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The analysis of R. L. Stevenson's story "Markheim" shows an essential role of Christmas motifs in the semantic space of the work. There are various forms of expressing this motif in the key moments of the plot. The value space of the main character is connected to the Christian values inherent in Christ-mas motifs, and the story line develops along the rules of a Christmas story. 1. Амелина Е. Е. Феномен двойничества в новеллах Р. Л. Стивенсона «Марк­хейм» и «Странная история доктора...

This article examines the terms used to denote the category of persons with mental and physical impairments in the legal, psychological, and pedagogical literature. The author addresses the impact of the uses of these terms on the public perception of this social category. An attempt is made to classify the notions relating to persons with mental and physical defects in accordance with the conceptual – medical and social – models of disability:. 1. Выготский Л. С. Основы дефектологии. М., 1983....

This article considers the ‘Faustian motif’ in Pushkin’s life and work. The problem of the ‘Faust zone’ in history is emphasised in the context of compari-son of different ideological and poetic interpretations of the Faustian archetype in the works of Goethe and Pushkin. It is concluded that Pushkin’s poetic ge-nius is Christian in its essence and related to the key characteristics of the Rus¬sian national identity. 1. Гёте И. В. Фауст // Гёте В. Собрание соч. : в 10 т. М., 1976. Т. 2. 2. Достоевский...

This article deals with the key concepts of Pierre Bourdieu’s literary domain theory as applied to post-1989 German literature. The major extra-literary factors that affected fictional discourse after the Unification of Germany are described. Special attention is paid to the inter-discursive nature of contemporary literary landscape. 1. Emmerich E. Das literarische Feld Deutschland — 15 Jahre nach der Wende //Revista de Filología Alemana. 2006. Vol. 14. S. 113—130. 2. Greiner U. Die deutsche Gesinnungsästhetik...

Based on Mstislav the Great’s Aprakos, the authors consider the functioning of linguistic units expressing the meaning of situational modality (possibility, desirability, necessity). The article establishes a semantic correlation between the use of these explicators and the fundamental moral and ethical postulates of Christianity. 1. Баталина К. Е. Абстрактные имена существительные и категории сакрального текста как средства экспликации концептов христианской картины мира в евангельских чтениях:...

This article considers the features of the manifestation of B. Pasternak’s mythologism in his early cycle “Romanovka” (included in the book My Sister, Life). The author emphasises the Christian nature of the poet’s interpretation of the war and revolution period of 1917. Special attention is paid to the means of the implementation of the author’s idea of the Fall, punishment, and atonement in Russia at that historical moment. The article stresses the role of Biblical allusions in the literary structure...

The hagiographical image of Svyatopolk is analysed as one determined by Christian anthropology. The author asserts that Svyatopolk performs an evil deed neither due to predestination, nor under the influence of fatal circumstances, but of his own free will. Svyatopolk embodies the model of a person of string will, which is opposed to the will of God and leads the character to captivity of the devil. 1. Сказание о Борисе и Глебе // Библиотека литературы Древней Руси : в 20 т.СПб, 1997. Т. 1 : XI...

The article considers the 20th century Russian history and the spiritual state of the society as the main subjects of the book. The author outlines the connection between the icon and the ancient and contemporary history of Russia, arguing that its function is to bring the mind of a Russian back to the Christian tradition. 1.  Солоухин В.   А . Собр. соч.: в 5 т. М., 2006. Т. 3. 2.  Запевалов В.   Н . Солоухин В.   А. // Русские писатели ХХ века: биографиче­ский словарь: в 2 т. / под ред. Н.  ...

The article focuses upon lexical manifestations of the axiological aspect of the category of ‘the everyday’ in the English language. 1.  Бархатова О.   Н. Западноевропейская средневековая христианская картина мира. Благовещенск, 2000. 2.  Безгин В.   Б. Традиции сельской повседневности конца XIX — начала XX века: автореф. дис. … д-ра ист. наук. М., 2006. 3.  Великие старцы двадцатого столетия. М., 2008. 4.  Горин Д.   Г. Пространство и время в динамике российской цивилизации. М...

This article analyses V. A. Zhukovsky’s images of ideal space in the context of Christian notions of paradise. 1.  Христианство: энциклопедический словарь: в 3 т. М., 1995. 2.  Христианство: словарь. М., 1994. 3.  Жуковский В.   А . Соч.: в 3 т. М., 1980. Т. 1. 4.  Даль В.   И . Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка: в 4 т. М., 2001. 5.  Рядчикова Е.   Н ., Скворцова И.   А . Субъективация и психологизм цветообо­значений в языке поэзии // Языковая структура и социальная среда: межвуз. сб...

Through analysing the materials of he Wort und Wahrheit magazine of 1946, the author addresses the ways of interdisciplinary interaction in literary periodicals of post-war Austria. 1.  Bense M. Ptolemäer und Mauretanier oder die theologische Emigration der deutschen Literatur. Köln; B., 1950. 2.  Buck Th . Zu Georg Trakl Gedicht «Menschheit» // Austriaca. 2008. №   32—33. 3.  Honegger J.   B. Das Phänomen der Angst bei Franz Kafka. B., 1975. 4.  Janouch G. Gespräche...

For Russian rural areas, the level of transport accessibility is increasingly a decisive factor in socio-economic development. Since this process has long been self-regulated and secondary among the tasks of regional development, today not all opportunities to improve transport accessibility in remote rural areas are fully or partially used. Taking into account the specific nature of the settlement pattern of the region, this research topic is of certain interest for the Kaliningrad Region to be...

The challenges of regional strategic development planning for contempo­rary Russia are of major socio-economic and political importance. With regard to the Kaliningrad region since when it was established, the problem of choos­ing a devel­opment strategy has always been and remained an urgent issue. Especially sharply, it arose with a change in the geopolitical position of the re­gion after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Baltic economic area. Ex­clavity is the most important geopolitical...

The article evaluates the achievements of Russia’s pre-revolutionary civil law as the basis for the civil law of today. The basic elements of the Russian system of civil law are unique in their character. The authors argue that there is a certain correlation between the legal position of the state in the prerevolutionary Russia and Russia of today. The article ends with a conclusion It is necessary to develop a new conception of the participation of the state in civil relations. 1. Haß S. Die Urteile...

This paper focuses on the status of shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises under international maritime security regimes. The author analyses amendments to SOLAS 74/78 convention, including the ISPS Code, which were adopted in December 2002 in the aftermath of September 11 attacks. Although the shipbuilding industry requires heightened security, the reasonability of equating shipyards with port facilities remains a matter of consideration by the contracting government. 1. Анянова Е. С. Роль Международной...

This article focuses on the key aspects of the rhetorical approach developed by Christopher Tindale and emphasizes its significance for modern theory of argumentation. The article examines the historical background of the rhetorical turn and its relation to informal logic and pragma-dialectics. The author argues that it is justified to consider different approaches to argumentation as complementary. 1. Blair J. A. Tindale’s Acts of arguing: A rhetorical model of argument // Informal Logic. 2000...

This article argues that the globalisation of markets and the transition to the information society requires the management of modern organisations to develop new solutions and approaches to management. The development of network society suggests a transition to management in the conditions of growing market turbulence and interdependence of market actors. Therefore, the ability of managers to align the diverse interests of stakeholders — groups, organizations, and individuals that affect or may...

This article considers the common and the unique in the views and beliefs of A. I. Herzen (1812—1870) and Christian — both Russian and Western — conservatives. The author emphasizes that the attraction and repulsion between the freedom-loving supporter of revolutionary changes, Herzen, and sincere advocates of spiritual freedom — free conservatives — were only natural. 1. Володин А. И. Герцен и Запад // Литературное наследство: Герцен и Запад. М., 1985. 2. Герцен А. И. Былое и думы. Минск, 1971...

This article considers the literary career of the famous East Prussian poet Simon Dach in connection with the history of Koenigsberg University. With the support of the ruling house of the Electorate of Branderburg and Prussia, Dach managed to obtain the position of a professor of poetry at the university, with which both his work and life are closely connected. One of Dach’s university works is the poetic composition “Prussiarchus” dedicated to the centenary of Albertina (1644). This work is a poetical-allegorical...

The practice of managing large urban agglomerations in the status of metropolitan areas is underrepresented in modern Russian conditions. Spatial planning documents concerning agglomerations usually do not reflect the realities and relations within these formations, which have de facto existed for a long time. Moreover, the experience in managing such forms of settlement is accumulated abroad, where active reorganization of the management system is regularly taking place, the paradigms and principles...

Evaluation of liver volume is of great importance in the management of certain liver diseases and systemic disorders involving the liver. With the development of innovative technologies for the partial liver resection and transplantation lifetime assessment of liver volume is of great interest. The volume of the liver is a sensitive indicator for ectopic fat deposition and metabolic syndrome in obesity. Manual assessment of liver volume using percussion and palpation methods has disadvantages associated...

The submerged (ancient) wave-cut cliffs have been mapped as a result of seabed exploration using the side-scan sonar, echo-sounding and grain-size analysis methods in the area of Cape Taran; they have been classified according to the morphological features; a detailed electronic lithological map has been drawn. The authors analyse the correlation between bottom currents and meteorological conditions. The sediment trend analysis based on statistical parameters of grain size distribution helped identify...

This article considers the species composition of the opportunistic pathogenic microbial flora and offers a correlation analysis of the seasonal dynamics of the gram-negative microflora in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) and the water and soil of the Russian part of the Vistula Lagoon. The authors determine the epizootic bacteria species pathogenic for the eel. The seasonal dynamics of species diversity of bacteria in the eel's microflora helps to determine how bacteria penetrate the organism...

This article is devoted to the issues of cross-border cooperation carried out by agents resident in the Pomeranian and Warmian-Masurian voivodeships. Among such agents there are non-governmental organizations. This article aims to identify the role of NGOs in cross-border cooperation and the predominant fields of their cooperation, as well as to assess their activity in attracting funding from European budgets. The article widely applies the results of surveys of NGOs conducted by the author, compares...

Marine spatial planning has been widely applied in the leading maritime countries. However, it is not so common in Russia, since the relevant legal framework is largely absent. Spatial planning shares a number of features with marine planning, especially when it comes to the tools, principles, and methods. The differences mainly concern characteristics of the planning object; principles of delineating the borders of territories and water areas; and the authorities responsible for regulation. The...

This article addresses the problem of definition and identification of clusters as localized mesoeconomic systems with fuzzy boundaries that stimulate the development of these systems. The author analyses the influence of the inductive approach to the formation of cluster theory and juxtaposes different typologies of clusters and other types of localized economic systems. The article offers an overview of the existing methodological approaches to the problem of cluster identification and emphasises...

This article analyses the reasons behind the restoration of diplomatic relations between Russia and Germany after World War I, as well as the fundamental differences in the performance of Russian imperial and Soviet consular missions in East Prussia. On the basis of the earlier unknown documents from the Central Russian archives and the Political archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Germany, the author describes the establishment of the Soviet Consulate in Königsberg in 1923 and the contribution...

This paper contains test results revealing norm and stress reactions of various life-form plants: trees — Betula pendula Roth, Tilia platyphyllos Scop., Pinus sylvetris L; water-plant -Galium palustre L.; grass — Solidago Canadensis; cereal — Secale cereal L. Collection and processing of the material was made in the area of Berlin/Brandenburg, Germany. Clark sensor-based method made it possible to determine the amount and rate of the oxygen evolution by plants in the dark and light phase. Under the...

Educational co-operation is one of the main aspects of the regional political agenda in the Baltic Sea Region. The article analyzes the political impact of the organizations, as perceived by the universities in the region and political decision-makers on national and regional levels. Based on the success of the OECD in becoming an influential actor in educational policies, this article discusses different strategies for the regional political organizations to enhance their influence. 1.  Aaviksoo...

This article is devoted to the “Northern Dimension” initiative of the EU which also includes North-West Russia, Norway and Iceland. It is noted that the “Northern Dimension” in the theoretical perspective can be considered as part of strategic multi-level interactions between member-states of the EU and Russia. On this basis, the authors analyze implications and effects of the strategic interdependence of all the EU-Russia relation levels. 1.      Бусыгина И. Асимметричная интеграция в Евросоюзе...