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This article analyses quality of life determined by the health of working-age population of a northern region. The authors identify latent factors affecting the quality of life in men and women engaged in mental and manual labor. Differences in the self-assessment of quality of life depending on the sex and job of the respondents ...

This article presents the results of a hematological assay of blood (leucocytes, mean value of absolute and relative values of the leucocyte population: lymphocytes, total eosinophil, basophils, monocyte, and neutrophil count) in the military and reserve personnel. Seasonal, gender and age-dependent features in blood parameter changes are identified. 1. Назаренко Г. И., Кишкун ...

A cross-spectrum analysis of socially and environmentally induced disease rate in population serves as the basis for the authors’ typology of administrative districts of the Kaliningrad region according to medical and environmental factors. The authors identify the dependence between the quality of environment, healthcare infrastructure ...

This article describes the condition of woodpigeon populations in 25 towns and large villages of the Kaliningrad region. The author focuses on the possible reasons for significant differences in the population density of woodpigeon in urban areas and pays attention to the origin of urban populations. ...

... conditions of connatural and social environment. Saint-Petersburg is presented as a Russian metropolis and, simultaneously, an integral component of the Baltic region. The authors compare the health state trends in Saint Petersburg residents and the population of other Baltic countries. The environmental dependence of some diseases, including oncological ones, is emphasized. Three variants of population health forecasting are presented: inertiadepressive, stabilization, and stabilization-progressive ...

This article offers data on chironomid fauna in two lakes in the city of Kaliningrad: Lake Penkovoye and Lake Isakovskoye. The authors analyse the species composition as well as ecological characteristics of populations and estimate the condition of water ecosystems of the waterbodies under consideration on the basis of the data on quantitative characteristics and species diversity of chironomidae. 1. Винокурова Н.   В., Петрова Н....

This paper analyses the long-term dynamics of structure and abundance of bream (Abramis brama L.) population in the Vistula lagoon on the basis of 1959—2010 trawl surveys. The authors emphasise the positive long-term impact of fishing regulation. The current bream stock is estimated as sufficient. 1. Голубкова Т.   А., Рябчун ...

... but was intensified. To reach this objective, however, Lithuania required qualified workforce. Before the war, hardly any attention was paid to the training of workers for industrial-scale production and construction. Then, a considerable decrease in population during the war aggravated the already substantial labour shortage. The attempts of the republic’s leadership to solve the problems of labour shortage through organised labour migration and labour mobilisation yielded no significant results....

... Vol. 31. P. 134—138. 2. Apsite-Berina E. Starpvalstu migrācija Eiropas Savienībā: Latvijas iedzīvotāju migrācija uz Lielbritāniju : PhD-thesis Latvian University. Riga, 2013. 3. Castles S., Miller M. The Age of Migration. International Population Movements in the Modern World. 4th ed. N. Y. ; L., 2009. 4. Click H+K Research. Socialo tiklu lietojums Latvija, 2012. URL:http://twitpic. com/a6pkb6/full (дата обращения: 16.08.2013). 5. CSBL Central Statistical Bureau of ...

... social'no-jekonomicheskoe razvitie stran regiona Baltijskogo morja [Migration and socio-economic development of the Baltic Sea Region], Proceedings of the International Conference, Kaliningrad. 10. Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda [Results of the National Population Census 2010], 2011, Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat/rosstatsite/main/ (accessed: 10.02.2014). 11. Wisniewski, A. G. (ex. Ed.), 2011, Naselenie Rossii. 2009. Semnadcatyj ezhegodnyj ...

This article analyses population changes in North-West regions of Russia (the former North-Western economic zone and the Kaliningrad region) and the Baltics at the level of urban districts and municipalities. The cohort component method is used to analyze the youth population ...

... homogeneity of the social structure. This article analyses the process of elite group formation in the Baltics through the lens of the ethnic factor. By applying the ethnopolitical approach, the author concludes that the de facto barriers to non-titular population groups entering power structures, which exist in Latvia and Estonia, “freeze” the system of elite recruitment. In the conditions of increasing social unrest, it may have an adverse effect on the overall political stability in these countries....

Different political elite groups of post-communist Lithuania offer different accounts of the Soviet past. Even twenty years later, after the collapse of communism Lithuanian politicians (with the exception of certain conservative anti-nostalgic leaders allied with some populists) still do not have a unified and coherent view on the Soviet political and social practices, truths, and methods. However, conservatives are very consistent in their restrictive views about the past and are willing to engage...

..., Balt. reg., no. 4, p. 39—48. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-4-3. 28. Gross domestic product 2010, available at: PPPhttp://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GDP_PPP.pdf (accessed 4 January 2013). 29. European Commission. Eurostat. Population, available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/population/data/main_tables (accessed 4 January 2013). 30. European Commission. Eurostat. Science. Technology and Innovation, available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/science_technology_innovation/data/main_tables ...

... authorities did not result in successful state building, and the economic situation remained unchanged. The USSR leadership made an effort to improve the living conditions in post-war Lithuania. There were some mistakes made in the relations with the local population that resulted in Lithuanians’ resistance to sovietisation. However, in the conditions of post-war restoration of national economy and acute deficit of material and human resources, the Soviet leadership managed not only to reform and develop ...

... the basis of archive documents and historical studies. The author identifies the methods used by the Germans in the Klaipėda region in order to destroy the system established by the Treaty of Versailles, propagate national socialist ideas among the population, and spread a positive attitude to the restoration of the region as a part of the German Reich. The author offers a detailed analysis of the actions of the Nazi and paramilitary groups during the Anschluss in March 22—25, 1939. An examination ...

... differentiation among the residents of Latvian regions in order to assess the government’s economic policies aimed at the development of a socially inclusive market economy in the country. The paper describes the dynamics of changes in the income of population of Latvian regions over nine years (2000—2008). The authors put forward a hypothesis that the changes in the state social and economic policy tend to influence the level and dynamics of income of Latvia’s population. 1. Litvinov, V. ...

... performed. The authors consider the dynamics of biogenic element content in the streamflow, the relation of the drainage areas to certain landscapes, the share of agricultural lands and tillage in the drainage areas, the forest-land percentage, a rural population density, and the forest age and type. 1. Isachenko, A. G. 1995. Jekologicheskaja geografija Severo-Zapada. Part. 2.St. Petersburg. 2. Kondratiev, S. A. 2007. Formirovanie vneshnej nagruzki na vodoemy: problemy modelirovanija. St. Petersburg....

... Pollut Bull. Vol. 57, pp. 8—21. 4. Pawlak, J. 1980. Land-based inputs of some major pollutants to the Baltic Sea. Ambio Special issue on the Baltic, pp. 163—167. 5. Herrmann, J. 1998. Levels of radioactivity. In: The Radiological Exposure of the Population of the European Community to Radioactivity in the Baltic Sea. Maria-Balt Project, 2d S. P. Nielsen. Proceedings of a Seminar held at Hasseludden Conference Centre, Stockholm, 9—11 June 1998, pp. 77—129. 6. Brugmann, L. 1981. Heavy metals ...

This article discusses the trends of demographic development of the Baltic Sea region's cities. It analyses the factors affecting the urban population dynamics in the second half of the 20th — the beginning of the 21st centuries. The authors emphasise the dependence of the Baltic cities on the socioeconomic development level throughout the region as well as intraregional disparities. The ...

... statistical data that were unavailable in the Soviet period, the author analyses historiographical materials and studies the peculiarities of the education system, as well as evaluates the attitude of the state, the national authorities and the republic's population towards this issue. 1.      Kretinin, G.   V. 2008. Gosudarstvenno-pravovye aspekty formirovanija territo­rii i naselenija Litvy: istoricheskij ocherk. Kaliningrad, pp. 22—24. 2.      Kachestvo naselenija kak novoe kompleksnoe ...

... which forced the par­liament to initiate the process of drafting amendments to the country’s fundamental law. In 1932—1933, three nationwide referenda were held: two constitutional drafts prepared by the parliament were deemed unsatisfactory by the population, after which preference was given to an extra-parliamentary draft of amendments, which ultimately proved fatal for democracy in the country. Against the backdrop of the upcoming presidential elections, Konstantin P?ts, temporarily acting as ...

The study examines the instruments for shaping post-Soviet macro-identity in the Baltic states (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia). Macro-identification is defined in a narrow sense as a political technology of civilizational reorientation, involving a break with historical and cul­tural ties to Greater Russia and the formation of new connections with the Western world. The article proposes a theoretical integration of the concepts of macro-political identity (O. Yu. Malinova), hybrid identity, and the...

..., despite the rapid growth in staff numbers and production volumes, the plant constantly faced a severe shortage of skilled workers, high staff turnover, and low effec­tiveness of the training system through factory schools. The labor of the German population and prisoners of war played an important role in the establishment of the plant. The conclu­sions demonstrate that personnel instability and lack of qualifications became key factors lim­iting the sustainable development of the enterprise ...

... development of territories is one of the pressing tasks of social geography of the XX—XXI centuries. In the era of modern globalization and transformation of the world economy, strengthening of agglomeration effects and concentration of economic forces and population in a small number of centers, the problem of development, recovery and revival of depressed and peripheral territories is of particular importance. The purpose of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the concept of “depressive ...

... to the formation and development of recreational nature management. In improving recreational nature management, it is necessary to establish a land-use system that meets not only current but also future needs of society, the state, business, and the population — the natural end users of natural and recreational resources. A new methodological approach is proposed for assessing the nature-recreational potential of a specific territory. This approach evaluates the recreational potential of an area ...

... characterization of the existence of the Old Believer community in the region within the Russian Empire was given, circumstances of the settlement of the community members in the Northwestern region were discussed, and the dynamics of changes in the community’s population were outlined. The religious peculiarities of the ethno-confessional group of the Great Russian people were analyzed both regionally and in the broader imperial context. The development and spread of “legal Old Belief” or “Edinoverie” ...

... regarding the state control of cooperatives. During the New Economic Policy, the legislator adopted imperial cooperative legislation, granting democratic rights and freedoms to cooperatives. This was driven by the difficult financial situation of the population, especially peasants, and the acute shortage of food products. The policy of building a socialist state determined the further fate of agricultural cooperation, as well as cooperation in general, transforming it from a private-law institution ...

... infrastructure to restoring defensive facilities. Restoration work was complicated by a variety of circumstances, including the lack of military engineers in the field due to their presence at the front line, the limited possibility to engage the local population in the fortifications’ restoration, as well as poor funding for construction work. The research focuses on the active involvement of V. I. Suvorov, the governor of the province, in the restoration of fortification objects, in particular the ...

In the Russian Federation, everyone is guaranteed the right to freely use their property and skills to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The State is taking a set of measures aimed at both stimulating the population to engage in entrepreneurship and creating the most comfortable conditions for its implementation. However, providing entrepreneurs with ample opportunities to accomplish their intentions, unfortunately, not only gave rise to such a phenomenon ...