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Cross-border cooperation between administrative and municipal districts enlarges fast in the Baltic Sea macroregion. Intensification of Russian regions’ participation in such cooperation as well as formation of trans-border socio-economic systems may shift their development to the innovative type.

This article focuses on the factors having influenced the formation of the conscious attitude to the past of the Kaliningrad region in the local residents. The author shows that a special regional identity, which developed in the interaction with the unique cultural environment, requires a public discussion as decisions concerning the transfer of the ownership of cultural and historical objects to a religious organisation are made.

This article analyses the sources and mechanisms of economic self-development of coastal border territories. The example of the Kaliningrad region proves that the main internal catalyst of regional economic development is entrepreneurship functioning on the basis of genetic-cultural determination. The author comes to the conclusion that an efficient regional economic policy aimed at the increase in the region’s competitiveness should rest, first of all, on the development of intellectual capital...

In Rome, libraries played the role of cultural centres and were closely linked with publishing. The latter was a subject of correspondence between Pliny the Younger and Suetonius. The way to the birth of a book is complicated: writing, recitation, reference-review, and proofreading. Donation was one of the ways to build up library collections. The copyright was not known to Rome. A book was treated as an intellectual value. Pliny the Younger became the founder of a society of devotees of certain...

This article analyses Kant's anthropological ideas, his interpretation of affections and passions of human soul. It is claimed that everything that is inconsistent with reason, including passions and affections, should play a secondary, subordinate role in religion. Religious conflicts should be resolved through an appeal to universal moral values and the decrease in the pressure of religion ideology components that are not directly related to morality. 1.      Кант И. Антропология с прагматической...

This article analyses the conservative retrospective utopia, the main elements of which were autocracy, Orthodoxy, the principle of hierarchy, the supremacy of the rural way of life over the urban one, and the programme of national upbringing. 1. Шишков А.   С. Рассуждение о старом и новом слоге Российского языка // Собрание сочинений и переводов. СПб., 1824. Ч. 2. 2. Киселева Л.   Н. Система взглядов С.   Н. Глинки (1807—1812 гг.) // Ученые записки Тартуского университета. 1981. Вып. 513...

This article analyses the interrelation between general will and democracy in the philosophical systems of J.-J. Rousseau and I. Kant, their influence on the concept of general will, and its connection with democracy in the philosophy of S. Gessen. The author compares the classical system of division of powers, supported by J.-J.Rousseau and I. Kant, and the new system proposed by S. Gessen. 1.      Гессен С.   И. Идея нации // Избр. соч. М., 1998. 2.      Его же. Политическая свобода и социализм...

This article deals with the profound changes in the political, social and economic spheres in the USSR that resulted from the growth of oppositional attitudes and banditism in the country. These circumstances led to the necessity to increase the efficiency of the State Political Directorate. 1. Центральный архив Федеральной службы безопасности Российской Фе­дерации (далее — ЦА ФСБ РФ). Ф. 1. Оп. 6. Д. 256. 2. Даль В.   И. Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка. СПб., 1863. Т. 1. 3...

This article considers the problems of cult reality development. The author believes that cult is an inversion system of interaction of the cult object and cult consciousness. Inversion in cult reality is a process of special decoding of intersubjective reality, in which cult status serve as both a structure and a function of reality. 1. Schutz A. The Phenomenology of Social World. London , 1972. 2.  Выготский Л.   С. Развитие высших психических функций. М., 1960. 3. Бергер П., Лукман Т. Социальное...

This article analyses the problems of the influence of family, mass media, and school on the process of individual legal socialisation. Special attention is paid to their controversial and disruptive influence on legal awareness in the conditions of the disagreement and low efficiency of social norms. 1.  Арутюнян М., Здравомыслова О., Курильски-Ожвэн Ш . Образ и опыт права: правовая социализация в изменяющейся России. М., 2008. 2.  Бабосов Е.   М . Катастрофа как объект социологического анализа...

This article addresses the problem of the realisation of political interests in the Russian Federation in the context of political diversity stipulated in the Constitution. The author distinguishes the social groups of political process actors, analyses their current state, and formulates the problems and possibilities of the realisation of their political interests. 1. Абдулатипов Р.   Г., Болтенкова Л.   Ф., Яров Ю.   Ф. Федерализм в истории Рос­сии: в 3 кн. М., 1992. Кн. 1. 2. Барабанов М.  ...

This article deals with political extremism as a sociopolitical phenomenon and analyses the components of this wide-spread phenomenon in modern Russia. The author examines the crimnalistic description of political extremism. 1. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen. Berlin , 1989. 2. Советский энциклопедический словарь. М., 1981. 3. Беликов С. Политический экстремизм в молодежной среде // Материалы «круглого стола» «Молодежь и политика» в МГУ им. М.   В. Ломоносова, апрель...

This article is dedicated to the new form of governance — the open method of coordination — in the EU system of governance. This method is considered in the framework of the ‘new governance’ approach as opposed to the Community Method. The author justifies new modes of governance, offers their key characteristics and outlines their possible ways of development. 1.      Sundholm M. The open method of co-ordination: the Linux of European inte­gration? A theoretical and empirical study of the method...

This article focuses on the role of Länsipohja and Ruija in the "Greater Finland" ideology. The growing interest in the closely related peoples in the 1920s became a prerequisite for the foundation of the Academic Karelia Society (AKS). The author addresses the activity of the AKS concerning Länsipohja and Ruija. 1.  Rommi P. Snellman ja nationalismi // J.   V. Snellman ja sanomalehdistö. Kuopiossa 6. Ja 7. Helmikuuta 1981 pidetyn Snellman ja sanomalehdistö-seminaarin alustukset...

This paper examines the activity of small enterprises in the Kaliningrad region using the example of furniture industry. The author identifies the factors affecting their development in a special economic zone 1.  Малое предпринимательство в Калининградской области: стат. сб. / Тер­риториальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Ка­лининградской области. Калининград,   2005 — 2010. 2.  Мебельный рынок в России 2008 — 2010: общие показатели и прогноз. URL: http://www...

A study on the problems of social family-genetic memory may contain various mistakes made by senior respondents when recalling events of the past. The analysis of empirical data should take into account such memory-related mistakes. The interpretation of empirical data requires a special approach. 1.     Знанецкий Ф . Мемуары как объект исследования // Социс. 1989. №   1. С. 106. 2.     Дэвис Н.   З. Духи предков, родственники и потомки: некоторые черты семей­ной жизни во Франции начала нового...

This article offers an analysis of the actions of Latvian government aimed to solve the economic and social problems in the difficult period of the beginning of World War II. 1. Чубарьян А.   О . Канун трагедии: Сталин и международный кризис: сен­тябрь 1939 — июнь 1941 года. М., 2008. 2. АВП РФ. Ф. 210. 3. Полпреды сообщают… Сборник документов об отношениях СССР с Латви­ей, Литвой и Эстонией: август 1939 — август 1940 гг. М, 1990.

This article focuses on the issues of asymmetric regional development in Russia, which manifests itself in the considerable disparity between the productivity of regional economies. The research on the correlation between gross regional product and per capita taxable capacity in the constituents of RF conducted in 2000 and 2007 revealed the disproportions of both objective economic parameters and redistribution relations in the framework of interbudget relations system. The analysis conducted allows...

This article is dedicated to the topical issues of socially responsible information management in the communication media of Russian media space. The author considers the role of management sociology in the formation of Russian media space. 1. Бергер П., Лукман Т. Социальное конструирование реальности. М., 1995. 2. Бузин В.   Н. Медиапланирование как метод управления информационны­ми потоками в средствах массовой коммуникации // Социология власти. 2008. №   5. С. 114—127. 3. Бузин В....

Thus article is devoted to the conceptual framework of district division as a tool of reducing regional disparities. The author emphasizes the importance of studying the category of "vertically-integrated federalism" in Russian conditions. 1.  Смирнова Л.   В. Технологии ресурсной типологизации в управлении эко­номикой регионов (на примере Калининградской области): дис. … канд. экон. наук: Калининград, 2005. 2.  Независимый институт социальной политики. Тематические обзоры: со­циальный...

This article considers the right of consumers to knowledge regarding their rights and their protection and information about goods (works, services) and their quality, requirements for such information, and responsibility for the violation of these requirements both at the legislative and judicial levels. 1.  О защите прав потребителей [Электронный ресурс]: закон РФ от 07.02.1992 г. №   2300—1. Доступ из СПС «КонсультантПлюс». 2.  Управление Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере...

This article considers the connection between the phenomenon of philosophical education and the problem of rationality in the framework of socialphilosophical discourse. The author examines the process of development of philosophical education institution as a means to transmit the basic values of classical European rationality. The role of philosophical education in the resolution of civilization crisis is analyzed in the context of system approach. 1.  Йегер В. Воспитание античного грека. М....

This article considers the category of economic consciousness as a key category of social philosophy. The consumer consciousness is distinguished as one of the main levels of economic consciousness. In a consumer society, the economic consciousness is manifested in such characteristics as pluralism, В uncertainty, fragmentariness, variability, contextuality and orientation to excessive consumption, commodification and sanctification of consumption and consumer goods. The fragmentation of consciousness...

This article sets out to justify the updated author’s version of periodization of history of justice of the peace in Russia. The periodization includes four stages covering a time span from the 12th century to the present, is based on unified criteria, and rectifies the existing terminology and chronology. Each stage is a period of time embracing, on the one hand, a combination of political, social, and legal conditions of the development of justice of the peace and, on the other hand, the system...

This article considers the history of establishment of first Tolstoyan colonies in England, the inner life of those colonies and the relationship between Russian emigrants and English colonists. 1.   Alston C . Tolstoy ' s Guiding Light . URL : http :// www . historytoday . com / charlotte - alston / tolstoysguiding - light (дата обращения: 12.12.2010). 2.  Hardy D. Utopian England: Community Experiments, 1900—1945. L., 2000. 3.  Utopia Britannica. British Utopian Experiments 1325—1945...

This article considers two approaches to studying social phenomena — the naturalistic approach, which was formed within the natural scientific tradition, and the action-oriented approach, which was developed by the Russian methodological school. The author assesses the role of organization and system categories in the framework of these approaches as well as their applicability in finding the alternatives of institutional transformations of Russian economy. 1.  Нуреев Р.   М. Экономика развития:...

The analysis of existing rule of International humanitarian law governing the cases of use of human shields by the parties of armed conflict justifies the conclusion that these persons are a sui generis case and should be regarded as an exception to a number of general rules. As a result, they should not be classified as taking a direct part in hostilities and must be treated according to the principle of proportionality provided that the permissible level of excessiveness of collateral damage can...

The increase in the efficiency of migration processes control in Russia, in particular, in order to ensure reasonable engagement of international workforce requires a clear and intelligible scheme outlining the needs of Russian regions for additional inflow of migrant workers. It is necessary to take into account both the contemporary socioeconomic situation in the regions and their prospective opportunities for accelerated transition to innovative development. The article offers a system of indices...

The article examines the theoretical and methodological problems of forecasting regional development. The author presents a concept of improving regional forecast preparation. The implementation of the concept will facilitate the increase in quality of forecast studies. 1.  Методические рекомендации к разработке долгосрочных прогнозов пока­зате­лей социально-экономического развития субъектов Российской Федерации / Мини­стерство экономического развития и торговли Российской Федерации. М., 2007....

Municipalities of the Kaliningrad region are increasingly differentiated in the pace and nature of their socio-economic development in the paradigm of the center-peripheral model. The economic center and the coastal zone bordering on it are increasingly pulling together economic and human resources, increasing the risks of sustainable functioning of the eastern peripheral municipalities. This also applies to the entrepreneurial activity of the population, expressed in the number of operating SMEs...

Widespread introduction of digital technologies into human life has resulted in the accumulation of huge amounts of digital data that enables quantitative assessment of various social processes. This article uses data on Internet search user queries in the border region, namely the Kaliningrad region of Russia, to assess the interest of its inhabitants in establishing local cross-border links with the border regions of Poland and Lithuania. The data source is the Yandex. Wordstat open service, which...

The patterns of development and distribution of production, including agricultural production, common to the country, are also characteristic of the exclave Kaliningrad region. However, spatial isolation from other Russian regions causes, firstly, a greater dependence on external geoeconomic and geopolitical factors and, secondly, a clearer manifestation of the patterns of spatial differentiation in the economy. Research methods are based on the spatio-temporal analysis of statistical data, using...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant public health problem due to its widespread prevalence. It becomes a medical and social burden for both society and the patient. To what extent comorbid alcoholism is able to influence the features of the clinical course of COPD remains an open issue. The study aimed to reveal the impact of alcoholism on the level of COPD subjective symptoms in patients with different compliance. Materials and methods. 147 men with COPD in the age of 40―88...

Being in close proximity to the local community and its needs, a modern rural library in the Russian space is designed to be not only a center for users to access information, but also a place of education, cultural and intellectual activities, adaptation of residents to rapidly changing political, socio-economic, and psychological conditions. The rural library should act as an institution of socialization through developing a system of traditional values and pre­serving local culture, positioning...

The development of territories at the micro level is a topical research issue due to emerging trends in the development of small towns and districts. So, on the territory of the Kaliningrad region, several micro-districts are distinguished (according to socio-economic zoning), including the territory of the south-east, i. e., Gusev, Nesterov, Ozersk and Chernyakhovsk municipalities. The southeastern territory of the region is interesting for polarization processes and the spatial structure of the...

The innovation development dynamics of coastal regions is under the growing influence of the agglomeration factor and the coastalization factor, which results in polarizing the innovation space around large cities and urban agglomerations in the coastal zone. Coastal agglomerations act as drivers for regional development, concentrating a significant part of the population, eco­nomic entities, scientific, technological, and financial infrastructure, drawing resources from other municipalities. This...

Rural settlement in Russia and its dynamics are subject to the general laws of spatial development of the economy and demography, the most im­portant of which is polarization. At the same time, regional settlement sys­tems differ greately due to both physical and economic geographical factors, which may show some discrepencies because of the vast country's territory. These differences are taken into account in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation, but require further study through...

In the late XX — early XXI centuries, the growth of marine activity is one of the most obvious and significant global trends. The multidimensional "turn" to the Sea is fully inherent in modern Russia. The article attempts to comprehend and conceptualize the effects of the spatial concentration of the national "marine" economy, as well as its complex formation and clusteriza­tion in the framework of the conceptual development of the "strongholds of coastal borderlands"...

As part of the study, the authors have considered the Interreg Programme as a tool for the cross-border cooperation development. The projects granted from «Russia — Lithuania» Interreg Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Pro­gramme 2014—2020 and «Poland — Russia» Interreg CBC Programme 2014—2020 have been the research subjects. The authors have identified the most active actors of cross-border cooperation from the Kaliningrad region and the border regions of Lithuania and Poland and have compared the...

In the Kaliningrad region, as well as in other regions of Russia, the cen­ter-peripheral model of economic development directly affects the transfor­mation of the regional settlement system. Over the past 10 years, the dynam­ics of the population in rural settlements of the region has been determined by agglomeration and transport-geographical factors. The analysis of changes in the population of 1,068 settlements in the region (excluding cities and urban-type settlements) and their transport and...

The coastal area of Russia is a dynamically developing region of the coun­try, the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of which has grown significant­ly in recent decades due to changes in the external conditions of development. The differences in the socio-economic development of the coastal area of Russia are reflected in the numerous gradients of the migration situation, the study of which determines the purpose of this article. The study relies on typology, statis­tical and general scientific...

The article focuses on the neuropsychology of hearing and the impact of learning on the development of musical ear in various musical fields. The goal is to determine whether there is a difference in the development of tone and interval sound perception among musicians in different areas of study. Zero hypothesis (H0): The lack of dependence of the perception accuracy of sounds and intervals (absolute and relative musical ear) on the field of mu­sical training. Alternative hypothesis (H1): The accuracy...

The article focuses on territorial interests as one of the fundamental con­cepts of social geography which reveal both objective and subjective character. The primary territorial interest of the region is the efficient economic devel­opment, while losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll con­ducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and so­cial policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the popu­lation and the political elite...

Population dynamics is one of the key categories of socio-economic development of territories. Cities, as the main carriers of innovative potential, need constant influx of human resources. The purpose of this article is to identify the nature of the influence of the cities’ coastal position on the dynamics of their population by the example of the Baltic region countries. The dependence of the popultaion dynamics on the coastal location of the city is studied with the reference to the methods of...

The combination of two major economic and geographical factors — the presence of the border and access to the sea — largely determine the features of socio-economic development of the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia and, as a consequence, the migration processes here. The purpose of the article is to identify the importance of these factors for migration in the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia. The study showed that almost all the studied regions use their...

The agricultural land dynamics is one of the central issues of land use in Europe and Russia. Each historical period is characterized by its own model of agricultural land use. The analysis of its dynamics in the North-West of Rus­sia and the Baltic countries was based on the following parameters: the area of cultivated agricultural land and the rate of change, the grain yield and its dy­namics. Database analysis from 1848—52 until 2015—18 allowed to identify the stages of the agricultural land management...

The issues of employment have a certain importance while assessing the socio-economic situation throughout the country. The published statistical da­ta analysis presents a good background for comparing employment indicators of the Kaliningrad region with the national average as well as with the indica­tors of its closest neighbours among the Russian regions — the Pskov and the Smolensk regions. Despite the fact that economic and demographic situation in the Kaliningrad region is more favorable than...

Artificial electromagnetic fields are a byproduct of the electrical or elec­tronic devices as an inevitable consequence of the modern scientific and tech­nical progress, and at the same time poorly studied environmental impact fac­tor. Research of current levels and spatial distribution of electromagnetic fields in Kaliningrad aimed at mapping, defining statistically significant characteristics for types of land use and building types, revealing abnormal areas and their correspondence to hygienic...

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required adjustments in the region’s socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic zone (SEZ) strategy...

The socio-economic development of countries and world regions during recent decades has been affected by the confrontation of global and regional centres of power, their growing geoeconomic and geopolitical rivalry, accom­panied by increasing geopolitical turbulence. The article aims to substantiate the concept of geopolitical turbulence in its socio-geographical projection. Spe­cial emphasis is made on its manifestations in the territorial organization of society and its structures. The author reveals...