2025 Issue №1

The article examines the dynamics of the territorial structure of contact zones between Slavic and Turkic peoples in the Volga-Ural region during the second decade of the 21st century. The empirical basis of the study consists of ethnic statistics at the municipal level, derived from the 2010 and 2021 population censuses. The article employs original methodologies for identifying the external boundaries of two-component ethno-contact zones, assessing their degree of distinctiveness and ethnic contrast, and determining the stages of their development over a given time period. The key trends in the dynamics of Slavic-Turkic contact zones in the second decade of the 21st century include an increase in contact intensity, manifested in the growing proportion of both Slavs and Turks, as well as the partial dissolution of ethno-contact zones in favor of titular ethnic groups within the borders of Turkic republics. Outside the Turkic republics of the Volga-Ural region, the dissolution of ethno-contact zones tends to favor Slavic populations.

Due to the ethnogeographic diversity of American society, the issue of employment differences between ethnogeographic groups in the United States continues to attract considerable attention from social science researchers. However, despite a substantial body of work on this topic, the question of changes in the employment structure of ethnogeographic groups across space has been relatively overlooked. In this regard, the present study aims to identify spatial differences in the employment of ethnogeographic groups in the U. S. The analysis covers 25 major urban areas and 12 ethnogeographic groups. To compare the employment structure of an ethnogeographic group with the overall employment structure of the population in a given urban area, as well as with the employment structure of urban members of the same group across the U.S., the dissimilarity index was used. Additionally, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were calculated between the urban and national within-profession deviations for each group. The results reveal that, with the exception of Americans, the ethnogeographic groups studied tend to exhibit similarities in their choice of professions in the largest urban areas in the U. S. The analysis also highlighted urban communities that are notably different in their employment structure from other members of these groups in other cities across the U. S. — Russians in Sacramento and Portland, and Mexicans in Boston.