ... обитания и здоровья. Чебоксары, 2001.
8. Abeywickarama B., Ralapanawa U., Chandrajith R. Geoenvironmental factors related to high incidence of human urinary calculi (kidney stones) in Central Highlands of Sri Lanka // Environ. Geochem. Health. 2016. Vol. 38(5). P. 1203—1214. 
9. Barel A., Calomme M., Timchenko A. et al. Effect of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails and hair in women with photodamaged skin // Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2005. Vol. 297(4). P.... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Sensory fatigue as a functional condition in people with disability
                             ... development of this condition in people with disabilities of different nosological groups, its symptoms and consequences. Sensory fatigue is a condition, which in itself is not a disease and does not require treatment. However, in people with poor health, it can be considered as a symptom of a health disorder. The review of literature on sensory fatigue allows us to identify methods for the study of its qualitative and quantitative characteristics, as well as to develop psychological and pedagogical ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The attitude of university students towards health behaviour in the context of nutrition: empirical research
                            This article offers the results of an empirical study of inclination and the preparedness of students to make decisions in favour of health behaviour relating to nutrition. The authors suggest a multidisciplinary approach - based on social and economic psychology – to the problem of consumption of certain goods that affect health condition.
1. Симаева И. Н. Алимпиева ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            On the competence approach to the development of “Psychology of health” master’s programme at IKBFU
                            This article is explains the need to develop a new master’s programme — “Psychology of health — as well as to identify the competences of its graduates in the sphere of formation, preservation, and recovery of health. The new master’s programme is being developed in the framework of the Programme for the Development of IKBFU.
1. Ибрагимов ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The problems of health protection socialisation of children at pre-school educational institutions
                            This article focuses on the results of health behavior diagnostic of pre-school children. They indicate that pre-school education is the only element of education system that pays attention to children’s healthcare and development of health skills. This article discusses the problems of ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Parental support and psychological health of children and adolescents
                            This article describes the features of parental support as a socio-psychological phenomenon and its relation to psychosomatic health (depression, anxiety, and somatization) in children and adolescents. The author presents a probability structural- functional model of parental support covering its content, components, and functions. Congruity, accessibility, and complementarity ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The provision of medical aid to students — a foundation for health protection of the future generation
                            This article is devoted to a comprehensive medical examination of stu-dents of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University carried out in order to analyse their health condition and find adequate forms of providing medical aid to students. The study included medical examination with division by health groups and further analysis of the data obtained.
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The formation of healthcare culture in students in a health preserving learning environment of a university
                            This paper justifies the formation of healthcare culture in students in the conditions of health protecting educational environment of a university as a pedagogical problem. The author emphasizes the connection between the cul-tural development of students’ personalities and the improvement of their health through including them into the ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The specificities of healthcare corruption offences during the Covid-19 pandemic
                            The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees every citizen the right to health protection and medical care. The practical exercising of these rights depends on the productive work of the healthcare system and the efforts of the state to maintain and develop it. Corruption in the medical environment continues to be a frequent ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Achievements and challenges in the Kaliningrad healthcare system during “real socialism”
                             ... half of the 1960s and the first half of the 1980s in comparison with the national tendencies. The processes of this time, unlike the years of early development of Kaliningrad healthcare, are poorly studied. The main sources are the documents of the Health Department of the Kaliningrad region, Oblispolkom (Regional Executive Committee) and the Bureau of Medical Statistics from the respective funds of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad Oblast. Further development of the health infrastructure, the ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Population aging and the problems of the sandwich generation: Socioeconomic and psychological aspects
                             ... Aging Studies. 2013. Vol. 27, No. 2. P. 102—112.
22.	Lankford K. Caught in the middle // Kiplinger’s Personal Finance. 2011. No. 11. P. 71—76.
23.	Marcén M., Molina J. A. Informal caring-time and caregiver satisfaction // European Journal of Health Economics. 2012. Vol. 13, No. 6. P. 683—705.
24.	Minett C. Prevention better than cure for optimised active ageing // Quali-ty in Ageing and Older Adults. 2012. Vol. 13, No. 4. P. 291—300.
25.	Parker K., Patten E. The Sandwich Generation ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Application of spatial analysis of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 (the case of the Pskov region)
                            Apart from biomedical and organizational issues, the emergence of the new coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, set large-scale tasks for creating and improving mathematical and information technologies that operate spatial data in statistical analysis and forecasting. The regional level is seen as a suitable choice for spatial analysis of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality due to the availability of statistics, as well as data on geographical patterns, characteristics of the distribution space...
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            Evaluation of the possibility of ultrasound examination of the first metatarsophalangeal joints in the diagnosis of gouty arthritis
                             ... fructose consumption, and the risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study // BMJ. 2008. Vol. 336. P. 309—312.
10. Choi J. W. J., Ford E. S., Gao X., Choi H. K. Sugar-sweetened soft drinks, diet soft drinks, and serum uric acid level: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey // Arthritis & Rheumatology. 2008. Vol. 59. P. 109—116.
11. Kim J. W., Kwak S. G., Lee H. et al. Prevalence and incidence of gout in Korea: data from the national health claims database 2007—2015 // Rheumatology ... 
                           
          
            
              
                            
              
                            The indicators of the quality of life in patients with a terminal stage of chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis
                            In this article, we present an assessment of the quality of life in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, receiving replacement therapy by hemodialysis. We give definitions of hemodialysis, chronic kidney disease, the mental component of health, and the physical component of health. The aim of this work is to evaluate the quality of life indicators in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, undergoing hemodialysis. The objective of the study is to identify the relationship between ...