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This paper addresses the problem of optimizing a company's cost performance under heterogeneous constraints. The author proves the appropriateness and efficiency of applying the Lagrange multipliers to this end, which makes it possible to move from the conditional to the unconditional extremum. The article shows that, under certain conditions, the Lagrange multiplier based approach can be applied to differential cost accounting for the production of a multiproduct firm. 1.  Зайцев М.   Г....

Thus article is devoted to the conceptual framework of district division as a tool of reducing regional disparities. The author emphasizes the importance of studying the category of "vertically-integrated federalism" in Russian conditions. 1.  Смирнова Л.   В. Технологии ресурсной типологизации в управлении эко­номикой регионов (на примере Калининградской области): дис....

This article analyses the results of a sociological study conducted at the “Yantar” shipyard. The authors focus on the principal aspects of social management of a work collective and identify the basic problems faced by workers in the modern conditions. 1.  Струмилин С.   Г. Проблемы экономики труда. М., 1957. 2.  Подмарков В.   Г. Человек в мире профессий // Вопросы филосо­фии. 1972. №   8. 3.  Тощенко ...

... covering a time span from the 12th century to the present, is based on unified criteria, and rectifies the existing terminology and chronology. Each stage is a period of time embracing, on the one hand, a combination of political, social, and legal conditions of the development of justice of the peace and, on the other hand, the system of justice of the peace (court system, judicial institution, types and forms of state activity). 1.  Дорошков В.   В. Мировой судья. Исторические,...

Transfer pricing proofs to be an effective organizational management mechanism under the new economic conditions. This article deals with the main transfer pricing formation models and the interaction of financial participants contributing to harmonizing their economics interests. The application of these models to ensure competitiveness of public sector ...

..., the back­ground of water pollution assessment, can be roughly divided into 2 groups: qualitative (concentration of chemicals) and quantitative (mass of che­mi­cals). If the concentrations of certain chemicals can be obtained in labo­ra­to­ry conditions, using the methods described in the regulatory documents adop­ted in the territory of the Russian Federation, then obtaining their mass indicators, for a certain period of time, is not a trivial task. The main methods for calculating this ...

... The main criteria for the transformation were selected indicators of the tourist flow in general by country, as well as separately by border regions. The author proposes a typology of border regions in terms of their potential for adaptation to crisis conditions and prospects for increasing this potential through the development of natural and nature-oriented tourism.

... T-lymphocytes of immune memory are under strict control from the immune system. The role of γc-cytokines (IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15) in the regulation of maturation, differentiation, and apoptotic death of memory T-lymphocytes under in vitro cultivation conditions was evaluated. The study revealed the ability of γc-cytokines to increase the content of CD3+HLA-DR+CD95+ T cells in the effector populations of immune memory cytotoxic lymphocytes, which may indicate the processes of cell differentiation ...

... library in the Russian space is designed to be not only a center for users to access information, but also a place of education, cultural and intellectual activities, adaptation of residents to rapidly changing political, socio-economic, and psychological conditions. The rural library should act as an institution of socialization through developing a system of traditional values and pre­serving local culture, positioning itself as an open platform and involving residents in an active social and business ...

The tourism industry of the Kaliningrad region is one of the most dynamically develop­ing components of the regional economy. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the region's tourist volume was formed mainly due to external tourist flows. With the onset of the pandemic, there was a fear of an increase in the crisis situation in the industry, caused by a sharp de­crease in the number of tourists visiting the region from other regions of Russia. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the dynamics of...

The center-periphery theory is one of the oldest and most frequently applied theories in spatial development. The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the center-periphery theory at the present stage, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. To achieve this objective, an analysis was conducted of Russian and foreign works by specialists from various fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms...

... Region). The authors found 8 species of Sphagnum mostly growing in hydrophilic habitats at the bottom of drainage ditches and flooded depressions on the outskirts of the peatland, while the major part of the peatland shows unfavorable environmental conditions for the development of Sphagnum. The situation may well be changed via implementation of the rewetting project. In this case, the species of Sphagna become a significant bioindicator for environmental monitoring in the whole ecosystem. The ...

... network in the modern territory of the Russian-Belarusian border area. Particular attention is paid to its transit, intercapital geogra­phi­cal position, and the impact of transport development on regional growth. The author remarks that in modern conditions, transport connectivity acts as the most important factor in the integrity of the Union State.

... involvement in the innova­tion process. An assess­ment of the impact of agglomeration and coastal factors on the diffusion of in­novations at the inter-municipal level is given: from the agglomer­ation center to the periphery and from coastal and conditionally coastal municipali­ties in­land. The center-peripheral trends in the distribution of innovation activity in the Rostov region are considered. The conclusion is made that the center-peripheral divide, which has developed in the region, ...

... collection of industrial microorganisms. The ability of ethanol generation by a yeast consortia, using the enzymatic hydrolyzate of delignified Miscanthus cellulose. The comparison of the ability of yeast consortia to generate ethanol depending on aeration conditions was made. The test samples were controlled for reducing sugars with spectrophotometry, while the resulting ethanol content was determined with gas chromatography. It has been found that the use of yeast consortia makes ethanol fermentation ...

... due to be associated with the simultaneous influence of the continental runoff and water exchange with the Baltic Sea. The obtained data were analysed in terms of the lithologic description and radiocarbon dating in order to evaluate the environmental conditions in the studied area during the Mid- to Late Holocene (6500—3500 cal yr BP). 1. Александров С.В. Многолетние изменения трофического статуса Куршского и Вислинского ...

Quarantine measures are difficult working conditions that require the highest degree of mobilization and dedication from the specialists of a medical institution. Due to the acute shortage of medical personnel in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, many medical students were involved in the ...

... example of the subjects of the North-Western Federal District (NWFD). The study established that the structure of drug-consumption in the District largely depends on the economic and geographical position of the subjects, the natural and climatic conditions. Opioid drug addiction has the greatest negative impact on the socio-economic development of the subjects. The subjects in which there is a high level of drug-addiction among the population are forced to allocate significant funds both for ...

... processes caused by these changes in the territory of the former German province, i. e. in the Kaliningrad region of the RSFSR, the Klaipeda region of the Lithuanian SSR and the Olsztyn voivodship of Poland. The purpose of the study is to compare the conditions, course and results of the deportation of Germans to Germany and the settlement of the region with new people in 1945—1950, to identify common features and characteristics. It was established that the eviction of Germans took place on ...

... economy and are the basis for innovation. Howev­er, accelerated digitalization, as well as slowed down, carries a significant number of economic, social, political, cultural, and other threats that can be partially mitigated by creating favorable basic conditions for digital transfor­mation. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to assess some quantitative indicators reflecting the readiness of the region's economy for digitalization. For this purpose, the integral index is calculated as the ...

... warming above the long-term average level, on the monthly average concen­trations of chlorophyll “a” was not revealed, that indicates a sustainable state and strength of the south-eastern Baltic Sea ecosystem towards the variability of environmental conditions over several years.

... described in current clinical guidelines, so the authors of publications rely on their own research methods and get different results. The authors provide a systematization of the research methodology, the values of stiffness for the norm and in the conditions of various diseases. Factors affect­ing the results of stiffness measurement in healthy volunteers (the patient's position, food intake, respiratory phase, number of measurements) were iden­tified, which resulted in mean values of spleen ...

The article analyses the environmental impact of agriculture on the eco­logical status of river basins in four peripheral districts of the Kaliningrad re­gion (Pravdinsky, Ozersky, Nesterovsky and Krasnoznamensky). The author studied the current condition of agriculture in the considered districts. In the study the established methodology for assessing the quality of water bodies was used to define the ecological state of watercourses in four peripheral dis­tricts considering the nutrient impact....

Social innovations are important for solving the problems of rural devel­opment, since due to the intensification of polarization processes, the backlog of living conditions in rural areas from cities increases. Based on the statisti­cal reporting and agricultural censuses, the article assesses the changes and spatial distribution of production, social and demographic processes in rural areas of the Kaliningrad ...

The coastal area of Russia is a dynamically developing region of the coun­try, the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of which has grown significant­ly in recent decades due to changes in the external conditions of development. The differences in the socio-economic development of the coastal area of Russia are reflected in the numerous gradients of the migration situation, the study of which determines the purpose of this article. The study relies ...

Frequency and variability of heart rate served as instruments to assess the stress resistance of two groups of students with different average academic performance in different periods of the educational process: at the beginning and at the end of the autumn semester. Mental stress always statistically sig­nificantly increased the heart rate in both groups of students, but significantly decreased heart rate variability only in the group of students with better aca­demic performance at the end of...

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of economic security of the Russian border regions, directly adjacent to Ukraine: Kursk, Belgorod, Voro­nezh, Rostov and Krasnodar regions. The study is going to assess the level of economic security in these regions, as well as its dynamics after 2014, taking into account cyclical features and long-term trends that have been in effect since the early 2000s. Having analyzed the research papers and public dis­course, the study built the picture of intraregional...

The article focuses on the issues of innovative development of coastal ag­glomerations, as advancement drivers for the regions of Southern Russia, which experience a reduction in contact potential in modern geo-economic conditions that complicates international economic and technological coopera­tion. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the information metab­olism processes as the basis of innovative development taking place in the Ros­tov agglomeration ...

The innovative development of a region is the essential condition for in­creasing its competitiveness. The reintegration of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation requires considerable efforts aimed at overcoming ex­ternal geo-economic barriers in socio-economic development, as well as at re­vitalizing ...

The exclave and coastal position of the Kaliningrad region determines the development conditions that differ from other regions, including those of the regional innovation subsystem. The most important and integral part of this subsystem which actually ensures the interaction of its components, is trans­fer of technologies. The main "holders" ...

The study discusses the key current problems and parameters of the mo­dern fishing industry in Russia. Given the EU and US restrictive measures towards Russia and reciprocal food import restrictions by our country, the condition of the domestic fishing industry is of particular interest. The article analyzes the quantitative parameters of the industry, identifies key leading companies, shows the dynamics of the number of enterprises in the coastal regions from 2007 ...

The article evaluates the economic security of the Rostov region, a west­ern border region of Russia under the conditions of geoeconomic turbulence. Using complementary methods of the economic-statistical analysis of dynamic series and expert interviewing, the author describes multidimensional intra-regional processes triggered by external economic shifts. Empirical ...

... of the photosynthetic pigments content ana­lysis (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in the leaves of one of the most com­mon representatives of the urban herbaceous plants — reed fescue Festu­ca arun­dinacea Schreb., in controlled experimental conditions. The content of pigments in the leaves in one day after treatment with organic compounds sharply decreases compared to three days occurred after treatment with pen­tane, hexane, benzene, as well as mixtures of pentane and hexane; pentane and ...

The article is focused on the development of a methodology for quantitative assessment of adaptive changes magnitude in woody vegetation in the vicinity of the Gomel Polissyе major industrial enterprises on the basis the of leaf blades fluctuating asymmetry index. This justifies the possibility of using this value as a criterion for assessing the woody vegetation adaptation at the morphometric level and further production under technogenic environmental impact. 1. Банарь С. А. Экобиоиндикационная...

... partial response. Further, alloge­neic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was recommended. After two R-ICE courses, the patient received supportive polychemotherapy (Rituximab + + Gem­zar), without progression. Six months later, the patient's condition wors­ened. We performed spinal puncture and diagnosed neuroleukemia. It was recom­mended that the patient received a specific course of polychemother­apy. There­fore, patients diagnosed with hepatolienal T-cell lymphoma, in view of the highly ...

... Russia’s ‘hub’ in the Baltic. With a reference to the Framework for a Strategy for Russia’s Spatial Development until 2030, I stress the need for a closer collaboration between Saint Petersburg and Kaliningrad in the new geoeconomic and geopolitical conditions. I explore the opportunities for and barriers to the joint geoeconomic positioning of St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad region in the Baltic. This study has proved instrumental in inventorying all the factors, forms, and areas of cooperation ...

... external economic relations of the Ka­liningrad Region. Turku school of economics and business administration, Dis­cus­sion. Kaliningrad, 1998. Klemeshev A., Fedorov G., Zverev Yu. et al. Concept of development of the Kali­nin­grad region under the conditions of Russian European cooperation in the Baltic sea region // Region of co-operation. Iss. 9 (34). Kaliningrad, 2004. Mezhevich N. Russia and the Baltic States: Some Results and a Few Perspecti­ves // Baltic region. 2015. № 2 (24). P. 4—12....

... Russia’s ‘hub’ in the Baltic. With a reference to the Framework for a Strategy for Russia’s Spatial Development until 2030, I stress the need for a closer collaboration between Saint Petersburg and Kaliningrad in the new geoeconomic and geopolitical conditions. I explore the opportunities for and barriers to the joint geoeconomic positioning of St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad region in the Baltic. This study has proved instrumental in inventorying all the factors, forms, and areas of cooperation ...

The article deals with modern concepts of cultural landscapes in Russian and foreign geography, as well as approaches to the zoning of cultural landscapes. The approaches to landscape-cultural and historical-geographical zoning considered in the article appear to be logical and scientifically substantiated; they give an exhaustive picture of the origin of the cultural landscape, both natural and historical-cultural. However, they do not determine the state of the cultural landscapes of a particular...

... nudibranch mollusc // J. Neurophysiol. 1967. Vol. 30. P.1439—1465. 11. Dogterom G. E., Hofs H. P., Waapenaar P. et al. Spontaneous oviposition and neurohormone induced ovulation and oviposition in Lymnaea stagnalis kept under various experimental conditions // Molluscan neuro-endocrinology: proceedings of the International Minisymposium on Molluscan Endocrinology, held in the Department of Biology, Free University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, August 16— 20, 1982 / eds. J. Lever, H. H. Boer. ...

... communities of algae and bacteria in the Vislinskiaya lagoon and the open coastal space of the South Baltic as well as their taxonomic composition. The authors reveal fouling indifference of the nature of the substrates and Ulva dominance in polluted water conditions. The ecological status of the studied coastal marine communities is assessed in accordance with the diversity of species. Succession of communities of bacteria and microalgae in the initial stages microfouling is confirmed. 1. Протасов ...

... focuses on the urgent issues of the labour resourses repeoduction in the Kaliningrad region as a result of interregional and international labor migration for the last years. Reducing the number of own labor resources in changing external and internal conditions for the regional socioeconomic system determines the urgency of migration monitoring and analysis. The aim of the study is to analyze the position of the Kaliningrad region in the labor migration within the transforming geopolitical space. ...

... combination of natural, political, and economic factors. Such models incorporate indicators of changes in the cultivated land area, land structure, and the intensity of agricultural practices. At early stages, the evolution of a model is affected by natural conditions. Later, political (wars, revolutions, changes in national borders) and economic factors (economic crises, changes in the overall economic situation, and shifts in the structure of the economy) come to the fore. The time series of statistical ...

... verschiebungen an der Küste des Semlands. 11 Brüsterort, 111 Palmnicken // Schr. der Physik-ökonom. Ges. zu Königsberg. Jg. LIV. Leipzig ; Berlin, 1913. S. 119—144. 19. Kobelyanskaya J., Bobykina V. P., Piekarek-Jankowska H. Morphological and lithodynamic conditions in the marine coastal zone of the Vistula Spit (Gulf of Gdansk, Baltic Sea) // Oceanologia. 2011. № 53 (4). P. 1—17. 20. Łabuz T. A., Grunewald R., Bobykina V. et al. Coastal dunes of the Baltic Sea shores: a review // Quaestiones Geographicae....

... with the logistics tasks (export-import operations), and (to a lesser extent, mainly Black Sea coast) with the implementation of certain recreational projects. Localization of large business (its head offices, branches, individual enterprises) is also conditioned by the general trend for economic activities, infrastructure and population to get advanced to the sea (some parts of the coast), which serves as one of the significant factors (and indicators) of economic activity, and cross-border clustering....

... upwelling regions and located outside the seasonal ice cove zones. It is shown that unlike E. exigua, the maximal content of the species A. weddellensis corresponds to the intervals characterized by increased species diversity and, probably, more productive conditions. 1. Кулешова Л. А., Овсепян Е. А., Иванова Е. В. Палеоокеанологические условия в юго-западной части Атлантического океана (район поднятия ...

... indicators of population dynamics. The benefits of the coastal and borderline positions are not fully exploited by the region, that is, those types of economic activity and production that could successfully develop are relatively poorly represented here. Conditioned by objective economic laws, inevitable Russian entry into the international division of labor will contribute to the accelerated development of the Kaliningrad region, as well as other bordering coastal regions. 1. Артоболевский ...

... region in their entirety. This article is the very first attempt to provide an overview of possible ways to use the Russian part of this region as a single water and land system in view of the close interdependence between land, waters, and environmental conditions. 1. Акимова И. Калининградская область: порт как основа развития // Ko­ra­bel.ru. URL: https://www.korabel.ru/news/comments/kaliningradskaya_oblast_ port_kak_osnova_razvitiya.html (дата ...

The authors present the results of a study proving a direct effect of GM-CSF and Epo on the functional activity and activation status of T-cells in varying degrees of differentiation. The obtained data demonstrate immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of Epo and CSF-GM. The study shows the direct impact of hematopoietins on the T-cells functional activity in hematopoietic immunoregulation. 1. Гончаров А. Г., Шмаров В. А., Малащенко В. В. и др. Прямое влияние гемопоэтинов на функциональную...

The Kaliningrad region is a small territory of Russia in the centre of Europe. It differs from other Russian regions in natural conditions and reclamation history. The recent socioeconomic development has been associated with anthropogenic pressure on natural and cultural landscapes created during seven hundred years. It has a negative effect on the environment. The author considers ...