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This article considers the origin, development, change in the status, and extinction of enclave and exclave formations in the territory of the modern Kaliningrad region. The author offers information on their socio-economic and political features. The article identifies enclave (exclave) problems peculiar to them, including the land access (passenger and cargo transit) of the metropolis to the isolated territory, as well as the issues relating to the origins of state border,...

This article offers an overview of the leading Polish research centres focusing on the political, social, and economic aspects of the Kaliningrad region. 1. Achremczyk, S. 2005. Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie, № 3. 2. Baryła, T. 2000. Polska w Europie, N 34. 3. Baryła, T., Hojszyk, W., Wojnowsk,i E. 2004. Obwód Kaliningradzki Federacji ...

... East Prussia was ceded to the Soviet Union after the defeat of Nazi Germany. As a result, the local toponymy changed completely. The author analyses the documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archives of Socio- Political History, and the State Archive of the Kaliningrad Region to trace the Russianisation of German toponyms. The decision to establish workers’ settlements in the Kaliningrad region was discussed in September 1946 — July 1947. Local authorities ...

In each historical period, regional models of agricultural practices are affected by a combination of natural, political, and economic factors. Such models incorporate indicators of changes in the cultivated land area, land structure, and the intensity of agricultural practices. At early stages, the evolution of a model is affected by natural conditions. Later,...

... through Lithuania, the militarization of the region, and threats of a maritime blockade. It examines the evolution of policies pursued by the Baltic states aimed at isolating the region, as well as Russia’s response measures, including military and political actions. Particular attention is paid to the region’s economic adaptation, including the development of maritime transport, energy security, and the search for new logistics routes under the impact of sanctions. The growing importance of the ...

... understood as the required level of security in the current mode of functioning of the territorial system in terms of its openness or closeness. These regions, especially ones located along the northwestern borders, geo-strategically gain more military and political importance for Russia’s national security. Thus, changing boundaries of the border regions’ economic security require theoretical understanding and development of measures to ensure it. A socio-geographical approach to addressing this issue ...

In the context of modern globalization processes, the volume of population involved in international educational migration is growing increasingly intensive, and its results are having a more noticeable impact on socio-political and socio-economic processes. This article examines international educational migration as a source of potential labor resources for the country’s economy and as an indicator for assessing geopolitical and geoeconomic processes. Current trends in international educational...

... Kaliningrad, pp. 99—112 (in Russ.). Light, D., 2014. Tourism and toponymy: commodifying and consuming place names. Tourism Geographies, 16 (1). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/pub lication/262579781_Tourism_and_toponymy_commodifying_and_consuming_place ... ... and Malenova, E. D., 2015. Image of a Region: Theoretical Aspect (Russian and Foreign experience). Politicheskaya lingvistika [Political Linguistics], 2, pp. 199—205 (in Russ.). Tuan, Y.-F., 1999. Language and the Making of Place: A Narrative-Descriptive ...

... Scientists in the Digital Age. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Ash, J., Kitchin, R. and Leszczynski, A. eds., 2019. Digital Geographies. London: SAGE Publications. Athique, A., 2013. Digital Media and Society: An Introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press.... ... University of Minnesota Press. Gorham, M. S., Lunde, I. and Paulsen, M. eds., 2014. Digital Russia. The language, culture and politics of new media communication. London: Routledge. Gottlieb, B., 2018. Digital Materialism. Origins, Philosophies, Prospects....

... Charlottesville, London. Kamberelis, G. and Wehunt, M. D., 2012. Hybrid discourse practice and science learning. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 7(3), pp. 505—534. Kochnitzky, L., 1921. Fiume et son Prophète. Le Flambeau, 1. Kramer, A., 2018. Geographies of Futurism: Mapping the First Avant-Garde. In: J. London, ed. One Hundred Years of Futurism: Aesthetics, Politics, and Performance. Bris­tol & Chicago. pp. 49—78. Kress, G. and Leeuwen, Th. van., 2001. Multimodal Discourse: The Modes and Media of Contemporary Communication. Oxford. Ledeen, M., 1977. The first Duce, D’Annunzio at Fiume. Johns Hopkins ...

... local history. The ‘History of West Russia: The Kaliningrad Region’, a secondary school discipline taught since 2006, presents an interesting case. The subject of the Kaliningrad regional history has no single definition since it is a matter of politics rather than historiography. The inability to produce such a definition stems from the uniqueness of the region’s geographical position and history. The region’s history was used extensively in the Soviet time for political and ideological ...

... developed strategies were based on export and / or import-substitution, proceeding from the advan­tageous geographical position in the coastal zone and the region’s proximity to economically developed countries and Russian regions. Deterioration of polit­ical relations and the weakening of socio-economic ties between Russia and the West diminished chances of implementing this type of strategy. However, the Greater Eurasia project opens up new perspectives for the Kaliningrad region. The new development ...

The article analyses the behaviour of the participants of the world gold market. Special attention is paid to the London gold fixing and its replacement by the London electronic auction in an attempt to establish the benchmark price of gold under the influence of short-term geopolitical impulses. The au­thor puts forward a hypothesis that different impulses of geopolitical process­es, their frequency and the level of manifestation influence differently the dy­namics of the world gold market. These...

... factors and the region’s cultural and historical potential. Another focus is the present status of tourism infrastructure and availability of human resources in the tourism industry. Special attention is paid to the influence of present economic and political conditions on the development of international tourism. It is concluded that there is a need for a further study of the influence of regional features on international tourism development. 1. Об утверждении Концепции ...

... Lynn E. An Ongoing Experiment: State Councils, the Humanities, and the American Public [2013]. URL: https://www.kettering.org/sites/default/files/product-downloads/An-Ongoing-Experiment1.pdf (дата обращения: 22.03.2016). 31. Mirabal N. R. Geographies of Displacement: Latina/os, Oral History, and The Politics of Gentrification in San Francisco's Mission District // The Public Historian. 2009. № 2. P. 7—31. 32. Opp J. Public history and fragments of place // Rethinking History: The Journal of Theory and Practice. 2011. № 2. Р. 241—267. 33....

... geography of Russia. Based on the eLibrary database, the scientific potential of Kaliningrad, and, above all, IKBFU is considered. IKBFU concentrates many economic geographers of the region (4 professors and 13 PhDs in the field of “Economic, social, political and recreational geography”). The article assesses the publication activity of university scientists using some scientometric indicators and presents the main directions of research conducted in 2018—2021. A list of the main projects carried ...

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required adjustments in the region’s socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic ...

... Республики Польша и Калининградская область Российской Федерации: политические проблемы в процессе межрегионального сотрудничества // Youth World Politic.2016. № 2. С. 3—9. 10. Михайлова А. А. Инновационная инфраструктура Калининградской области: особенности и барьеры развития // Инновационное ...

... regionalnych: aspekty społeczne, ekonomiczne i przyrodnicze / red. S. Ciok, P. Migoń. Wrocław, 2010. S. 361—372. 35. Pyć D. Supraregion Morza Bałtyckiego // Regiony / red. Z. Brodecki. Warszawa, 2005. S. 338—350. 36. The Baltic Sea Region. Cultures, Politics, Societies / ed. by W. Maciejewski. Uppsala, 2002. 37. Williams L.-K. The Baltic Sea Region: Forms and Functions of Regional Cooperation // BaltSeaNet Working Papers, Gdańsk — Berlin. Berlin, 2001.

... (43). P. 107—136. 4. Catudal H. M. The Exclave Problem of Western Europe. Tuscaloosa, 1979. 5. Reid S. Canada Remapped: how the partition Quebec will reshape the nation. Vancouver, 1992. 6. Smith B. The Cognitive Geometry of War // Current Issues in Political Philosophy. Vienna, 1997. P. 394—403. 7. Whyte B. Waiting for the Esquimo: an historical and documentary study of the Cooch Behar enclaves of India and Bangladesh : PhD thesis // Research Paper. № 8. School of Anthropology, Geography and ...

The article examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and international enclaves. Another focus is the evolution of both territories ...

... spatial development in the 1970s and 1980s // Industrial Change and Regional Development / ed. by G. Benko, M. Dunford. L., 1991. P. 85—101. 53. Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T. The governance of global value chains // Review of International Political Economy. 2005. № 12(1). P. 78—104. 54. Gertler M. S. Being there — proximity, organization, and culture in the development and adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies // Economic Geography. 1995. № 71(1). P. 1—26. 55. Granovetter ...

The article analyses the concept of 'special' socio-economic regions, i. e. those characterised by a special position in their relation to the political, economic and legal spaces of the home country and (or) neighbouring countries and, in some cases, by a special geographic position. The author offers two typologies of 'special' regions. 1.      Зверев Ю.   М. Калининградская ...