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The research focuses on the poorly studied process of a social system passing through a bifurcation point: birth and progress of a crisis — social collapse resulting in the disintegration of the society — recuperation via integration of a part of the disintegrated social structure into a new one. A fine example of such a process is given by the admission of a part of Rzeczpospolita (Grand Duchy of Lithuania lands) into the Russian Empire. Those events had a major impact on the ensuing historical...

The article investigates the phenomenon of rent-seeking and rent-oriented behavior in the sphere of culture and arts. The author describes the specific features of the cultural production. It is shown that, the supply of cultural goods is characterized by the different level of rarity and consists from creative production, services of the institutions of culture and art, antiques, reproductions of works of art. Given the demand the cultural goods are structured in compliance with inquiries of its...

Relying on previously unexamined archival documents and regional press materials, I consider the creation and later transformations of the histor­ical exposition at the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art. Analysis of exhibition boards dedicated to the past of the region reveals the po­litical and ideological context in which local museums developed. Moreover, it renders it possible to describe the politics of memory pursued by the local au­thorities and trace changes that took place in...

The author examines the image of the Frenchman in Russian quality journals published between the Napoleonic and Crimean wars. In many Russian journals, the emphasis was laid on creating a positive image of some social strata of French society. The author identifies the reasons for this phenomenon. The image of a ‘good Frenchman’ reveals the attitude of Russian press towards acute political and social issues of the time. 1. Бальзак О. де. Избранное / пер. с фр. Р. Резник. М., 1985. 2. Барсуков Н...

In analysing Pitirm Sorokin’s The Sociology of Revolution, future so­ciologists and political scientists assimilate revolutionary processes in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century and try to establish reasons and factors behind social shocks. Students seek to juxtapose the consideration of evolu­tionary changes with cardinal changes in the life of society and to register the existence of manipulated and spontaneous processes. In their essays, students arrive at conclusions about whether a...

The review examines a new edition of the book “Sawinkow” by a Polish researcher A. S. Kowalczyk which is devoted to a famous politician and terrorist B. V. Savinkov. It coincides with the anniversary of the Russian Revolution and the fact that one of the streets in Warsaw was named after Boris Savinkov. The book is structured chronologically and covers the entire life of Boris Savinkov. Despite the fact that the information in it is mostly correct, there is a number of inappropriate simplifications...

The review analyzes the academic monograph which examines a wide range of issues in constitutional and political history of Britain in the years 1832—1835. The reviewed book is characterized by the conceptual innovation, a sound historiographical background, thoroughness and a variety of theoretical and methodological features. 1. Аракелян Г. С. Государственная и общественно-политическая деятельность Эдварда Дерби : дис. ... канд. ист. наук. Калининград, 2018. 2. Клочков В. В. Кризис партии тори...

The migration processes on the so-called Recovered territories, trans­ferred from Germany to Poland after the Second World War, are analyzed in documents and recent research. The author identifies the main migration waves that came in the first post-war years, gives a social description of the main groups of migrants and local Polish-speaking residents, shows the con­tradictions and conflicts between them and analyzes the difficulties encoun­tered in the process of their integration. The article...

The uniqueness of a territorial socio-economic system lies in the specific features of spatial networking of economic entities that form clusters of excellence and ensure the competitiveness of the entire system. Identifying the key elements of territorial capital is a global challenge faced by modern regional policy. I analyse the background for, and limits to, the development of a spatially targeted regional development policy. Lithuania’s so-called valleys – integrated centres for research and...

In February 2007 Russia’s President Vladimir Putin made a speech at the Munich conference on security. In his speech, Vladimir Putin criticized the dominance policy pursued by the USA and its allies and spoke about the need to form a new system of world order based on partnership and good neighbourly relations between countries. Only these relations can ensure security and prosperity for the whole world. Unfortunately, Western leaders failed to respond to Vladimir Putin’s proposal and continued to...

In this article, we consider the historical aspects of the 1807—1813 situation in East Prussia and describe current Russian and international historiography of the 1813—1814 Foreign Campaign of the Russian Army and of the Russian-Prussian alliance against Napoleonic France. We conclude that East Prussia played a central role in the political, military, and diplomatic struggle between France andкяч Russia. 1. Внешняя политика России XIX и начала XX века. Сер. 1. Т. 4. М., 1965. 2. Внешняя политика...

The book review analyses the institutional project research methodology. The proposed methodology is based on the use of systemic analysis and deci­sion-making theory. A modern approach to the study of an institutional pro­ject and an invest­ment project as complex systems under uncertainty condi­tions has been used. Their comprehensive assessment is considered in many aspects: political, economic, social, military-strategic and generalizing institu­tional. 1. Итоговый доклад о результатах работы...

The article justifies the need to clarify the true content of such a fundamental legal category as the “form of government”, since, so far, neither scientifically nor at the practical level, there hasn’t been given any unambiguous interpretation. The authors point to one of the typical conceptual errors in elucidating the content of this category, admitted by some legal theorists: the essence of the “form of government of the presidential republic” concept is interpreted with descriptors of a political...

This study aims to explore the relationship between credit institutions and the Bank of Russia in implementing the national monetary policy. Anoth­er aim is to iden­tify the goals and objectives of the national monetary policy, as well as the means and ways to attain them. The methodology relies on both general scien­tific principles (the ontological principle, the unity of the histori­cal and the logical, the formal legal and comparative legal approaches) and domain-specific approaches. This research...

The article examines the main approaches to the study of nationalism. The author describes characteristic features of conceptual trends, reveals their strengths and weaknesses. The article shows that in political science there is no single self-sufficient theory that could become an instrument for studying various manifestations of nationalism. 1. Абдулатипов Р. Г. Российская нация. Этнонациональная и гражданская идентичность россиян в современных условиях. М., 2005. 2. Андерсон Б. Воображаемые...

The aim of this research work is to analyze the results of the import substitution policy of an exclave territory. The objectives of this research include the analysis of the development of agriculture in the exclave region, the evaluation of the food security level, the assessment of import substitution and its influence on the development of agriculture. The subject of this study is the policy of import substitution of the Kaliningrad region. The object of this research is the agricultural sector...

The article analyzes the administrative control over the elections to the State Duma of the third convocation of the Russian Empire in the Northwestern provinces. The local and central administration employed a wide variety of methods. The electoral legislation was radically changed (the provision on elections to the State Duma of June 3, 1907); the government removed unreliable candidates, supported loyalists, instructed officials of all levels, and organized campaigns in the press. In the Northwestern...

The article analyzes the tactics of the German government towards political parties in the early twentieth century. The central figure is Chancellor Bernhard von Bülow. The purpose of this article is to analyze the creation and functioning of the Bulow blocand the reasons for its demise. 1. Nipperdey T. Deutsche Geschichte 1866—1918. München, 1939. 2. Bachem K. Vorgeschichte, Geschichte und Politik der deutschen Zentrumspartei 1815—1914. Köln, 1968. Bd. 7. 3. Massow W. v. Die deutsche innere Politik...

Today, the world tourism market is dynamic and rapidly developing area of the world economy. International inbound tourism has a positive impact on the national and regional economies of recipient countries thus it is necessary to develop this sector in the countries and regions that have a potential to attract foreign tourists. The purpose of this article is to estimate the competitiveness of the Irkutsk region on the world tourism market based on an analysis of various factors. In particular, the...

This article examines fundamental and applied approaches to energy security. The authors explore differences and similarities in the views of scientists and politicians on the issue and analyse energy security policies pursued in Poland and Russia (the Kaliningrad region). On this basis, the authors propose rational principles for solving the problem of energy security in the region. 1. Ергин Д. Добыча: Всемирная история борьбы за нефть, деньги и власть. М., 2011. 2. Косов Ю. В., Маллон В. Глобальная...

This article focuses on the characteristics of demographic development of the Kaliningrad region during the reform, crisis, and collapse of the Soviet administrative and political system. Priority attention is given to changes in the population reproduction model. It is concluded that the main trends in the regional population development were similar to the national ones, at the same time retaining the regional age. 1. Демографическая модернизация России, 1900—2000 / под ред. А. Г. Вишневского...

The present study is devoted to the interpretation of secularity of the state and the widespread atheist politics in modern society. The author analyses the genesis of the concept, its evolution, and the main features of a secular state. The interdisciplinary approach is used for a deeper understanding of the problem. The author concludes that there is a need to distinguish secularism from secularism, and suggests ways to strengthen the national culture, including its religious aspects. 1. Понкин...

Analyzing the military and political consequences of the Great War it is essential to study the process of decision-making. Along with objective factors, various subjective factors were also important. Later subjective factors turned to be hidden from the researcher’s eye, being ignored by propaganda. However, it neither diminishes their significance, nor proves their non-existence. Basing on a few examples this author makes an attempt to reconstruct the motives and fears of several key figures of...

The article shows the development of political practices of the regional government bodies in the field of protecting the rights of citizens to the freedom of conscience and the freedom of religion. The author analyses the principles of regulating the activity of religious organizations, and monitoring their interaction with different religious confessions in the Saratov region. Special attention is paid to the emerging system of partnership between the state and religious institutions, which is...

The majority of EU member states, for which the excessive budget deficit procedure was introduced in 2009, managed to eliminate the deficit of their national budgets in September 2017. The EU started a reform of its subsidiary legislation in 2011 and introduced significant changes to the excessive budget deficit procedure. The article analyses the stages of the excessive budget deficit procedure, particularly those having new and much tougher requirements. The author describes the degree to which...

This article studies the criminogenic circumstances associated with cor-ruption and those impeding effective fight against it. In view of the extreme social danger of corruption and the considerable economic, political, and moral damage to the society, this article formulates a number of proposals primarily relating to criminal law relevant at the current stage of social development. Григорьева Е. Следствием установлено // Российская газета. 2015. 27 февр. 2. Латухина К. Президент Владимир Путин...

This article focuses on the increasing popularity of beards in Western Europe and Russia in the 1830s—1880s. The main hypotheses explaining this phenomenon in Western Europe are analysed and the Western and Russian practices compared. It is concluded that, from the mid-19th century, the beard was a symbol of national unity – the unity of peasants and the educated class in Russia, whereas it emphasised gender inequality and the exceptional status of men in the society and politics in Western Europe...

The paper analyzes the influence of modernization on social processes of different European states. On the example of desertion of the Central Power’s soldiers to Russia one comes to conclusion that changes in the manning system of European armies during the 19th century were one of the most important components of traditional society’s transformation and a vital source of new social practices. 1. Вербловский Г. О взаимной выдаче преступниковъ и дезертировъ // Юридический вестник. 1868. № 7. С....

Based on the pieces of art created in the UK to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the First World War, the article analyzes the visual images used in the national commemorative practices. Interconnection between the specifics of "English style" in the representation of the cultural memory of the Great War and deep trauma of British society as a result of the war is considered. 1. Барт Р. Camera lucida. Комментарий к фотографии / пер. М. Рыклина. М., 2011. 2. Губанов И. А., Киселёва...

The article considers the evolution of the structure and form of Eastern Slavic iconostasis as a reflection of the major social and political ideas of their creators in terms of cultural and confessional affinity. The author emphasizes the role of mutual influences during periods of ideological crises. The role of Western Russian innovations in the development of the appearance of Moscow iconostases of the late 17th century is demonstrated. 1. Архив Юго-Западной России. Киев, 1859. Ч. 1. 2. Бусева-Давыдова...

This article analyses the influence of the Varennes crisis on the balance of political forces in the National Constituent Assembly and Le Chapelier’s and other constitutionalists’ opposition to the radicals in the Assembly and in the streets in order to strengthen the position of the king and constitutional mon¬archy. 1. Блуменау С. Ф. «Ненасильственный» вариант развития французской революции // Вестник Брянского государственного университета. Сер. История. Литературоведение. Право. Языкознание...

This article focuses on various aspects of social and everyday life in Japan of Meiji period Japan that were discussed in the memoires of two prominent representatives of the Western world — Mary Crawford Fraser and Alice Mabel Bacon. They paid special attention not to the political transformations but rather to the everyday life of Japanese society. The author stresses the special interest of the travelers in the changes in European ladies that took place during the Meiji Revolution and their effect...

This article examines the origins and development of the public history movement in America. Special attention is paid to analysing ideas and approaches dominant at different stages of its development and identifying factors behind changes in major trends. It is shown that pubic history has undergone significant transformations abandoning the idea of professionalising non-academic history for that of collaborative structuring of the past by historians and the general public. 1. Махов А. С. Рой Розенцвейг:...

The transformation of constitutional legislation in post-Communist countries follows two models: "reconstruction" and "dismantling". The Czechoslovak experience of constitutional legislation transformation follows that of dismantling. One of the positive features of this model is the rapid adoption of a new constitution. Experts and politicians stress that the main drawback of the Slovakian Constitution is that it has not eliminated the gap between values and rules and the actual...

This article analyses Fedor Stepun’s idea of social Christianity. The au¬thor identifies the axiological context of the Baden School of Neo-Kantian thought in Stepun’s interpretation of Christian God. The significance of Christian politics in the philosopher’s assessment of socio-political processes is stressed. 1. Степун Ф. А. Борьба либеральной и тоталитарной демократии вокруг понятия истины // Степун Ф. А. Соч. М., 2000. С. 557—564. 2. Степун Ф. А. Бывшее и несбывшееся. СПб., 1994. 3. Степун...

This article analyses Berlin’s negative and positive interpretations of freedom and idea of value pluralism. It is concluded that pluralism of values and liberals’ negative freedom results in the problem of relativism and ‘Hobbes/Berlin dilemma’ — the dilemma between individual and collective reasons. The concepts of freedom of L. Wittgenstein’s (Hurly, Pettit) and J. Habermas are considered through the prism of these concepts. 1. Вахрушева Е. А. Что от нас ждут в зарубежных журналах? // Известия...

This article addresses the problem of development of state archive institutions in Russian in the period of developed socialism in the USSR. It is shown that, despite certain professional achievements, Russian state archives were faced with unfavourable conditions explained by the ideological and political requirements of the Soviet party and state mechanism. The issue of the inequality of the RSFSR in terms the possession and use of national documentary heritage. 1. 20 лет архивного строительства...

The paper focuses on Königsberg’s elites faced with fast changes in the 19th century. The city’s old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors – industrialists and bankers – trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the elites in the course of major economic, social, and political changes 1. Albinus R. Königsberger Lexikon. Würzburg, 2002. 2. Altpreußische Biographie / Hrsg. Ch. Krollmann. Königsberg; Marburg, 1939. T. 1. 3. Carrez M...

This article considers the events of the 1930—1940s in the Baltics. The authors analyse changes in the political systems and international priorities of the ruling elites of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The influence of domestic factors on solving the problem of independence preservation in the conditions of world war is identified. 1. Anušauskas A. Teroras ir nusikaltimai žmoniškumui. Pirmoji sovietinė okupacija. Terror and Crimes against Humanity. The First Soviet Occupation. Vilnius, 2006...

The main purpose of this article is to answer the question of the role of Kantian political philosophy for the theory of international relations. The answer is giving through the examination of the main trends in the interpretation of Kant's place in one of the major paradigms of the theory of international relations: realism, idealism, liberalism, and institutionalism. Author shows that Kant’s inclusion in a particular paradigm of international relations cannot be directly done. Otherwise, inevitably...

This paper analyses theoretical approaches to studying interorganizational networks offered in foreign economic sociology. The authors describe main conceptual problems, the key aspects of network form of interorganizational interaction, and embeddedness effects. 1. Alter C., Hage J. Organizations working together. Newbury Park, 1993. 2. Benson K. J. The Interorganizational Network as a Political Economy // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1975. Vol. 20, № 2. P. 229—249. 3. Bourdieu P. The forms...

This article is devoted to the Department of Awareness of the Don Government and its activities during the Russian Civil War. The author describes in detail the structure of the organization, it principal activities, and the reasons behind its closure. The author pays special attention to the political situation in Russia in 1919 and the importance of agitation during the disintegration of the old foundations of the state. 1. Государственный архив Российской Федерации (ГАРФ) Ф. Р-440. Оп. 1. Д....

This article explores the parallels between the Lithuanian movements for national independence in 1917—1920 and 1988—1991 as analyzed in the Anglo-American historiography of the first half of the 1990s. Such scholars as A. Lieven and other authors characterize some main similarities and differences between those movements. These scholars emphasize the ambiguity of the Soviet experience, as well as the internal conflicts within the Lithuanian political elite and demonstrate the productivity of the...

This paper explores the influence of the development processes taking place in the Russian Empire on the Baltic Fleet. Five periods of the Baltic Fleet development are identified. The Fleet is interpreted as a significant element of the state mechanism for defending national interests in peace and wartime. 1. Горшков С. Г. Морская мощь государства. М., 1976. 2. История отечественного судостроения : в 5 т. СПб., 1994. Т. 1. 3. Гистория Свейской войны (Поденная записка Петра Великого) : в 2 т. М...

This article analyses the historical prerequisites for the development of the legal framework for local self-governance in the last years of the USSR and RSFSR and the first years of the Russian Federation, as well as its role in the political system and the social life of modern Russia. The author identifies the key contradictions in power relations between public and local authorities. 1. Конституция Рос. Федерации [Электронный ресурс]. Доступ из справ.- правовой системы «КонсультантПлюс» (дата...

This article considers the human rights issues in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union in the context of formal agreements and real policy from 1994 to the beginning of 2013. The EU regards human rights as fundamental values, which serve as the basis for its foreign relations. Russia tends to consider this issue as an attempt of an ill-disposed external actor to interfere in the domestic politics of the state. 1. Программа сотрудничества ЕС-России (Тасис/ИЕСП). Официальный...

English-Russian state-to-state relations in the second half of the 19th/ beginning of the 20th century are distinguished by complex character and dramatic shifts from cooperation to confrontation and vice versa. Different circumstances and factors, including the level of trade and economic contacts, affected the condition of English-Russian relations. The author analyses the principal stages of the evolution of trade and economic contacts between Great Britain and Russia from the Crimean war to the...

This article analyzes the origins of the contemporary conflict generating Polish-Lithuanian relations. The authors consider the features of the Polonization of Lithuania and ensuing Russification in the second half of the 19th century, the problems of Polish-Russian relations during the interbellum (1918—1939) and the period of the post-war development of the two states. The authors come to a conclusion that the modern conflict between Poland and Lithuania has a historical and national basis and...