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This article analyses the major ideological campaigns of 1946—1953 on the basis of earlier unknown materials from the archival funds of Kaliningrad kolkhozes. The author considers the influence of campaigns on the mass consciousness of peasants and their social behaviour from the perspective of «everyday history». Special attention is paid to the ideas of rural residents about themselves and the word, and their reaction to major social and political events. The author comes to a conclusion that,...

The article deals with the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania as a result of inter-elite struggles in post-Soviet period of different power groups. 1. Estonian Human Development Report. Baltic Way(s) of Human Development: Twenty Years On. 2010/2011. Eesti Koostöö Kogu. Tallinn. 2011. 2. Geddes B. Initiation of New Democratic Institutions in Eastern Europe and Latin America // A. Lijphart & C.H. Waisman (eds.). Institutional Design in New Democracies: Eastern Europe and Latin America...

The author analyses F. Lassalle’s ideas from the perspective of philosophical and legal concept of Sergey Hessen. The role of F. Lassalle’s concept in the development of socialism as viewed by Sergey Hessen is examined in the article. 1. Гаджиев К. С. Национальная идентичность: концептуальный аспект //Вопросы философии. 2011. № 10. URL: http://vphil.ru/index.php?option-com_content&task-view&id-400&Itemid-52 (дата обращения: 27.03.2012). 2. Гессен С. И. Борьба утопии и автономии добра в мировоззрении...

Russian economy is overcoming the crisis; its further restoration and growth depend on different factors: abrupt and not always predictable changes in the world economic situation, dynamics and fluctuations of oil prices, inflow and outflow of capital from financial markets, and other external economic and political factors. However, there is increasing awareness that the restoration and growth largely depend on internal fundamental factors: modernisation of economy and the prospects of increase...

The author considers the scope of the «military culture of society» concept and analyses the possibilities of its application in humanities in order to extend our knowledge of the past and the present. 1.  Ашев Г.   А. Культура воинской деятельности. М., 1984. 2.  Каменев А.   И. Современная высшая военная школа: состояние, проблемы и перспективы развития. М., 1991. 3.  Ковалевский В.   Ф. Профессиональная культура офицера // Военная школа. 1990. №   6. 4.  Чебан В.   В. Культура национальной...

Historical examples reveal the peculiarities of bilateral intergovernmental relations. There are two non-convertible variants, based on the positive contribution of the actual international agent into the formation of a new state — the prospective added value variant — or aimed at deliberated suspension/breach of relations — the prospective tension variant. This suspension of sovereignty leaves a permanent scar in the national memory and leads to continuous alienation of the states. 1.  Путин В...

This article deals with the issue of the food supply problems on the territory of the Novgorod land in the 11th-16th centuries. Despite permanent bread budget deficit, Veliky Novgorod managed to maintain political and economic independence and avoid purchasing significant amounts of grain. The reconstruction of a budget of a peasant agricultural farm shows that, in the then conditions, it could not rest solely on own-grown corn and livestock products in the Novgorod land. For centuries, peasant diet...

The influence of German-Polish relations on the status of the Polish national minority in East Prussia in 1918—1939 is considered in the article. 1. Wrzesi ń ski W . Ruch polski na Warmii , Mazurach i Powi ś lu w latach 1920—1939. Wroc ł aw ; Warszawa ; Krak ó w , 1993. 2. Cha ł upczak H . II Rzeczpospolita a mniejszo ść polska w Niemczech . Zasady i formy finansowania mniejszo ś ci polskiej w Niemczech w latach 1919—1939 // Prze ­ gl ą d Zachodni . 1988. №   1. 3. Gąsiorowski...

The article considers the state and law institutions analogous to the Justice of Peace in Russia in the XVIII — first half of XIX cent., as well as the ideas on magistrate court establishment in the political and legal works of that time. 1.        Ключевский В.   О. Русская история: полный курс лекций в 3 кн. Кн. 3. М ., 1995. 2.        Градовский А.   Д. Начала русского государственного права. Ч. 3: Органы местного управления // Градовский А.   Д. Сочинения: в 9 т. Т. 9. СПб., 1904. 3.       ...

... of the XIX century and the role of socalled «Russian Party» (N. Karamzin, A. Shishkov, F. Rostoptschin, S. Glinka) in this process. The author defines the basic elements of conservative nationalist ideology: interpretation of the people as a «body politic», antiwesternism, antiliberalism, cult of autocracy, selective glorification of Russia’s historical past. 1.  Карамзин Н. М. Записка о древней и новой России. М., 1991. 2.  Местр Ж. де. Петербургские ...

The article casts light on the system of intelligence officer training. The deep changes in the political and socioeconomic life of the USSR resulted in the growth of opposition attitudes. It necessitated higher efficiency of the officers of the National Commissariat of Home Affairs. The author considers the main forms and methods of the interaction between the law enforcement institutions and local population. 1.  Архив Управления Федеральной службы безопасности по Псковской об­ласти. Д. 4124...

The article analyses the mechanisms of the development of American foreign policy towards Central and Eastern Europe on the example of Poland.The author considers a number of factors that influenced the process of the foreign policy development. 1. Печатнов В.   О. Мистер «Икс» в 1945 г . (неизвестное письмо Джорджа Кен­нана) // Проблемы всемирной истории. СПб ., 2000. 2. Alternative concepts of United States foreign policy 1943—1947. European and global aspects of postwar...

The article analyses expert influence on decision making process. The author argues that high uncertainty increases political elite’s attention to experts under the conditions of democratic transit. The case of the Kaliningrad exclave is taken as an example. 1.  Абрамов В.   Н. Калининградская область: социально-политические и гео­политические аспекты общественной трансформации 1990-х. СПб., 1998. 2.  Балтийский регион как полюс экономической интеграции Северо-Запада Российской Федерации и Европейского...

This article, based on the study of legal sources, is an attempt to show the influence of cultural, historical, economic and political factors on the development of the law of succession in the Russian Federation. 1. Конституция Российской Федерации. М., 2008. 2. Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации. М., 2008. 3. Владимирский-Буданов М.   Ф. Обзор истории русского права. Ростов н/Д,   1995. 4. Памятники русского права / сост.     А.   А. Зимен. Вып. 1. М., 1958. 5. Хрестоматия по истории...

This article analyses the contribution of the famous French writer and public figure Philippe Sollers to the development of Marxism. The author focuses on the crucial ideas of Sollers expressed in the works published in the Tel Quel magazine in the 1970s. 1.  Зонина Л.   А . «Тель Кель» // Краткая литературная энциклопедия. М ., 1972. Т . 7. 2.  Chronologie // Tel Quel. 1971. №     47. 3.  Declaration sur l’hégémonie idéologique bourgeoise / revisionniste // Tel Quel....

Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the relations within the USA-USSRChina triangle had strong influence on the whole system of international relations. The turnaround in Russian-Chinese relations from sharp confrontation in the Soviet era to current rapprochement, which started to take shape after the collapse of the Soviet Union, became a significant factor in world politics. The gradual strengthening of ties between Beijing and Moscow stood out against the background...

This article sets out to justify the updated author’s version of periodization of history of justice of the peace in Russia. The periodization includes four stages covering a time span from the 12th century to the present, is based on unified criteria, and rectifies the existing terminology and chronology. Each stage is a period of time embracing, on the one hand, a combination of political, social, and legal conditions of the development of justice of the peace and, on the other hand, the system...

This article is devoted to the analysis of influence of a certain set of factors on human capital reproduction financing. The basic factors are as follows: demographical factor, public sector development level, technological development, labor market situation, political factor, and the state of economy. 1.  Демографический ежегодник: стат. сб. Калининград, 2010. 2.  Казарян М.   А. Факторы воспроизводства человеческого капитала // Эко­номические науки. 2008. №   45. С. 455—459. 3.  Калининградская...

This article focuses on the 1948 turn in the US policy towards the Soviet-Yugoslav conflict. The author analyses the reaction of American foreign policy establishment to the Cominform resolution and the degree to which Washington understood the consequences of a split between Stalin and Tito. 1.  Совещания Коминформа, 1947, 1948, 1949: док. и матер. М ., 1998. 2.  Ulam A. Titoism and the Cominform. Cambridge, 1952. 3.  Dedijer V. The Battle Stalin Lost: Memoirs of Yugoslavia, 1948—1953. N...

Environmental and land management systems at the regional level are the main object of management at large. The scripts for developing manage­ment programs include analysis and assessment of the regional environmental ma­nagement system and the history of its setup, identification of the main trends, development of the most rational scenarios for its development and cor­rection based on monitoring. The article considers the main provisions of the concept plan of regional nature management systems...

Being in close proximity to the local community and its needs, a modern rural library in the Russian space is designed to be not only a center for users to access information, but also a place of education, cultural and intellectual activities, adaptation of residents to rapidly changing political, socio-economic, and psychological conditions. The rural library should act as an institution of socialization through developing a system of traditional values and pre­serving local culture, positioning...

The Kaliningrad region, as an exclave of the Russian Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military and civilian components of regional development, as well as the military-strategic significance of the region for Russia, the number and composition of the Russian military forces in the region. In doing...

In Russia, the polarization of the centers of human-geographic research is increasing. The role of Moscow as a leading center of human geography is growing. One of the centers of the secondary level, where the research is actively developing, is Kaliningrad. Its scientists collaborate with the other research centers and actively participate in network projects studying the socio-economic geography of Russia. Based on the eLibrary database, the scientific potential of Kaliningrad, and, above all,...

Digital technologies, which have received rapid development in recent years, are increasingly integrated into modern economic and social processes. The course towards digitalization taken by most countries is determined by the onset of a new digital era, when knowledge and information are the most important resources of the economy and are the basis for innovation. Howev­er, accelerated digitalization, as well as slowed down, carries a significant number of economic, social, political, cultural,...

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required adjustments in the region’s socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic zone (SEZ) strategy...

The socio-economic development of countries and world regions during recent decades has been affected by the confrontation of global and regional centres of power, their growing geoeconomic and geopolitical rivalry, accom­panied by increasing geopolitical turbulence. The article aims to substantiate the concept of geopolitical turbulence in its socio-geographical projection. Spe­cial emphasis is made on its manifestations in the territorial organization of society and its structures. The author reveals...

The article focuses on territorial interests as one of the fundamental con­cepts of social geography which reveal both objective and subjective character. The primary territorial interest of the region is the efficient economic devel­opment, while losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll con­ducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and so­cial policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the popu­lation and the political elite...

The Kaliningrad region is a border and a coastal area in one. Such a combination of geographic features affects the development of this exclave region of Russia. The maritime status has a direct and indirect positive impact on the sectoral structure and the pace of economic growth. The role of the borderline situation is ambivalent: if the relations with neighboring countries and the EU as a whole are favorable, then cross-border links that promote competitiveness and socio-economic development of...

The article studies coastal exclaves as a special type of enclave territories of the world. They are understood as territories separated from the territory of the mother country by a foreign state (states) but having access to the sea. A complete list of coastal exclaves in the world as well as their main comparative characteristics is given. Coastal exclaves are compared to other ones in Russian typologies of enclave regions. The author has classified coastal exclaves according to several parameters...

... Республики Польша и Калининградская область Российской Федерации: политические проблемы в процессе межрегионального сотрудничества // Youth World Politic.2016. № 2. С. 3—9. 10. Михайлова А. А. Инновационная инфраструктура Калининградской области: особенности и барьеры развития // Инновационное ...

The article describes various methodological approaches to studying the centres of ethnocultural regions. The author introduces the notion of sociocultural potential of a city, offers a methodology for its assessment and analyses the results of the assessment of Russia’s ethnocultural regions. 1. Арутюнян Ю. В., Дробижева Л. М., Сусоколов А. А. Этносоциология. М., 1998. 2. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010. Т. 4. Национальный состав и владение языками, гражданство. URL: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612...

The article examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and international enclaves. Another focus is the evolution of both territories from the national exclaves within the USSR into external ones. The author...

Coherent federal economic policy is one of the most important tools for an effective social and economic development of such a unique region as Kaliningrad. The article describes the main stages of its formation over several decades and offers an assessment of the activities of the federal government. The author highlights the main challenges associated with the new political and economic reality that the region faces now. 1. Богданенко П. П. Калининградская Особая экономическая зона: результаты...

The study clarifies the concept of spatial networking inherent of various forms of interactions within the territorial socio-economic system of a region. The author offers a classification of spatial networks, identifies and describes types of spatial boundaries of different types of territorial communities: geographic, organizational, cognitive, cultural, institutional, social and technological. The complex of factors and conditions that influence the dynamics of the boundaries of spatial networking...

This article analyses images of environmental risks using the village of Nivenskoe as an example. Relevance of the research is caused by the fact that modern control systems of technogenic and ecological safety are based on risk assessment methods. Since media play a most significant role in the formation of public opinion and direct perception of risks in public space, communication of risks can be an instrument of latent manipulation with public opinion. The Internet and printed local media have...

This article examines the main stages of territorial administration system development in Eastern Prussia in terms of political, economical and social dynamics. 1. Бокман Х. Немецкий орден. М., 2004. 2. Ивановский В. Государственное право // Известия и ученые записки Казан­ского университета. 1895 . №   5 ; 1896. №   11 . 3. Омельченко О.   А. Развитие самоуправления в Германии в XIX в. // Инсти­туты самоуправления: историко-правовое исследование. М., 1995. С. 223—247. 4. Хорев Б.   С...

The article analyses the concept of 'special' socio-economic regions, i. e. those characterised by a special position in their relation to the political, economic and legal spaces of the home country and (or) neighbouring countries and, in some cases, by a special geographic position. The author offers two typologies of 'special' regions. 1.      Зверев Ю.   М. Калининградская область в классификации анклавных (экс­клавных) территорий мира. Калининград, 2003. 2.      Зверев Ю.   М. Типологии...