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The paper analyses the role of the civilian population during the siege of Fortress Königsberg between late January and April 1945. It will discuss the scope of coercion and the living condition in the city, as well as the reasons why civilians decided to stay in Königsberg. Their large presence makes them impossible to overlook if one is to construct a view of the siege of Königsberg. 1. Галицкий К. Н. В боях за ...

... 1946—1965. The author estimates the performance of the Regional Committee in distributing powers between regional administrative structures, coordinating actions with Union authorities, and exercising control over agricultural productionand working conditions of Kolkhoz members. 1. Государственный архив Калининградской области (ГАКО). Ф. П-1 (Калининградский областной комитет КПСС). 2. ГАКО. Ф. Р-139 (Областное ...

This article explores local crafts of peasant women of the north-western provinces, namely, weaving, needlework, and lacework. The work conditions are examined. The author stresses that workers were highly dependent on dealers who provided them with raw materials and sold their products at the market. The phenomena identified are indicative of the formation of capitalistic forms of using ...

... article addresses the problem of development of state archive institutions in Russian in the period of developed socialism in the USSR. It is shown that, despite certain professional achievements, Russian state archives were faced with unfavourable conditions explained by the ideological and political requirements of the Soviet party and state mechanism. The issue of the inequality of the RSFSR in terms the possession and use of national documentary heritage. 1. 20 лет архивного строительства ...

This article studies human resource availability at Kaliningrad regional educational institutions in the first post-Soviet period. Attention is paid to staffing of school after 1991, the measures taken by education authorities to improve the living conditions of teachers, and the aspiration of teachers to increase their knowledge and skills to meet the needs of the changing education systems. Teachers had to not only embark on the current processes of state development and change approaches to the ...

... year olds, predominantly females, who care for their elderly parents, raise children (or grandchildren), and perform their professional duties. One of the key problems faced by people in this situation is psychological adaptation to the changing life conditions. This article considers changes in the 50-65 year old population in Russia and identify generation gap problems faced by this age bracket. 1. Берн Э. Игры, в которые играют люди. Люди, которые играют ...

... One of the positive features of this model is the rapid adoption of a new constitution. Experts and politicians stress that the main drawback of the Slovakian Constitution is that it has not eliminated the gap between values and rules and the actual condition of human rights. The prospects of further development of constitutional law in Slovakia are associated with overcoming the post-Communist attitudes of the Constitution. 1. История государства и права зарубежных ...

This article analyses the socio-psychological determinants of corruption and the features of this phenomenon in the 19th century and today. It is concluded that, in the current condition, a more sever criminal penalty can have a greater effect than continuing and costly efforts to reduce poverty and wealth inequality in population. Of significance is the application of the principles of legality and inevitability of punishment ...

This article sets out to define the legal foundations of the notion of “family” and formulates proposals on the need for its statutory recognition to eliminate the uncertainty of legal regulation in the conditions of international integration. 1. Бошко В. И. Очерки советского семейного права. Киев, 1952. 2. Владимирский-Буданов М. Ф. Обзор истории русского права....

This article describes the conditions, resources, and prerequisites necessary for the efficient functioning of small businesses. Based on the theoretical propositions and practical results of productive forces distribution, the authors identify groups of factors of spatial organization ...

This article considers the possibility of philosophical education influencing moral consciousness in the conditions of contemporary societies. The author stresses the relevance of rational approach to moral issues from the perspective of contemporary philosophy and science. The institution of philosophical education is considered as a means to create a foundation ...

... corruption in Russia. The author analyzes the capacity of the state and society to combat corruption. It is concluded that the scale of criminal factors affecting corruption is not proportional to the means of combating this phenomenon. In the current conditions, the most effective anti-corruption measures are the upgrading of criminal penalties. 1. Клейменов М. П., Клейменов И. М. Престиж криминологии в мире и в России // Криминологический ...

... municipalities on the basis of an integrated approach. The validity of the method of integrated assessment of the competitiveness of municipalities is demonstrated in the case of the Kaliningrad region. The authors use a complex of statistical data on the condition of economy and major spheres of human activity in municipalities. The results of the assessment can be applied by the authorities in solving the urgent problems of development of subregional entities. 1. О порядке предоставления ...

The development of the tourism industry in the Kaliningrad region is identified as one of the priority areas of economic development. The existing tourism and recreational potential, favorable climatic conditions, and a large number of cultural and historical sites should contribute to the effective development of the region. The cluster approach should become a catalyst for the development of tourism and hospitality industry, which makes it possible ...

This article presents proposals to ensure a balanced development of the strategic areas of regional specialization based on managerial decisionmaking in the conditions of the system uncertainty of integrated coastal interaction. To this end, it is suggested that a balanced scorecard system identifying the possibility of aligning such decisions and maintaining the synergy effect in the chosen directions of ...

This article presents recommendations on the modelling of a functional and object development of coastal regional systems that would ensure the system adaptation and manageability in the conditions of environment uncertainty. To this end, the author employs the method of system definition, which makes it possible to identify the connection between the basic elements of the regional system ensuring its integrity and stability. Such approach ...

This article suggests forecasting socioeconomic and marketing processes in the Russian market conditions of a transitional period with the help of cluster modelling, which would significantly increase the objectivity of assessing the identified processes and the impact of research. 1. Воробьев Д. Н. Регулирование асимметрии ...

This article uses published sources and literature to study the condition of peasant fishing trade in Novgorod and Pskov Governorates in the second half of the 19th/the beginning of the 20th centuries. The work focuses on analyzing the role of fishing trade in the peasant agriculture. The article describes the socioeconomic ...

... 1930—1940s in the Baltics. The authors analyse changes in the political systems and international priorities of the ruling elites of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The influence of domestic factors on solving the problem of independence preservation in the conditions of world war is identified. 1. Anušauskas A. Teroras ir nusikaltimai žmoniškumui. Pirmoji sovietinė okupacija. Terror and Crimes against Humanity. The First Soviet Occupation. Vilnius, 2006. 2. Biezais H. Latvija kāškrusta varā. Sveši ...

Historically, the magistrates’ court — being a public institute in its nature — has co-existed with community (communal) authorities, including judiciary institutions. As a result, under certain conditions, community courts are subject to the magistrates’ court or even included in its structure, absorbed by it. This article investigates the background and course of this process in the history of the Russian Empire of the 19th/early 20th centuries....

This article considers the conflicting conditions of growth of rationality in the modern Russian society, identifies threats relating to the key trends in world community development, Russian science and education, and personality transformations. 1. Андреев А. Л. Общество ...

This article considers the introduced and planned changes to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation relating to the construction of a system of legal entities. It is concluded that there is a deviation from earlier doctrinal statements about the directions of system development. The changes do not take into account the existing interconnections and may have a negative impact on law enforcement practices. 1. О внесении изменений в главы 1, 2, 3 и 4 части первой Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации...

... Ties // American Journal of Sociology. 1973. Vol. 78. P. 1360—1380. 13. Granovetter M. S. Getting a Job: A Study of Contacts and Careers. Chicago, 1994. 14. Jones C., Hesterly W. S., Borgatti S. P. A General Theory of Network Governance: Exchange Conditions and Social Mechanisms // The Academy of Management Review. 1997. Vol. 22, № 4. P. 911—945. 15. Kreiner K., Schultz M. Informal collaboration in R & D: The formation of networks across organizations // Organization Studies. 1993. Vol. 14....

... region, draws attention to the problems arising in the judicial practice relating to the application of the said customs procedure, and proposes measures to improve the mechanism of the customs zone procedure applied in the Kaliningrad region in the conditions of the Customs Union. 1. Об Особой экономической зоне в Калининградской области и о внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Российской ...

... globalisation of markets and the transition to the information society requires the management of modern organisations to develop new solutions and approaches to management. The development of network society suggests a transition to management in the conditions of growing market turbulence and interdependence of market actors. Therefore, the ability of managers to align the diverse interests of stakeholders — groups, organizations, and individuals that affect or may be affected by the organization's ...

The process of ensuring the strategic competitiveness of organisations in the conditions when knowledge assets become the decisive development factor is analysed. The author considers a number of modern research concepts striving to explain the development and sustaining of stable competitive advantages of organisations in the ...

... development of the concept – the use of only sociological and economic analysis and disregard of social philosophy. The author offers a scientific and philosophical substantiation of the technogenic development of society and the world, its crisis condition, and presents the evidence as to why contemporary society is a post-industrial and technogenic one. 1. Белл Д. Грядущее постиндустриальное общество. Опыт социального прогнозирования....

This article considers the influence of globalisation processes on the development of the crisis of historical and ethnocultural identity and describes the factors affecting the ethnocultural identity transformation. The author analyses how globalisation results in both the blurring of ethnocultural identity and the intensification of regionalisation processes. 1. Андрейчук Н. В., Гаврилина Л. М. Феномен калининградской региональной субкультуры (социально-философский и культурологический анализ)...

The publication reflects the problem of new identity of the Baltics in the conditions of competition between European spaces. The Baltic States are presented as a political structure, where mutually competitive identities oriented towards different centres of modern Europe are developing. In the Baltics, the identity discourse ...

... different aspects of the development of electronic form of culture. Particular emphasis is placed on the philosophical and sociological study of the phenomenon, which has been pronounced since the second half of the 20th century. The author considers the conditions and factors of the interdisciplinary approach to studying electronic culture. 1. Маклюэн М. Понимание медиа: внешние расширения человека М., 2007. 2. Электронная культура....

... social and economic interac- tion with features of game, which makes it possible to approach the analysis of ethic and aesthetic properties of the game taking place in the space of service. The author attempts to define the term “game modality” as a condition for symbolic interactions. 1. Костина А. В. Массовая культура как феномен постиндустриального общества. Изд. 2-е, перераб. и доп. М., 2005. 2. Уинги Т. М. ...

Today, the fishing industry of the Kaliningrad region is experiencing depression. The reduction in the fleet as a result of its depreciation resulted in a decrease in catch and production, as well as income and profitability. The funds of enterprises are insufficient for vessel construction, thus they cannot develop at the moment without public support. 1. Крайний А. От океана до пруда. Итоги работы отрасли в 2011 году и задачи на 2012 г. // Рыбное хозяйство. 2012. № 2. С. 18—24. 2. Кухоренко...

This article considers the aspects of programming evolution and the features and prospects of applying this tool in the modern economic conditions. The author makes suggestion regarding the improvement of national research management. 1. О федеральной целевой программе «Научные и научно-педагогические кадры инновационной ...

... развития общества не эффективен. This article focuses on the most dangerous and long-lasting determinants of modern crime. The author arrives at a conclusion that the institution of crime prevention is inefficient in the current condition of society development. 1. Конституция Российской Федерации. Государственный гимн Российской Федерации. М., 2012. 2. Мартышин О. В. Идея социального ...

... предназначенных для длительного хранения. This article focuses on the issues of maintaining the quality and ensuring safety of foodstuffs supplied for long-term storage to government reserves, which acquire a totally new function in the conditions of development of information society economy. The author analyses the problem of maintaining the quality and ensuring safety of foodstuffs in the course of storing and emphasizes the need to modernize the foodstuffs production in view of innovative ...

... the 19th/ beginning of the 20th century are distinguished by complex character and dramatic shifts from cooperation to confrontation and vice versa. Different circumstances and factors, including the level of trade and economic contacts, affected the condition of English-Russian relations. The author analyses the principal stages of the evolution of trade and economic contacts between Great Britain and Russia from the Crimean war to the agreement of 1907 and identifies their role and influence on ...

... the historical events of the late war period and the first post-war years, which resulted in the loss of the pedigree livestock and sorted seeds created by East Prussian stock-breeders and plant-breeders. The article describes the variety of breeding conditions of the first years in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Агроуказания по плодоводству для колхозов и совхозов Калининградской области. Калининград, 1951. 2. Беднова ...

This article focuses on the problems of preserving ethnocultural identity in the conditions of globalisation and blurring of cultural distinctions, first of all, the possible loss of ethnocultural identity of Russian-speaking population in the post-Soviet space of the Republic of Lithuania. A specialised survey is used as material ...

This article analyses the axiological features of the phenomenon of rationality of acting in the framework of social-philosophical and cultural discourse. The author identifies the functions of philosophical education in the conditions of system crisis of modern civilization. Philosophical education is considered as a means to increase rationality of thinking and acting. 1. Бохеньский Ю. М. Духовная ситуация времени // Вопросы философии....

The article deals with the questions of the current legislative budget process of local autonomies in the Russian Federation and Italy. The current budget process of an Italian autonomy is characterized by the growing role of municipal taxes and overall decline in public transfers. In the Russian Federation, municipal budgets depend crucially on the mechanism of federal and municipal tax redistribution at this stage of municipal reform. The author comes to the conclusion that legal innovations in...

Under the current conditions, the activity of operative officers connected with the initiation of a criminal case faces the imperfection of current legislation. The article offers some amendments to the Federal laws allowing a more comprehensive and objective corruption-related ...

... and current necessity of the problem of corporate culture for the businessmen of the Kaliningrad region who are carrying out activity on territory surrounded by the EU. He gives special attention to fitting the European norms of corporate culture in conditions of economy globalization. 1.  Бобрик Ж. К вопросу формирования корпоративной культуры на пред­приятиях Калининградской области // 3-я Международная ...

The article analyses the main problems of social cognition development under modern conditions; it suggests considering the anomie in the modern society in the framework of short social projects. 1.  Аналитический центр Ю.   А. Левады. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: www.levada.ru. 2.  Бердяев ...

The article analyses expert influence on decision making process. The author argues that high uncertainty increases political elite’s attention to experts under the conditions of democratic transit. The case of the Kaliningrad exclave is taken as an example. 1.  Абрамов В.   Н. Калининградская область: социально-политические и гео­политические ...

The author discusses negative influence of globalization processes on world economy, presents global geopolitical and geo-economic trends in the context of system of challenges for Russia. 1.  Глазунов М.   Н. Экономические проблемы социализма: опыт СССР // Фе­номен Сталин. М.; Краснодар, 2003. С. 174—175. 2.  Дугин А. Проект «Евразия». М., 2004. 3.  КоммерсантЪ. 2005. 23 марта. 4.  Коренева Г. Кто нажился на монетизации // Аргументы и факты. 2006. №   5. С. 18. 5.  Мера за...

This paper examines the activity of small enterprises in the Kaliningrad region using the example of furniture industry. The author identifies the factors affecting their development in a special economic zone 1.  Малое предпринимательство в Калининградской области: стат. сб. / Тер­риториальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Ка­лининградской области. Калининград,   2005 — 2010. 2.  Мебельный рынок в России 2008 — 2010: общие показатели и прогноз. URL: http://www...

... the theoretical and methodological framework of energy complex functioning and development management. The author stresses the importance of developing the methodological aspects of improving regional energy complex development management under the condition of exploiting local energy sources. 1.  Гранберг А.   Г. Основы региональной экономики. М., 2000. 2.  Долгов В. Ресурсы под ногами // Российская газета-Экономика ...

This article analyses the contemporary crisis of education in the context of modern civilization crisis. The author offers possible ways to overcome the educational crisis by altering a number of fundamental principles of the education system. 1.      Анатомия кризисов. Арманд А.   Д., Люри Д.   И., Жерихин В.   В. и др. М., 1999. 2.      Андрейчук Н.   В. Философия образования и трансформации современной цивилизации // Преподаватель. XXI век: общерос. науч. журн. о мире образо­вания. 2007...

... The author focuses on the forms of the participation of population in the establishment of new political regime, the activity of political parties and local government bodies and attempts to build an optimal model of the formation of a republic in the conditions of diarchy. 1.      Андреев А.   М. Местные Советы и органы буржуазной власти ( 1917 г .). М., 1983. 2.      Вестник Временного правительства. 1917....

... the assessment of Russian economy's labor demand. With the help of the methodology developed, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are ranked on the basis of priority of engaging qualified migrants in the innovation economy development conditions. 1.  Доклад о развитии человека — 2009. Преодоление барьеров: человеческая мобильность и развитие. Доклад Программы развития ООН (ПРООН) ...